KR100956144B1 - High elastic composite waterproof sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a high elastic composite waterproof sheet and a waterproofing method of the tunnel using the same, the high elastic composite waterproof sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention is a large area drainage nonwoven fabric layer, the wing portion of the nonwoven layer for drainage edge A high elastic waterproof film layer laminated on one surface of the drainage nonwoven fabric layer to have a smaller area than the area of the drainage nonwoven fabric layer, disposed on at least one of the wing parts, and the high elastic waterproof film layer and the self-supporting poly It may include a meniscus for drainage connected with urethane tape.

By overlapping the wing portion of the high elastic composite waterproof sheet according to this configuration, the shotcrete layer is fixed by using a fastener and taped with a self-adhesive polyurethane tape, so that the tunnel waterproof layer can be easily formed by a one-step process, and is spaced at regular intervals. A receptive meniscus can be arranged to induce smooth drainage.

High elastic composite waterproof sheet, half moon pipe, tunnel, self-adhesive polyurethane tape

Description

High elastic composite waterproof sheet and waterproof method of tunnel using same {HIGH ELASTIC COMPOSITE WATERPROOF SHEET}

The present invention relates to a high elastic composite waterproof sheet and a waterproofing method of the tunnel using the same, and more particularly, the present invention can be used to construct a non-woven fabric and a waterproof sheet at a time by using a high elastic composite waterproof sheet, fear of breaking of the waterproof sheet The present invention relates to a highly elastic composite waterproof sheet capable of securing drainage characteristics of a nonwoven fabric for drainage and a tunnel waterproofing method using the same.

In recent years, the construction of highways, high-speed railways, subways, subsea tunnels, etc. has been rapidly increasing, the construction of tunnels is increasing rapidly.

In general, such a tunnel construction method includes a conventional method (ASSM method, American Steel Support Method), NATM method, TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) method, immersion method.

Among these methods, the NATM method is the most common because most of the domestic soil is composed of rock.

The NATM method is described schematically, first of which consists of tunnel drilling and excavation, primary shotcrete laying, rock bolting construction, secondary shotcrete laying, waterproofing layer laying, lining concrete laying, and tile finishing.

In particular, the waterproofing layer construction is performed to prevent groundwater penetrating into the lining concrete to corrode or deteriorate the concrete.

This waterproof layer was formed by fixing the permeable nonwoven fabric to the shotcrete on the tunnel excavation surface with Lantel and then heat-sealing and attaching a waterproof film or sheet having excellent waterproofness and durability such as EVA, ECB, PVC to the nonwoven surface. .

However, such a waterproof layer construction method has a problem in that the construction is complicated and time-consuming and labor-intensive because the non-woven fabric is first fixed to the lantel, and secondly, the heat-resistant film or sheet is attached to the lantel.

In addition, such a waterproof layer has a problem that can not be identified without the cracks penetrating through the concrete lining, even if the leak occurs, when the concrete lining was able to burst the waterproof sheet around the lantel by pressure well.

In addition, the existing waterproof film or sheet has problems such as bonding with the base material, durability, elasticity that can be adapted to the thermal behavior of the base material, reactivity with heavy metal contaminated water.

In addition, the drainage nonwoven fabric is used to induce the drainage of the tunnel by using the internal space, but after a long time by the calcium hydroxide generated from the shotcrete, the catchment space may be blocked and there is a lot of bending on the shotcrete surface so that the drainage flow is increased. There is a problem that the cause of the defect by increasing the water pressure is not smooth.

In addition, if a rigid sheet is used to prevent the curved shape of the curved shotcrete surface, the sheet may burst due to pressure during concrete lining.

In addition, even in the subway construction, even if the leakage is prevented by using the sealing material in heterogeneous joints, such as tunnel section and box section, there is a problem that does not overcome the shrinkage expansion according to the season of the concrete and peel off before the leak.

Therefore, the present invention was created in order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention, a high elastic composite waterproof sheet and a tunnel using the same can provide a tunnel waterproofing layer is maintained even in a long time use and drainage function To provide a waterproof method.

In addition, the object of the present invention is to increase the bonding to the base material of the foreign material, the non-woven fabric layer and the waterproof sheet can be constructed at once, the elasticity, the line that can cope with the shrinkage expansion behavior according to the season of the base material It is to provide a high elastic composite waterproof sheet and a tunnel waterproofing method using the same, which can not be broken when ning concrete is poured and has a durability against self-load for a long time, and can provide an environmentally friendly tunnel waterproof layer.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a highly elastic composite waterproof sheet and a tunnel waterproofing method using the same, which is easy to maintain the tunnel waterproof layer, and can be almost prevented from leaking in the joint between the waterproof sheet.

