KR20060134754A - Partial coating waterproof tunnel and there of method - Google Patents

Abstract

A partially waterproof-coated tunnel and a construction method of the same are provided to facilitate the construction regardless of a sectional shape of the tunnel, and achieve a single-cell tunnel structure without requiring lining concrete. A partially waterproof-coated rock tunnel(100) comprises a reinforcing shotcrete layer(110), a water drain member(120), a waterproof coating layer(130), a water drain part, and a waterproof coating layer protection shotcrete layer(140). The rock tunnel is divided into a leaking section requiring waterproofing, and a non-leaking section not requiring waterproofing. The reinforcing shotcrete layer is formed on an inner surface of the rock tunnel. The water drain member is attached to the leaking section. The waterproof coating is formed on the water drain member. The waterproof coating layer protection shotcrete layer is formed on the waterproof coating layer. A construction method for the rock tunnel comprises the steps of setting a waterproof construction area, forming the reinforcing shotcrete layer, attaching the water drain member, forming the waterproof coating layer, and forming the waterproof coating layer protection shotcrete layer.

Description

Partial coating waterproof tunnel and construction method {PARTIAL COATING WATERPROOF TUNNEL AND THERE OF METHOD}

1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a conventional double-cell waterproof tunnel.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal longitudinal cross-sectional view of a conventional double-cell waterproof tunnel.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the drainage member and waterproof sheet fastening of the conventional double-cell waterproof tunnel.

4 to 9 show the construction process of the conventional double-cell waterproof tunnel, and in each drawing (a) is a cross-sectional view cut in the longitudinal direction, respectively (b) in the longitudinal direction,

Figure 4 (a), (b) is a cross-sectional view showing a shotcrete after the tunnel excavation.

Figure 5 (a), (b) is a cross-sectional view showing a process of installing the drain member on the shotcrete wall.

Figure 6 (a), (b) is a cross-sectional view showing a process of installing a waterproof sheet on the drain member.

Figure 7 (a), (b) is a cross-sectional view showing the airtight test process for examining the damage of the waterproof sheet.

Figure 8 (a), (b) is a cross-sectional view showing a process of pouring lining concrete for protecting the waterproof layer.

Figure 9 (a), (b) is a cross-sectional view for explaining the NATM tunnel method which is a tunnel method mainly constructed conventionally.

10 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the waterproof tunnel is cut in the width direction is constructed by a partial film waterproofing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional view of a waterproof tunnel constructed by a partial coating waterproof method according to an embodiment of the present invention in a longitudinal direction;

12 to 15 is a view showing the main portion of the partial film waterproofing method according to an embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 12 is a view illustrating a region of shallow and deep depth regions affected by surface water and groundwater according to depth of rock tunnels. FIG.

13 is a view illustrating a waterproof section in a deep depth region of a rock tunnel.

14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the end structure of the partial coating waterproof layer for preventing the movement and diffusion of water from the waterproof section to the non-waterproof section.

15 is a cross-sectional view showing a drainage structure of the coating waterproof layer.

Figure 16 (a), (b) is a front view and a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a drainage structure for collecting and inducing drainage of the water drained in the tunnel.

Figure 17 (a), (b) is a front view and a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of a drainage structure for collecting and inducing drainage of water drained from the tunnel.

18 to 21 are views showing the process of the partial coating waterproofing method according to an embodiment of the present invention, in each drawing (a) is a cross-sectional view cut in the width direction, (b) in the longitudinal direction, respectively,

18 is a cross-sectional view showing a process of shotcrete after the excavation of the tunnel.

19 is a cross-sectional view showing a process of installing a drain member on the shotcrete wall.

20 is a cross-sectional view showing a process of spraying the coating film waterproof on the drain member.

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a process of shotcreting for protecting a coating waterproof layer; FIG.

Figure 22 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the waterproof tunnel cut in the width direction constructed by a partial film waterproofing method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional view of a waterproof tunnel constructed by a partial coating waterproof method according to another embodiment of the present invention in a longitudinal direction;

24 to 28 are views for explaining a partial coating waterproofing method according to another embodiment of the present invention,

24 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the waterproof tunnel constructed by the partial coating waterproofing method by cutting in the width direction.

25 is a longitudinal sectional view of the waterproof tunnel constructed by the partial film waterproofing method by cutting in the longitudinal direction.

26 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main portion of FIG. 25;

Figure 27 (a), (b) is a longitudinal longitudinal cross-sectional view and a longitudinal longitudinal cross-sectional view of the waterproof tunnel showing a process of forming a waterproof coating film on the second drainage integral waterproof coating.

FIG. 28 is an enlarged sectional view of a main portion of FIG. 27 (b); FIG.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

100: rock tunnel 101: shallow depth area

102: deep depth area 110: reinforced shotcrete layer

120: drainage member 130: coating film waterproof layer

130 ': integral coating film drainage member 130a: primary coating film waterproofing layer

130b: secondary coating waterproof layer 131: water leakage blocking unit

140: waterproof layer protective shotcrete layer 150: drain

151: Merit pipe 152: Drain pipe

153 connector 154 filter medium

180: lining concrete layer C: boundary depth

D1: leaking area D2: soapy area

The present invention relates to a partial coating waterproof tunnel and its construction method, and in particular, by partially waterproofing only the leaked or expected leakage section in the tunnel and preventing the diffusion or movement of water in the unsealed section, the partial waterproofing method in each section in the tunnel It is possible to apply the coating material waterproofing, and it is possible to apply the shotcrete on the surface of the waterproof layer without the lining concrete by allowing the installation of shotcrete on the surface of the waterproof layer regardless of the cross section or shape of the tunnel. The present invention relates to a partial coating waterproof tunnel and its construction method to reduce tunnel construction cost and increase construction efficiency.

