JP3959046B2 - Peeling equipment such as peanuts - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to a bean skinning device comprising a cylindrical rotary drum, rotating blades arranged on the drum, and peeled skin discharging means, and is optimal for peeling raw peanut skin. is there.
[0002]
[Prior art and its problems]
In general, beans have fruit set in a bean husk or bean pod, and the fruit cannot be taken out unless the husk or bean pod is cracked or peeled off. In the present specification, these shells and pods are simply referred to as “skin”, those extracted from the skin are referred to as “fruit”, and the fruit with skin is simply referred to as “bean”.
A device disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-36748 is available as an apparatus for peeling beans and extracting fruits.
This device guides the beans to the squeeze roller side while directing the beans in the longitudinal direction, and the skin is crimped and conveyed by the pulling and pressing action of the roller rotating in the biting method, and at the same time, the inner fruit is squeezed out and the skin is left as it is. Although it is moved forward, the separated fruit remains behind.
[0003]
However, since raw peanuts are sticky and hard, they cannot be peeled by a method of squeezing them with a pressing force like peas and broad beans.
In addition, an attempt was made to crush the peanut skin that was placed between the rotator and the protrusions by the impact of the rotator, but the embryo was missing. In many cases, the skin is scratched, resulting in 40% defective products.
Groundnut seeds must have an embryo located at the tip of the fruit and leave it intact, and to protect the fruit from pesticides remaining in the soil, the outer skin It is also required that the skin is not scratched or peeled off, so that it is impossible to take out the fruits using the above-mentioned general peeling machine for beans or a pupa peeler. The fact was that I had to rely on work.
[0004]
[Technical issues]
An object of the present invention is to make it possible to extract fruits without damaging embryos and thin skin in an apparatus for peeling beans.
[0005]
[Technical means]
Technical means for solving this technical problem are: (a) a cylindrical rotary drum, a rotating blade for placing the beans against the drum wall and peeling the skin against the drum wall, and a means for discharging the peeled skin. (B) An elastic protective layer is provided on the inner side of the rotating drum, (c) The tip of each blade of the rotating blade is formed of a rubber elastic body and inclined backward, and (d) the rotating blade is rotated. It was made to rotate faster than this in the same direction as the drum.
[0006]
The present invention employs a configuration in which a rotating blade having a plurality of blades is arranged inside a cylindrical rotating drum, and the blade is pressed against the drum wall to peel the supplied beans to continuously peel the beans. I try to peel it off.
Since the blades in the rotating drum are rotated faster in the same direction as the rotating drum, the beans supplied into the drum catch up with the beans later and gently press them against the drum wall.
Since the tip of the wing is formed of a rubber elastic body and is inclined backward, the blade is pressed on the front side of the tip, but the tip of the wing is formed of a rubber elastic body, Moreover, since an elastic protective layer is provided inside the rotating drum, the pressing force of the blades works on the beans using the elasticity of both, and the peel of the beans is gently crushed.
The fruit that has escaped from the crushed skin is directly moved on the elastic protective layer of the drum by the blades, and is discharged out of the drum together with the peeled skin by the action of the skin discharging means.
Therefore, the fruit can be peeled off and the fruit can be taken out without imposing a heavy burden, so that the fruit can be obtained without damaging the embryo or the skin.
[0007]
As a means for discharging the peeled skin, the rotary drum is supported by being inclined so that the skin discharge side is lowered, the tip of each blade is inclined sideways toward the skin discharge side, and further, each blade It is possible to adopt a configuration in which the is fixed at a position displaced in the spiral direction along the rotation axis. By these means, the beans can be moved naturally to the other end in the rotating drum, or forcedly moved, and the wings can be peeled off and the peeled skin can be discharged smoothly in the drum. (See claims 2 to 4).
In addition, these means can be used in combination as appropriate.
[0008]
When a through-hole is formed in the wall surface of the rotating drum to allow the fruit to escape, the fruit that has escaped from the crushed skin encounters the through-hole when it is moved on the elastic protective layer of the drum by the blades. It is discharged out of the drum (see claim 5). At this time, small pieces of skin come out of the drum through this through hole, but large pieces are discharged from the other end of the drum. Therefore, by adopting this configuration, the fruit and skin can be roughly separated.