The high-elastic composite waterproof sheet according to the present invention for achieving the above object on the one surface of the drainage nonwoven layer to have a non-woven layer for drainage of a predetermined area, and the wing portion of the nonwoven layer for drainage on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the sheet. It characterized in that it comprises a high elastic waterproof film layer laminated on a smaller area than the area of the drainage nonwoven fabric layer,

It may be disposed on at least one of the wings, and may comprise a menstrual pipe for drainage connected with the highly elastic waterproof film layer and a self-adhesive polyurethane tape.

As described above, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the non-woven fabric layer and the waterproof sheet layer installation process may be integrated using a self-adhesive polyurethane tape between the high elastic composite waterproof sheets, and a half moon pipe is installed between the high elastic composite waterproof sheets. It is possible to solve the problem that the drainage path is blocked by calcium hydroxide by forming relatively wide drainage hole, and it is possible to solve the problem that the waterproof layer breaks due to the sheet being torn on the severely curved shotcrete surface. By providing reliable waterproofness at the joints of the box section, it can solve the problem of the leak and reduce the repair cost, and also simplify the complicated construction methods such as Lantel fixing and heat fusion.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic perspective view of a tunnel in which a waterproof layer is formed of a highly elastic composite waterproof sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel of FIG. 1 taken along the line II-II, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of a high elastic composite waterproof sheet according to an embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a conceptual view illustrating a method of forming a tunnel waterproof layer using the high elastic composite waterproof sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 1, in order to perform the waterproofing method of the tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention, first, the excavation is carried out by using an excavation device to the construction site, and if there is a rock or the like, the foundation tunnel (1) To form.

The foundation tunnel 1 formed as described above includes a box section 2 formed at the bottom and a tunnel section 3 formed by excavation above the box section.

The water induced in the self-weight direction along the tunnel section 3 extends in the longitudinal direction (X-axis direction) of the tunnel 1 along the bottom portion of the sidewall of the tunnel section 3, for example, along a joint with the bottom section 2. Including the long drain pipe 5, the tunnel 1 can be drained well so that the water pressure is not large.

 In addition, as shown in Figure 2, the excavation surface of the foundation tunnel (1) is very bent to be suitable for undertaking subsequent waterproofing work, so that the shotcrete to stabilize the excavation surface of the foundation tunnel and smooth the waterproof base surface (Shotcrete) is sprayed to construct a primary or secondary shotcrete layer (10).

 Subsequently, the waterproof layer 30 is constructed to prevent the penetration of groundwater flowing into the basic tunnel 1, and then the concrete lining 50, which is a concrete reinforcement wall protecting the tunnel inner wall, is poured.

The waterproof layer 30 is arranged in the circumferential direction of the tunnel (3) from the ceiling (3) ceiling to the box section (2) to the high elastic composite waterproof sheet 100 on the shotcrete layer 10, the surface It is preferable because the movement is convenient. Of course, the work may be performed in the longitudinal direction (Y-axis direction) of the tunnel 3.

The high elastic composite waterproof sheet 100 has a non-woven drainage layer 110 having a predetermined area, and the non-woven drainage layer 110 so that the wing portions 101 and 103 made of the drainage nonwoven fabric 110 are provided at the edges. Including a high-elastic waterproof film layer 130 laminated on a small area than the area of the drainage nonwoven fabric 110 on the upper surface of the), because it has a high elasticity from the ceiling of the tunnel (3) to the box section (2) along the side wall It can be easily arranged.

 The long elastic wing 103 of the high elastic composite waterproof sheet 100 and the adjacent high elastic composite waterproof sheet 100 ′ overlap each other to form a first joint 32, and using a binding hole 6 such as a nail. It may be fixed to the shotcrete layer 10, and may be finished by taping the high elastic waterproof film layer 130 adjacent to each other with a self-adhesive high elastic polyurethane tape 150.

Since the operation can be performed along the longitudinal direction at the same height as described above, the operation is simple, and the watertightness is completely connected by connecting the adjacent high elastic waterproof film layers 130 with the self-adhesive high elastic polyurethane tape 150 without hot air work. Can provide.

The highly elastic waterproof film layer 130 according to an embodiment of the present invention is preferably environmentally friendly, thermoplastic polyurea having good elongation and tensile strength without reacting with chemicals such as groundwater and releasing heavy metal contaminants. It is preferably composed of a carbon (TPU) film.