In general, the tunnel construction, which penetrates the rocky areas of the mountainous or subterranean core, performs waterproofing to prevent the groundwater and surface water from leaking into the tunnel through discontinuities such as rock joints or cracks. After the shotcrete is placed on the wall, the non-woven fabric and the waterproof sheet are attached to the shotcrete, and then it is constructed as a double-cell tunnel structure in which concrete lining for protection is installed.

1 to 9 are views for explaining a conventional double-cell waterproof tunnel and its construction process, Figure 1 is a longitudinal longitudinal cross-sectional view of a conventional double-cell waterproof tunnel, Figure 2 is a conventional A longitudinal longitudinal cross-sectional view of a dual cell waterproof tunnel is shown, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a nonwoven fabric and a waterproof sheet fastening portion of a conventional double cell waterproof tunnel.

As shown in the drawing, in the conventional double-cell waterproof tunnel, a shotcrete layer 2 is placed on the inner circumferential surface of the excavated tunnel 1, and the non-woven fabric 3 of the water-permeable layer and the resin-based waterproof sheet are disposed on the shotcrete layer 2. 4) is attached to the fastening member 10, on which the lining concrete layer 5 is poured.

4 to 9 show the construction process of the conventional double-cell waterproof tunnel, in each drawing (a) is a cross-sectional view cut in the width direction, (b) in the longitudinal direction, respectively, Figure 4 (a), ( b) is a cross-sectional view showing the shotcrete after the excavation of the tunnel, Figure 5 (a), (b) is a cross-sectional view showing the process of installing a nonwoven fabric on the shotcrete wall, Figure 6 (a), (b) a waterproof sheet on the nonwoven fabric Cross-sectional view showing the installation process is shown, respectively, Figure 7 (a), (b) is a cross-sectional view showing the airtight test process to investigate the damage of the waterproof sheet, Figure 8 (a), (b) to protect the waterproof layer Sections showing the process of pouring lining concrete for each is shown, Figure 9 (a), (b) is shown a cross-sectional view for explaining the NATM tunnel method, which is a tunnel method that is mainly constructed conventionally.

As shown in the related art, the waterproofing method of the conventional double-cell waterproof tunnel places the shotcrete layer 2 on the inner circumferential surface of the tunnel 1 excavated as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b).

Subsequently, the nonwoven fabric 3 of the permeable layer is attached to the shotcrete layer 2 as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b).

Subsequently, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, when the resin-based waterproof sheet 4 is attached onto the nonwoven fabric 3 with the fastening member 10 of FIG. 3, a waterproof film that is a water-impermeable layer having a bulging shape is formed.

At this time, the joint portion of the waterproof sheet 4 is overlapped by 7 cm or more to perform a field joint using an electric special welding machine, and the fastening member 10 has, for example, a washer-shaped landel 11 and a nail 12. This is used, while installing a waterproof sheet 4 over the front of the tunnel (1) to secure a plurality of Landel 11 with a nail 12 to attach the waterproof sheet (4).

Since the deflection occurs due to the heavy waterproof sheet 4 as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b), it is easy to cause damage such as tearing during construction. Therefore, the compressed air is compressed into the waterproof membrane using the compressor 40. Airtight test is carried out to confirm the damage of the joint by spraying.

Then, as shown in Fig. 8 (a), (b) is formed by pouring the lining concrete layer 5 to a thickness of 20cm to 40cm on the waterproof film of the waterproof sheet (4).

Currently, the domestic tunnel method, which is mainly constructed, is NATM tunnel method for reinforcing the tunnel using the shotcrete layer 2 and the rock bolt 30 as shown in FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b). The protection of the waterproof layer is more important than the sharing, and the waterproofing method by the existing waterproof sheet 4 is to be implemented in the form of a double cell tunnel structure in which the lining concrete layer 5 is essential.

In the figure, reference numeral 30 denotes a movable pedestal, and 50 denotes a form for forming the lining concrete layer 4.

In the conventional double cell waterproof tunnel construction method, a non-woven fabric and a waterproof sheet are attached to the inner surface of the rock tunnel to form a waterproof membrane without distinguishing between the leakage zone and the soap water zone of the rock tunnel, and the protection of the waterproof layer on the waterproof layer is achieved. In order to form the lining concrete layer in order to spray compressed air into the waterproof membrane to perform a cumbersome test to confirm the damage of the waterproof membrane, there is a problem that the construction process and procedures become complicated and the construction period takes a long time.

