JP3916325B2 - Grout material - Google Patents
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- JP3916325B2 JP3916325B2 JP19134198A JP19134198A JP3916325B2 JP 3916325 B2 JP3916325 B2 JP 3916325B2 JP 19134198 A JP19134198 A JP 19134198A JP 19134198 A JP19134198 A JP 19134198A JP 3916325 B2 JP3916325 B2 JP 3916325B2
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- grout material
- grout
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/70—Grouts, e.g. injection mixtures for cables for prestressed concrete
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、土木、建築分野で使用されるグラウト材料に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術とその課題】
従来から、グラウト材料としては、セメントに減水剤を加えたものが一般的であり、さらに、カルシウムサルフォアルミネート系又は生石灰系の膨張材や、アルミ粉等の発泡剤を添加し無収縮材とし、これらに川砂や珪砂などを配合したものが知られている。
【０００３】
近年、土木、建築構造物に使われるコンクリートの品質が高性能化し、グラウト材料に要求される性能が高度化してきている。
グラウトには、ＰＣグラウト、プレパックドコンクリート用グラウト、トンネルやシールドの裏ごめグラウト、プレキャスト用グラウト、構造物の補修や補強注入グラウト、鉄筋継ぎ手グラウト、橋梁の支承下グラウト、機械台座下グラウト、舗装版下グラウト、軌道スラブ下グラウト、及び原子力発電所原子炉格納容器下グラウト等がある。そして、コンクリートの高強度化が進んできたため、用途によっては、グラウト材料の高強度化が必要となり、28日材齢で 80N/mm2以上の圧縮強度を有する高強度グラウト材料が必要となってきている（日本建築学会大会学術講演概要集、1995年５月、p625）。
【０００４】
本発明者は前記課題を解決すべく種々検討を重ねた結果、特定の骨材を使用することにより、前記課題が解決できる知見を得て本発明を完成するに至った。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
即ち、本発明は、セメントと、膨張材と、シリカフュームと、金属粉末と、ウスタイトと非晶質珪酸塩含有の骨材とを含有してなるグラウト材料であり、さらに、減水剤を含有してなる該グラウト材料であり、膨張材が、カルシウムサルフォアルミネート系膨張材である該グラウト材であり、膨張材が、セメント 100 重量部に対して、３〜 20 重量部である該グラウト材であり、シリカフュームが、セメント100重量部に対して、３〜20重量部である該グラウト材料であり、金属粉末が、アルミニウム粉末である該グラウト材料であり、金属粉末が、セメント 100 重量部に対して、 0.0001 〜 0.01 重量部である該グラウト材であり、セメント／骨材比が、１／ 0.5 〜１／３である該グラウト材であり、減水剤が、セメント 100 重量部に対して、 0.1 〜５重量部である該グラウト材であり、該グラウト材料と水とを混練してなるモルタルであり、水が、セメント 100 重量部に対して、 20 〜 50 重量部である該モルタルである。
【０００６】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
【０００７】
本発明で使用するスピネルとフォルステライト含有の骨材（以下本骨材という）とは、真比重の高いスピネル(MgO・Al2O3)とフォルステライト (2MgO・SiO2) とを成分として含有する骨材である。
具体的には、例えば、フェロクロム等の特殊鋼を製造する際に発生するスラグを、高温の溶融状態から冷却して得たものが使用可能である。
本骨材は、フレッシュモルタルの流動性を向上し、水／セメント比を低減するだけでなく、骨材成分のスピネルやフォルステライトのセメントとの付着性が良好であるため高強度の硬化体を得るものである。
本骨材の粒径は５mm以下であり、狭い箇所に充填する場合は、例えば、１mm以下の細かい骨材が使用される。
また、本骨材の真比重は、通常の骨材の真比重 2.6〜2.7 と比べ、2.8 以上と高く、それにより強度発現性が大きい。
セメント／本骨材比は特に限定されるものではなく、通常は１／0.5 〜１／３の範囲で使用される。
【０００８】
本発明で使用される膨張材としては、カルシウムサルフォアルミネート系や生石灰系の膨張材があるが、本骨材との付着性の面からカルシウムサルフォアルミネート系の膨張材を使用することが好ましい。
膨張材の粒度は、ブレーン比表面積2,000cm2/g以上が好ましい。2,000cm2/g未満ではブリーディングが生じやすいだけでなく、膨張破壊するおそれがある。
