JP3999990B2 - Underground water tank - Google Patents

Underground water tank Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3999990B2
JP3999990B2 JP2002079924A JP2002079924A JP3999990B2 JP 3999990 B2 JP3999990 B2 JP 3999990B2 JP 2002079924 A JP2002079924 A JP 2002079924A JP 2002079924 A JP2002079924 A JP 2002079924A JP 3999990 B2 JP3999990 B2 JP 3999990B2
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underground water
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JP2003278193A (en
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由博 片桐
茂夫 大森
健 鶴本
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Takiron Co Ltd
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Takiron Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/108Rainwater harvesting

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、地中の水溜め空間に雨水を貯留したり、雨水を一旦溜めてゆっくりと地中に浸透させたりまたは河川等に放流するような地下貯水槽に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来から、地中の水溜め空間に多数の充填部材を水平方向に並べ且つ垂直方向に段積みして充填した地下貯水槽が知られている。この地下貯水槽に充填される充填部材に関しては、従来から各種技術が提案されている。
地下貯水槽は、都市の公園,広場,歩道等の地下に埋設され、主として雨水を貯留するのに使用される。大雨の時などに、雨水を地下貯水槽で一旦貯留すれば、一度に河川に流れ込む水量が減少するので、河川の水位が急激に上昇することを抑制することができる。また、地下貯水槽に貯留した雨水は、公園緑地などへの灌水,グランドなどへの散水,消防用水,非常時の生活用水などに使用することも可能である。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
充填部材が充填された地下貯水槽において、その天井部には下向き(垂直方向)の土圧(土砂の圧力)がかかり、周囲には横向き(水平方向)の土圧がかかる。
これら土圧の大きさは、地下貯水槽の形状や構造,地盤など施工現場の状況によって異なる場合が多い。また、水平土圧は、部材が設置される深さ毎に変わり、充填部材に要求される水平強度もそれに伴って変化する。
これに対して、充填部材は所定形状の成形品なので、垂直方向の強度と水平方向の強度は、充填部材ごとにほぼ一定の値になってしまう。したがって、充填部材における垂直方向の強度と水平方向の強度を、施工現場の状況に応じて任意に設定することは困難であった。このため、必要とされる強度に対して充填部材の強度が不足したり、逆に過剰となることがあった。
また、地下貯水槽内に充填すべき充填部材の数が多いので、その設置作業に時間と手間がかかっていた。
【0004】
本発明は、このような課題を解決するためになされたもので、地中に水溜め空間を形成するために地下貯水槽に設けられた空間形成手段における垂直方向の強度と水平方向の強度を、施工現場の状況に応じて任意に設定可能な地下貯水槽を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上述の目的を達成するため、本発明にかかる地下貯水槽は、地中に水溜め空間を形成するために空間形成手段が設けられた地下貯水槽であって、前記空間形成手段は、垂直方向を向いて互いに平行に且つほぼ規則的に前記水溜め空間の全体に配列された複数の柱状部材と、列状に複数並んだ前記柱状部材に接合部で接合され、ほぼ水平な少なくとも一方向を向いて互いに平行に且つほぼ規則的に前記水溜め空間の全体に配列された複数の水平方向棒状部材とを備え、全体として組合わされた骨組構造をなして構成され、前記接合部に配置された接合部材は、対向する前記柱状部材どうしを一直線状に接合するとともに、対向する前記水平方向棒状部材どうしを水平方向に一直線状に接合し、且つ前記柱状部材と前記水平方向棒状部材とを接合し、前記水溜め空間の外周部における前記柱状部材および前記水平方向棒状部材の各端部には、前記水溜め空間の底部,側部および天井部にそれぞれ配置された外板部材が取付けられており、この外板部材の全体には複数の凹部がほぼ規則的に並んで配列され、前記柱状部材および前記水平方向棒状部材の前記各端部が、前記凹部に係合して支持されている。
前記複数の水平方向棒状部材は、各中心軸線が互いにほぼ直角な、複数の平行な第1の水平方向棒状部材と複数の平行な第2の水平方向棒状部材とを含み、前記柱状部材,前記第1の水平方向棒状部材および前記第2の水平方向棒状部材は、互いにほぼ直角な3方向を向いて前記接合部で接合されているのが好ましい。
前記複数の水平方向棒状部材は、一方の前記水平方向棒状部材に対して水平面内で所定角度斜めの少なくとも一方向を向く複数の平行な第3の水平方向棒状部材をさらに含み、この第3の水平方向棒状部材は前記接合部で前記柱状部材に接合されているのが好ましい。
ましくは、前記柱状部材および前記水平方向棒状部材は、パイプにより構成され、このパイプの周面には水を自在に通過させるための貫通孔が穿設されている。
なお、前記柱状部材および前記水平方向棒状部材は、所定の断面形状を有する形鋼により構成されている場合であってもよい。
また、前記外板部材には、その全体に渡って多数の貫通孔が穿設されているのが好ましい。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明にかかる実施の形態の一例を、図1ないし図13を参照して説明する。
(第1の実施形態)
図1ないし図8は第1の実施形態を示す図である。図1は地下貯水槽の縦断面図、図2は前記地下貯水槽の空間形成手段の一部を示す斜視図、図3は前記空間形成手段の一部を示す斜視図、図4(A)は前記空間形成手段の接合部材を示す斜視図、図4(B)は図3の接合部を示す断面図、図4(C)は図4(B)に対する変形例を示す断面図である。
【0007】
図1,図2に示すように、本発明の地下貯水槽1では、地面2を掘り下げて空間形成手段4を設けることにより、地中に水溜め空間3を形成している。なお、説明の便宜上、地面2と垂直な方向をY方向とし、Y方向に直交し且つ互いに直交するほぼ水平方向をX方向,Z方向とする。
水溜め空間3の底部5,側部6および天井部7には、外板部材8が配置されている。底部5および側部6に配置された外板部材8の周囲は、遮水性シート9により被覆されている。
外板部材8は、所定形状(ここでは、矩形状)に分割されて並んで敷き詰められている。外板部材8は、水溜め空間3とその周囲の土砂とを仕切り、土圧を受けるための仕切板としての機能を有している。外板部材8には、その全体に渡って多数の貫通孔12が穿設されている。
遮水性シート9の材質としては、エチレン−プロピレン−ゴム(EPDM)などの耐老化性,耐酸化性,耐水性に優れたゴムが好ましいが、ポリエチレン,ポリ塩化ビニル等の合成樹脂であってもよい。
遮水性シート9は、水溜め空間3の周囲を被覆するように所定の形状に予め形成されている。遮水性シート9の内側と外側には、通水性を有する不織布などにより形成された保護シート10,11がそれぞれ設けられている。天井部7には、外板部材8のみが設けられており、遮水性シート9,保護シート10,11は設けられていない。
