JP3794830B2 - Isolation device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a vibration isolation device interposed between a vibration isolation object and a lower structure below the object, and in particular, supports a vibration isolation object with a rolling support member to increase the horizontal vibration period. The present invention also relates to a vibration isolator that applies a damping resistance force to a horizontal movement by a friction damper.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a device for isolating building vibration caused by earthquakes and strong winds, a laminated rubber isolator is interposed between the upper structure to be isolated and the lower structure below it, and their relative A device that absorbs a large horizontal displacement is known. Here, the laminated rubber isolators are formed by alternately stacking thin rubber sheets and steel plates, and the vertical deformation with respect to the burden load is extremely small and excellent in load bearing performance, while being rich in elastic deformation performance in the horizontal direction. And sufficient elastic restoring force.
[0003]
By the way, the collapse of furniture or the like due to an earthquake or the like and the damage to the structure are increased when the vibration period is short. Therefore, in order to reduce the damage, it is desirable to lengthen the natural vibration of the building.
[0004]
As is well known here, the natural vibration period of the object to be isolated is basically expressed by the following equation.
T (vibration period) = 2π · (m / k) ^1/2
[0005]
In other words, the natural vibration period of the object to be isolated is determined by its mass m and the spring constant k. Therefore, the weight of the superstructure to be isolated is increased, and the horizontal spring constant of the laminated rubber isolator is set smaller. The natural vibration of the superstructure becomes longer.
[0006]
However, since the laminated rubber isolator supports the load of the superstructure, the load bearing performance cannot be secured if the material of the rubber sheet is softened excessively. Therefore, in order to set the spring constant in the horizontal direction of the laminated rubber isolator small, there is a restriction in relation to the burden load.
[0007]
Moreover, even if the weight of the upper structure is increased and the period is increased, the weight is almost determined by the structure type of the building, and cannot be increased excessively considering the construction cost. In addition, if the weight is increased, the spring constant needs to be set high.
[0008]
In other words, in the conventional laminated rubber isolator, there is a limit to lengthening the natural vibration of the superstructure, and it is difficult to lengthen it to a desired value. In particular, the weight of the superstructure in ordinary houses is much lighter than that of building structures, so the laminated rubber isolator is unsuitable as a vibration isolator for ordinary houses. .
[0009]
Therefore, as a vibration isolator capable of extending the period, it is considered that a rolling support member composed of a large number of small balls is interposed between the upper structure and the lower structure. That is, if the load of the upper structure is transmitted to the lower structure via the rolling support member, the displacement in the horizontal plane is allowed for relative movement between the upper structure and the lower structure. Since a high degree of freedom can be given and the frictional force accompanying the relative movement can be made extremely small, the vibration period of the superstructure can be made as long as possible.
[0010]
As this type of rolling bearing, for example, one disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-29674 is known.
[0011]
Here, in such a rolling support structure, although it is extremely effective in that the degree of freedom in the vibration isolation direction is large and the natural vibration period can be made extremely long, it has almost no braking function. When adopting it as a vibration isolator, it is necessary to provide a separate damper mechanism that adds resistance and damps the relative movement between the upper structure and the lower structure, and the use of a friction damper is considered as the damper mechanism. ing.
[0012]
That is, the friction damper is in contact with the sliding plate with a predetermined pressing force by a spring plate laid on the upper surface of the lower structure and with a predetermined pressing force, and is integrated with the upper structure in the horizontal direction. It has a sliding friction material, and a horizontal force greater than the static frictional force between the friction material and the sliding plate acts between the upper structure and the lower structure due to an earthquake, etc., causing relative movement to them. The frictional force at that time is determined by the coefficient of friction between the friction material and the sliding plate and the pressing force that presses the friction material against the sliding plate, and the damping force as the damper is determined by the above friction. An appropriate value can be adjusted by arbitrarily setting the coefficient and the pressing force.
[0013]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, if the rolling bearing member and the friction damper are individually arranged in parallel as described above to constitute the vibration isolator, it takes time to install the rolling bearing member and the friction damper individually. Therefore, there is a problem in that it is difficult to apply to a general house.
