JP3798478B2

JP3798478B2 - Retaining bench and retaining wall

Info

Publication number: JP3798478B2
Application number: JP25394296A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 直樹熊谷
Original assignee: 直樹熊谷
Priority date: 1996-09-03
Filing date: 1996-09-03
Publication date: 2006-07-19
Anticipated expiration: 2016-09-03
Also published as: JPH1075849A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は土止めベンチおよび、これを施工するための擁壁に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
および
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
一般に、運動場等の付近の平地、傾斜地等には多段式の観覧席を設けることが要望されている。しかし、従来の技術では、上記観覧席の構造が複雑であったり、施工に長時間を要したり、施工費用が高価になったりする問題があった。
【０００３】
したがって、本発明の目的は、多段式観覧席として使用することができ、しかも地層内の水の集排水機能を有する、構造および施工が簡単な土止めベンチおよび、これを施工するための擁壁を安価に提供することである。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
第１発明（請求項１）に係る土止めベンチは、地面に複数の擁壁を互いに適宜間隔をあけて並列に立設し、これらの擁壁の後面で土止め施工することにより土砂層を階段状に形成してなる土止めベンチであって、各段の擁壁の下方部に排水口をその長手方向に複数形成し、該排水口の一つに排水管を挿通して各段の排水管を互いに連結し、各段の擁壁における他の排水口の少なくとも一つに集水管を挿入し、該集水管を連通管を介して同一段の排水管に連結し、各段の排水管、集水管および連通管を土砂層に埋設するとともに、各段の土砂層の高さを、これと同一段の擁壁の上端部とほぼ同一にしたことを特徴とする。
【０００５】
本発明では、集水管を兼ねた構造の排水管を配設することにより、第１発明における上記集水管および連通管を省略することができる。この場合、この排水管を、擁壁の複数の排水口のすべてに挿通配備することが好ましい。
【０００６】
すなわち、第２発明に係る土止めベンチは、地面に複数の擁壁を互いに適宜間隔をあけて並列に立設し、これらの擁壁の後面で土止め施工することにより土砂層を階段状に形成してなる土止めベンチであって、各段の擁壁の下方部に排水口をその長手方向に複数形成し、適所にスリット状の集水孔を形成した排水管を前記排水口の少なくとも一つに挿通して、各段の対応する排水管同士を連結し、前記排水管の集水孔形成部を砕石層または栗石層で包囲し、該層の周囲に土砂層を充填することにより、すべての排水管を土砂層に埋設するとともに、各段の土砂層の高さを、これと同一段の擁壁の上端部とほぼ同一にしたことを特徴とするものである。
【０００７】
上記土砂層は、地面に敷設した防水性シート上に形成することが好ましい。また、擁壁を砕石層または割栗層からなる土台上に載置し、耐食性金属からなるステープルを上記土台に打ち込むことにより、擁壁の下端部を土台に固定することが望ましい。コンクリート製の基礎板を土砂層上に敷いて土台とすることもできる。
【０００８】
第１発明および第２発明の擁壁としては、以下のもの用いることが好ましい。すなわち、この擁壁を硬質・耐食性材料からなる板状部材により構成し、前面側に複数の板状ステーを上下方向に、かつ当該擁壁の長手方向に適宜間隔をあけて設け、土止めを行う後面側には、当該擁壁のほぼ上端部からほぼ下端部に跨がる板状ステーを複数、かつ当該擁壁の長手方向に適宜間隔をあけて設けることにより区画室を形成することが望ましい。
このような構造の擁壁を用いる場合、第１発明に係る土止めベンチでは、上記区画室に砕石または割栗を充填することが好ましい。また、第２発明に係る土止めベンチでは、上記区画室に土砂を充填することが望ましい。
【０００９】
また、上記構造の擁壁では、その前面側両端部の板状ステーにボルト貫挿孔を形成し、二つの擁壁の端部同士を突き合わせて前記ボルト貫挿孔同士を連通させ、この連通孔にボルトを貫挿してナットで固定し、擁壁同士を連結して長尺物とすることが好ましく、この長尺擁壁により、大型の観覧席を施工することができる。
【００１０】
第１発明および第２発明に係る擁壁としては、以下の構造を有するものが好ましい。すなわち本発明の擁壁（請求項９）は、上記土止めベンチを構成するための控え壁式擁壁であって、硬質プラスチックを一体成形してなり、下方部に排水口を当該擁壁の長手方向に複数形成し、前面側に複数の板状ステーを上下方向に、かつ当該擁壁の長手方向に適宜間隔をあけて設け、土止めを行う後面側には当該擁壁のほぼ上端部からほぼ下端部に跨がる板状ステーを複数、かつ当該擁壁の長手方向に適宜間隔をあけて設けることにより区画室を形成したことを特徴とするものである。
この擁壁では、前面側両端部の板状ステーにボルト貫挿孔を形成し、複数の擁壁の端部同士を突き合わせたときに、前記ボルト貫挿孔同士が連通するようにしたものが好ましい。これにより、上記長尺擁壁を構成することができる。