If the diameter of the hole of the elastic protective layer is made smaller than the hole of the cylindrical wall of the drum, a larger skin will not be discharged from the hole. In addition, since the opening edge of the hole on the elastic protective layer side has elasticity, even if the fruit deviates from the center position of the hole, the elasticity is used to guide the fruit to the opening of the hole so that the drum smoothly You can go outside. Therefore, the risk factor that the fruit itself is broken or the embryo is missing can be minimized (see claim 6).
[0009]
Also, if the rotating shaft with the blades fixed is supported by changing the height in the rotating drum, the rotating blades can be moved up and down according to the size of the peanuts, The distance between the tip of the blade and the inner wall of the drum can be gradually reduced by the steps of loading, exiting from the actual drum, and discharging the peeled skin, and the distance can be adjusted according to the working conditions. There is an advantage (see claim 7).
[0010]
[Effect of the present invention]
As a result of being able to extract fruits without damaging the embryo and thin skin, there is an advantage that high-quality fruits (seed) can be obtained.
Note that this apparatus can be used to peel beans other than peanuts, and can also be used to peel roasted peanuts. In the latter case, if the distance between the blades and the inner wall of the drum is made smaller, it can be expected that the roasted peanuts will also be peeled off simultaneously.
[0011]
[Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a schematic left side view for illustrating the arrangement of members constituting the apparatus 10 according to the present invention, and a case will be described in which peanuts are peeled and fruits are taken out.
This device 10 includes a drum 2 for feeding peanuts, a plurality of rollers 3 and 3 for supporting and rotating the drum 2 from the outside, and an impeller 4 that rotates faster in the same direction as the drum within the drum 2 (FIG. 1). The hopper 5 for supplying peanuts to the drum, and a separation device 6 for separating the peanuts that have fallen below the drum 2 from the skin, are supported by the base 1. Yes. The separation device 6 is composed of an endless conveying belt 7 having a traveling surface obliquely downward and a blow device 8.
In addition, about the drive means of these members, illustration is abbreviate | omitted.
[0012]
The rotating drum 2 has a configuration in which a rubber protective layer 22 is provided inside a metal cylindrical wall 21, and a plurality of holes 23 and 24 communicating with each other are formed in both the cylindrical wall 21 and the protective layer 22. is doing.
In this embodiment, the hole 23 in the cylindrical wall is larger than the hole 24 in the protective layer, and the opening edge of the hole 24 is exposed from the hole 23 (see FIGS. 2 and 3).
[0013]
The drum 2 has a segment 20 having a configuration in which a rubber sheet 22a is adhered to the inside of a metal plate having a partial arc-shaped short edge divided into six in the circumferential direction and having a length substantially equal to the length of the drum 2. The combination form is adopted. In other words, both side edges 25, 25 of each segment are bent outward, a connecting metal fitting 26 having a bolt hole and a rubber sheet 22b attached inside is interposed between the side edges 25, 25, and the side edges 25, 25 The drum 2 is formed by assembling the segments 20 and 20 by fitting the stoppers 27 having a U-shaped cross section on the outer side and fixing the stoppers 27 and the connecting brackets 26 with bolts 28.
[0014]
The segments 20 and 20 may adopt a configuration in which the side edges 25 and 25 are fixed directly using bolts or the like, that is, without using the connecting metal fitting 26 and the stopper metal 27.
Of course, you may employ | adopt the structure which forms a protective layer by sticking a rubber sheet directly inside a cylindrical wall surface.
[0015]
The drum 2 has a small-diameter step portion 11 formed on the outer side of the cylindrical wall 21 before and after the drum 2, and three rollers 3 and 3 pivotally supported on the base 1 are arranged on the outer side of the drum 2. It is supported rotatably.
The drum 2 can be rotated by rotating at least one of the rollers 3 and 3 as a drive wheel and rotating the roller 3. In this embodiment, the driving rollers are arranged at the front and rear and are rotated at a constant speed.
The drum can also be rotated by arranging a rotating shaft outside the drum and connecting the rotating shaft and the edge of the drum with a connecting member. In this case, however, the supply of peanut into the drum Will be done intermittently.
[0016]
The impeller 4 is constituted by a rotation shaft 31 disposed substantially coaxially with the rotation center axis of the drum in the drum 2 and a blade 32 fixed thereto. The space between the tip of the blade and the protective layer inside the drum is arranged to be slightly smaller than the cross-sectional diameter (short diameter) of the peanut.