【0008】
水溜め空間3の底部5は、砕石の上に砂を敷き、砂の層の上に合成樹脂製の板材13などを敷き詰めることにより、凹凸のない平滑な面になっている。板材13の上に、外側の保護シート11,遮水性シート9,内側の保護シート10を介して外板部材8が敷き詰められ、外板部材8上に空間形成手段4が設置されている。
空間形成手段4は、合成樹脂製の骨格構造体をなし、この骨格構造体を構成する部材の間が水溜め用の空隙になっており、また、部材自体の内部も水溜め用の空隙になっている。これら部材の内部と外部の空隙が互いに連通して、全体として大きな空隙部14が形成されている。
空間形成手段4は、ポリプロピレン,ポリエチレン,アクリロニトリル−ブタジエン−スチレン共重合体(ABS),ポリ塩化ビニル,繊維強化プラスチック(FRP)などの硬質の合成樹脂を材料として、各構成部材が射出成形,押出し成形などによりそれぞれ一体的に成形されている。
【0009】
地下貯水槽1の側部6の上部には、流入用パイプ16が設けられている。この流入用パイプ16は、雨水など流入水15を地下貯水槽1内に流入させるためのパイプで、空隙部14に連通している。
側部6の下部には、流出用パイプ18が設けられている。この流出用パイプ18は、地下貯水槽1に貯留されている雨水などを流出水17として流出させるために、空隙部14に連通している。なお、流入用パイプ16および流出用パイプ18は、天井部7および底部5にそれぞれ設けられた場合であってもよい。
この地下貯水槽1を用いて、たとえば、建物の屋根で集められた雨水を、流入用パイプ16から水溜め空間3に導入して貯水し、流出用パイプ18から流出させることができる。流出水17は、河川等に放流されるか、または公園緑地への灌水などに使用される。
図1に示す地下貯水槽1では、天井部7は、遮水性シート9で被覆されておらず、雨水が通過できる非密閉構造になっている。したがって、地表に降った雨水の一部は、地中を浸透して、天井部7の外板部材8の貫通孔12を通って水溜め空間3に流入する。
なお、地下貯水槽1の底部5を、雨水が通過可能な非密閉構造にすれば、地下貯水槽1に雨水を一旦溜めた後、底部5からゆっくりと地中に浸透させることができる。または、地下貯水槽1の天井部7にも、遮水性シート9,保護シート10,11を設けることにより、空間形成手段4の全体を囲って密閉構造にしてもよい。
【0010】
次に、空間形成手段4について説明する。
図2ないし図4に示すように、空間形成手段4は、複数の柱状部材30と複数の水平方向棒状部材31,32とを備え、全体として組合わされた骨組構造をなしている。
複数の棒状部材30は、垂直方向(Y方向)を向いて互いに平行に且つほぼ規則的に、水溜め空間3の全体に配列されている。複数の水平方向棒状部材は、各中心軸線が互いにほぼ直角な、複数の平行な第1の水平方向棒状部材31と複数の平行な第2の水平方向棒状部材32とを含んでいる。
第1の水平方向棒状部材31は、列状に複数並んだ柱状部材30に接合部33で接合され、ほぼ水平なX方向を向いて互いに平行に且つほぼ規則的に、水溜め空間3の全体に配列されている。
これと同様に、第2の水平方向棒状部材32も、列状に複数並んだ柱状部材30に接合部33で接合され、ほぼ水平なZ方向を向いて互いに平行に且つほぼ規則的に、水溜め空間3の全体に配列されている。
こうして、棒状部材30,第1の水平方向棒状部材31および第2の水平方向棒状部材32は、互いにほぼ直角な3方向(Y方向,X方向,Z方向)をそれぞれ向いて接合部33で接合されている。
この骨組構造は、後述する変形例および第2,第3の実施形態においても、同一の(または、実質的に同じ)構成である。
なお、第1,第2の水平方向棒状部材31,32のうち一方の水平方向棒状部材どうしを、十分な強度を有する連結部材(図示せず)により連結し、他方の水平方向棒状部材を省略した場合であってもよい。
【0011】
接合部33には接合部材34が配置されている。接合部材34は、対向する柱状部材30どうしを一直線状に接合するとともに、対向する第1の水平方向棒状部材31どうしを一直線状に接合し、また、対向する第2の水平方向棒状部材32どうしを一直線状に接合している。さらに、接合部材34は、柱状部材30と第1の水平方向棒状部材31と第2の水平方向棒状部材32とを、接合部33で接合している。
水溜め空間3の外周部(底部5,側部6,天井部7)における柱状部材30および第1,第2の水平方向棒状部材31,32の各端部には、水溜め空間3の底部5,側部6および天井部7にそれぞれ配置された外板部材8が取付けられている。
外板部材8の全体には、複数の凹部35がほぼ規則的に並んで配列されている。柱状部材30,第1,第2の水平方向棒状部材31,32の各端部が、凹部35に係合して支持されている。これにより、柱状部材30,第1,第2の水平方向棒状部材31,32は、動かないように所定位置に位置決め保持される。
柱状部材30および第1,第2の水平方向棒状部材31,32は、断面円形のパイプ40により構成され、パイプ40の周面には水を自在に通過させるための複数の貫通孔41が穿設されている。
これにより、パイプ40の内部空間にも雨水を貯留することができ、地下貯水槽1に貯留可能な水量を多くすることができる。なお、貫通孔41を形成しない場合であってもよい。
【0012】
図4(A)に示すように、接合部材34は、互いにほぼ直角な3方向を向いた三つのソケット42が互いに固定されて、全体が一体的に形成されている。パイプ40は、ソケット42に嵌合し、固定用ピン43によりソケット42に係止されている。なお、三つのソケット42は、固定部材(図示せず)等を用いて互いに固定する場合であってもよい。
パイプ40は、図4(B)に示すようにソケット42内を挿通する場合が多いが、図4(C)に示すように、ソケット42内でパイプ40の端部44を突き合わせ、パイプ40どうしを連結する場合であってもよい。この場合には、端部44の近傍で、固定用ピン43によりパイプ40がソケット42に係止されている。
図4(B),(C)では、ソケット42とパイプ40に予め孔を穿設し、この孔に固定用ピン43を挿入して係止するようになっている。こうすることにより、接合部材34にパイプ40をワンタッチで容易に取付けることができ、空間形成手段4の組立て作業が容易になる。
図2ないし図4では、柱状部材30と第1の水平方向棒状部材31と第2の水平方向棒状部材32は、各中心軸線が若干くい違った状態になっているが、互いにほぼ直角な3方向を向いて接合部33で接合されている。
【0013】
図5は空間形成手段の変形例を示す斜視図、図6(A)は図5の接合部材34aを示す斜視図、図6(B)は図5の接合部33を示す断面図、図6(C)は図6(B)に対する変形例を示す断面図である。
図5に示す空間形成手段4aの接合部33では、別の構成の接合部材34a(図6(A))を使用している。この接合部材34aでは、柱状部材30,第1の水平方向棒状部材31および第2の水平方向棒状部材32は、その各中心軸線が一点で交差することにより、互いにほぼ直角な3方向を向いて接合部33で接合されている。
接合部材34aでは、縦方向(Y方向)にパイプ状のソケット42が配置され、このソケット42に対して横方向(水平方向)に十文字状にソケット42aが一体的に形成されている。
柱状部材30のパイプ40は垂直方向のソケット42に差し込まれ、第1,第2の水平方向棒状部材31,32のパイプ40は、水平方向のソケット42aに差し込まれている。
この場合、図6(B)に示すように、固定用ピン43を使用してパイプ40をソケット42aに係止させる場合や、図6(C)に示すように、パイプ40の先端部に係止部45を折曲形成し、この係止部45を、ソケット42aの内方に形成された被係止部46に係合させるようにしてもよい。
図6(C)に示す構成によれば、固定用ピン43を取付ける手間がかからないので組立て作業がさらに簡略化され、且つ部品点数を少なくすることができる。
【0014】
図7は、空間形成手段の他の変形例を示す斜視図である。
図7に示す空間形成手段4a1の接合部33では、接合部材を使用していない。この場合、柱状部材30を構成するパイプ40に、第1,第2の水平方向棒状部材31,32をそれぞれ構成するパイプ40を、接合部33で一体的に固定してユニット化している。