In addition, due to the characteristics of the waterproofing method in which the movement of water freely moves to the entire area outside the waterproof sheet, waterproof construction must be inevitably performed even in areas where water does not occur. Therefore, a lining concrete layer having a thickness of 20 cm to 40 cm must be installed to protect the waterproof layer. Implementing the entire waterproofing work for all the tunnels has not only lowered the construction efficiency and economic efficiency, but also has many problems such as delayed construction time.

 The present invention was devised to solve the above problems and defects as described above, and provides a waterproofing section only in the leaking section inside the tunnel, and blocks the movement or diffusion of water into a soapy section that is not waterproofing. Partial waterproofing tunnel and its construction that makes it easy to install regardless of the various cross sections or shapes of the tunnel by eliminating the inefficiency of waterproofing the entire surface and allowing partial waterproofing by section. The purpose is to provide a method.

In order to achieve the above object, the partial coating waterproof tunnel according to the present invention is divided into a water leakage area that requires waterproofing and an inner circumferential surface of a rock tunnel, and a water-repellent area that does not require waterproofing, and a reinforcement shotcrete layer is formed on an inner circumferential surface of the rock tunnel. And a drainage member is attached to the leaking area, and a coating film waterproofing material is coated on the draining member to form a coating film waterproofing layer, and a drainage part for drainage is installed at both lower ends of the draining member and the coating film waterproofing layer. A waterproofing layer protective shotcrete layer for protecting the coating waterproofing layer is formed.

The rock tunnel is divided into a shallow depth area that is leaked by the surface water effect outside the boundary depth and a deep depth area that is leaked by the groundwater effect inside the boundary depth, and the shallow depth area is divided into the leakage area according to the boundary depth. The deep depth zone is divided into a leakage zone in which groundwater leaks and a non-leakage soap zone.

The coating film waterproofing layer is coated with a drainage member such as a nonwoven fabric, and a coating member waterproofing member integrally formed with a drainage member having a primary coating layer waterproofing layer is attached to the reinforcement shotcrete layer of the leaking area. The coating may be applied to form a second waterproofing layer, thereby forming a dual structure of a first waterproofing layer and a second waterproofing layer.

The coating layer is composed of a shallow depth region, and a leakage blocking portion is formed outside the both ends of the drainage member to prevent the movement or diffusion of water from the leakage region of the deep depth region to the soapy region and bonded to the exposed inner peripheral surface of the tunnel. .

In addition, according to the present invention, a method of constructing a partial coating waterproof tunnel is classified into a shallow depth area leaked by surface water effects outside the boundary depth and a deep depth area leaked by groundwater effects inside the boundary depth according to the boundary depth. In addition, the shallow depth area is divided into a leaking area, and the deep depth area is a watertight construction area setting step of dividing the groundwater into a leaking area and a non-leaking soapy water area, and reinforcing the inner circumferential surface of the rock tunnel. A step of forming a reinforcement shotcrete layer for forming a shotcrete layer, a step of attaching a drainage member to the drainage region of the shallow depth region and a deep depth region, and forming a waterproofing layer by coating a coating film waterproofing material on the drainage member Forming a waterproof layer and protecting the waterproof layer to protect the waterproof layer on the waterproof layer It is configured to include a protective waterproof layer shotcrete layer forming step of forming a concrete floor.

In the coating film waterproofing layer forming step, the coating film waterproofing material is applied to the drainage member at an external factory at the construction site to manufacture a coating member drainage member for manufacturing a drainage member integrated film drainage member in which the primary coating film waterproofing layer is integrally formed. Coating film drainage member attaching the integrated film drainage member to the shallow depth region and the water leakage region of the deep depth region, and coating a film waterproofing material on the integrated film drainage member to form a secondary coating film waterproofing layer. It can also be carried out by the process of forming a coating film waterproof layer which forms the coating film waterproof layer of a dual structure.

As the coating film waterproofing material, it is preferable to use a polytop (POLYTOP) which is supplied by ATEX.

Such a partial coating waterproof tunnel and its construction method according to the present invention is applied because it is applied to a special cross-section, such as a variety of cross-sections and inflection points and spraying type waterproofing method regardless of the working conditions according to the tunnel construction characteristics and uses of the narrow place It is easy and can be installed regardless of working conditions, so it is possible to increase construction efficiency.

 Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention will be described in detail as follows.

10 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the waterproof tunnel constructed by the partial coating waterproofing method according to an embodiment of the present invention cut in the width direction, Figure 11 is a waterproof construction of the partial coating waterproofing method according to an embodiment of the present invention Partial longitudinal sectional view of the tunnel cut longitudinally.

First, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the inner circumferential surface of the excavated rock tunnel 100 is divided into a water leakage area that requires waterproofing and a soap water area that does not need waterproofing, as described below. A reinforcement shotcrete layer 110 is formed on an inner circumferential surface, and a drainage member 120 such as a nonwoven fabric is attached to the leaking area D1, and a coating film waterproofing material is sprayed on the drainage member 120 to spray the coating film waterproofing layer 130. ) Is formed, and the drainage part 150 for drainage is installed at both lower ends of the drainage member 120 and the coating film waterproofing layer 130, and the waterproofing layer for protecting the coating waterproofing layer 130 on the coating waterproofing layer 130. The protective shotcrete layer 140 is formed.

