JP3843544B2 - Waterproofing method for underground structures - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a method for constructing a concrete underground structure by excavating the inside of a retaining wall built in the ground and placing concrete on the inside of the wall surface and bottom surface of the retaining wall exposed by excavation. The present invention relates to a waterproofing method that is suitably applied and prevents the structure from being soiled or deteriorated due to water such as groundwater entering through a crack or a poorly filled portion generated in a concrete frame of an underground structure.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, underground structures such as cracks and poorly filled parts in the concrete frame have been introduced into the structure to prevent groundwater and other water from entering the structure, thereby preventing structural contamination and deterioration of the equipment and equipment. Various waterproofing measures are taken to achieve this. As one of the waterproof measures, a waterproof construction method is known in which a waterproof layer for blocking water intrusion is formed on the outer wall of an underground structure. In this waterproofing construction method, as a waterproof layer is formed, construction methods such as asphalt waterproofing, sheet waterproofing, and waterproofing of coating films have been performed.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, as described above, in the waterproofing method in which a waterproof layer is formed on the outer wall of the underground structure, when the underground structure is constructed by open excavation, or sufficient work space is secured outside the underground structure. However, this method is suitable for the construction of underground structures by excavating the inside of the retaining wall built in the ground and placing concrete inside the wall of the retaining wall and the bottom of the excavation. Therefore, it was not suitable for forming a waterproof layer on the wall of the retaining wall or the bottom of the excavation. That is, when the underground structure is constructed by open excavation, or when a sufficient working space can be secured outside the underground structure, the underground structure that is formed smoothly by a formwork or the like Since the waterproof layer can be directly formed on the outer wall surface of the glass, there has been no major problem even if the conventional waterproofing method such as asphalt waterproofing, sheet waterproofing, and coating film waterproofing as described above is applied. On the other hand, in the construction method in which the underground structure is constructed by excavating the inside of the retaining wall and placing concrete on the inside of the wall or bottom of the retaining wall, a waterproof layer is formed directly on the outer wall of the underground structure. For this reason, a waterproof layer had to be formed on the wall surface of the earth retaining wall and the bottom surface of the excavation, which are usually rough and rough because of including earth and sand. When conventional waterproofing methods such as asphalt waterproofing, sheet waterproofing, and coating film waterproofing are applied to the wall of the retaining wall and the bottom of excavation, problems such as breakage and cracks occur in the waterproof layer, resulting in structural damage and durability. It was not possible to sufficiently prevent the deterioration of the property and the malfunction of the equipment.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to excavate the inside of a retaining wall built in the ground and place concrete on the inside of the wall surface and bottom of the excavating wall. Even when building a concrete underground structure, the underground structure can form a waterproof layer between the retaining wall and the underground structure that does not cause defects such as breakage and cracks. It is to provide a waterproof construction method.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Wherein is a purpose waterproofing construction method of underground construction according to the present invention in order to achieve, by drilling inwardly earth retaining wall constructed in the ground, wall or drilling該土Tomekabe having exposed irregularities by drilling In a method of constructing a concrete underground structure by placing concrete inside the bottom surface,
After excavation, when placing the concrete, a waterproof sheet having extensibility formed by using a waterproof material based on a reinforcing cloth material made of a fiber material is disposed on the wall surface of the earth retaining wall and the bottom surface of the excavation. to form a waterproof layer and, the waterproof layer, Ri Do from cementitious hydration composition swells while absorbing water generated water and hydration to be entering through the waterproof layer It is characterized by forming a water- stopping layer that stops water.