空間形成手段4a1の場合も、柱状部材30,第1,第2の水平方向棒状部材31,32は、互いにほぼ直角な3方向を向いて接合部33で接合されている。
【0015】
図8(A)は、本発明の柱状部材および水平方向棒状部材におけるパイプどうしの接合部を示す断面図、図8(B)は図8(A)に対する変形例を示す断面図である。
第1の実施形態,および後述する第2,第3の実施形態において、柱状部材30および水平方向棒状部材におけるパイプ40どうしは、図8に示すようにして接合される。
たとえば、図8(A)に示すように、両方のパイプ40どうしを嵌合させて位置決めするとともに、固定用ピン43により両方のパイプ40を連結することができる。
なお、図8(B)に示すように、一方のパイプ40の端部に形成された係止部45を、他方のパイプ40の内方に形成された被係止部47に係合させるようにしてもよい。
【0016】
(第2の実施形態)
図9ないし図11は第2の実施形態を示す図で、図9は空間形成手段4bの一部を示す斜視図、図10は空間形成手段4bの一部を示す平面図、図11はその変形例にかかる空間形成手段4cを示す斜視図である。
図9ないし図11に示す空間形成手段4b,4cは、第1の実施形態の空間形成手段と同様に、柱状部材30と、第1,第2の水平方向棒状部材31,32とを有している。
さらに、空間形成手段4b,4cの複数の水平方向棒状部材は、一方の水平方向棒状部材(すなわち、第1の水平方向棒状部材31または第2の水平方向棒状部材32)に対して、水平面内で所定角度(たとえば、45度)斜めの少なくとも一方向を向く複数の平行な第3の水平方向棒状部材50をさらに含んでいる。そして、第3の水平方向棒状部材50は、接合部33で柱状部材30に接合されている。
【0017】
図9,図10に示す空間形成手段4bの場合には、複数の第3の水平方向棒状部材50が、第1の水平方向棒状部材31に対して、水平面内で所定角度θ(たとえば、45度)斜めの方向を向いて、互いに平行に配置されている。
接合部材34bは、X,Y,Z方向をそれぞれ向く三つのソケット42と、二つのソケット42に一体的に固定されて、第3の水平方向棒状部材50の軸線方向を向く一つのソケット42とを有している。接合部材34bは、全体が一体的に形成されている。
したがって、第3の水平方向棒状部材50が接合される接合部33では、接合部材34bが使用され、柱状部材30,第1,第2の水平方向棒状部材31,32が接合される接合部33では、第1の実施形態と同じ接合部材34が使用される。なお、第3の水平方向棒状部材50では、第1の実施形態と同様なパイプ40が使用されている。
【0018】
図9,図10に示す空間形成手段4bの場合、第3の水平方向棒状部材50が、水平面内で斜め(たとえば、角度θ=45度)に配置されている。したがって、外板部材8を、水溜め空間3の側部6で平面視で斜めに配置して、第3の水平方向棒状部材50の端部51に当接させることができる。外板部材8は、第3の水平方向棒状部材50に対してほぼ直角に配置するのが好ましい。
その結果、外板部材8は、複数配列された第3の水平方向棒状部材50により支持されるので、空間形成手段4bは土圧に対して十分な強度を有する。
なお、図11に示す空間形成手段4cのように、第3の水平方向棒状部材50が2方向を向くように接合部材34cで接合してもよい。この空間形成手段4cでは、接合部材34cの八つのソケット42aが水平方向に同一角度離れて分岐し、合計で四つの水平方向を向く第1ないし第3の水平方向棒状部材31,32,50が設けられている。そして、全ての水平方向棒状部材31,32,50が、柱状部材30に接合するとともに、一点で交差するようにしている。
第2の実施形態の空間形成手段4b,4cによれば、地下貯水槽1の平面視の形状を、矩形以外の六角形,八角形など多角形または異形状にすることができる。その結果、地下貯水槽1を、その敷地の形状に対応して任意の形状に構成することが可能になる。
【0019】
(第3の実施形態)
図12,図13は第3の実施形態を示す図で、図12は空間形成手段4dの一部を示す斜視図、図13はその変形例にかかる空間形成手段4eの一部を示す斜視図である。
図12に示す空間形成手段4dでは、柱状部材30,第1,第2の水平方向棒状部材31,32は、断面矩形のパイプ60により構成されている。なお、第1,第2の実施形態と同様に、パイプ60の周面には、水を自在に通過させるための複数の貫通孔を穿設するのが好ましい。
接合部材34dは、矩形のパイプ60に対応する形状を有して全体が一体的に形成されて、接合部33に配置されている。したがって、接合部材34dは、対向する柱状部材30どうしを一直線状に接合するとともに、対向する水平方向棒状部材どうしを一直線状に接合し、且つ柱状部材30と水平方向棒状部材31,32とを接合することができる。
図13に示す空間形成手段4eにおいて、柱状部材30および水平方向棒状部材31,32は、溝形(断面U字状)の形鋼61により構成されている。柱状部材30は一方側が開放し、水平方向棒状部材31,32は下方側が開放しているので、空間形成手段4eの内部に土砂が溜まらないので好ましい。なお、形鋼61は、溝形のほか、山形(断面L字状),H形などであってもよい。
【0020】
前記第1ないし第3の実施形態の空間形成手段4,4a,4a1,4b〜4eにおける複数の柱状部材30は、垂直方向を向いて互いに平行に且つほぼ規則的に水溜め空間3の全体に配列され、また、複数の水平方向棒状部材は、列状に複数並んだ柱状部材30に接合部33で接合され、ほぼ水平な方向を向いて互いに平行に且つほぼ規則的に水溜め空間3の全体に配列されている。空間形成手段は、全体として組合わされた骨組構造をなしているので、土圧に対して十分な強度を設定することができる。
空間形成手段4,4a,4a1,4b〜4eにおける各部材の接合部では、引っ張り力は小さくて主として圧縮力が作用するので、接合部は圧縮力に耐え得る十分な強度を有している。
水溜め空間3を形成するための空間形成手段4,4a,4a1,4b〜4eにおける垂直方向の強度に関しては、柱状部材30の材質,形状,構造,厚み,部材間のピッチなどを任意に設定することができる。これと同様に、水平方向の強度に関しても、第1ないし第3の水平方向棒状部材31,32,50の各材質,形状,構造,厚み,部材間のピッチなどを任意に設定することができる。
その結果、空間形成手段4,4a,4a1,4b〜4eの垂直方向の強度と水平方向の強度を、地下貯水槽1の形状や構造,地盤など施工現場の状況に応じて、あるいは、充填部材の設置位置毎に充填部材の強度を、個別に且つ任意に設定することができる。
一般的に、水平方向より垂直方向の方が大きな強度を要求されるので、たとえば、柱状部材の径を水平方向棒状部材より大きくするのが好ましい。
【0021】
本発明の地下貯水槽1では、柱状部材と水平方向棒状部材を接合部で接合して順次組み込めばよいので、従来の充填部材と比べて組み立て作業が容易であり、また、大きな空隙率を得ることができる。
このように、地下貯水槽1は、施工が簡単で工期も短くその費用も安価で、耐震性にも優れており、さらに、地下貯水槽1の上部は、土を埋め戻すのでそのまま公園等として有効利用することができる。
柱状部材30と第1の水平方向棒状部材31と第2の水平方向棒状部材32が、互いにほぼ直角な3方向を向いているので、三つの部材30,31,32に囲まれたほぼ矩形の開口部は比較的大きい。
したがって、水溜め空間3の外周部に配置される流入用パイプ16と流出用パイプ18を、その径を大きくして直接前記開口部から水溜め空間3の内方に挿入することができる。その結果、地下貯水槽1における雨水の流入部および流出部の近傍に桝などを別途設ける必要がなく、構造が簡略化される。
水溜め空間3内では、前記開口部が直線状に連通しているので、水溜め空間3内を水が流れやすく、また、水溜め空間3内の点検や土砂の除去などメンテナンス作業を容易に行うことができる。
【0022】
柱状部材および水平方向棒状部材用のパイプや形鋼などには、市販品を使用できるので、空間形成手段の製造コストを安価にすることができる。
なお、前記各実施形態では、柱状部材30は、平面視で格子状に配列された場合を示したが、平面視で千鳥状などほぼ規則的に配列された場合であってもよい。