【００１１】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例を、図面を参照しながら説明する。
実施例１
図１は土止めベンチの概略断面図、図２はその平面図であって集水管、連通管および排水管の配管説明図である。図３は図２の一部拡大図、図４は図３のＡ−Ａ線断面図、図５は図３のＢ−Ｂ線断面図である。図６は排水管の施工要領説明図、図７は擁壁の正面図（前面側を示す）、図８は擁壁の背面図（後面側を示す）、図９は擁壁の平面図、図１０は図７の右側面図である。
図１１は擁壁同士の結合部分を示す正面図である。図１２は図１１の背面図であって、割栗層上への擁壁固定要領を示す説明図である。図１３は擁壁同士を結合するためのダブル折座金を示すもので（ａ）は平面図、（ｂ）は正面図、（ｃ）は（ｂ）の右側面図である。図１４はカバー板を取り付け後の擁壁の平面図、図１５は図１４のＣ−Ｃ線断面図である。
【００１２】
この実施例の土止めベンチは図１，２に示すように、図７〜１０に示す擁壁１１を複数、地面１０上に互いに適宜間隔をあけて上下多段に、かつ並列に立設し、これらの擁壁１１の後面で土止め施工することにより、土砂層５１を階段状に形成して多段状ベンチとしたものである。擁壁１１は、土止め用の部材であると同時に、観覧席となるものであり、各段の擁壁高さ（土止めベンチの地面を基準とする擁壁上端部の高さ）は、成人が擁壁上に楽な姿勢で腰掛けて、足を地面につけることができるものとなっている。
土砂層５１は図１，４に示すように、（土止めベンチ施工前の）地面１０に敷設した防水性シート４１上に形成したものである。なお、この土止め施工の要領の詳細については後記する。防水性シート４１としては、ポリ塩化ビニリデン製シートが採用できる。
【００１３】
擁壁１１は図４および図１２に示すように、砕石層または割栗層からなる土台４２上に載置した後、耐食性金属からなるステープル４６（Ｕ字状の止め金）を土台４２に打ち込むことにより、（擁壁１１の下端部が）土台４２に固定されている。図３において４５は、ステープル４６を挿入するための貫通孔である。
擁壁１１は控え壁式擁壁であって、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、硬質ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂等の硬質プラスチックを一体成形したものである。すなわち、この擁壁１１では、下方部に排水口１２を当該擁壁の長手方向に沿って複数形成し、前面側に複数の板状ステー１３を上下方向に、かつ当該擁壁の長手方向に適宜間隔をあけて設け、土止めを行う後面側には当該擁壁のほぼ上端部からほぼ下端部に跨がる板状ステー１４を複数、かつ当該擁壁の長手方向に適宜間隔をあけて設けることにより区画室１５を形成してある。
【００１４】
また、この擁壁１１では図７に示すように、前面側両端部の板状ステー１３にボルト貫挿孔１３ａを形成し、二つの擁壁の端部同士を突き合わせてボルト貫挿孔１３ａ同士を連通させ、図１１に示すように、この連通孔にボルト４３を貫挿してナット４４で固定することにより、擁壁同士を連結した長尺物となっている。そして、この長尺擁壁の上端部には、図１４，１５に示すように、カバー板１１ａが設けられている。
【００１５】
上記土止めベンチにおいては、各段の擁壁１１の下方部に排水口１２をその長手方向に複数（この実施例では四つ）形成し、排水口１２の一つに排水管２１を挿通して、各段の排水管２１を互いに連結する。また、各段の擁壁１１においては、残りの排水口１２のすべてに集水管２２を挿入し、これらの集水管２２を連通管２３を介して当該段の排水管２１に連結し、排水管２１、集水管２２および連通管２３を土砂層５１に埋設するとともに、各段の土砂層５１の高さを、これと同一段の擁壁の上端部とほぼ同一に形成してある。排水管２１、集水管２２および連通管２３は、例えば硬質ポリ塩化ビニル製とする。また、図８に示すように、擁壁１１の区画室１５のすべてに、砕石または割栗を充填する。
【００１６】
つぎに、比較的軟質な地盤、例えば雑草が生えている平地上に、芝生仕上げの土止めベンチを施工する手順の一例について説明する。
（１）まず、多段に立設するべき擁壁の位置を決める。
（２）平地上に防水性のプラスチックシートを敷設する。
（３）２段目以上の擁壁については、各段の擁壁設置位置に土砂層と、その上に割栗層とを形成して、割栗層上面の高さを所定値に設定する。この場合、後段の割栗層上面の高さを、隣接する前段よりも所定値だけ高くする。１段目の擁壁設置位置では、地面に適宜深さの穴を堀り、ここに割栗層を充填形成する。
【００１７】
（４）図４および図１２に示すように各段の割栗層上に、擁壁同士を連結して構成した長尺擁壁を、ステープル４６により鉛直方向に立設した後、図１４，１５に示すように、この長尺擁壁の上端部にカバー板１１ａを設ける。
この場合、図１１に示すように複数の擁壁の端部同士、したがって前面側両端部の板状ステー１３同士を突き合わせ、図１３に示すダブル折座金１６を上記二つの板状ステーに被せ、板状ステー１３，１３のボルト貫挿孔１３ａ同士を連通させて形成した連通孔にボルト４３を貫挿した後、ナット４４で固定することにより擁壁同士を連結して長尺擁壁とする。なお、図１３において１６ａは、ボルト挿通孔である。
【００１８】