In FIG. 150, the drainage portion formed at the bottom of the coating layer waterproof layer 120 and the waterproof layer protective shotcrete layer 140 is illustrated.

It is preferable to use a polytop (POLYTOP), which is widely used in Attex Co., Ltd. for the coating film waterproofing material, and the polytop is a polyurea elastomer and isocyanate prepolymer A and an amine (Amine) system. It is composed of B agent which is a mixture. When A and B agent are heated, mixed and sprayed on the surface by spraying with high pressure, they are completely adhered instantly and have high tensile strength and elongation performance. An elastic and smooth coating film is formed. In particular, it has excellent abrasion resistance, impact resistance, water resistance, chemical resistance, and can freely control the thickness of the coating film during construction, and shows excellent adhesion to various adhered surfaces such as iron plate and aluminum as well as concrete.

The polytops begin to cure after 3 seconds of spraying and can be cured within 1 minute to walk on top of the coating, and can be applied to ceilings as well as vertical or inclined surfaces.

In order to obtain the best quality in polytop construction, high-temperature, high-pressure collision-mixing spray equipment is required to properly mix agent A and agent B and to paint at a constant volume ratio of 1: 1. It is important to adjust the viscosity appropriately.

In addition, polyurea refers to a polymer material having a urea bond in its molecular structure, which is produced by a chain reaction of an isocyanate prepolymer and a specially mixed polyetheramine. The reactivity of the resin is very fast within 3 to 10 seconds. It is a super fast curing type with a gel-time of (hardening speed is adjustable).

The structural formula of the polytop reaction is shown in Scheme 1 below.

Recently, new technology development and research on this polyurea resin have been actively conducted, and polyurea spray elastomers can be widely applied to various commercial applications according to the purpose of use, and concrete, fiber, wood, foam recoating, etc. Belongs to this application.

The polytop has the excellent waterproofing and rust prevention effect by forming the waterproofing layer of the film completely blocked from the outside, and has excellent tensile strength, elongation rate, high adhesion strength, chemical resistance, abrasion resistance, impact resistance, water resistance, and dissolution safety. It has excellent thermal stability and weather resistance, and can produce elastomers (eg, "soft" to "hard") having various physical properties, and can be widely applied to various commercial applications. It is easy to work because it is not affected by humidity and low temperature, and it is easy to clean the surface.

12 to 15 are views illustrating a waterproof tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention, in FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a region of shallow depth and deep depth areas affected by surface water and groundwater according to the depth of a rock tunnel. FIG. 13 shows a waterproof section setting diagram in a deep depth region region of a rock tunnel.

Before describing the present invention in detail with reference to Figures 12 and 13 to look at the leakage of the tunnel 100 is installed in the rock is a phenomenon in which water is introduced into the rock is stored in the permeable layer as a discontinuous surface, such as joints, cracks, crushing zone Groundwater flows into the tunnel and groundwater flows into the tunnel along the discontinuities.

Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 12, the rock tunnel 100 is divided into a shallow depth region 101 and a deep depth region 102 based on a boundary depth C determined according to a regional characteristic of the tunnel, for example, a depth of 50 m. In the case of the shallow depth region 101 within 50 m of the boundary depth C, the discontinuity surface of the rock is likely to be open to the surface, and thus, it is a leaky region that may be affected by the surface water. In the case of the deep depth area 102 of 50 m or more, the permeability coefficient is low due to the rock density, and only the groundwater stored in the rock flows out along the discontinuous surface, which is a region that can be visually identified for leaks during tunnel excavation work.

As described above, the present invention divides the interior of the rock tunnel 100 into a shallow depth region 101 leaked by the surface water effect and a deep depth region 102 leaked by the groundwater effect according to the boundary depth C. The shallow depth region 101 is divided into a leakage region D1, and the deep depth region 102 is divided into a leakage region D1 through which groundwater leaks and a non-leakage soap region D2. Selecting only the leakage area (D1) of the depth area 102 is characterized in that to perform a partial waterproof construction.

14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the end structure of the partial coating waterproof layer to prevent the movement and diffusion of water from the waterproof section to the non-waterproof section, and FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing the drainage structure of the coating film waterproof layer.

Hereinafter, referring to FIGS. 10 to 15, in the partial coating waterproof tunnel according to the present invention, the interior of the rock tunnel 100 may be shallow due to surface water influence outside the boundary depth C according to the boundary depth C. The depth area 101 is divided into a deep depth area 102 that leaks due to the groundwater effect inside the boundary depth C, and the shallow depth area 101 is divided into a leakage area D1, and the deep depth area is separated. Reference numeral 102 is set by dividing the ground water leakage area (D1) and the non-water leakage area (D2), the reinforcement shotcrete layer 110 on the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel 100, the shallow depth area And a drain member 120 is attached to the water leakage region D1 of the deep depth region 102, and the coat waterproof layer 130 is formed on the drain member 120, and the coat waterproof layer 130 is It is configured by forming a waterproof layer protective shotcrete layer 140 for protecting the coating film waterproof layer 130.