[0006]
In such a waterproofing method for underground structures, a waterproof sheet having extensibility formed on the basis of a reinforcing cloth material made of a fiber material is disposed as a waterproof layer on the wall surface or excavation bottom surface of the retaining wall, so that the toughness Can form a strong waterproof layer, and even if the wall surface and excavation surface of the retaining wall are rough and rough, the waterproof layer can be extended and adhered to the wall surface and bottom surface of the excavation wall Therefore, it can be satisfactorily interposed between the wall surface of the retaining wall or the bottom surface of the excavation and the underground structure without causing defects such as cracks and cutting. In addition, since a water-stopping layer made of a cement-based hydrating composition is formed in the waterproof layer, it is possible to prevent the intrusion by absorbing water such as groundwater that is about to enter the underground structure by a hydration reaction. it can. Further, if the water blocking layer is formed outside the waterproof layer, it is possible to protect the waterproof layer from welding sparks such as gas welding and arc welding during construction, and to prevent the occurrence of problems such as sparks.
[0007]
In addition, when the waterproof sheet is disposed, if the waterproof layer is integrally formed in advance on the surface of the waterproof sheet, the waterproof layer and the waterproof layer can be collectively formed, thereby saving labor. Can be achieved.
[0008]
Moreover, if the said waterproof sheet is formed using the rubber asphalt type material for the said waterproof material, the waterproof layer excellent in waterproofness can be formed.
[0009]
Moreover, if the said water stop layer is formed using a polymer cement in the said cementitious hydration reactive composition, the water stop layer excellent in water stop can be formed.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the waterproofing method for underground structures according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0011]
The underground structure waterproofing method according to the present invention excavates the inside of the retaining wall built in the ground, and casts concrete using the wall surface and the excavated surface exposed by the excavation as a formwork surface, and the retaining wall This is a method of constructing a concrete underground structure inside, especially after excavating the inside of the retaining wall and before placing concrete, waterproof sheets on the wall of the retaining wall and the concrete placing surface of the excavated surface Is formed to form a waterproof layer, and a waterproof layer is formed on the concrete placement side of the waterproof layer.
[0012]
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a waterproofing method for an underground structure according to the present invention. The wall surface 4 exposed by excavation of the earth retaining wall 2 constructed in the ground, and the exposed excavation bottom surface 6 are also shown. The place where the waterproof layer 8 and the water blocking layer 10 are formed is shown. The waterproof layer 8 is disposed so as to face the wall surface 4 or the excavation bottom surface 6 of the retaining wall 2, and is provided with a waterproof sheet 12 having a waterproof property adhered by a fastening material such as an adhesive or a fixing screw. It is formed. The retaining wall 2 on which the waterproof layer 8 is formed includes, for example, a soil column wall, a main pile / lateral sheet pile wall, a concrete underground continuous wall, and the like. On the other hand, the water blocking layer 10 is formed on the side opposite to the wall surface 4 side or the excavation bottom surface 6 side of the retaining wall 2 of the waterproof layer 8.
[0013]
Here, the waterproof sheet 12 is formed using a waterproof material, and examples of the waterproof material include rubber asphalt materials, acrylic rubber materials, chloroprene rubber materials, urethane rubber materials, and butyl rubber materials. It is formed by using a rubber material having extensibility such as. In particular, among these, if a rubber asphalt material is used, the waterproof sheet 12 that is inexpensive and excellent in waterproofness can be formed.
[0014]
Further, the waterproof sheet 12 is formed using a waterproof material based on a reinforcing cloth material made of a fiber material. Here, examples of the reinforcing fabric material include polypropylene fiber, vinylon fiber, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber, reester fiber, polyamide fiber, acrylonitrile fiber, rayon and other organic fiber materials, carbon An extensible fabric material such as a woven fabric or a nonwoven fabric made of an inorganic fiber material such as fiber or glass fiber is used. In particular, if a cloth material with an impregnating property such as a nonwoven fabric having a thickness or a three-dimensionally woven cloth is used as the reinforcing cloth material, the reinforcing cloth material is impregnated into the reinforcing cloth material as an emulsion. It is possible to form a strong waterproof sheet 12 rich in properties and excellent in toughness.