（５）各段の擁壁について、上記要領で排水管２１、連通管２３および集水管２２を設け、図２に示すようにすべて段の排水管を連結する。この場合、連通管２３の長さは擁壁の長さとほぼ一致させ、連通管同士の連結はソケット２４により行う。また、図３および図４に示すように、集水管２２と連通管２３との接続は、連通管２３に設けたソケット部２３ａにより行い、連通管２３と排水管２１との接続は、連通管２３に設けたソケット部２３ｂ，２３ｃを使用して行う。
各段の排水管２１は、図６に示すように上記排水口１２に挿通した水平管２１ａと、鉛直管２１ｂとで構成する。水平管２１ａは排水口１２に対応して横断面形状を長方形とし、鉛直管２１ｂは円管とする。水平管２１ａと鉛直管２１ｂとの連結では、下向きエルボ２１ｃおよび上向きエルボ２１ｄを用い、水平管同士の連結はソケット２１ｅを使用して行う。
【００１９】
なお、土止めベンチにおける連結後の排水管２１の本数・配設ピッチ・径、一つの段の擁壁に設ける集水管２２の本数・配設ピッチ・径、連通管２３の径等は、土止めベンチへの降雨量、要求される排水量等を考慮して決定する。また排水管２１、集水管２２および連通管２３は、傾斜管とすることにより排水機能を向上させることもできる。
【００２０】
（６）各段の擁壁の後面側に盛り土を行う。この際、図８に示すように、すべての区画室１５に割栗（または砕石）を充填する。これによって擁壁に割栗の重量がかかるため擁壁を、より安定に固定することができる。ついで転圧を行って図１の形態とした後、地面に芝付けを行う。
【００２１】
つぎに、上記土止めベンチの作用について説明する。
各段の擁壁１１はベンチとして使用することができ、観客は擁壁１１の上端部（カバー板１１ａ）に腰掛けることができる。各段の地面（土砂層５１の表面）は通路となる。また図１，２において、雨水等が浸透して生じた各段の土砂層内の水は、擁壁の排水口１２から集水管２２に流入し、連通管２３を介して排水管２１に流入し、土止めベンチ外に排出される。この場合、防水性シート４１を敷設してあるため、土砂層内の水が防水性シート４１よりも下層に浸透することは殆どなくなる。
【００２２】
実施例２
図１６は土止めベンチの概略断面図、図１７はその平面図であって、排水管の配管要領を示すものである。図１８は図１７のＤ−Ｄ線断面図であって、排水管を割栗層内に埋設する要領を示すものである。
【００２３】
この実施例２は、実施例１における排水管２１に代えて、集水管を兼ねた構造の排水管３１を配設することにより、上記集水管２２および連通管２３を省略したものである。
すなわち、図１６〜図１８に示すように、地面１０上に複数の擁壁１１を互いに適宜間隔をあけて並列に立設し、これらの擁壁１１の後面で土止め施工することにより土砂層５１を階段状に形成してなる土止めベンチであって、擁壁１１の下方部に排水口１２をその長手方向に沿って複数形成し、適所にスリット状の集水孔３２を形成した排水管３１を上記排水口１２のすべてに挿通して、各段の対応する排水管同士を連結し、それぞれの排水管３１の集水孔３２形成部を栗石層５２で包囲し、この栗石層５２の周囲に土砂層５１を充填することにより、すべての排水管３１を土砂層５１内に埋設するとともに、各段の土砂層５１の高さを、これと同一段の擁壁１１の上端部とほぼ同一にしたものである。
【００２４】
図１６〜図１８において、各段の土砂層内の水は排水管３１に直接、集水孔３２から流入し、土止めベンチ外に排出される。この場合、防水性シート４１を敷設してあるため、土砂層内の水が防水性シート４１よりも下層に浸透することは殆どなくなる。また、この土止めベンチでは、擁壁１１のすべての区画室１５に土砂を充填することによって、擁壁に土砂の重量をかけることができるため擁壁を、より安定に固定することができる。
【００２５】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明で明らかなように、本発明によれば、多段式観覧席として使用することができ、しかも地層内の水を集排水する機能を有する、構造および施工が簡単な土止めベンチおよび、これを施工するための擁壁を安価に提供することができる効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施例１に係る土止めベンチの構造を示す概略断面図である。
【図２】図１の平面図であって集水管、連通管および排水管の配管説明図である。
【図３】図２の一部拡大図である。
【図４】図３のＡ−Ａ線断面図である。
【図５】図３のＢ−Ｂ線断面図である。
【図６】図１における排水管の施工要領説明図である。
【図７】図１における擁壁の正面図である（前面側を示す）。
【図８】図７の擁壁の背面図である（後面側を示す）。
【図９】図７の擁壁の平面図である。
【図１０】図７の右側面図である。
【図１１】擁壁同士の結合部分を示す正面図である。
【図１２】図１１の背面図であって、割栗層上への擁壁固定要領を示す説明図である。
【図１３】擁壁同士を結合するためのダブル折座金を示すもので（ａ）は平面図、（ｂ）は正面図、（ｃ）は（ｂ）の右側面図である。
【図１４】カバー板を取り付け後の擁壁の平面図である。
【図１５】図１４のＣ−Ｃ線断面図である。
【図１６】本発明の実施例２に係る土止めベンチの構造を示す概略断面図である。
【図１７】図１６の平面図であって、排水管の配管要領を示すものである。
【図１８】図１７のＤ−Ｄ線断面図であって、排水管を割栗層内に埋設する要領を示すものである。
【符号の説明】
１０地面
１１（控え壁式）擁壁
１１ａカバー板
１２排水口
１３，１４板状ステー
１３ａボルト貫挿孔
１５区画室
１６ダブル折座金
１６ａボルト挿通孔