In addition, the coating film waterproofing layer 130 may have a shallow depth region 101 as shown in FIG. 14, and a water diffusion layer D1 of the deep depth region 102 to prevent the movement or diffusion of water from the water leakage region D1 to the soap water region D2. As shown in the drawing, the leakage blocking part 131 is formed to extend outside the both ends of the drain member 120 to be directly joined to the exposed inner circumferential surface of the tunnel 100.

Here, the water leakage blocking unit 131 is preferably formed with a width d in a range of 0.5 m to 1.0 m, and a coating film thickness of 2 mm to 4 mm or more.

The water leakage blocking portion 131 of the waterproof layer 130 is overlapped by coating so that both ends of the drain member 120 are formed to be integrated with the inner circumferential surface of the tunnel 100, so that the water-absorbing region of the deep depth region 102 is formed. D2) to prevent the movement and diffusion of water, and the water discharged from the rock of the shallow depth region 101 and the leakage region D1 of the deep depth region 102 is the drain member 120 inside the waterproofing layer 130 of the coating film. Flow through the drainage layer formed by the lower end of the tunnel 100 flows into the drain 150 installed in the lower end of both sides of the tunnel 100 as shown in Figure 15 is drained to the drain pipe 152.

The drainage part 150 includes a drainage member 120, a coating layer waterproofing layer 130, and a perforated tube 151 having a plurality of holes formed in a main surface inside both bottom ends thereof, and inserted into the drainage member 120. ) Is filled, the lower end of the drain member 120 and the coating layer waterproof layer 130 is bent and attached to surround the perforated pipe 151, a plurality of connecting pipes (between the perforated pipe 151 and the drain pipe 152) 153 is connected.

In the drawings, reference numeral 160 denotes a drainage strip, and 161 shows a connection pipe connecting the drainage strip 160 and the drain pipe 152.

16 (a) and 16 (b) show a front view and a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an example of a drainage structure for collecting and inducing drainage of water drained from a tunnel, and FIGS. 17 (a) and 17 (b) show drainage in a tunnel. A front view and a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing another example of a drainage structure for collecting and inducing drainage of water to be drawn are shown.

In the construction of the rock partial waterproofing tunnel according to the present invention, in order to compensate for the fact that all coated type waterproofing materials can be constructed on the wet surface, the construction is impossible for flowing water. And the construction is performed after the induction drainage means 170 of the normal induction drainage method, as shown in Figure 17, the induction drainage means 170 shown in Figure 16 to puncture the water in the rock of the tunnel 100 Insert a hose or pipe 171 and connect the insertion pipes 171 to the connection pipe 172 to drain to the drain 173, or as shown in Figure 17 the wall surface of the tunnel 100 The water flowing in is applied in the form of attaching the hose pipe 174 in the form of a half moon and connecting the hose pipes 174 to the connection portion 175 to the drainage path 173.

18 to 21 are views showing a process of the partial coating waterproofing method according to an embodiment of the present invention, in each drawing (a) is a cross-sectional view cut in the width direction, (b) in the longitudinal direction, respectively, Figure 18 The cross-sectional view showing the process of shotcrete after the excavation of the tunnel is shown, Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view showing the process of installing the drain member on the shotcrete wall, Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view showing a process of spraying the coating film on the drain member FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a process of shotcreting for protecting a coating waterproof layer.

Hereinafter, referring to FIGS. 10 to 17 and FIGS. 18 to 21, the method for constructing a partial coating waterproof tunnel according to the present invention may have a boundary depth C inside the rock tunnel 100 as shown in FIGS. 12 to 14. And the deep depth zone 102 outside the boundary depth C leaked by the surface water effect, and the deep depth zone 102 inside the boundary depth C leaked by the groundwater effect. The waterproof construction area setting step of setting the ground water to the water leakage area (D1) and the non-water leakage area (D2), and the reinforced shotcrete layer 110 on the inner circumferential surface of the rock tunnel 100 as shown in FIG. Forming a reinforcement shotcrete layer; attaching the drainage member 120 to the shallow depth region 101 and the leakage region D1 of the deep depth region 102 as shown in FIG. 19; 20, the coating film waterproof material on the drain member 110 as shown in FIG. A waterproofing layer protective shotcrete layer forming a waterproofing layer protective shotcrete layer 140 for protecting the coating waterproofing layer 130 on the coating waterproofing layer 130 as shown in FIG. 21; It comprises a forming step.

Hereinafter, the construction of the partial coating waterproof tunnel according to the present invention will be described in more detail. According to the present invention, first, the surface water of the rock tunnel 100 according to the boundary depth C will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13. The shallow depth zone 101 outside the boundary depth C leaked by the impact, and the deep depth zone 102 inside the boundary depth C leaked by the groundwater impact, are divided into the deep depth zone 102. The waterproof construction area is divided into a water leakage area D1 and a non-water leakage area D2.

For example, the shallow depth zone 101 within 50m of boundary depth (C) is likely to be affected by surface water because the discontinuous surface of the rock is likely to be open to the surface, so it may be affected by surface water. In the case of the deep depth area 102 with a boundary depth (C) of 50m or more, the permeability coefficient is low due to the rock density, and only the groundwater stored in the rock flows along the discontinuous surface. It can be identified by the equipment. Therefore, the leakage point of the deep depth area 102 is identified and divided into the leakage area D1 and the soap water area D2.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 18, the reinforcement shotcrete layer 110 is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the rock tunnel 100 by using the conventional shotcrete equipment 20.