[0015]
On the other hand, the water-stopping layer 10 is made of a cement-based hydration reactive composition, swells while water is absorbed by causing a hydration reaction with water and stops the water. Here, as the cement-based hydration reactive composition, for example, polymer cement in which ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) or the like is mixed as a polymer is used. The water-stopping layer 10 is preferably formed in a layered manner by applying a cement-based hydration reactive composition on the surface of the waterproof sheet 12 or the like. Bentonite may be used for the cement-based hydration reactive composition of the water blocking layer 10.
[0016]
Further, the waterproof layer 10 can be formed together with the waterproof layer 8 by providing the waterproof sheet 12 integrally with the waterproof sheet 12 in advance and forming the waterproof sheet with the waterproof layer, thereby saving labor. preferable.
[0017]
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, for the waterproof sheet 12 with a water blocking layer, a cloth material 14 having an impregnation property is used as a reinforcing cloth material, and the waterproof material is impregnated as an emulsion on the upper surface side of the cloth material 14. The waterproof material layer 16 is integrally formed, and the cement-based hydration reactive composition layer 18 is integrally formed by impregnating the lower surface side of the cloth material 14 with a cement-based hydration reactive composition by coating or the like. If formed, the waterproof sheet 12 with a water-stopping layer excellent in unity can be formed, and the waterproof sheet with a water-stopping layer 12 having high toughness and extremely strong can be obtained.
[0018]
Thus, after the waterproof sheet 12 as described above is formed on the wall surface 4 and the excavation bottom surface 6 of the retaining wall 2 to form the waterproof layer 8 and the water blocking layer 10, as shown in FIG. Concrete is cast on the inside to construct a concrete underground structure 20.
[0019]
4 (a) and 4 (b) show a state in which a waterproof sheet 12 with a water blocking layer is disposed on the wall surface 4 of the retaining wall 2 before placing the concrete and after placing the concrete. It shows the state of each. Here, the waterproof sheet 12 with a water blocking layer is disposed by being fastened and fixed, for example, by being fixed with a fixing screw 24 to a core material 22 such as I-shaped steel embedded in the retaining wall 2. Is. The fixing screw 24 of the waterproof sheet with waterproof layer 12 is fixed at a fixing position by a waterproofing material 26, and the head of the fixing screw 24 is covered and protected.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 4A, before the concrete 30 is placed, a gap 28 is formed between the wall surface 4 of the rough retaining wall 2 and the waterproof sheet 12 with the water blocking layer before the concrete 30 is placed. Is formed at a plurality of locations. Here, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), when the concrete 30 is placed inside the retaining wall 2, the waterproof sheet 12 with the water blocking layer receives pressure from the placed concrete 30 to form a void portion. 28 is pushed into the interior. Here, the waterproof sheet 12 with the water blocking layer is formed on the basis of the reinforcing cloth material 14 as described above, and is formed to have excellent toughness and extensibility. Without any cracks, breakage, etc., it can be properly extended to be in good contact with the wall surface 4 of the retaining wall 2 and smoothly interposed between the retaining wall 2 and the cast concrete 30.
[0021]
Moreover, even if the surface of the excavation bottom 6 is uneven and rough, the waterproof sheet 12 with a water blocking layer is good for the excavation bottom surface 6 when the concrete 30 is placed in the same manner as the wall surface 4 of the retaining wall 2. Can be smoothly interposed between the excavation bottom surface 6 and the cast concrete 30 without causing cracks or breakage. In addition, when the concrete 30 is placed on the excavation bottom surface 6, as shown in FIG. 5, a protective mortar layer 32 is formed on the waterproof sheet 12 with a water blocking layer by coating or the like to form a protective mortar layer 32. If adjusted and smoothed, the concrete 30 can be placed well.