以上、本発明の実施形態を説明したが、本発明は、上述の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨の範囲で種々の変形,付加等が可能である。
なお、各図中同一符号は同一または相当部分を示す。
【0023】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、地中に水溜め空間を形成するための空間形成手段を構成する柱状部材と水平方向棒状部材の各端部が、外板部材の凹部に係合して支持されるようにしたので、柱状部材と水平方向棒状部材を、動かないように所定位置に位置決め保持することができ、また、空間形成手段は、全体として組合わされた骨組構造をなしており、接合部に配置された接合部材が、対向する柱状部材どうしを一直線状に接合するとともに、対向する水平方向棒状部材どうしを水平方向に一直線状に接合し、且つ柱状部材と水平方向棒状部材とを接合しているので、土圧に対して十分な強度を設定することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 図1ないし図8は本発明の第1の実施形態を示す図で、図1は地下貯水槽の縦断面図である。
【図2】 前記地下貯水槽の空間形成手段の一部を示す斜視図である。
【図3】 前記空間形成手段の一部を示す斜視図である。
【図4】 図4(A)は前記空間形成手段の接合部材を示す斜視図、図4(B)は図3の接合部を示す断面図、図4(C)は図4(B)に対する変形例を示す断面図である。
【図5】 空間形成手段の変形例を示す斜視図である。
【図6】 図6(A)は図5の接合部材を示す斜視図、図6(B)は図5の接合部を示す断面図、図6(C)は図6(B)に対する変形例を示す断面図である。
【図7】 空間形成手段の他の変形例を示す斜視図である。
【図8】 図8(A)は、パイプどうしの接合部を示す断面図、図8(B)は図8(A)に対する変形例を示す断面図である。
【図9】 図9ないし図11は第2の実施形態を示す図で、図9は空間形成手段の一部を示す斜視図である。
【図10】 前記空間形成手段の一部を示す平面図である。
【図11】 空間形成手段の変形例を示す斜視図である。
【図12】 図12,図13は第3の実施形態を示す図で、図12は空間形成手段の一部を示す斜視図である。
【図13】 空間形成手段の変形例を示す斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
1 地下貯水槽
3 水溜め空間
4,4a,4a1,4b〜4e 空間形成手段
5 底部
6 側部
7 天井部
8 外板部材
12 外板部材の貫通孔
30 柱状部材
31 第1の水平方向棒状部材(水平方向棒状部材)
32 第2の水平方向棒状部材(水平方向棒状部材)
33 接合部
34,34a〜34d 接合部材
35 凹部
40 パイプ
41 貫通孔
50 第3の水平方向棒状部材(水平方向棒状部材)
60 パイプ
61 形鋼
θ 所定角度
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an underground water storage tank that stores rainwater in an underground water reservoir space, temporarily accumulates rainwater and slowly permeates it into the ground, or discharges it into a river or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an underground water tank is known in which a large number of filling members are arranged in a horizontal direction and stacked in a vertical direction in an underground water reservoir space. Various techniques have been proposed for filling members filled in the underground water storage tank.
Underground water tanks are buried underground in urban parks, plazas, sidewalks, etc., and are mainly used to store rainwater. If rainwater is once stored in the underground water tank during heavy rain, the amount of water flowing into the river at a time decreases, so that it is possible to prevent the river level from rising rapidly. Rainwater stored in underground water tanks can also be used for irrigation to park green spaces, watering grounds, fire-fighting water, emergency water for daily use.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In an underground water tank filled with a filling member, a downward (vertical) earth pressure (sediment pressure) is applied to the ceiling, and a lateral (horizontal) earth pressure is applied to the periphery.
The magnitude of these earth pressures often varies depending on the construction site conditions, such as the shape and structure of the underground water tank, and the ground. Further, the horizontal earth pressure changes at every depth where the member is installed, and the horizontal strength required for the filling member also changes accordingly.
On the other hand, since the filling member is a molded product having a predetermined shape, the strength in the vertical direction and the strength in the horizontal direction are almost constant for each filling member. Therefore, it has been difficult to arbitrarily set the strength in the vertical direction and the strength in the horizontal direction of the filling member according to the situation at the construction site. For this reason, the strength of the filling member may be insufficient with respect to the required strength, or may be excessive.