２１排水管
２１ａ水平管
２１ｂ鉛直管
２１ｃ下向きエルボ
２１ｄ上向きエルボ
２１ｄソケット
２２集水管
２３連通管
２３ａ〜２３ｃソケット部
２４ソケット
３１排水管
３２集水孔
４１防水性シート
４２土台
４３ボルト
４４ナット
４５貫通孔
４６ステープル
５１土砂層
５２割栗層[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a earth retaining bench and a retaining wall for constructing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
And [Problems to be solved by the invention]
In general, it is desired to provide a multi-stage auditorium on a flat ground, sloping ground, etc. near a playground. However, the conventional technology has a problem that the structure of the bleachers is complicated, a long time is required for the construction, and the construction cost is high.
[0003]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an earth retaining bench that can be used as a multi-stage bleacher seat and has a function of collecting and draining water in the formation, and has a simple structure and construction, and a retaining wall for constructing the same. Is to be provided at low cost.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The earth retaining bench according to the first invention (invention 1) is configured such that a plurality of retaining walls are erected in parallel at appropriate intervals on the ground, and the earth and sand layer is formed by earth retaining on the rear surface of these retaining walls. It is a earthen bench formed in a staircase shape, and a plurality of drain outlets are formed in the longitudinal direction below the retaining wall of each stage, and a drain pipe is inserted into one of the drain outlets to Connect the drainage pipes to each other, insert the water collecting pipe into at least one of the other drainage ports in the retaining wall of each stage, connect the water collecting pipe to the drainage pipe of the same stage through the communication pipe, and The pipe, the water collecting pipe and the communication pipe are embedded in the earth and sand layer, and the height of the earth and sand layer of each stage is made substantially the same as the upper end portion of the retaining wall of the same stage.
[0005]
In the present invention, the water collecting pipe and the communication pipe in the first invention can be omitted by disposing a drain pipe having a structure also serving as a water collecting pipe. In this case, it is preferable that the drain pipe is inserted and arranged in all of the plurality of drain holes of the retaining wall.