The blade 32 is composed of a pair of arms 34, 34 planted from the mounting bracket 33 with a 180 ° interval and a rubber plate 35 mounted on the tip of the arm. A plurality of the mounting brackets 34 are mounted on the rotation shaft 31, and the adjacent arms 34, 34 are sequentially shifted by 60 ° in the counter-rotating direction, and the rubber plates 35a, 35b, 35c are spiral. It is in a state that is positioned in.
[0017]
The arm 34 is planted obliquely on the mounting bracket 33 so as to face the direction opposite to the rotation direction, and the rubber plate 35 attached to the tip of the arm 34 forms an acute angle toward the wall surface of the drum 2. Yes. Further, each rubber plate 35 is inclined laterally toward the skin discharge side, so that the peeled peanuts are gradually moved to the discharge side and peeled off.
The blade 32 may be configured to peel peanuts using elasticity, and the arm 34 may be upright from the rotation axis, and only the rubber plate 35 at the tip may be inclined backward.
[0018]
The hopper 5 is constituted by a box 12 arranged at the top of the base 1 and a guide pipe 13 for guiding the peanuts put therein into the rotating drum 2.
The hopper 5 is not essential, and peanuts may be supplied manually.
Since the impeller 4 rotates faster than the drum 2, the peanuts supplied into the drum 2 are pressed against the protective layer 22 on the inner wall of the drum from the rear side by the rubber plate 35 at the tip of the blade and peeled off. The fruit that has escaped from the skin passes through the holes 23 and 24 together with fine pieces of skin and is discharged from the drum 2, and large pieces of skin are discharged from the other end of the drum 2.
[0019]
Below the drum 2, an endless belt 7 that conveys fruit and fine skin fragments discharged from the holes 23 and 24 of the drum 2 is disposed.
This device has a running surface 41 in a diagonally downward direction (downward right in FIG. 1). Under the running surface 41, four rolling rollers 44 are supported from the rotation shaft 42 to the tip. A vibration applying device 45 having an arm 43 protruding is disposed. As the rotation shaft 42 rotates, the roller 44 comes into contact with the running surface 41 of the belt to apply vibrations, Is intermittently floating in the air.
When air is discharged from the blowing device 8 arranged on the front side of the belt 7, the light skin debris floated on the running surface 41 is blown to the upper side of the running surface 41 of the belt, and only heavy fruit remains on the belt. It is conveyed and falls from the lower end side of the belt 7, and the peanuts can be separated from the skin and collected.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic left side view of a peeling apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a left side view showing a part of a rotary drum in cross section. FIG. 3 is a front view of the peeling apparatus according to the present invention. Explanation】
1 base, 2 rotation drum, 3 rotation drum support roller, 4 impeller, 5 hopper, 6 separation device, 7 endless conveyor belt, 8 blow device, 10 skin peeling device,
11 small diameter step, 12 box frame, 13 guide pipe, 20 segments,
21 cylinder wall of the rotating drum, 22 protective layer, 23 hole in the cylindrical wall, 24 hole in the protective layer,
25 segment side edges, 26 connecting brackets, 27 retaining brackets, 31 rotation shafts,
32 blades, 33 mounting bracket, 34 arm, 35 rubber plate, 41 belt running surface, 45 vibration applying device

Claims (7)

It consists of a cylindrical rotating drum and a rotating blade that is placed inside the drum and presses the beans against the drum wall to peel the skin and a means for discharging the peeled skin. An elastic protective layer is provided inside the rotating drum, A bean skinning device in which the tip of each blade is formed of a rubber elastic body and is inclined backward to rotate the rotating blade in the same direction as the rotating drum. 2. The bean skinning device according to claim 1, wherein the rotating drum is inclined so that the discharge side of the skin is lowered. The bean skinning device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tip of each blade is inclined laterally toward the skin discharge side. 4. The bean skinning device according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein each blade is fixed at a position displaced in a spiral direction along the rotation axis. The bean skinning device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a through-hole for allowing the fruit to escape is provided on the wall surface of the rotating drum. The bean skinning device according to claim 5, wherein the diameter of the hole of the elastic protective layer is smaller than the hole of the cylindrical wall of the drum. The bean skinning device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a rotating shaft to which a blade is fixed is pivotally supported by changing a height in a rotating drum.

Images