In addition, since there are many filling members to be filled in the underground water tank, it takes time and effort to install the filling members.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem, and the vertical strength and the horizontal strength in the space forming means provided in the underground water storage tank in order to form a water reservoir space in the ground. The purpose is to provide an underground water tank that can be set arbitrarily according to the situation of the construction site.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, an underground water storage tank according to the present invention is an underground water storage tank provided with space forming means for forming a water storage space in the ground, and the space forming means is in a vertical direction. A plurality of columnar members arranged in parallel with each other and almost regularly across the water reservoir space, and a plurality of columnar members arranged in a row at a joint portion, and at least one direction that is substantially horizontal. A plurality of horizontal bar-like members arranged in parallel to each other and almost regularly in the whole of the water reservoir space to form a combined frame structureThe joining member configured and disposed in the joining portion joins the opposing columnar members in a straight line, joins the opposing horizontal bar members in a straight line in the horizontal direction, and the columnar member And the horizontal bar-like member are joined to each end of the columnar member and the horizontal bar-like member in the outer periphery of the water reservoir space, respectively, at the bottom, side and ceiling of the water reservoir space. The outer plate member is attached, and a plurality of recesses are arranged almost regularly in the entire outer plate member, and the end portions of the columnar member and the horizontal bar-shaped member are the recesses. Is engaged and supported.
  The plurality of horizontal bar-shaped members include a plurality of parallel first horizontal bar-shaped members and a plurality of parallel second horizontal bar-shaped members whose central axes are substantially perpendicular to each other, and the columnar members, It is preferable that the first horizontal bar-shaped member and the second horizontal bar-shaped member are joined at the joint portion in three directions substantially perpendicular to each other.
  The plurality of horizontal bar-shaped members further include a plurality of parallel third horizontal bar-shaped members that face at least one direction that is inclined at a predetermined angle in a horizontal plane with respect to one of the horizontal bar-shaped members. It is preferable that the horizontal bar member is joined to the columnar member at the joint.Yes.
GoodPreferably, the columnar member and the horizontal bar-shaped member are constituted by a pipe, and a through-hole for allowing water to freely pass therethrough is formed in the peripheral surface of the pipe.
  In addition, the case where the said columnar member and the said horizontal direction rod-shaped member are comprised with the shape steel which has predetermined | prescribed cross-sectional shape may be sufficient.
  Moreover, it is preferable that a large number of through holes are formed in the outer plate member throughout.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
(First embodiment)
1 to 8 are views showing a first embodiment. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the underground water tank, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a part of the space forming means of the underground water tank, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a part of the space forming means, and FIG. FIG. 4B is a sectional view showing the joining portion of FIG. 3, and FIG. 4C is a sectional view showing a modification to FIG. 4B.
[0007]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the underground water storage tank 1 of the present invention, the water reservoir space 3 is formed in the ground by digging down the ground 2 and providing the space forming means 4. For convenience of explanation, a direction perpendicular to the ground 2 is defined as a Y direction, and substantially horizontal directions orthogonal to the Y direction and orthogonal to each other are defined as an X direction and a Z direction.
An outer plate member 8 is disposed on the bottom portion 5, the side portion 6, and the ceiling portion 7 of the water reservoir space 3. The periphery of the outer plate member 8 disposed on the bottom portion 5 and the side portion 6 is covered with a water shielding sheet 9.
The outer plate member 8 is divided into a predetermined shape (here, a rectangular shape) and laid side by side. The outer plate member 8 functions as a partition plate for partitioning the water reservoir space 3 and the surrounding earth and sand and receiving earth pressure. A large number of through holes 12 are formed in the outer plate member 8 throughout.
The material of the water-impervious sheet 9 is preferably a rubber excellent in aging resistance, oxidation resistance, and water resistance, such as ethylene-propylene rubber (EPDM), but may be a synthetic resin such as polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride. Good.
The water-impervious sheet 9 is previously formed in a predetermined shape so as to cover the periphery of the water reservoir space 3. Protection sheets 10 and 11 formed of a water-permeable nonwoven fabric or the like are provided on the inner and outer sides of the water-impervious sheet 9, respectively. In the ceiling portion 7, only the outer plate member 8 is provided, and the water-impervious sheet 9 and the protective sheets 10 and 11 are not provided.
[0008]
The bottom 5 of the water reservoir space 3 has a smooth surface without unevenness by laying sand on crushed stone and laying a plate material 13 made of synthetic resin on the sand layer. The outer plate member 8 is spread on the plate member 13 via the outer protective sheet 11, the water-impervious sheet 9, and the inner protective sheet 10, and the space forming means 4 is installed on the outer plate member 8.
The space forming means 4 has a skeleton structure made of synthetic resin, and a space for water reservoir is formed between members constituting the skeleton structure, and the interior of the member itself is also a space for water reservoir. It has become. The inside and outside gaps of these members communicate with each other to form a large gap portion 14 as a whole.
The space forming means 4 is made of hard synthetic resin such as polypropylene, polyethylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), polyvinyl chloride, and fiber reinforced plastic (FRP), and each component is injection molded and extruded. Each is integrally formed by molding or the like.
[0009]
An inflow pipe 16 is provided on the upper portion of the side portion 6 of the underground water tank 1. The inflow pipe 16 is a pipe for allowing inflow water 15 such as rainwater to flow into the underground water storage tank 1 and communicates with the gap portion 14.
An outflow pipe 18 is provided at the lower portion of the side portion 6. The outflow pipe 18 communicates with the gap 14 in order to allow rainwater or the like stored in the underground water storage tank 1 to flow out as outflow water 17. The inflow pipe 16 and the outflow pipe 18 may be provided on the ceiling portion 7 and the bottom portion 5, respectively.
Using this underground water storage tank 1, for example, rainwater collected on the roof of a building can be introduced from the inflow pipe 16 into the water reservoir space 3 to be stored and discharged from the outflow pipe 18. The effluent water 17 is discharged into a river or the like, or used for irrigating a park green space.
In the underground water storage tank 1 shown in FIG. 1, the ceiling portion 7 is not covered with the water-impervious sheet 9 and has a non-sealed structure through which rainwater can pass. Accordingly, part of the rainwater that has fallen on the ground surface penetrates the ground and flows into the water reservoir space 3 through the through hole 12 of the outer plate member 8 of the ceiling portion 7.
In addition, if the bottom part 5 of the underground water tank 1 is made into the non-sealing structure which rain water can pass, after rain water is once stored in the underground water tank 1, it can be made to infiltrate slowly into the ground from the bottom part 5. Or you may make the airtight sheet | seat 9 and the protection sheets 10 and 11 also in the ceiling part 7 of the underground water tank 1 so that the whole space formation means 4 may be enclosed and sealed structure.
[0010]
Next, the space forming means 4 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the space forming means 4 includes a plurality of columnar members 30 and a plurality of horizontal bar-shaped members 31 and 32, and has a combined frame structure as a whole.
The plurality of rod-shaped members 30 are arranged in the entire water reservoir space 3 in a substantially regular manner in parallel to each other in the vertical direction (Y direction). The plurality of horizontal bar-like members include a plurality of parallel first horizontal bar-like members 31 and a plurality of parallel second horizontal bar-like members 32 whose central axes are substantially perpendicular to each other.
The first horizontal bar-shaped members 31 are joined to the columnar members 30 arranged in a row at the joints 33 and face the substantially horizontal X direction in parallel with each other and almost regularly. Is arranged.