[0006]
In other words, the earth retaining bench according to the second aspect of the present invention is that a plurality of retaining walls are erected in parallel at appropriate intervals on the ground, and the earth and sand layer is stepped by applying earth retaining on the rear surface of these retaining walls. A soil stop bench formed by forming a plurality of drainage ports in the longitudinal direction in the lower part of the retaining wall of each step, and forming a drainage pipe having slit-shaped water collecting holes at appropriate positions at least of the drainage ports. By inserting the drainage pipes corresponding to each stage, enclosing the water collecting hole forming part of the drainage pipe with a crushed stone layer or a chestnut layer, and filling an earth and sand layer around the layer. In addition, all drain pipes are embedded in the earth and sand layer, and the height of the earth and sand layer in each stage is made substantially the same as the upper end portion of the retaining wall in the same stage.
[0007]
The soil layer is preferably formed on a waterproof sheet laid on the ground. Further, it is desirable to fix the lower end of the retaining wall to the base by placing the retaining wall on a base made of a crushed stone layer or a split chestnut layer and driving a staple made of a corrosion-resistant metal into the base. It is also possible to lay a foundation board made of concrete on the earth and sand layer as a foundation.
[0008]
As the retaining wall of the first invention and the second invention, it is preferable to use the following. That is, this retaining wall is constituted by a plate-like member made of a hard and corrosion-resistant material, and a plurality of plate-like stays are provided on the front side in the vertical direction and in the longitudinal direction of the retaining wall at appropriate intervals, and the earth retaining is provided. On the rear surface side to be formed, a partition chamber can be formed by providing a plurality of plate-like stays extending substantially from the upper end portion to the lower end portion of the retaining wall at appropriate intervals in the longitudinal direction of the retaining wall. desirable.
When the retaining wall having such a structure is used, in the earth retaining bench according to the first invention, it is preferable to fill the compartment with crushed stone or split chestnut. Further, in the earth retaining bench according to the second invention, it is desirable to fill the compartment with earth and sand.
[0009]
Further, in the retaining wall having the above structure, bolt insertion holes are formed in the plate-like stays at both ends on the front side, the ends of the two retaining walls are brought into contact with each other, and the bolt insertion holes communicate with each other. Bolts are inserted into the holes and fixed with nuts, and the retaining walls are preferably connected to form a long object. With this long retaining wall, a large auditorium can be constructed.
[0010]
The retaining wall according to the first and second inventions preferably has the following structure. That is, the retaining wall of the present invention (Claim 9) is a retaining wall type retaining wall for constituting the earth retaining bench, and is formed by integrally molding a hard plastic, and a drain outlet is formed in the lower part of the retaining wall. A plurality of plate-like stays are formed in the longitudinal direction, and a plurality of plate-like stays are provided on the front side in the vertical direction and at an appropriate interval in the longitudinal direction of the retaining wall. The partition chamber is formed by providing a plurality of plate-like stays extending substantially from the top to the bottom and at appropriate intervals in the longitudinal direction of the retaining wall.
In this retaining wall, a bolt insertion hole is formed in the plate-like stays at both ends on the front side, and when the ends of the plurality of retaining walls are butted together, the bolt insertion holes communicate with each other. preferable. Thereby, the said long retaining wall can be comprised.
[0011]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
Example 1
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the earth retaining bench, and FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, and is an explanatory diagram of a water collection pipe, a communication pipe, and a drain pipe. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. FIG. 6 is a drawing explaining the construction procedure of the drain pipe, FIG. 7 is a front view of the retaining wall (showing the front side), FIG. 8 is a rear view of the retaining wall (showing the rear side), FIG. 9 is a plan view of the retaining wall, FIG. 10 is a right side view of FIG.
FIG. 11 is a front view showing a connecting portion between retaining walls. FIG. 12 is a rear view of FIG. 11 and is an explanatory view showing a retaining wall fixing point on the split chestnut layer. FIGS. 13A and 13B show a double fold washer for connecting retaining walls, wherein FIG. 13A is a plan view, FIG. 13B is a front view, and FIG. 13C is a right side view of FIG. 14 is a plan view of the retaining wall after the cover plate is attached, and FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.
[0012]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the earth retaining bench of this embodiment is provided with a plurality of retaining walls 11 shown in FIGS. The earth and sand layer 51 is formed in a staircase shape by carrying out earth stop construction on the rear surfaces of these retaining walls 11 to form a multistage bench. The retaining wall 11 serves as a bleaching seat at the same time as a retaining member, and the retaining wall height of each step (the height of the retaining wall upper end relative to the ground surface of the retaining bench) is Adults can sit on the retaining wall in a comfortable posture and put their feet on the ground.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the earth and sand layer 51 is formed on a waterproof sheet 41 laid on the ground 10 (before construction of the earth retaining bench). The details of the earthing work will be described later. As the waterproof sheet 41, a polyvinylidene chloride sheet can be adopted.