[0022]
For these reasons, in the waterproof method, the waterproof layer is formed as a waterproof layer 8 on the wall surface 4 and the excavation bottom surface 6 of the retaining wall 2 and based on a reinforcing cloth material made of a fiber material. Since the waterproof sheet 12 is provided, the tough and strong waterproof layer 8 can be formed, and the properties of the wall surface 4 and the excavation bottom surface 6 of the retaining wall 2 are uneven when the concrete 30 is placed. Even if rough, the waterproof sheet 12 can be extended and brought into close contact with the wall surface 4 or the excavation bottom surface 6 of the retaining wall 2, so that the wall surface 4 or the excavation bottom surface 6 of the retaining wall 2 and the underground structure 20 are The waterproof layer 8 that is less prone to problems such as breaks and cracks can be interposed.
[0023]
In addition, since the water-stopping layer 10 made of the cement-based hydrating composition is formed on the waterproof layer 8, by any chance troubles such as breakage or cracks occur in the waterproof layer 8, or the waterproof sheet 12 with the water-stopping layer is formed. Even when there is a poorly bonded portion on the waterproof material layer 16 side, water such as ground water that is about to enter the underground structure 20 can be absorbed by the hydration reaction to prevent the entry. Furthermore, since the water blocking layer 10 is formed outside the waterproof layer 8, the waterproof layer 8 can be protected from welding sparks such as gas welding and arc welding during construction to prevent fires due to flying sparks or the like. it can.
[0024]
Accordingly, it is possible to prevent as much as possible that water such as groundwater enters the underground structure 20 and causes the structure to be contaminated, deteriorated in durability, and cause malfunction of the equipment. An excellent underground structure 20 can be constructed.
[0025]
Furthermore, when the waterproof sheet 12 without the water blocking layer or with the water blocking layer is disposed on the wall surface 4 or the excavation bottom surface 6 of the earth retaining wall 2, as shown in FIG. It is easy and convenient to install the components while feeding them out sequentially, which is convenient and preferable. And the protective tape 34 for joints is given to the both-sides edge part of the waterproof sheet 12 along a longitudinal direction, and in joining of the waterproof sheets 12, from above the said protective tape 34 applied to the waterproof sheet 12 The joint tape 36 made of the same material as the waterproof material of the waterproof sheet 12, such as rubber asphalt material or butyl rubber material, is preferably attached. In addition, the joining of the waterproof sheets 12 may be performed by an adhesive, or may be performed by heat welding by heating with a pressure cylinder.
[0026]
And when constructing the underground structure 20 by the reverse hammering method, as shown in FIG. 7, according to the construction procedure of the underground structure 20, the waterproof sheet 12 wound in a roll shape is moved from the upper floor side to the lower layer. Follow the construction procedure on the floor side and arrange them while feeding them one by one. On the other hand, in the case where the underground structure 20 is constructed by the forward construction method, the waterproof sheet 12 wound in the form of a roll according to the construction procedure of the underground structure 20, as shown in FIG. These are arranged while being sequentially fed out from the excavation bottom surface 6 side to the upper floor side. If the waterproof sheet is provided in this way, a storage space is not required so much and the waterproof sheet can be easily constructed.