After the reinforcement shotcrete layer 110 is formed in this way, water in the tunnel is provided with induction drainage means 170 of the induction drainage method as shown in FIGS. Is carried out.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 19, the shallow depth region 101 set above and the water leakage region D1 of the deep depth region 102 are brought into close contact with the drainage member 120 of the water permeable layer on the reinforcement shotcrete layer 110. Fix it with a fastening member such as

After the high pressure spray on the surface of the drain member 120 by mixing the A- and B-component polyurea elastic material for two-component spraying with the coating film waterproofing material spraying equipment 70 as shown in Figure 20, the coating film waterproofing material is solidified within 2 minutes 130 is formed.

The coating film waterproof layer 130 has a coating film thickness of 2 mm 0.3 0.3 mm as a standard, and the thickness of the coating film is adjusted according to the amount of leakage.

In addition, the coating film waterproof layer 130 is a drainage member as shown in FIG. 14 to prevent the movement or diffusion of water from the shallow depth region 101 and the leak region D1 of the deep depth region 102 to the soap water region D2. The leakage blocking part 131 is formed to extend outward from both ends of the 120 to be directly joined to the exposed inner circumferential surface of the tunnel 100.

Here, the leakage blocking portion 131 is preferably formed with a width d in a range of 0.5 m to 1.0 m, and a coating film thickness of 2 mm to 4 mm or more.

Thus, in the step of forming the coating layer waterproof layer 130, the drainage portion 150 is installed at both lower ends of the tunnel 100 as shown in FIG. 15, so that the shallow depth region 101 and the leakage region of the deep depth region 102 ( Water discharged from the rock of D1) flows through the drainage layer formed by the drainage member 120 inside the waterproofing layer 130 to the lower ends of the tunnels 100 and is collected into the drainage parts 150 at both lower ends of the drain pipe 152. To drain).

At this time, the drainage portion 150 is inserted into the drainage member 120, the coating layer waterproof layer 130 and the air hole pipe 151 formed in the main surface of the plurality of holes in the lower end of both sides into the drainage member 120 and the filter material around Filled 154, the lower end of the drain member 120 and the coating film waterproof layer 130 is bent and attached in a form surrounding the perforated pipe 151, a plurality of connections between the perforated pipe 151 and the drain pipe 152 It is configured by connecting the pipe (153).

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 21, a waterproofing layer protective shotcrete layer 140 for protecting the coating waterproofing layer 130 is formed to have a thickness of 20 mm to 45 mm using the shotcrete equipment 20 to protect the coating waterproofing layer 130. To complete.

22 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the waterproof tunnel constructed by the partial coating waterproofing method according to another embodiment of the present invention by cutting in the width direction, Figure 23 is a waterproof construction of the partial coating waterproofing method according to another embodiment of the present invention Partial longitudinal cross-sectional view shown by cutting the tunnel in the longitudinal direction, the construction of the partial coating waterproof tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 10 to 15 as shown in the reinforcement shotcrete on the inner peripheral surface of the rock tunnel 100 After the layer 110 is formed, the drainage member 120 is attached to the leaking area, and the coating film waterproofing material is sprayed and applied to form the coating film waterproofing layer 130 as a single body so that the waterproofing of the leaking area can be completely blocked. 130) Even if the waterproof layer protection shotcrete layer 140 is formed only with a thickness of 20mm to 45mm, it is possible to completely waterproof the entire inner circumferential surface of the rock tunnel 100, As shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, lining concrete layers 180 may be formed on both sides of the lower side of the rock tunnel 100 as necessary. The lining concrete layer 180 may be formed to increase durability of the wall surface. .

24 to 28 are views for explaining a partial film waterproofing method according to another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 24 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the waterproof tunnel cut in the width direction constructed by the partial film waterproofing method is shown FIG. 25 illustrates a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a waterproof tunnel constructed by a partial coating waterproof method in a longitudinal direction, and FIG. 26 illustrates an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of FIG. 25.

27 (a) and 27 (b) show a longitudinal longitudinal cross-sectional view and a longitudinal partial cross-sectional view of a waterproof tunnel showing a process of forming a secondary waterproof coating on the drainage member integrated waterproof coating, and FIG. An enlarged cross-sectional view of the main portion of b) is shown.

As described above, in the construction of the partial rock waterproofing tunnel according to the present invention, all coated type waterproofing materials can be constructed on a wet surface, but in order to compensate for the impossibility of construction for flowing water, the water points inside the tunnel. As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, a method of constructing the induction drainage means 170 of the induction drainage method and the method of constructing another embodiment as shown in FIGS. 24 to 28 are shown. have.

