JP3890020B2 - 水吸着を用いる燃料プロセッサの迅速な始動 - Google Patents
水吸着を用いる燃料プロセッサの迅速な始動 Download PDFInfo
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- C01B3/48—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0283—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a CO-shift step, i.e. a water gas shift step
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- C01B2203/042—Purification by adsorption on solids
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- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0435—Catalytic purification
- C01B2203/044—Selective oxidation of carbon monoxide
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- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
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- C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
- C01B2203/1604—Starting up the process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
- C01B2203/1614—Controlling the temperature
- C01B2203/1619—Measuring the temperature
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Description
Claims (30)
- 炭化水素系燃料を水素、二酸化炭素、一酸化炭素および水に変換するための一次反応器、
一次反応器出口と流体連通している入口をもつ水性ガスシフト反応器であって、一次反応器からの一酸化炭素の少なくとも一部分を二酸化炭素と水素に変換するのに適する触媒を含む水性ガスシフト反応器、および
一次反応器出口と水性ガスシフト反応器出口の間の流路内に位置する水吸着剤であって、一次反応器からの水の少なくとも一部分を吸着することにより燃料プロセッサの始動時に発熱する水吸着剤
を備える燃料プロセッサ。 - 水吸着剤が水性ガスシフト反応器触媒に散在する請求項1に記載の燃料プロセッサ。
- 水吸着剤の吸着熱が少なくとも42kJ(10kcal)/モルH2Oである請求項1に記載の燃料プロセッサ。
- 水吸着剤の吸着熱が少なくとも84kJ(20kcal)/モルH2Oである請求項1に記載の燃料プロセッサ。
- 水吸着剤がモノリスである請求項1に記載の燃料プロセッサ。
- 水吸着剤と水性ガスシフト反応器触媒の質量比が0.02から0.20である請求項1に記載の燃料プロセッサ。
- 燃料プロセッサの運転停止中に水吸着剤に隣接する空隙から水をパージするための乾燥ガス源をさらに備える請求項1に記載の燃料プロセッサ。
- 水性ガスシフト反応器出口と流体連通している入口をもつ選択酸化反応器であって、水性ガスシフト反応器からの一酸化炭素の少なくとも一部分を二酸化炭素に変換するのに適する触媒を含む選択酸化反応器、および
水性ガスシフト反応器出口と選択酸化反応器出口の間の流路内に位置する第2の水吸着剤、
をさらに備える請求項1に記載の燃料プロセッサ。 - 燃料プロセッサが燃料電池エンジンの一部分であり、燃料電池エンジンが燃料プロセッサにより生成する水素で発電するための燃料電池積層体を備える請求項1に記載の燃料プロセッサ。
- 炭化水素系燃料を水素、二酸化炭素、一酸化炭素および水に変換するための一次反応器、
一次反応器出口と流体連通している入口をもつ水性ガスシフト反応器であって、一次反応器からの一酸化炭素の少なくとも一部分を二酸化炭素と水素に変換するのに適する触媒を含む水性ガスシフト反応器、および
一次反応器出口と水性ガスシフト反応器出口の間の流路内に位置するゼオライト水吸着剤であって、一次反応器からの水の少なくとも一部分を吸着することにより燃料プロセッサの始動時に発熱するゼオライト水吸着剤、
を備える燃料プロセッサ。 - ゼオライト水吸着剤のケイ素とアルミニウムのモル比が5より小さい請求項10に記載の燃料プロセッサ。
- ゼオライト水吸着剤がA型ゼオライトであるか、またはFAU構造を有する請求項10に記載の燃料プロセッサ。
- ゼオライト水吸着剤が、ケイ素またはアルミニウムのいくらかあるいは全てが別の元素で同形置換されている結晶格子を有する請求項10に記載の燃料プロセッサ。
- ゼオライト水吸着剤が水性ガスシフト反応器触媒に散在する請求項10に記載の燃料プロセッサ。
- ゼオライト水吸着剤の吸着熱が42kJ(10kcal)/モルH2Oより大きいか、ほぼ等しい請求項10に記載の燃料プロセッサ。
- ゼオライト水吸着剤の吸着熱が84kJ(20kcal)/モルH2Oより大きい請求項10に記載の燃料プロセッサ。
- ゼオライト水吸着剤がモノリスの形態である請求項10に記載の燃料プロセッサ。
- ゼオライト水吸着剤と水性ガスシフト反応器触媒の質量比が0.02から0.20である請求項10に記載の燃料プロセッサ。
- 燃料プロセッサの運転停止中にゼオライト水吸着剤に隣接する空隙から水をパージするための乾燥ガス源をさらに備える請求項10に記載の燃料プロセッサ。
- 水性ガスシフト反応器出口と流体連通している入口をもつ選択酸化反応器であって、水性ガスシフト反応器からの一酸化炭素の少なくとも一部分を二酸化炭素に変換するのに適する触媒を含む選択酸化反応器、および
水性ガスシフト反応器出口と選択酸化反応器出口の間の流路内に位置する第2の水吸着剤、
をさらに備える請求項10に記載の燃料プロセッサ。 - 燃料プロセッサが燃料電池エンジンの一部分であり、燃料電池エンジンが燃料プロセッサにより生成する水素で発電するための燃料電池積層体を備える請求項10に記載の燃料プロセッサ。
- 始動時に燃料プロセッサを加熱する方法であって、燃料プロセッサは、炭化水素系燃料を水素、二酸化炭素、一酸化炭素および水に変換するための一次反応器、ならびに一次反応器出口と流体連通している入口をもつ水性ガスシフト反応器であって、一次反応器からの一酸化炭素の少なくとも一部分を二酸化炭素と水素に変換するのに適する触媒を含む水性ガスシフト反応器を備え、