In addition to the thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), the high elastic waterproof film layer 130 is a high density polyethylene (HDPE), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer (EPDM) film , Polyethylene film (PE), polyester film, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film can be selected and used.

 The self-adhesive high elastic polyurethane tape 150 has a self-adhesive synthetic rubber layer 150a formed on one surface thereof, and has good adhesion to heterogeneous base materials, and in particular, films of various materials constituting the high elastic waterproof film layer 130. In case of cracking behavior of the base material, which is integrally bonded, the base material may be behaved like the base material to prevent breakage of the waterproof layer, and the waterproof life may be extended by at least five times the wear resistance and watertightness of the general film.

The self-adhesive synthetic rubber layer 150a is formed by uniformly mixing 18% by weight of unvulcanized butyl rubber, 10% by weight of carbon reinforcing agent, 1% by weight of plasticizer, 25% by weight of additives, and 46% by weight of bicarbonate filler.

At this time, the width of the high elastic composite waterproof sheet 100 to less than 1M ~ 2M makes it easy to carry and work with a predetermined elasticity. When the width of the high elastic composite waterproof sheet 100 is 1M to 2M, high elastic composite waterproof sheet adjacent to the high elastic composite waterproof sheet 100 after connecting about 4 to 5 high elastic composite waterproof sheet 100 along the longitudinal direction The meniscus tube 170 may be disposed at the joint portion 32 of the sheet 100 '.

The half moon pipe 170 is composed of only the half moon-shaped elastic body portion 171 of the ECB, VE, or PVC material can be used by cutting pipe pipes of existing various sizes without a separate order production.

The half moon pipe 170 is disposed at a predetermined interval between the high elastic composite waterproof sheet 100 at predetermined intervals and fixed with a flexible steel band along the circumferential direction of the half moon pipe 170, and then the fastener ( 6) can be fixed and finished with a self-adhesive polyurethane tape 150 without hot air work.

In addition, the half moon pipe 170 is a leg portion that supports the body portion 171 and the body portion 171 and faces the high-elastic composite waterproof sheet 130 with iron even without using the flexible steel band separately. 173 may be integrally formed and may be simply fixed with the self-adhesive polyurethane tape 150 along the longitudinal direction of the meniscus tube 170 without the use of steel fasteners.

Since the self-adhesive polyurethane tape 150 is transparent, it can be confirmed from the outside that a leak occurs between the semi-moon tube 170 and the neighboring high elastic waterproof film layer 130.

As shown in detail in FIG. 3, the non-woven fabric layer 110, which is a substrate of the high elastic composite waterproof sheet 100 and secures a drainage flow path while protecting the high elastic waterproof film layer 130, is mixed with the shotcrete layer 10. Compressed nonwoven fabric sheet 113 and drainage nonwoven fabric sheet 111 for preventing the high elastic composite waterproof sheet 110 from being torn when the lining concrete 50 is poured by steel fibers or bends may be laminated. .

In the nonwoven fabric sheet 111 for drainage, it is also preferable to arrange the bundled bundle pipe 111a so that there are a number of continuous linear catchments and drainage spaces so that there is little blockage and strong pressure.

As such, the nonwoven fabric layer 111 having the bundled bundle pipe 111a has a large effective drainage area, provides high elasticity, and sodium hydroxide discharged from the shotcrete layer 10 may not easily prevent the effective drainage area.

In summary, the water flowing into the tunnel 1 flows downward along the nonwoven fabric layer 111 or the meniscus tube 170 to extend the length of the tunnel 1 between the lower sidewall of the tunnel and the box section 2. It is made to be discharged through the drain pipe 5 installed side by side.

The self-adhesive polyurethane tape 150, as described above, in addition to thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), high density polyethylene (HDPE), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer (EPDM) film, polyethylene film (PE), polyester film, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film may be selected and used, and one side of the self-adhesive synthetic rubber layer 150a can be formed.

Now, in the tunnel waterproofing method using a high elastic composite waterproof sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with respect to the joints that can occur a lot of leakage.

5A to 5C are enlarged cross-sectional views of each joint of FIG. 1.

According to the tunnel waterproof method using a high elastic composite waterproof sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5a, the joint between the high elastic composite waterproof sheet 100 and the adjacent high elastic composite waterproof sheet 100 ' (A) is fixed to the shotcrete layer 10 through the nonwoven fabric layer 110 of the high elastic composite waterproof sheet 100 by a binder 7 such as nails, and the like to the material of the high elastic composite waterproof sheet 30. Regardless of the adhesiveness, durability, elasticity, adaptability, all of the taped with self-adhesive high-elastic polyurethane tape 150, there is no need for hot air work and leaks can be completely blocked.