[0013]
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 12, the retaining wall 11 is placed on a base 42 made of a crushed stone layer or a split chestnut layer, and then staples 46 (U-shaped clasps) made of corrosion-resistant metal are driven into the base 42. Thus, (the lower end portion of the retaining wall 11) is fixed to the base 42. In FIG. 3, 45 is a through hole for inserting the staple 46.
The retaining wall 11 is a retaining wall type retaining wall, and is formed by integrally molding a hard plastic such as polyolefin resin or hard polyvinyl chloride resin. That is, in the retaining wall 11, a plurality of drain ports 12 are formed in the lower portion along the longitudinal direction of the retaining wall, and a plurality of plate-like stays 13 are formed on the front side in the vertical direction and in the longitudinal direction of the retaining wall. A plurality of plate-like stays 14 are provided at appropriate intervals in the longitudinal direction of the retaining wall. The compartment 15 is formed by providing.
[0014]
Moreover, in this retaining wall 11, as shown in FIG. 7, the bolt penetration hole 13a is formed in the plate-like stay 13 of the both ends of the front side, and the edge part of two retaining walls is faced | matched, and bolt penetration hole 13a is mutual. As shown in FIG. 11, a bolt 43 is inserted into the communication hole and fixed with a nut 44 to form a long object in which the retaining walls are connected to each other. And the cover board 11a is provided in the upper end part of this elongate retaining wall, as shown in FIG.
[0015]
In the earth retaining bench, a plurality of drain ports 12 (four in this embodiment) are formed in the longitudinal direction below the retaining wall 11 of each step, and the drain pipe 21 is inserted into one of the drain ports 12. Thus, the drain pipes 21 of the respective stages are connected to each other. Further, in the retaining wall 11 of each stage, water collecting pipes 22 are inserted into all of the remaining drain ports 12, and these water collecting pipes 22 are connected to the drain pipes 21 of the corresponding stage via communication pipes 23. 21, the water collecting pipe 22 and the communication pipe 23 are embedded in the earth and sand layer 51, and the height of the earth and sand layer 51 at each stage is formed substantially the same as the upper end of the retaining wall at the same stage. The drain pipe 21, the water collection pipe 22, and the communication pipe 23 are made of, for example, hard polyvinyl chloride. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 8, all the compartments 15 of the retaining wall 11 are filled with crushed stone or split chestnut.
[0016]
Next, an example of a procedure for constructing a lawn-finish earth retaining bench on a relatively soft ground, for example, a flat ground on which weeds are grown will be described.
(1) First, determine the position of the retaining wall to be erected in multiple stages.
(2) Lay a waterproof plastic sheet on the ground.
(3) For the retaining walls of the second and higher tiers, form an earth and sand layer and a split chestnut layer on the retaining wall installation position of each step, and set the height of the upper surface of the split chestnut layer to a predetermined value . In this case, the height of the upper surface of the subsequent split chestnut layer is set higher than the adjacent previous stage by a predetermined value. At the first stage retaining wall installation position, a hole having a suitable depth is dug in the ground, and a split chestnut layer is filled and formed here.
[0017]
(4) As shown in FIGS. 4 and 12, a long retaining wall constituted by connecting retaining walls to each other on the split chest layer of each step is erected in the vertical direction by staples 46, and then, FIG. As shown in FIG. 15, a cover plate 11a is provided at the upper end of the long retaining wall.
In this case, as shown in FIG. 11, the end portions of the plurality of retaining walls, and therefore the plate-like stays 13 at both ends on the front side are butted together, and the double folded washer 16 shown in FIG. After the bolts 43 are inserted into the communication holes formed by connecting the bolt insertion holes 13a of the plate-like stays 13 and 13, the retaining walls are connected to each other by fixing with the nuts 44 to form a long retaining wall. . In FIG. 13, 16a is a bolt insertion hole.
[0018]
(5) About the retaining wall of each stage, the drain pipe 21, the communication pipe 23, and the water collection pipe 22 are provided in the above-mentioned manner, and all the stage drain pipes are connected as shown in FIG. In this case, the length of the communication pipe 23 is substantially the same as the length of the retaining wall, and the communication pipes are connected by the socket 24. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the water collecting pipe 22 and the communication pipe 23 are connected by a socket portion 23 a provided in the communication pipe 23, and the communication pipe 23 and the drain pipe 21 are connected by the communication pipe. This is performed using the socket portions 23b and 23c provided in 23.