一次反応器出口と水性ガスシフト反応器出口の間の流路内に位置する水吸着剤であって、一次反応器からの水の少なくとも一部分を吸着することにより燃料プロセッサの始動時に発熱する水吸着剤を提供するステップを含む方法。 - ゼオライト水吸着剤を提供するステップをさらに含む請求項22に記載の方法。
- 燃料プロセッサの運転停止中に乾燥ガスを用いて水吸着剤に隣接する空隙から水をパージするステップをさらに含む請求項22に記載の方法。
- 触媒を活性化するために水性ガスシフト反応器に空気または酸素を導入するステップをさらに含む請求項22に記載の方法。
- 水性ガスシフト反応器出口と選択酸化反応器出口の間の流路内に位置する第2の水吸着剤を提供するステップをさらに含む請求項22に記載の方法。
- 炭化水素燃料を、水素、二酸化炭素、一酸化炭素および水を含む流出物に変換する一次反応器、ならびに前記一酸化炭素と水の水性ガスシフト反応を促進してさらなる水素および二酸化炭素を生成させる触媒を有する水性ガスシフト反応器を備える燃料プロセッサを始動させる方法であり、
(a)水吸着剤を前記一次反応器に隣接して配置するステップ、
(b)前記流出物を前記吸着剤を通して流して前記水を前記吸着剤に吸着させ、吸着熱を放出させるステップ、
(c)前記吸着熱で前記触媒を加熱するステップおよび
(d)加熱された触媒に酸素を導入して前記触媒を活性化し、前記水性ガスシフト反応を開始させるステップを含む方法。 - 前記吸着剤の吸着熱が少なくとも42kJ(10kcal)/モルH2Oである請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記吸着剤が前記触媒の上流にあり、前記熱が前記流出物により前記触媒に運ばれる請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記吸着剤が前記触媒に散在する請求項27に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US09/853,398 US6835219B2 (en) | 2001-05-14 | 2001-05-14 | Rapid startup of fuel processor using water adsorption |
PCT/US2002/014779 WO2002092215A1 (en) | 2001-05-14 | 2002-05-09 | Rapid startup of fuel processor using water adsorption |
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JP2005500404A JP2005500404A (ja) | 2005-01-06 |
JP3890020B2 true JP3890020B2 (ja) | 2007-03-07 |
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JP2002589129A Expired - Fee Related JP3890020B2 (ja) | 2001-05-14 | 2002-05-09 | 水吸着を用いる燃料プロセッサの迅速な始動 |
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US (1) | US6835219B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3890020B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1246077C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE10296796T5 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002092215A1 (ja) |
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WO2000002644A1 (en) * | 1998-07-08 | 2000-01-20 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Process for the removal of metal carbonyl from a gaseous stream |
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US6103143A (en) * | 1999-01-05 | 2000-08-15 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Process and apparatus for the production of hydrogen by steam reforming of hydrocarbon |
US6692545B2 (en) * | 2001-02-09 | 2004-02-17 | General Motors Corporation | Combined water gas shift reactor/carbon dioxide adsorber for use in a fuel cell system |
-
2001
- 2001-05-14 US US09/853,398 patent/US6835219B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-05-09 DE DE10296796T patent/DE10296796T5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-05-09 WO PCT/US2002/014779 patent/WO2002092215A1/en active Application Filing
- 2002-05-09 CN CN02809950.8A patent/CN1246077C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-05-09 JP JP2002589129A patent/JP3890020B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20020168306A1 (en) | 2002-11-14 |
DE10296796T5 (de) | 2004-04-22 |
US6835219B2 (en) | 2004-12-28 |
CN1509205A (zh) | 2004-06-30 |
CN1246077C (zh) | 2006-03-22 |
WO2002092215A1 (en) | 2002-11-21 |
JP2005500404A (ja) | 2005-01-06 |
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