膨張材の使用量は、セメント 100重量部に対して、３〜20重量部が好ましく、５〜15重量部がより好ましい。３重量部未満では膨張量が極めて少なくなるおそれがあり、20重量部を越えると膨張量が大きくなり、硬化体の破壊に繋がるおそれがある。
【０００９】
本発明では、初期膨張を得るために金属粉末を併用することが好ましい。
金属粉末としては、アルミニウム粉末が代表的であるが特に限定されるものでない。
金属粉末の使用量は、セメント 100重量部に対して、0.0001〜0.01重量部が好ましい。0.0001重量部未満では膨張量が少なすぎ、0.01重量部を越えると膨張量が大きく強度低下が著しくなるおそれがある。
【００１０】
本発明では、流動性の向上と水セメント比の低減のため減水剤を使用することが好ましい。
減水剤としては、β−ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルムアルデヒド縮合物の塩、メラミンスルホン酸ホルムアルデヒド縮合物の塩、リグニンスルホン酸塩、及びポリカルボン酸又はその塩等が挙げられる。また、これらに、オキシカルボン酸又はその塩、デキストリンやショ糖などの糖類などを併用することができる。
減水剤の使用量は、セメント 100重量部に対して、0.1 〜５重量部が好ましい。
【００１１】
本発明では、セメントの水和反応から生じるフリーライムと反応し、カルシウムシリケート水和物を生成し緻密な組織を形成し強度発現に寄与する面から、シリカフュームを使用する。
シリカフューム（以下、活性シリカという）は、合金鉄を製造する際に発生する微粉などである。
活性シリカの使用量は、セメント 100重量部に対して、３〜20重量部が好ましい。３重量部未満では効果が少なく、20重量部を超えても効果の向上が期待できない。
【００１２】
セメントとしては特に限定されるものではないが、普通ポルトランドセメントや早強ポルトランドセメントなどの各種ポルトランドセメント、高炉セメント、フライアッシュセメント、又はシリカセメントの各種混合セメント、並びに、高炉スラグ微粉末に、アルカリ金属の水酸化物、アルカリ金属の炭酸塩、アルカリ金属の重炭酸塩、アルカリ金属の珪酸塩、アルカリ金属の燐酸塩、及びアルカリ土類金属の水酸化物等のアルカリ刺激剤を添加した特殊セメント等が使用可能である。
【００１３】
水の使用量は、セメント 100重量部に対して、20〜50重量部が好ましい。
【００１４】
本発明のグラウト材料の混練り機としては、ハンドミキサー、強制攪拌ミキサー、連続練りミキサー、及び傾胴ミキサー等が使用され、攪拌力が強いものが好ましい。
混練り方法としては特に限定されるものではないが、通常、混練り容器に所定の水を満たした後、セメントと骨材などを添加し混練りする。
生コンプラントでは、セメントと骨材などを混合した後、水を添加し混練りする方法が取られる。
【００１５】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例と比較例を挙げて具体的に示す。
【００１６】
実験例１
ステンレス製容器に、セメント90重量部と、水／セメント比が30％になるように水を投入し、その後、膨張材10重量部、金属粉末 0.001重量部、及び減水剤 2.5重量部を添加し、さらに、骨材 100重量部を投入し、３分間ハンドミキサーで混練し、モルタルを調製した。
調製したモルタルを用いて、J14 ロート流下時間、可使時間、ブリーディング率、及び膨張量を測定し、その硬化体の圧縮強度を測定した。結果を合わせて表１に示す。
【００１７】
＜使用材料＞
セメント ：普通ポルトランドセメント、市販品
膨張材 ：カルシウムサルホアルミネート系、市販品
金属粉末 ：アルミニウム粉末、市販品
減水剤 ：β−ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルムアルデヒド縮合物の塩、市販品
骨材Ａ ：川砂、真比重2.6 、2.5 mm下品
骨材Ｂ ：石灰砂骨材、真比重2.6 、2.5 mm下品
骨材Ｃ ：本骨材、周南テクノクロム社製ＰＳサンド、真比重3.1 、2.5 mm下品
【００１８】
＜測定方法＞
J14 ロート流下値：土木学会規準「膨張コンクリートの設計施工指針」に準拠
可使時間 ：JIS R 5201「セメントの物理試験方法／凝結試験」に準拠
ブリーディング率：JIS A 1123「コンクリートのブリーディング試験方法」に準拠
膨張量 ：材齢１日の初期膨張量、土木学会規準「膨張コンクリートの設計施工指針」に準拠
圧縮強度 ：φ５cm×10cmの供試体を作製し、20℃気乾で１日養生後、水中養生し、JIS A 1108「コンクリートの圧縮強度試験方法」に準拠
【００１９】
【表１】
実験例２
骨材Ｃを使用し、セメント 100重量部に対して、表２に示す活性シリカを使用したこと以外は実験例１と同様に行った。結果を表２に併記する。
【００２１】
＜使用材料＞
活性シリカ：シリカフューム、市販品
【００２２】
【表２】
【発明の効果】
本発明のグラウト材料を使用することにより、従来のグラウト材料と比べ、良好な流動性と強度発現性が得られるという効果を奏する。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a grout material used in the civil engineering and construction fields.