[0014]
The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rolling bearing member capable of lengthening the natural vibration of a vibration-isolating object and a damping force with respect to a horizontal relative displacement. An object of the present invention is to provide a vibration isolator that can be applied to ordinary houses and can be reduced in size as much as possible and reduced in installation work, and can be reduced in installation work.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve such an object, in the invention according to claim 1 of this application, a vibration isolator interposed between the opposing surfaces of the object to be isolated and the lower structure below the object is provided on one of the opposing surfaces. A sliding plate, a support member having a base end attached to the other of the opposing surfaces and having a tip projecting toward the sliding plate, and being interposed between the tip of the support member and the sliding plate A rolling support member composed of a large number of small balls that transmits the load of the vibration isolation object to the substructure, and the outer surface of the rolling support member is surrounded by a small ball that surrounds the periphery of the rolling support member. A ring-shaped friction material that keeps the function as a restricting member that prevents rolling out, and that comes into sliding contact with the sliding plate, and a reaction force is obtained from the support member to press the friction material toward the sliding plate. absorbs biasing means, the flexural deformation due to offset load of the vibration-isolating object to be energized The rolling bearing member provided in serial support member distal end has a configuration comprising, a rubber plate for causing vertically abuts the sliding plate.
[0016]
According to the above configuration, the ring-shaped friction material is provided so as to surround the rolling support mechanism composed of the rolling support member and the support member that supports the load of the vibration isolation object and transmits the load to the lower structure. And the friction damper mechanism consisting of the urging means and the rolling support mechanism and the friction damper mechanism are integrated, so that the entire device can be made as compact as possible and the installation space can be reduced. In addition to being able to be installed in a narrow space, the rolling support mechanism and the friction damper mechanism can be installed simultaneously, so that the installation work can be performed easily.
[0017]
In addition, since the load of the object to be isolated is rigidly supported by the lower structure through the rolling support mechanism composed of the rolling support member and the support member, the load of the vibration isolation object is influenced by the biasing force of the friction material of the friction damper mechanism. The weight does not adversely affect the urging force, so that the urging force can always be maintained at a desired value.For this reason, by appropriately setting the urging force and the friction coefficient between the friction material and the sliding plate, The damping force by the friction damper can be easily adjusted and maintained at an appropriate value.
[0018]
Further, the biasing means of the friction damper does not need to directly support the weight of the upper structure, and is only required to have rigidity enough to generate a desired friction force on the friction material. Can be formed.
[0019]
Furthermore, since the weight of the object to be isolated does not relate to its natural vibration period, it can be sufficiently applied to a lightweight ordinary house.
[0020]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a disc spring is used as the biasing means, and the pressing biasing force by the disc spring is set within a non-linear spring region of the disc spring in which the fluctuation of the elastic force with respect to the deflection amount fluctuation is small. As a result, even when the amount of deformation of the disc spring changes within the non-linear spring region due to various causes, the fluctuation of the pressing biasing force of the friction member is extremely small and is generated by the friction damping force generation unit. The frictional resistance can be maintained substantially constant, the fluctuation of the vibration damping force can be prevented, the stability of the energy absorption capacity can be greatly improved, and the vibration isolation performance can be improved.
[0021]
In the invention according to claim 3, since the restoration means for returning the horizontal relative position to the reference position is provided between the vibration isolation object and the lower structure, the vibration isolation object and the lower structure are provided. Can be automatically returned to the initial reference position and held.
[0022]
Here, as shown in the invention according to claim 4, an elastic body can be used as the restoring means, and the elastic body does not bear the load of the object to be isolated, or the burden load is reduced. Thus, the elastic modulus in the horizontal direction of the elastic body can be set as small as possible. For this reason, even if such a vibration isolation object becomes a vibration system by interposing such an elastic body, the period of the natural vibration of the vibration isolation object can be sufficiently lengthened.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a vibration isolator according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0024]
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the vibration isolator according to the first embodiment. As shown in the figure, the vibration isolator 10 is provided between opposed surfaces of an upper structure 12 of a building that is an object of vibration isolation and a foundation structure 14 that is a lower structure. The vibration isolator 10 includes a sliding plate 26 laid on the upper surface of the foundation structure 14 facing the lower surface of the upper structure 12, and a base end portion fixed to the lower surface of the upper structure 12, and a distal end portion of the vibration isolation device 10. A large number of supporting members 30 projecting downward toward the sliding plate 26, and a large number of intermediate members 14 interposed between the lower surface of the front end of the supporting member 30 and the sliding plate 26 to transmit the load of the upper structure 12 to the foundation structure 14. A rolling support member 32 composed of small steel balls 28, a ring-shaped friction material 24 provided on the outer periphery of the rolling support member 32 and slidably in contact with the sliding plate 26, and a reaction force from the support member 30 to obtain the friction material 24. It consists mainly of a disc spring body 16 as urging means for urging and pressing toward the sliding plate 26.