Similarly, the second horizontal bar-like members 32 are joined to the columnar members 30 arranged in a row at the joints 33, facing the substantially horizontal Z direction, parallel to each other and almost regularly. The storage space 3 is arranged throughout.
Thus, the rod-shaped member 30, the first horizontal bar-shaped member 31 and the second horizontal bar-shaped member 32 are bonded at the bonding portion 33 so as to face three directions (Y direction, X direction, Z direction) substantially perpendicular to each other. Has been.
This framework structure is the same (or substantially the same) in the later-described modified example and the second and third embodiments.
In addition, one horizontal bar-shaped member among the first and second horizontal bar-shaped members 31 and 32 is connected by a connecting member (not shown) having sufficient strength, and the other horizontal bar-shaped member is omitted. It may be the case.
[0011]
A joining member 34 is disposed in the joining portion 33. The joining member 34 joins the opposing columnar members 30 in a straight line, joins the opposing first horizontal bar-like members 31 in a straight line, and connects the opposing second horizontal bar-like members 32 to each other. Are joined in a straight line. Further, the joining member 34 joins the columnar member 30, the first horizontal bar-shaped member 31, and the second horizontal bar-shaped member 32 at the joint portion 33.
At the ends of the columnar member 30 and the first and second horizontal bar members 31 and 32 in the outer peripheral part (bottom part 5, side part 6, ceiling part 7) of the water reservoir space 3, there is a bottom part of the water reservoir space 3. 5, the outer-plate member 8 arrange | positioned at the side part 6 and the ceiling part 7, respectively is attached.
A plurality of concave portions 35 are arranged almost regularly in the entire outer plate member 8. The end portions of the columnar member 30 and the first and second horizontal bar members 31 and 32 are engaged with and supported by the recesses 35. Thereby, the columnar member 30 and the first and second horizontal bar members 31 and 32 are positioned and held at predetermined positions so as not to move.
The columnar member 30 and the first and second horizontal bar members 31 and 32 are constituted by a pipe 40 having a circular cross section, and a plurality of through holes 41 for allowing water to freely pass through the peripheral surface of the pipe 40. It is installed.
Thereby, rainwater can be stored also in the internal space of the pipe 40, and the amount of water that can be stored in the underground water storage tank 1 can be increased. The through hole 41 may not be formed.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 4A, the joining member 34 is integrally formed as a whole by fixing three sockets 42 facing three directions substantially perpendicular to each other. The pipe 40 is fitted into the socket 42 and is locked to the socket 42 by a fixing pin 43. The three sockets 42 may be fixed to each other using a fixing member (not shown) or the like.
In many cases, the pipe 40 is inserted through the socket 42 as shown in FIG. 4 (B). However, as shown in FIG. May be connected. In this case, the pipe 40 is locked to the socket 42 by the fixing pin 43 in the vicinity of the end portion 44.
4 (B) and 4 (C), a hole is formed in the socket 42 and the pipe 40 in advance, and a fixing pin 43 is inserted into the hole to be locked. By doing so, the pipe 40 can be easily attached to the joining member 34 with one touch, and the assembly work of the space forming means 4 is facilitated.
2 to 4, the columnar member 30, the first horizontal bar-shaped member 31, and the second horizontal bar-shaped member 32 are slightly different from each other in the central axis, but are substantially perpendicular to each other. It is joined at the joint 33 in the direction.
[0013]
5 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the space forming means, FIG. 6A is a perspective view showing the joining member 34a of FIG. 5, FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view showing the joining portion 33 of FIG. (C) is sectional drawing which shows the modification with respect to FIG. 6 (B).
In the joining portion 33 of the space forming means 4a shown in FIG. 5, a joining member 34a (FIG. 6A) having a different configuration is used. In this joining member 34a, the columnar member 30, the first horizontal bar-shaped member 31 and the second horizontal bar-shaped member 32 are directed in three directions substantially perpendicular to each other by their central axes intersecting at one point. Joined at the joint 33.
In the joining member 34a, a pipe-shaped socket 42 is arranged in the vertical direction (Y direction), and the socket 42a is integrally formed in a cross shape in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction) with respect to the socket 42.
The pipe 40 of the columnar member 30 is inserted into the vertical socket 42, and the pipes 40 of the first and second horizontal bar members 31 and 32 are inserted into the horizontal socket 42a.
In this case, as shown in FIG. 6 (B), the fixing pin 43 is used to lock the pipe 40 to the socket 42a, or as shown in FIG. The locking portion 45 may be bent and the locking portion 45 may be engaged with the locked portion 46 formed inside the socket 42a.
According to the configuration shown in FIG. 6C, the labor for attaching the fixing pin 43 is not required, so that the assembling work is further simplified and the number of parts can be reduced.
[0014]
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing another modification of the space forming means.
In the joining portion 33 of the space forming means 4a1 shown in FIG. 7, no joining member is used. In this case, the pipe 40 constituting the columnar member 30 is integrally united with the pipe 40 constituting the first and second horizontal bar-like members 31 and 32 by the joint portion 33 to form a unit.
Also in the space forming means 4a1, the columnar member 30, and the first and second horizontal bar members 31 and 32 are joined by the joining portion 33 in three directions substantially perpendicular to each other.
[0015]
FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view showing a joint portion between pipes in a columnar member and a horizontal bar-like member of the present invention, and FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view showing a modification to FIG. 8A.
In the first embodiment and the second and third embodiments described later, the pipes 40 in the columnar member 30 and the horizontal bar-shaped member are joined as shown in FIG.
For example, as shown in FIG. 8A, both pipes 40 can be fitted and positioned, and both pipes 40 can be connected by a fixing pin 43.
As shown in FIG. 8B, the locking portion 45 formed at the end of one pipe 40 is engaged with the locked portion 47 formed inside the other pipe 40. It may be.
[0016]
(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 9 to FIG. 11 are views showing the second embodiment, FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a part of the space forming means 4b, FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a part of the space forming means 4b, and FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the space formation means 4c concerning a modification.
The space forming means 4b and 4c shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 have a columnar member 30 and first and second horizontal bar-shaped members 31 and 32, similarly to the space forming means of the first embodiment. ing.
Further, the plurality of horizontal bar-like members of the space forming means 4b and 4c are in a horizontal plane with respect to one horizontal bar-like member (that is, the first horizontal bar-like member 31 or the second horizontal bar-like member 32). And a plurality of parallel third horizontal bar members 50 facing at least one direction oblique at a predetermined angle (for example, 45 degrees). The third horizontal bar member 50 is joined to the columnar member 30 at the joint portion 33.
[0017]
In the case of the space forming means 4b shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the plurality of third horizontal bar-shaped members 50 are arranged at a predetermined angle θ (for example, 45 in the horizontal plane) with respect to the first horizontal bar-shaped member 31. Degrees) are arranged in parallel with each other in an oblique direction.
The joining member 34b includes three sockets 42 that face in the X, Y, and Z directions, and one socket 42 that is integrally fixed to the two sockets 42 and faces the axial direction of the third horizontal bar-like member 50. have. The joining member 34b is integrally formed as a whole.