22 to 25 is a partial coating waterproof tunnel according to another embodiment of the present invention is shallow outside the depth of the boundary (C) that leaks inside the rock tunnel 100 due to the surface water effect according to the boundary depth (C) The depth area 101 is divided into a deep depth area 102 inside the boundary depth C leaked by the groundwater effect, and the deep depth area 102 is leaked area D1 through which groundwater leaks, and is not leaked. It is divided into a soap water area (D2), the reinforcement shotcrete layer 110 on the inner circumferential surface of the tunnel 100, and the coating film waterproofing material is applied to the drainage member 120, the first coating film waterproofing layer (130a) integrally drained The member integral coating film draining member 130 'is attached to the shallow depth region 101 and the leak region D1 of the deep depth region 102, and a coating film waterproofing material is placed on the integral coating film draining member 130'. By coating to form a secondary coating waterproofing layer (130b) to the primary coating waterproofing layer (130a) and secondary The coating film waterproof layer 130 having a double structure of the coating film waterproof layer 130b is formed, and the waterproof film protective shotcrete layer 140 for protecting the coating film waterproof layer 130 is formed on the film waterproof layer 130.

 In the construction method of the partial coating waterproof tunnel according to another embodiment of the present invention as described above with reference to Figure 12 and 14 boundary depth (C) is leaked due to the surface water effect according to the boundary depth (C) in the rock tunnel 100 ) Into a shallow depth region (101) outside, and a deep depth region (102) inside the boundary depth (C) leaked by the groundwater effect, and the deep depth region (102) and a leaking region (D1) where groundwater is leaked; A waterproof construction area setting step of dividing and setting the non-leaking soapy water area (D2), and a step of forming a reinforcement shotcrete layer (110) on the inner circumferential surface of the rock tunnel (100) as shown in FIG. 18; The coating film drainage member manufacturing step of applying the coating film waterproofing material to the drainage member 120 at an external factory in the construction site to manufacture the drainage member integrated film drainage member 130 'in which the primary coating film waterproofing layer 130a is integrally formed; The coating film draining member (130 ') A coating film drainage member attaching step of attaching the integrated film drainage member 130 'to the shallow depth region 101 and the leakage region D1 of the deep depth region 102 as shown in FIGS. And a coating layer waterproofing step of forming a coating layer waterproofing layer 130 having a dual structure by coating a coating layer waterproofing material on the unitary coating layer draining member 130 'as shown in FIG. 27 to form a secondary coating layer waterproofing layer 130b. A waterproof layer protective shotcrete layer forming step of forming a waterproof layer protective shotcrete layer 140 for protecting the coating film waterproofing layer 130 is formed on the coating film waterproofing layer 130 as described above.

In the construction method of the partial coating waterproof tunnel according to another embodiment of the present invention, the reinforced shotcrete layer of the rock tunnel 100 is brought into the construction site by an integral coating drainage member 130 'manufactured at an external factory at the construction site. After attaching to the (110), the process of forming the coating layer waterproof layer 130 of the dual structure by forming a secondary coating layer waterproof layer (130b) by applying a coating film waterproofing material on the surface of the integrated coating film draining member (130 ') at the construction site Except for the other configurations and operations are the same as the above-described embodiment.

Currently, the domestic tunnel method, which is mainly constructed, is NATM tunnel method that mainly reinforces the tunnel with only shotcrete rock bolts as described above. Therefore, the concrete lining is mainly intended to protect the waterproof layer rather than the load sharing. While the present invention is implemented in the form of an essential double cell tunnel structure, the present invention method is a one-piece waterproof type with less deflection, so that shotcrete can be mounted on the surface of the waterproof layer, thereby satisfying both the single cell tunnel structure and the double cell tunnel structure. It can contribute to the development of the construction method, and the existing double cell tunnel structure is difficult to maintain due to the fact that it is impossible to check the leakage point when a defect such as water leakage occurs.However, in the single cell tunnel structure, it is easy to check and maintain the leakage point. Enormous amount of cones because no concrete lining is required Cost savings and shortening due to the placement agent is effective.

In addition, the tunnel construction is easy to construct and can be applied regardless of working conditions because it applies a special cross-section such as various changing cross sections and inflection points and a spraying type waterproofing method regardless of the working conditions depending on the narrow characteristics and uses of the place. It can increase the construction efficiency.

The partial coating waterproof tunnel and its construction method according to the present invention has the advantage that the tunnel waterproofing method can be selectively performed only on the leakage or leakage area for each section of the tunnel compared to the existing waterproofing method.

In addition, since it is a coating type waterproofing method, it can be easily installed without being restricted by the shape of the cross section or the working conditions.

In addition, it is possible to maintain and repair a single cell tunnel structure without concrete lining in tunnel construction.

In addition, there is an economic advantage because the construction period is shortened and the work is partially waterproof because concrete lining is unnecessary.

Claims (12)