[0025]
The support member 30 is formed in a disk-like mounting flange portion 30a with the diameter of the base end portion of the upper end being increased, and this mounting flange portion 30a is integrally formed with the upper structure 12 via a rubber plate 31 with bolts or the like. It is fixed. Here, the rubber plate 31 absorbs the bending deformation at the tip of the supporting member 30 even when the bending deformation caused by the uneven load or the like occurs in the upper structure 12 side portion where the supporting member 30 is attached. bearing member 32 rolling provided is for automatically be adjusted so as to abut against the vertically sliding plate 26.
[0026]
A cylindrical rod portion 30b extending downward toward the sliding plate 26 is integrally formed at the central portion of the mounting flange portion 30a of the support member 30, and the tip end portion of the rod portion 30b is formed flat. A rolling support member 32 composed of a large number of small steel balls 28 is interposed between the lower surface and the sliding plate 26. That is, a rolling support mechanism is configured by the support member 30 and the rolling support member 32, and the load of the upper structure 12 is supported and transmitted to the foundation structure 14 by the rolling support mechanism.
[0027]
A large number of disc springs 16a having a through hole at the center are inserted into the rod portion 30b of the support member 30 constituting the rolling support mechanism, and the cylindrical disc spring body is stacked in the vertical direction and surrounds the support member 30. 16 is formed. A friction material 24 formed in a ring-shaped flat plate is provided at the lower end of the cylindrical disc spring body 16 so as to surround the outer side of the steel ball 28 of the rolling support member 32 provided at the lower end of the support member 30. It has been. The friction material 24 is pressed and urged against the sliding plate 26 on the upper surface of the foundation structure 14 by the elastic force of the disc spring body 16 to generate a damping force by the frictional force with the sliding plate 26. The disc spring body 16 has an upper end abutting against the mounting flange portion 30a of the support member 30 to obtain a reaction force. The support member 30, the disc spring body 16 and the friction material 24 A friction damper 34 is configured. Here, the pressing urging force by the disc spring body 16 is set in a non-linear spring region in which the fluctuation of the elastic force with respect to the deflection amount fluctuation of the disc spring body 16 is small. That is, the friction material 24 provided so as to surround the rolling support member 32 is pressed against the sliding plate 26 on the foundation structure 14 only by the elastic force of the disc spring body 16 regardless of the weight of the upper structure 12. It has become so. Further, the friction material 24 surrounds the periphery of the rolling support member 32 to eliminate dust and dirt on the sliding plate 26 in addition to a function as a regulating member for preventing the small steel ball 28 from rolling out. Thus, the rolling bearing member 32 also has a function of maintaining stable performance.
[0028]
That is, in the vibration isolator having the basic configuration including the rolling support mechanism and the friction damper mechanism, the upper structure 12 is not directly connected to the foundation structure 14 in the horizontal direction by the elastic body. The vibration system is not configured. Therefore, the period of the natural vibration in the horizontal direction of the upper structure 12 is infinite and is prolonged to the limit, and the relative movement is braked and damped by the friction damper.
[0029]
Here, in the first embodiment of the illustrated example, a laminated rubber 18 is further interposed between the upper structure 12 and the foundation structure 14, and the laminated rubber 18 is horizontally generated by an earthquake. A function as restoring means for returning the relative displacement in the direction to the reference position in the initial state is exhibited. The laminated rubber 18 is not subjected to the load of the upper structure 12, or the burden load is reduced. Therefore, the elastic modulus in the horizontal direction of the laminated rubber 18 can be set as small as possible. Therefore, the upper structure 12 forms a vibration system by interposing the laminated rubber 18 of such an elastic body. Even so, the period of the natural vibration of the superstructure 12 can be made sufficiently long.
[0030]
With the above-described configuration, in the vibration isolator 10 according to the present embodiment, the outer peripheral side of the rolling support mechanism including the rolling support member 32 that supports the load of the upper structure 12 and transmits the load to the foundation structure 14 and the support member 30. In addition, a friction damper mechanism composed of a ring-shaped friction material 24 and a disc spring body 16 as an urging means is disposed so as to surround them, and the rolling support mechanism and the friction damper mechanism are integrated. The vibration isolator 10 as a whole can be formed as compact as possible, the installation space can be reduced, it can be installed in a narrow space, and the rolling support mechanism and the friction damper mechanism can be installed at the same time. Attaching work can be performed easily.