Therefore, in the joint part 33 to which the third horizontal bar member 50 is joined, the joint member 34b is used, and the joint part 33 to which the columnar member 30, the first and second horizontal bar members 31 and 32 are joined. Then, the same joining member 34 as in the first embodiment is used. In the third horizontal bar member 50, the same pipe 40 as in the first embodiment is used.
[0018]
In the case of the space forming means 4b shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the third horizontal bar-like member 50 is disposed obliquely (for example, at an angle θ = 45 degrees) in the horizontal plane. Accordingly, the outer plate member 8 can be disposed obliquely in a plan view on the side portion 6 of the water reservoir space 3 and brought into contact with the end portion 51 of the third horizontal bar-shaped member 50. The outer plate member 8 is preferably arranged at a substantially right angle with respect to the third horizontal bar member 50.
As a result, the outer plate member 8 is supported by a plurality of arranged third horizontal bar members 50, so that the space forming means 4b has sufficient strength against earth pressure.
Note that, as in the space forming means 4c shown in FIG. 11, the third horizontal bar-like member 50 may be joined by the joining member 34c so as to face two directions. In this space forming means 4c, the eight sockets 42a of the joining member 34c branch off at the same angle in the horizontal direction, and the first to third horizontal bar-shaped members 31, 32, 50 that face the four horizontal directions in total are provided. Is provided. All the horizontal bar members 31, 32, 50 are joined to the columnar member 30 and intersect at one point.
According to the space forming means 4b and 4c of the second embodiment, the shape of the underground water storage tank 1 in a plan view can be a polygon or an irregular shape such as a hexagon or octagon other than a rectangle. As a result, the underground water tank 1 can be configured in an arbitrary shape corresponding to the shape of the site.
[0019]
(Third embodiment)
12 and 13 show the third embodiment. FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a part of the space forming means 4d. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a part of the space forming means 4e according to the modification. It is.
In the space forming means 4d shown in FIG. 12, the columnar member 30, and the first and second horizontal bar members 31 and 32 are constituted by a pipe 60 having a rectangular cross section. Note that, similarly to the first and second embodiments, it is preferable that a plurality of through holes for allowing water to freely pass through are formed in the peripheral surface of the pipe 60.
The joining member 34 d has a shape corresponding to the rectangular pipe 60 and is integrally formed as a whole, and is disposed in the joining portion 33. Therefore, the joining member 34d joins the opposing columnar members 30 in a straight line, joins the opposing horizontal bar members in a straight line, and joins the columnar member 30 and the horizontal bar members 31 and 32 together. can do.
In the space forming means 4e shown in FIG. 13, the columnar member 30 and the horizontal bar members 31 and 32 are constituted by a steel plate 61 having a groove shape (a U-shaped cross section). Since the columnar member 30 is open on one side and the horizontal bar members 31 and 32 are open on the lower side, it is preferable because earth and sand do not accumulate in the space forming means 4e. In addition to the groove shape, the shape steel 61 may be a mountain shape (L-shaped cross section), an H shape, or the like.
[0020]
The plurality of columnar members 30 in the space forming means 4, 4 a, 4 a 1, 4 b to 4 e of the first to third embodiments face the vertical direction in parallel to each other and almost regularly in the entire water reservoir space 3. The plurality of horizontal bar-shaped members are joined to the columnar members 30 arranged in a row at the joint portion 33, and are substantially parallel to each other in a substantially horizontal direction and are regularly arranged in the water reservoir space 3. It is arranged in the whole. Since the space forming means has a combined frame structure as a whole, it is possible to set a sufficient strength against earth pressure.
At the joint portion of each member in the space forming means 4, 4 a, 4 a 1, 4 b to 4 e, the tensile force is small and mainly the compressive force acts, so the joint portion has sufficient strength to withstand the compressive force.
Regarding the strength in the vertical direction in the space forming means 4, 4 a, 4 a 1, 4 b to 4 e for forming the water reservoir space 3, the material, shape, structure, thickness, pitch between members, etc. of the columnar member 30 are arbitrarily set. can do. Similarly, regarding the strength in the horizontal direction, the material, shape, structure, thickness, pitch between members, etc. of the first to third horizontal bar members 31, 32, 50 can be arbitrarily set. .
As a result, the vertical strength and horizontal strength of the space forming means 4, 4 a, 4 a 1, 4 b to 4 e are determined according to the construction site conditions such as the shape and structure of the underground water storage tank 1, the ground, or the filling member The strength of the filling member can be set individually and arbitrarily for each installation position.
In general, since a higher strength is required in the vertical direction than in the horizontal direction, for example, the diameter of the columnar member is preferably larger than that of the horizontal bar-shaped member.
[0021]
In the underground water storage tank 1 of the present invention, the columnar member and the horizontal bar-shaped member may be joined together at the joining portion, so that the assembly work is easier than in the conventional filling member, and a large porosity is obtained. be able to.
In this way, the underground water tank 1 is easy to construct, has a short construction period, is inexpensive, has excellent earthquake resistance, and the upper part of the underground water tank 1 is backfilled with soil so that it can be used as a park or the like. It can be used effectively.
Since the columnar member 30, the first horizontal bar-shaped member 31, and the second horizontal bar-shaped member 32 are oriented in three directions substantially perpendicular to each other, the substantially rectangular shape surrounded by the three members 30, 31, 32 is formed. The opening is relatively large.
Therefore, the inflow pipe 16 and the outflow pipe 18 arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the water reservoir space 3 can be inserted directly into the water reservoir space 3 through the opening with their diameters increased. As a result, it is not necessary to separately provide an eaves or the like in the vicinity of the inflow portion and the outflow portion of the rainwater in the underground water tank 1, and the structure is simplified.
In the water reservoir space 3, the openings communicate with each other in a straight line, so that water can easily flow through the water reservoir space 3, and maintenance work such as inspection of the water reservoir space 3 and removal of earth and sand is facilitated. It can be carried out.
[0022]
Commercially available products can be used for the pipes and shaped steel for the columnar member and the horizontal bar member, so that the manufacturing cost of the space forming means can be reduced.
In each of the above embodiments, the columnar members 30 are arranged in a lattice shape in a plan view, but may be a case where the columnar members 30 are arranged almost regularly in a staggered manner in a plan view.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and additions are possible within the scope of the present invention.
In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
  The present inventionThe groundSpace forming means for forming a water reservoir space insideSince the respective end portions of the columnar member and the horizontal bar-shaped member are engaged with and supported by the recesses of the outer plate member, the columnar member and the horizontal bar-shaped member are placed at predetermined positions so as not to move. The space forming means has a combined frame structure as a whole, and the joining members arranged in the joining portion join the opposing columnar members in a straight line and face each other. Since the horizontal bar members are joined in a straight line in the horizontal direction, and the columnar member and the horizontal bar member are joined, sufficient strength against earth pressure is obtained.Can be set.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 to FIG. 8 are views showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an underground water storage tank.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a part of the space forming means of the underground water storage tank.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a part of the space forming means.