[0027]
By the way, in the said embodiment, although the water stop layer 10 was formed in the single side | surface of the waterproof sheet 12, it is not restricted to this in this invention, The water stop layer 10 may be formed in both surfaces of the waterproof sheet 12. Alternatively, the waterproof sheet 12 may be embedded and formed on the wall surface 4 side or the excavation bottom surface 6 side of the retaining wall 2 of the waterproof layer 8. In addition, the waterproof layer 10 may be provided on the waterproof sheet and constructed together with the waterproof sheet as the waterproof sheet 12 with the waterproof layer, but in the present invention, the waterproof layer 10 is necessarily provided on the waterproof sheet 12 in advance. However, after the waterproof sheet 12 is constructed, it may be provided later.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in the embodiment of the present invention, according to the waterproofing method for an underground structure according to the present invention, a reinforcing cloth material made of a fiber material is used as a waterproof layer on the wall surface or the bottom of excavation having unevenness. Since the waterproof sheet with extensibility formed on the surface is arranged, even if the wall surface or excavation surface of the retaining wall is rough and rough, the waterproof layer can be extended and adhered to the wall surface of the retaining wall or the excavation bottom surface. In addition, a tough and durable waterproof layer can be interposed between the wall of the retaining wall or the bottom of the excavation and the underground structure. Further, Ri Do cement-based hydrous composition waterproof layer, so to form a waterproofing layer to stop water swell while absorbing water caused a try to water and hydration penetration through the waterproof layer It is possible to prevent water such as ground water from entering the underground structure by the hydration reaction and to prevent the intrusion. In addition, if the water blocking layer is formed outside the waterproof layer, the waterproof layer can be protected from welding sparks such as gas welding and arc welding during construction, and problems such as the occurrence of fire due to flying fire can be prevented. As a result, it is possible to prevent as much as possible the occurrence of water contamination such as underground water into the underground structure, resulting in soiling of the structure, deterioration of durability, occurrence of malfunctions in equipment, etc. It is possible to build an underground structure with excellent properties.
[0029]
In addition, when the waterproof sheet is disposed, if the waterproof layer is integrally formed on the surface of the waterproof sheet in advance, the waterproof layer and the waterproof layer can be formed in a lump, and labor saving can be achieved. Cost reduction and construction period can be shortened.
[0030]
Moreover, if the waterproof sheet is formed using a rubber asphalt material as a waterproof material, a waterproof layer having excellent waterproof properties can be formed.
[0031]
Moreover, if a water-stopping layer is formed using a polymer cement in a cement-type hydration reactive composition, a water-stopping layer excellent in water-stopping can be formed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment when a waterproof layer and a water stop layer are formed on a wall surface of a retaining wall constructed underground and a bottom surface of excavation by a waterproofing method for an underground structure according to the present invention. It is.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing an embodiment of a waterproof sheet according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows an example of a concrete underground structure constructed by placing concrete on the inner wall of the earth retaining wall and the bottom of the excavation wall by the waterproofing method for the underground structure according to the present invention. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed embodiment.
FIGS. 4A and 4B are cross-sectional views showing a state before and after placing concrete on the inside of the wall of the retaining wall on which the waterproof sheet is disposed, respectively. is there.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment when concrete is placed on an excavation bottom surface where a waterproof sheet according to the present invention is disposed.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a method for disposing a waterproof sheet according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment in which the waterproofing method for an underground structure according to the present invention is applied to a reverse driving method.
FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment in which the waterproofing method for an underground structure according to the present invention is applied to a forward striking method.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 retaining wall 4 wall surface 6 excavation bottom surface 8 waterproof layer 10 still water layer 12 waterproof sheet 14 reinforcing fabric material 20 underground structure 30 concrete

Claims (4)

In the method of constructing a concrete underground structure by excavating the inside of the retaining wall constructed in the ground, and placing concrete on the inner wall of the retaining wall and the bottom of the excavation having the unevenness exposed by the excavation,
After excavation, when placing the concrete, a waterproof sheet having extensibility formed by using a waterproof material based on a reinforcing cloth material made of a fiber material is disposed on the wall surface of the earth retaining wall and the bottom surface of the excavation. to form a waterproof layer and, the waterproof layer, Ri Do from cementitious hydration composition swells while absorbing water generated water and hydration to be entering through the waterproof layer A waterproofing method for underground structures, characterized by forming a water- stopping layer that stops water. 2. The waterproofing method for an underground structure according to claim 1, wherein the waterproof layer is integrally formed in advance on the surface of the waterproof sheet when the waterproof sheet is disposed. The waterproof structure for an underground structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the waterproof sheet is formed using a rubber asphalt material as the waterproof material. The waterproofing method for an underground structure according to claim 1, wherein the water blocking layer is formed using polymer cement in the cement-based hydration reactive composition.

Images