[0002]
[Prior art and its problems]
Conventionally, grout materials are generally cemented with a water reducing agent. In addition, calcium sulfoaluminate-based or quicklime-based expansion materials and aluminum powder and other non-shrinkable materials are added. And what mix | blended river sand, quartz sand, etc. with these is known.
[0003]
In recent years, the quality of concrete used for civil engineering and building structures has become higher, and the performance required for grout materials has become higher.
Grouts include PC grout, prepacked concrete grout, tunnel and shield lining grout, precast grout, structural repair and reinforcement grout, rebar joint grout, bridge bearing grout, machine base grout, There are grouts under paving slabs, grouts under orbital slabs, and grouts under nuclear reactor containment vessels. Since the strength of concrete has advanced, depending on the application, it is necessary to increase the strength of the grout material, and a high-strength grout material having a compressive strength of 80 N / mm 2 or more at the age of 28 days has become necessary. (Abstracts of Annual Meeting of Architectural Institute of Japan, May 1995, p625).
[0004]
As a result of various studies to solve the above problems, the present inventor has obtained knowledge that the above problems can be solved by using a specific aggregate, and has completed the present invention.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention is a grout material comprising cement, an expanding material, silica fume, metal powder, wustite and an amorphous silicate-containing aggregate, and further containing a water reducing agent. The grout material, the expansion material is a calcium sulfoaluminate-based expansion material, and the expansion material is 3 to 20 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of cement. There, silica fume, with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement, are the grout material is 3 to 20 parts by weight, metal powder, a said grout material is aluminum powder, metal powder, 100 parts by weight of cement to The grout material is 0.0001 to 0.01 parts by weight, the cement / aggregate ratio is 1 / 0.5 to 1/3, and the water reducing agent is 0.1 parts per 100 parts by weight of cement. ~ 5 parts by weight A The grout is, Ri mortar der made by kneading a water the grout material, water, relative to 100 parts by weight of cement, is the mortar is 20 to 50 parts by weight.
[0006]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[0007]
The spinel and forsterite-containing aggregate used in the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the present aggregate) contains spinel (MgO · Al 2 O 3 ) and forsterite (2MgO · SiO 2 ) having high specific gravity as components. Aggregate.
Specifically, for example, slag generated when producing special steel such as ferrochrome is obtained by cooling it from a high-temperature molten state.
This aggregate not only improves the flowability of fresh mortar and reduces the water / cement ratio, but also has good adhesion to the spinel and forsterite of the aggregate component, making it a high-strength hardened body. To get.
The particle size of the present aggregate is 5 mm or less, and when filling a narrow portion, for example, a fine aggregate of 1 mm or less is used.
Moreover, the true specific gravity of this aggregate is as high as 2.8 or more compared with the true specific gravity of 2.6 to 2.7 of normal aggregate, and thereby the strength development is large.
The cement / main aggregate ratio is not particularly limited and is usually used in the range of 1 / 0.5 to 1/3.
[0008]
The expansion material used in the present invention includes calcium sulfoaluminate-based and quicklime-based expansion materials, but use calcium sulfoaluminate-based expansion materials from the standpoint of adhesion to the present aggregate. Is preferred.
The particle size of the expanding material is preferably a Blaine specific surface area of 2,000 cm 2 / g or more. If it is less than 2,000 cm 2 / g, not only is bleeding likely to occur, but there is a risk of expansion and destruction.
The amount of the expansion material used is preferably 3 to 20 parts by weight, more preferably 5 to 15 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement. If the amount is less than 3 parts by weight, the amount of expansion may be extremely small. If the amount exceeds 20 parts by weight, the amount of expansion increases, which may lead to destruction of the cured body.
[0009]
In the present invention, it is preferable to use a metal powder in combination in order to obtain initial expansion.
The metal powder is typically aluminum powder, but is not particularly limited.
The amount of metal powder used is preferably 0.0001 to 0.01 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of cement. If the amount is less than 0.0001 part by weight, the amount of expansion is too small. If the amount exceeds 0.01 part by weight, the amount of expansion is large and the strength may be significantly reduced.
[0010]
In the present invention, it is preferable to use a water reducing agent for improving fluidity and reducing the water-cement ratio.
Examples of the water reducing agent include a salt of β-naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, a salt of melamine sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, a lignin sulfonate, and a polycarboxylic acid or a salt thereof. Moreover, oxycarboxylic acid or its salt, saccharides, such as dextrin and sucrose, etc. can be used together for these.
The amount of water reducing agent used is preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of cement.