As shown in FIG. 6, each stage drain pipe 21 is composed of a horizontal pipe 21a inserted through the drain port 12 and a vertical pipe 21b. The horizontal pipe 21a has a rectangular cross section corresponding to the drain port 12, and the vertical pipe 21b is a circular pipe. In the connection between the horizontal pipe 21a and the vertical pipe 21b, the downward elbow 21c and the upward elbow 21d are used, and the horizontal pipes are connected using the socket 21e.
[0019]
The number, arrangement pitch and diameter of the drain pipes 21 after connection in the earth retaining bench, the number, arrangement pitch and diameter of the water collecting pipes 22 provided on one stage retaining wall, the diameter of the communication pipe 23, etc. Decide in consideration of rainfall on the stop bench and required amount of drainage. Moreover, the drainage function can also be improved by making the drain pipe 21, the water collection pipe 22, and the communicating pipe 23 into an inclined pipe.
[0020]
(6) Fill the rear side of the retaining wall of each step. At this time, as shown in FIG. 8, all compartments 15 are filled with split chestnut (or crushed stone). Accordingly, since the weight of the split chest is applied to the retaining wall, the retaining wall can be fixed more stably. Next, after rolling to form the configuration shown in FIG. 1, grass is applied to the ground.
[0021]
Next, the operation of the earth retaining bench will be described.
The retaining wall 11 of each step can be used as a bench, and the audience can sit on the upper end portion (cover plate 11a) of the retaining wall 11. The ground on each step (the surface of the earth and sand layer 51) serves as a passage. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the water in the sediment layer at each stage generated by the infiltration of rainwater and the like flows into the water collecting pipe 22 from the drainage port 12 of the retaining wall and flows into the drainage pipe 21 through the communication pipe 23. And discharged outside the earthen bench. In this case, since the waterproof sheet 41 is laid, the water in the earth and sand layer hardly penetrates into the lower layer than the waterproof sheet 41.
[0022]
Example 2
FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the earth retaining bench, and FIG. 17 is a plan view thereof, showing the piping procedure of the drain pipe. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line D-D in FIG. 17 and shows a procedure for embedding the drain pipe in the split chestnut layer.
[0023]
In this second embodiment, instead of the drain pipe 21 in the first embodiment, a drain pipe 31 having a structure also serving as a water collection pipe is provided, and thus the water collection pipe 22 and the communication pipe 23 are omitted.
That is, as shown in FIGS. 16 to 18, a plurality of retaining walls 11 are erected in parallel on the ground 10 at appropriate intervals, and a soil layer is applied on the rear surface of these retaining walls 11. 51 is a earth retaining bench formed in a staircase shape, wherein a plurality of drain ports 12 are formed in the lower part of the retaining wall 11 along the longitudinal direction, and slit-shaped water collecting holes 32 are formed at appropriate positions. The pipes 31 are inserted into all the drainage ports 12 to connect the corresponding drainage pipes of each stage, and the water collecting hole 32 forming portions of the respective drainage pipes 31 are surrounded by the chestnut stone layers 52. Is filled with the earth and sand layer 51 to embed all the drainage pipes 31 in the earth and sand layer 51, and the height of the earth and sand layer 51 of each step is set to the upper end portion of the retaining wall 11 of the same step. They are almost identical.
[0024]
16-18, the water in the sediment layer of each step flows directly into the drain pipe 31 from the water collecting hole 32 and is discharged out of the earth retaining bench. In this case, since the waterproof sheet 41 is laid, the water in the earth and sand layer hardly penetrates into the lower layer than the waterproof sheet 41. Moreover, in this earth retaining bench, since the weight of earth and sand can be applied to a retaining wall by filling all the compartments 15 of the retaining wall 11 with earth and sand, the retaining wall can be fixed more stably.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, a earth retaining bench that can be used as a multistage auditorium and has a function of collecting and draining water in the formation, and having a simple structure and construction, and There exists an effect which can provide the retaining wall for constructing this at low cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of an earthen bench according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1 and is a pipe explanatory view of a water collection pipe, a communication pipe and a drain pipe.
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2;
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
6 is an explanatory diagram of a construction procedure of the drain pipe in FIG. 1. FIG.
7 is a front view of the retaining wall in FIG. 1 (showing the front side).
8 is a rear view of the retaining wall of FIG. 7 (showing the rear side).
9 is a plan view of the retaining wall of FIG.
FIG. 10 is a right side view of FIG.
FIG. 11 is a front view showing a connecting portion between retaining walls.
12 is a rear view of FIG. 11 and is an explanatory view showing a retaining wall fixing point on the split chestnut layer. FIG.
FIGS. 13A and 13B show a double fold washer for connecting retaining walls, wherein FIG. 13A is a plan view, FIG. 13B is a front view, and FIG. 13C is a right side view of FIG.