[0031]
Further, a rolling support member 32 made up of a large number of small steel balls 28 is interposed between the support member 30 of the upper structure 12 and the foundation structure 14, so that the upper structure 12 is rolled onto the foundation structure 14. The weight of the upper structure 12 is mostly received by this rolling support mechanism, and the weight of the upper structure 12 adversely affects the pressing biasing force of the friction damper 34. There is no. Therefore, the pressing urging force can always be maintained at a desired value. For this reason, by appropriately setting the urging force and the friction coefficient between the friction material 24 and the sliding plate 26 as appropriate, the damping by the friction damper 34 can be performed. The force can be easily adjusted and maintained at an appropriate value.
[0032]
Further, since the initial deflection deformation amount of the disc spring body 16 is set in the non-linear spring region where the fluctuation of the elastic force of the disc spring body 16 is small, the pressing biasing force is generated. Even when the amount of deformation of the spring body 16 changes within the non-linear spring region, the variation of the pressing biasing force applied to the friction material of the friction damping force generation unit can be extremely small. Therefore, the frictional resistance generated by the frictional damping force generation unit can be maintained substantially constant, thus preventing fluctuations in the vibration damping capability and stability of energy absorption capability, which has been considered difficult until now. Can improve the vibration isolation performance of the building.
[0033]
Further, the rolling support mechanism from the support member 30 and the rolling support member 32 has high rigidity, and the vertical distance between the mounting flange portion 30a of the support member 30 and the sliding plate 26 on the foundation structure 14 is always constant. Therefore, the pressing biasing force between the friction material 24 and the sliding plate 26 is stabilized, the frictional force of the friction damper 34 is also stabilized, and good vibration isolation performance is obtained.
[0034]
In addition, since the friction material 24 has a ring shape and is disposed so as to surround the periphery of the rolling support member 32, a substantially equal friction damping force is applied to the periphery of the rolling support mechanism portion, so that the upper structure 12 and the basic structure are provided. Even if a relative displacement force in any direction in the horizontal plane acts between the object 14 and the rolling bearing mechanism part, the frictional damping force is not biased, and a stable vibration isolation effect is obtained and the upper structure 12 is obtained. Therefore, it is possible to prevent as much as possible the occurrence of deterioration or damage of the building.
[0035]
In addition, since the laminated rubber 18 is interposed between the upper structure 12 and the foundation structure 14 and used as restoring means for returning the horizontal relative position to the reference position, the upper structure 12 includes the foundation structure 14. A restoring force that always tries to keep the relative position to the initial state works. That is, in order to make the vibration period longer, the upper structure 12 is supported by the rolling support member 32 and easily moved in any direction. As a result, the relative position between the upper structure 12 and the foundation structure 14 is increased. Even if there is a large deviation, the relative position of the upper and lower structures 12 and 14 can always be maintained in the initial state because of the restoring force to return to the reference position.
[0036]
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the second embodiment of the vibration isolator according to the present invention. Even in the vibration isolator 40 of the second embodiment, the basic configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment described above, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals, detailed description thereof is omitted, and is different. The point will be described in detail.
[0037]
That is, in the vibration isolator 40 of the second embodiment, the screw portion 30c is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rod portion 30b of the support member 30, and is screwed to the screw portion 30c to be the reaction force receiving member of the disc spring body 16. 38 is provided. Accordingly, the pressing biasing force of the disc spring body 16 can be easily adjusted by rotating the reaction force receiving member 38. In order to securely hold the fixed position of the reaction force receiving member 38, it is desirable to adopt a double nut structure.
[0038]
Further, in order to prevent the inner peripheral portion of the disc spring 16a from being caught by the screw portion 30c, a cylindrical sleeve 42 is fitted to the inner peripheral portion. A flange portion 42 a extending radially outward is integrally formed at the lower end of the sleeve 42, and the friction material 24 is integrally fixed to the flange portion 42 a, so that the lower end portion of the disc spring body 16 is fixed. Is in contact with the flange portion 42a.
[0039]
Further, a coil spring 20 is provided as a restoring means. At least three or more of the coil springs 20 are arranged radially, one end is locked to the mounting flange portion 30a of the support member 30, and the other end is locked to the support pole 44 standing on the foundation structure 14. Yes.
[0040]
In addition, although the example which applied the vibration isolator 10 and 40 of this invention to the building was shown in embodiment of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, this invention is not restricted to this, The vibration isolator which mounts precision instruments, etc. Applicable to all objects to be isolated.
[0041]
Further, the rolling support member 32 may be a thrust bearing-like structure in which a large number of steel balls are held by a cage, and the cage may be integrally fixed to the lower end of the support member 30.
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, the vibration isolator according to the present invention has the following excellent effects.