[0011]
In the present invention, react with free lime resulting from the hydration of cement, contributes surface formed strength development a dense tissue to produce a calcium silicate hydrate, to use silica fume.
Silica fume (hereinafter referred to as activated silica) is a fine powder generated when producing alloyed iron .
The amount of active silica used is preferably 3 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of cement. If the amount is less than 3 parts by weight, the effect is small, and if the amount exceeds 20 parts by weight, an improvement in the effect cannot be expected.
[0012]
The cement is not particularly limited, but various portland cements such as ordinary portland cement and early-strength portland cement, various mixed cements of blast furnace cement, fly ash cement, or silica cement, and fine powder of blast furnace slag are alkaline. Special cements with added alkali stimulants such as metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal bicarbonates, alkali metal silicates, alkali metal phosphates, and alkaline earth metal hydroxides Etc. can be used.
[0013]
The amount of water used is preferably 20 to 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of cement.
[0014]
As the kneading machine for the grout material of the present invention, a hand mixer, a forced stirring mixer, a continuous kneading mixer, a tilting barrel mixer, and the like are used, and those having strong stirring power are preferable.
The kneading method is not particularly limited, but usually, the kneading container is filled with predetermined water, and then cement and aggregate are added and kneaded.
In the green plant, cement and aggregate are mixed and then water is added and kneaded.
[0015]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.
[0016]
Experimental example 1
Into a stainless steel container, add 90 parts by weight of cement and water so that the water / cement ratio is 30%, and then add 10 parts by weight of expansion material, 0.001 part by weight of metal powder, and 2.5 parts by weight of water reducing agent. Furthermore, 100 parts by weight of the aggregate was added and kneaded with a hand mixer for 3 minutes to prepare a mortar.
Using the prepared mortar, the J 14 funnel flow time, pot life, bleeding rate, and expansion amount were measured, and the compression strength of the cured product was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0017]
<Materials used>
Cement: Ordinary Portland cement, commercial product expansion material: calcium sulfoaluminate, commercial product metal powder: aluminum powder, commercial water reducing agent: salt of β-naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, commercial product aggregate A: river sand, true Specific gravity 2.6, 2.5 mm Vulgar aggregate B: Lime sand aggregate, True specific gravity 2.6, 2.5 mm Vulgar aggregate C: This aggregate, PS sand made by Shunan Technochrome, True specific gravity 3.1, 2.5 mm Vulgar [0018]
<Measurement method>
J 14 funnel flow down value: Compliant with Japan Society of Civil Engineers standard “Expanded concrete design and construction guidelines” Usable time: Conforms to JIS R 5201 “Cement physical test method / condensation test” Bleeding rate: JIS A 1123 “Concrete bleeding test method” ”Expansion amount: Initial expansion amount per day of age, compliant with Japan Society of Civil Engineers“ Design Guidelines for Design and Expansion of Compressed Concrete ”Compression strength: φ5cm × 10cm specimen was prepared, and air-dried at 20 ° C for 1 day Cured in water, compliant with JIS A 1108 “Concrete compressive strength test method” [0019]
[Table 1]
Experimental example 2
The same procedure as in Experimental Example 1 was conducted except that the aggregate C was used and the active silica shown in Table 2 was used with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement. The results are also shown in Table 2.
[0021]
<Materials used>
Active silica: Silica fume, commercial product
[Table 2]
【The invention's effect】
By using the grout material of the present invention, there is an effect that good fluidity and strength development can be obtained as compared with the conventional grout material.
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19134198A JP3916325B2 (en) | 1998-07-07 | 1998-07-07 | Grout material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19134198A JP3916325B2 (en) | 1998-07-07 | 1998-07-07 | Grout material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000026150A JP2000026150A (en) | 2000-01-25 |
| JP3916325B2 true JP3916325B2 (en) | 2007-05-16 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19134198A Expired - Lifetime JP3916325B2 (en) | 1998-07-07 | 1998-07-07 | Grout material |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3916325B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002362957A (en) * | 2001-06-12 | 2002-12-18 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Low dust type non-shrink grouting material |
| KR100633081B1 (en) | 2005-03-26 | 2006-10-12 | 한국건설기술연구원 | Anti washout underground material of filling underground cavities with stone-dust and cement, etc. and method of making the anti washout underground material |
| JP5888887B2 (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2016-03-22 | 国立大学法人 東京大学 | Repair material for cracks with water leakage in concrete structures, and repair method for the cracks using the repair material |
| JP6511231B2 (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2019-05-15 | 国立大学法人 東京大学 | Concrete reinforcement structure and its reinforcement method |
| JP7387657B2 (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2023-11-28 | 洋良 松岡 | Lightweight freestanding walls and construction methods for lightweight freestanding walls |
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