4 (A) is a perspective view showing a joining member of the space forming means, FIG. 4 (B) is a cross-sectional view showing a joining portion of FIG. 3, and FIG. 4 (C) is relative to FIG. 4 (B). It is sectional drawing which shows a modification.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a modification of the space forming means.
6A is a perspective view showing the joining member of FIG. 5, FIG. 6B is a sectional view showing the joining portion of FIG. 5, and FIG. 6C is a modification to FIG. 6B. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing another modification of the space forming means.
8A is a cross-sectional view showing a joint portion between pipes, and FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view showing a modification to FIG. 8A.
9 to 11 are views showing the second embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a part of the space forming means.
FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a part of the space forming means.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a modification of the space forming means.
12 and 13 are views showing a third embodiment, and FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a part of the space forming means.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a modification of the space forming means.
[Explanation of symbols]
  1 Underground water tank
  3 Puddle space
  4, 4a, 4a1, 4b-4e Space forming means
  5 Bottom
  6 side
  7 Ceiling
  8 Outer plate member
  12 Through hole of outer plate member
  30 Columnar member
  31. First horizontal bar member (horizontal bar member)
  32 Second horizontal bar member (horizontal bar member)
  33 joints
  34, 34a-34d Joining member
  35 recess
  40 pipes
  41 Through hole
  50 Third horizontal bar member (horizontal bar member)
  60 pipes
  61 section steel
  θ Predetermined angle

Claims (6)

地中に水溜め空間を形成するために空間形成手段が設けられた地下貯水槽であって、
前記空間形成手段は、垂直方向を向いて互いに平行に且つほぼ規則的に前記水溜め空間の全体に配列された複数の柱状部材と、列状に複数並んだ前記柱状部材に接合部で接合され、ほぼ水平な少なくとも一方向を向いて互いに平行に且つほぼ規則的に前記水溜め空間の全体に配列された複数の水平方向棒状部材とを備え、全体として組合わされた骨組構造をなして構成され、
前記接合部に配置された接合部材は、対向する前記柱状部材どうしを一直線状に接合するとともに、対向する前記水平方向棒状部材どうしを水平方向に一直線状に接合し、且つ前記柱状部材と前記水平方向棒状部材とを接合し、
前記水溜め空間の外周部における前記柱状部材および前記水平方向棒状部材の各端部には、前記水溜め空間の底部,側部および天井部にそれぞれ配置された外板部材が取付けられており、
この外板部材の全体には複数の凹部がほぼ規則的に並んで配列され、前記柱状部材および前記水平方向棒状部材の前記各端部が、前記凹部に係合して支持されていることを特徴とする地下貯水槽。
An underground water tank provided with space forming means for forming a water reservoir space in the ground,
The space forming means is joined at a joint portion to a plurality of columnar members arranged in the vertical direction in parallel to each other and almost regularly in the entire water reservoir space, and a plurality of columnar members arranged in a row. A plurality of horizontal rod-like members arranged in a substantially horizontal manner in parallel to each other in at least one direction that is substantially horizontal, and configured in a generally combined frame structure. ,
The joining members disposed in the joining portion join the opposing columnar members in a straight line, join the opposing horizontal bar-like members in a straight line in the horizontal direction, and connect the columnar member and the horizontal member. Join the direction bar-shaped member,
At each end of the columnar member and the horizontal bar-shaped member in the outer peripheral portion of the water reservoir space, an outer plate member disposed on the bottom, side and ceiling of the water reservoir space is attached, respectively.
A plurality of recesses are arranged almost regularly in the entire outer plate member, and the respective end portions of the columnar member and the horizontal bar member are supported by being engaged with the recesses. A characteristic underground water tank.
前記複数の水平方向棒状部材は、各中心軸線が互いにほぼ直角な、複数の平行な第1の水平方向棒状部材と複数の平行な第2の水平方向棒状部材とを含み、
前記柱状部材,前記第1の水平方向棒状部材および前記第2の水平方向棒状部材は、互いにほぼ直角な3方向を向いて前記接合部で接合されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の地下貯水槽。
The plurality of horizontal bar-like members include a plurality of parallel first horizontal bar-like members and a plurality of parallel second horizontal bar-like members, each center axis being substantially perpendicular to each other,
2. The columnar member, the first horizontal bar-shaped member, and the second horizontal bar-shaped member are joined at the joint portion in three directions substantially perpendicular to each other. Underground water tank.
前記複数の水平方向棒状部材は、一方の前記水平方向棒状部材に対して水平面内で所定角度斜めの少なくとも一方向を向く複数の平行な第3の水平方向棒状部材をさらに含み、
この第3の水平方向棒状部材は前記接合部で前記柱状部材に接合されていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の地下貯水槽。
The plurality of horizontal bar-shaped members further include a plurality of parallel third horizontal bar-shaped members that face at least one direction that is inclined at a predetermined angle in a horizontal plane with respect to one of the horizontal bar-shaped members,
The underground water storage tank according to claim 2, wherein the third horizontal bar member is joined to the columnar member at the joint.
前記柱状部材および前記水平方向棒状部材は、パイプにより構成され、このパイプの周面には水を自在に通過させるための貫通孔が穿設されていることを特徴とする請求項1ないしのいずれかの項に記載の地下貯水槽。The columnar member and said horizontal rod-like member is constituted by a pipe, of claims 1 to 3 on the peripheral surface of the pipe, characterized in that the through-hole for passing freely water is bored An underground water tank according to any one of the items. 前記柱状部材および前記水平方向棒状部材は、所定の断面形状を有する形鋼により構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1ないしのいずれかの項に記載の地下貯水槽。The underground water storage tank according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the columnar member and the horizontal bar-shaped member are made of steel having a predetermined cross-sectional shape. 前記外板部材には、その全体に渡って多数の貫通孔が穿設されていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし5のいずれかの項に記載の地下貯水槽。The underground water storage tank according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the outer plate member has a large number of through holes formed throughout the outer plate member.
JP2002079924A 2002-03-22 2002-03-22 Underground water tank Expired - Lifetime JP3999990B2 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101346424B1 (en) * 2012-03-26 2014-02-14 관동대학교산학협력단 Retaining and infiltrating facility for rain-water

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JP4452592B2 (en) * 2004-09-14 2010-04-21 積水化学工業株式会社 Rainwater outflow control facility
KR100806244B1 (en) * 2004-10-04 2008-02-22 도요 고무 고교 가부시키가이샤 Member for rainwater containing structure and rainwater containing structure body using the same
JP4488934B2 (en) * 2005-03-10 2010-06-23 タキロン株式会社 Groundwater tank filler
JP6304678B2 (en) * 2013-08-12 2018-04-04 晴明 山崎 Water tank and unit panel
FR3080867B1 (en) * 2018-05-03 2020-10-23 Rehau Tube Sarl THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE TO BE MOUNTED TO FILL AN UNDERGROUND RAINWATER RETENTION BASIN

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101346424B1 (en) * 2012-03-26 2014-02-14 관동대학교산학협력단 Retaining and infiltrating facility for rain-water

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