The inner circumferential surface of the rock tunnel 100 is divided into a water leakage area D1 that requires waterproofing and a soap water area D2 that does not need waterproofing, and a reinforcement shotcrete layer 110 is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the rock tunnel 100. The drainage member 120 is attached to the leakage region D1, and a coating waterproofing material is coated on the draining member 120 to form a coating waterproofing layer 130, and the draining member 120 and the coating waterproofing layer 130. Drainage part 150 for drainage is installed at the lower end of both sides of the, and the partial coating waterproof, characterized in that the waterproof layer protection shotcrete layer 140 for protecting the coating film waterproofing layer 130 is formed on the coating film waterproofing layer 130 tunnel. 2. The shallow depth zone 101 according to claim 1, wherein the rock tunnel 100 leaks due to surface water influence outside the boundary depth C according to the boundary depth C, and the groundwater effect inside the boundary depth C. The deep depth area 102 is divided into a deep depth area 102, and the shallow depth area 101 is divided into a leak area D1, and the deep depth area 102 is a leak area D1 in which groundwater is leaked and is not leaked. Partial membrane waterproof tunnel, characterized in that divided into a non-soap water region (D2). According to claim 2, wherein the reinforcement shotcrete layer 110 on the inner circumferential surface of the tunnel 100, the coating film waterproofing material is applied to the drainage member 120, the primary coating film waterproofing layer 130a integrally formed drainage member coating film drainage A member 130 'is attached to the leakage region D1, and a coating film waterproofing material is coated on the integrated coating film draining member 130' to form a secondary coating film waterproofing layer 130b, thereby forming a primary coating film waterproofing layer 130a and a secondary film. The coating film waterproof layer 130 having a dual structure of the coating film waterproof layer 130b is formed, and the waterproof layer protective shotcrete layer 140 for protecting the coating film waterproof layer 130 is formed on the film waterproof layer 130. Partial membrane waterproof tunnel. The water coating layer 130 according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the coating layer 130 is formed of a shallow depth region 101 and a water leakage region D2 from a leakage region D1 of the deep depth region 102. Partial film waterproof tunnel, characterized in that the leakage blocking portion 131 is formed to extend to the outside of both ends of the drain member 120 to prevent movement or diffusion bonded to the exposed inner peripheral surface of the tunnel (100). According to any one of claims 1 to 3, The drainage portion 150 drains the hole 120 151 formed in the main surface of the drain member 120, the coating film waterproofing layer 130 and a plurality of holes in the lower end of both sides Inserted into the member 120 and filled with a filter material 154 around the bent, the lower end of the drain member 120 and the coating film waterproofing layer 130 is bent and attached in a form surrounding the perforated pipe 151, the perforated pipe ( Partial coating waterproof tunnel, characterized in that configured by connecting a plurality of connecting pipes (153) between the 151 and the drain pipe (152).  The portion according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lining concrete layer 180 is formed outside the waterproof layer protective shotcrete layer 140 on both lower sides of the rock tunnel 100. Coating waterproof tunnel.  The partial coating waterproof tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the waterproof layer protective shotcrete layer (140) is formed to have a thickness of 20 mm to 45 mm. The partial coating waterproof tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the coating waterproof layer 130 is formed by applying a coating waterproof material which is a two-component spray polyurea elastic material. The partial coating waterproof tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the drain member (120) is a nonwoven fabric. The partial coating waterproof tunnel according to claim 4, wherein the leakage blocking part (131) is formed with a width (d) in a range of 0.5 m to 1.0 m, and formed with a film thickness of 2 mm to 4 mm or more. The depth of the rock tunnel 100 which is leaked by the surface water influence outside the boundary depth C according to the boundary depth C, and the deep depth which is leaked by the groundwater effect inside the boundary depth C. In addition to the area 102, the shallow depth area 101 is divided into a water leakage area D1, and the deep depth area 102 is a water leakage area D1 through which groundwater is leaked, and a non-water leakage area. (D2) the waterproof construction area setting step of setting, the reinforced shotcrete layer forming step of forming a reinforcement shotcrete layer 110 on the inner circumferential surface of the rock tunnel 100, the shallow depth area 101, and deep depth A drainage member attaching step of attaching the drainage member 120 to the leaking area D1 of the region 102, and a coating layer waterproofing layer forming step of forming a coating layer waterproofing layer 130 by applying a coating layer waterproofing material on the drainage member 110; On top of the coating waterproof layer 130 to protect the coating waterproof layer 130 Construction method of a partial coating waterproof tunnel, characterized in that it comprises a step of forming a waterproof layer protective shotcrete layer forming a waterproof layer protective shotcrete layer (140). The shallow depth region 101 outside the boundary depth C that leaks inside the rock tunnel 100 due to the surface water effect according to the boundary depth C, and the boundary depth C that leaks due to the groundwater effect. And a waterproof construction area setting step of dividing the deep depth area 102 into an inside, and dividing the deep depth area 102 into a leakage area D1 where groundwater leaks and a non-leak water area D2. Reinforcing shotcrete layer forming step of forming a reinforcement shotcrete layer 110 on the inner circumferential surface of the rock tunnel 100 and the primary coating film waterproofing layer 130a by applying a coating film waterproofing material to the drain member 120 at an external factory at the construction site A coating film drainage member manufacturing step of manufacturing the integrally formed drainage member integral coating film drainage member 130 ', and bringing the integrated coating film drainage member 130' into the construction site to produce the shallow depth region 101 and a deep depth. Integral to the leak area D1 of the area 102 A coating film draining member attaching step for attaching the film draining member 130 'and a coating film waterproofing layer 130 having a dual structure by forming a secondary coating film waterproofing layer 130b by applying a coating film waterproofing material on the integrated coating film draining member 130'. And a waterproof layer protective shotcrete layer forming step of forming a waterproof layer protective shotcrete layer 140 for protecting the coating waterproofing layer 130 on the coating waterproofing layer 130. Construction method of coating waterproof tunnel.

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