In addition, as shown in Figure 5b, in the joint B, the half moon pipe 170 is disposed between the adjacent high elastic composite waterproof sheet (100, 100 ') simply attached using a self-adhesive polyurethane tape 150 Can be fixed

In addition, as shown in Figure 5c, as in the recent construction of a lot of subway, the lower part of the side wall of the tunnel (1) and made of heterogeneous materials, such as the box section, the joint portion C is connected to the bent portion and the straight portion In the arrangement, after the placement of the menstruation pipe 170 for the use of self-adhesive high-elasticity polyurethane tape 170 may be wrapped around the meniscus tube 170, the bent portion and a straight portion to prevent leakage, such a joint The waterproofing method using the expansion joint member described in Part No. 10-2007-0080252 filed by the present applicant in Part C may be used.

It is composed of heterogeneous materials, such as between the tunnel section of the tunnel and the straight box section, such as subway construction, and because the coupling is not easy, the primer layer 60 is formed on the part where leakage may occur, and the half moon tube 170 is formed. After connecting with a double-sided adhesive or single-sided adhesive butyl rubber tape 45, it can be completely connected using a high elastic polyurethane tape 40 impregnated with a coating material.

In addition, by using the waterproof method using the expansion joint member described in the application No. 10-2007-0080252 and after placing the half moon pipe for drainage, the surface of the half moon pipe wrapped with a self-supporting EPDM rubber sheet and the self-supporting EPDM rubber sheet The upper surface may be finished with a self-adhesive polyurethane sheet impregnated with the coating material.

1 is a schematic perspective view of a tunnel in which a waterproof layer is formed of a highly elastic composite waterproof sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel of FIG. 1 taken along the Y-axis direction; FIG.

Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a high elastic composite waterproof sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention,

4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method of forming a tunnel waterproof layer using a highly elastic composite waterproof sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5A to 5C are enlarged cross-sectional views of each joint of FIG. 1.

Claims (9)

Nonwoven layer for drainage of a predetermined area; And a high elastic waterproof film layer laminated on one surface of the drainage nonwoven layer with a smaller area than the area of the drainage nonwoven layer. Includes; short side and long side wing portion of the nonwoven layer for drainage at the edge; High elastic composite waterproof sheet comprising a half moon pipe for drainage is connected to the wing portion and the high elastic waterproof film layer by a self-adhesive polyurethane tape. delete The method of claim 1, The drainage nonwoven layer is a high elastic composite waterproof sheet made of at least a compressed non-woven fabric sheet and a drainage nonwoven sheet laminated. The method of claim 3, wherein The nonwoven fabric sheet for drainage is a high elastic composite waterproof sheet comprising a bundle bundle. The method of claim 1, The high elastic waterproof film layer, in addition to thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), high density polyethylene (HDPE), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer (EPDM) film, polyethylene film (PE) ), A polyester film, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film is a high elastic composite waterproof sheet used by selecting one. The method of claim 1, The self-adhesive polyurethane tape is uniformly mixed with 18% by weight of unvulcanized butyl rubber, 10% by weight of carbon reinforcing agent, 1% by weight of plasticizer, 25% by weight of additive, and 46% by weight of heavy carbon filler under the thermoplastic polyurethane sheet (TPU). High elastic composite waterproof sheet formed by coating. The method of claim 1, The half moon pipe includes an elastic body formed by cutting a pipe tube made of ECB, VE, or PVC in a longitudinal direction, and is fixed with a hardware band and is taped with the self-adhesive polyurethane tape. In the waterproof method of the tunnel consisting of a tunnel section formed by excavation and a box section connected to the lower side wall of the tunnel section, Disposing the highly elastic composite waterproof sheet according to claim 1 downward along the circumferential direction from the ceiling of the tunnel section; Forming a first joint by overlapping the long side wings of the high elastic composite waterproof sheet and fixing the shotcrete layer to the shotcrete layer of the tunnel by using a binding hole; Fixing at least one half moon tube on the first joint with a hardware band; Taping the half moon pipe with a self-adhesive polyurethane tape to connect with a high elastic waterproof film layer of the high elastic composite waterproof sheet. The method of claim 8, The half moon pipe is waterproof in the tunnel is connected to the own weight direction to collect in a drain disposed along the longitudinal direction at the end of the tunnel section.

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