FIG. 14 is a plan view of the retaining wall after the cover plate is attached.
15 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in FIG.
FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of the earth retaining bench according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 17 is a plan view of FIG. 16 and shows the piping procedure of the drain pipe.
18 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. 17 and shows a procedure for embedding the drain pipe in the split chestnut layer.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Ground 11 (Retaining wall type) Retaining wall 11a Cover plate 12 Drain port 13, 14 Plate stay 13a Bolt penetration hole 15 Compartment 16 Double folding washer 16a Bolt insertion hole 21 Drain pipe 21a Horizontal pipe 21b Vertical pipe 21c Downward elbow 21d upward elbow 21d socket 22 water collecting pipe 23 communication pipes 23a to 23c socket portion 24 socket 31 drain pipe 32 water collecting hole 41 waterproof sheet 42 base 43 bolt 44 nut 45 through hole 46 staple 51 earth and sand layer 52 split chestnut layer

Claims

A retaining bench in which a plurality of retaining walls are erected in parallel at appropriate intervals from each other, and a soil layer is formed in a staircase shape by performing soil retaining on the rear surface of these retaining walls. A plurality of drainage ports are formed in the longitudinal direction of the lower part of the retaining wall of the step, the drainage pipes are inserted into one of the drainage ports and the drainage pipes of each step are connected to each other, A drainage pipe is inserted into at least one drainage outlet, the drainage pipe is connected to the drainage pipe of the same stage through the communication pipe, and the drainage pipe, the drainage pipe and the communication pipe of each stage are embedded in the earth and sand layer, The earth retaining bench characterized in that the height of the earth and sand layer of each stage is almost the same as the upper end of the retaining wall of the same stage.

A retaining bench in which a plurality of retaining walls are erected in parallel at appropriate intervals from each other, and a soil layer is formed in a staircase shape by performing soil retaining on the rear surface of these retaining walls. A plurality of drainage ports are formed in the longitudinal direction of the lower part of the retaining wall of the step, and a drainage pipe having slit-shaped water collecting holes formed at appropriate positions is inserted into at least one of the drainage ports. By connecting the drainage pipes, surrounding the drainage hole forming part of the drainage pipe with a crushed stone layer or chestnut stone layer, and filling the earth and sand layer around the layer, all the drainage pipes are embedded in the earth and sand layer The earthen bench is characterized in that the height of the earth and sand layer of each stage is substantially the same as the upper end of the retaining wall of the same stage.

The earth retaining bench according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the earth and sand layer is formed on a waterproof sheet laid on the ground.

The retaining wall is placed on a base made of a crushed stone layer or a split chestnut layer, and staples made of a corrosion-resistant metal are driven into the base, thereby fixing the lower end of the retaining wall to the base. Item 3. An earthen bench according to item 1 or 2.

The retaining wall is composed of a plate-like member made of a hard and corrosion-resistant material, and a plurality of plate-like stays are provided on the front side in the vertical direction and at an appropriate interval in the longitudinal direction of the retaining wall, and a rear surface for earth retaining On the side, a plurality of plate-like stays extending substantially from the upper end portion to the lower end portion of the retaining wall are provided, and a compartment is formed by providing an appropriate interval in the longitudinal direction of the retaining wall. The earth retaining bench according to claim 1 or 2.

Bolt insertion holes are formed in the plate-like stays at both ends on the front side of the retaining wall, the ends of the plurality of retaining walls are brought into contact with each other, the bolt insertion holes communicate with each other, and bolts are inserted into the communication holes. The earth retaining bench according to claim 5, wherein the earth retaining bench is fixed by a nut and connected to each other to form a long object.

The earth retaining bench according to claim 1, wherein the compartment of the retaining wall is filled with crushed stone or split chestnut.

The earth retaining bench according to claim 2, wherein earth and sand are filled in a compartment of the retaining wall.

A retaining wall type retaining wall for constituting the earth retaining bench according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a hard plastic is integrally formed, and a plurality of drain outlets are formed in a longitudinal direction of the retaining wall at a lower portion. A plurality of plate-like stays are provided on the front side in the vertical direction and at appropriate intervals in the longitudinal direction of the retaining wall, and the rear surface side where the earthing is performed straddles from the substantially upper end portion to the substantially lower end portion of the retaining wall. A retaining wall characterized in that a partition chamber is formed by providing a plurality of plate-like stays at appropriate intervals in the longitudinal direction of the retaining wall.

The bolt insertion holes are formed in the plate-like stays at both ends on the front side, and the bolt insertion holes communicate with each other when the ends of the two retaining walls are brought into contact with each other. 9. Retaining wall according to 9.