[0043]
(1) In the vibration isolator shown in claim 1, these are provided on the outer peripheral side of the rolling support mechanism composed of the rolling support member and the support member that supports the load of the object to be isolated and transmits it to the lower structure. A friction damper mechanism consisting of a ring-shaped friction material and its biasing means is arranged so as to surround the bearing, and the rolling support mechanism and the friction damper mechanism are integrated so that the entire device is as compact as possible. Thus, the installation space can be reduced, and it is possible to install in a narrow space. At the same time, the rolling support mechanism and the friction damper mechanism can be installed at the same time, and the installation work can be performed easily.
[0044]
In addition, the load of the object to be isolated is supported by the lower structure via a rolling support mechanism including a rolling support member and a support member, and the biasing force of the friction material of the friction damper mechanism obtains a reaction force on the support member. As a result, the weight of the object to be isolated does not adversely affect the biasing force of the friction material, and the biasing force can always be maintained at a desired value. By appropriately setting the coefficient of friction between the plates, the damping force by the friction damper can be easily adjusted to an appropriate value and maintained.
[0045]
Furthermore, the biasing means of the friction damper does not need to support the weight of the upper structure and only needs to have rigidity sufficient to generate a desired frictional force on the friction material, so that it can be formed small and inexpensive.
[0046]
Furthermore, since the weight of the object to be isolated does not relate to its natural vibration period, it can be sufficiently applied to a lightweight ordinary house.
[0047]
(2) In the vibration isolator according to claim 2, a disc spring is used as the biasing means, and the pressing biasing force by the disc spring has a small variation in the elastic force with respect to the deflection amount variation. Therefore, even when the amount of deformation of the disc spring changes within the non-linear spring region due to various causes, the fluctuation of the pressing biasing force of the friction member is extremely small. The frictional resistance generated by the damping force generator can be maintained almost constant, fluctuation of the vibration damping force is prevented, the stability of energy absorption capacity is greatly improved, and the vibration isolation performance can be improved. .
[0048]
(3) In the vibration isolator shown in claim 3, a restoring means for returning the relative position in the horizontal direction to the reference position is provided between the vibration isolation object and the lower structure. The relative position between the object to be isolated and the lower structure can be automatically returned to the initial reference position and held.
[0049]
(4) In the vibration isolator according to claim 4, an elastic body is used as the restoring means, and the elastic body does not bear the load in the vertical direction of the vibration isolation object, or the vertical direction thereof. The horizontal elastic modulus of the elastic body can be set as small as possible by reducing the burden load on the elastic body. Therefore, the object to be isolated constitutes a vibration system by interposing such an elastic body. Even in this case, the natural vibration period of the vibration-isolating object can be sufficiently increased.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a first embodiment of a vibration isolator according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a second embodiment of the vibration isolator according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
12 Superstructure (object to be isolated)
14 Foundation structure (substructure)
16 disc spring body 16a disc spring 18 laminated rubber 20 coil spring 24 friction material 26 sliding plate 28 small steel ball 30 support member
31 Rubber plate 32 Rolling support member 34 Friction damper

Claims (4)

A vibration isolator interposed between opposing surfaces of an object to be isolated and a lower structure therebelow, a sliding plate provided on one of the opposing surfaces, and a base end attached to the other of the opposing surfaces A support member having a tip projecting toward the sliding plate, and being interposed between the tip of the support member and the sliding plate, and transmitting a load of the vibration isolation object to the lower structure. A rolling support member made of small balls, and provided on the outer periphery of the rolling support member, has a function as a regulating member that surrounds the periphery of the rolling support member and prevents the small balls from rolling out to the outside. A ring-shaped friction material that is in sliding contact with the sliding plate, an urging means that presses and urges the friction material toward the sliding plate by obtaining a reaction force on the support member, and an uneven load on the vibration isolation object The sliding plate is provided with a rolling support member provided at the tip of the support member by absorbing the bending deformation caused by the sliding plate. Vibration isolation apparatus being characterized in that and a rubber plate for causing vertically abut. 2. A disc spring is used as the biasing means, and the pressing biasing force by the disc spring is set in a non-linear spring region of the disc spring in which the fluctuation of the elastic force with respect to the deflection amount fluctuation is small. The vibration isolator described. 3. The vibration isolation device according to claim 1, further comprising a restoring unit configured to return a relative position in a horizontal direction to a reference position between the vibration isolation object and the lower structure. apparatus. 4. The vibration isolator according to claim 3, wherein the restoring means is made of an elastic body.

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