JP3791939B2 - Method for producing lightweight cellular concrete board - Google Patents

Method for producing lightweight cellular concrete board Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3791939B2
JP3791939B2 JP01722595A JP1722595A JP3791939B2 JP 3791939 B2 JP3791939 B2 JP 3791939B2 JP 01722595 A JP01722595 A JP 01722595A JP 1722595 A JP1722595 A JP 1722595A JP 3791939 B2 JP3791939 B2 JP 3791939B2
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mortar
specific gravity
gravity layer
high specific
weight
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JPH08208349A (en
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重夫 椎橋
美智明 金田
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Asahi Kasei Construction Materials Corp
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Asahi Kasei Construction Materials Corp
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/10Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by using foaming agents or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)
  • Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、パネル表面の機械的強度や平滑性に優れ、なおかつ軽量にして断熱性に優れている軽量気泡コンクリート板の製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、軽量気泡コンクリート板は型枠内に気泡を含有したモルタルスラリーを打設し、所定時間放置してモルタルが硬化した後、脱型し、オートクレーブ養生して製造されている。型枠内に打設されるモルタルスラリーが高比重の場合には硬化後のパネル表面の機械的特性等が優れているが、断熱性が劣ると共に高重量となり易い。一方、低比重の場合にはパネル表面の機械的特性等が劣り衝撃や摩擦等により損傷を受けやすいものであった。また、塗装下地としては平滑性が不足しており、さらに水密性も不十分なものであった。そのため、軽量気泡コンクリート板の製造後、後処理が施されない状態ではパネルの取り扱いには特別の配慮が必要であり、パネル表面の機械的強度の向上や平滑性あるいは水密性を向上させるために種々の後処理を施す必要があった。
【0003】
そこで、軽量気泡コンクリート板表面を高比重層とし、機械的特性等に優れかつ軽量で断熱性に優れたパネルの製造方法としては、特開昭57ー7882号公報で示されるように、モルタル表面を気泡接触破壊具で処理する方法、特開昭57ー34908号公報のように振動運動を加えながらモルタル表面を処理する方法、特開平3ー55205号公報には図6のようなくし歯状体8を用いてモルタル表面を移動させる方法等が挙げられる。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、特開昭57ー7882号公報で示された加圧成形方法では高比重層の厚みが均一にならず、低比重層との界面の密着性が充分ではなく、長期的な使用に対しては必ずしも充分な耐久性を示すものではなかった。また、特開昭57ー34908号公報ではモルタルの表面脱泡が充分ではなく、部分的に低比重層が残存すると共に界面での密着性を改善するまでには至らず剥離する場合があり、採用することができないものであった。また、特開平3ー55205号公報ではくし歯状体でモルタル表面上を移動させるため、表面スキン層の厚みが薄いものしかできず、設定可能な厚みの範囲が狭いものであった。
【0005】
かかることから、本発明は、複層構造を有する軽量気泡コンクリート板の高比重層と低比重層との界面領域の密着性が充分でないため剥離してしまうという欠点を改善し、高比重層の厚みコントロールが容易で、機械的特性に優れた表面を有し、かつ充分な耐久性を示し、軽量で断熱性のある軽量気泡コンクリート板の製造方法を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の製造方法は、軽量気泡コンクリート用モルタルスラリーを型枠内に注入後、発泡させた後、モルタルの粘度上昇を遅らせる水又は水溶液を散布し、その後、モルタルが硬化する前にモルタルスラリーの表面領域の全面攪拌羽根を有する撹拌治具により撹拌し、該領域のモルタル中の気泡を除去することを特徴とするものである。
【0007】
即ち、型枠内に軽量気泡コンクリート用モルタルスラリーを注入し、発泡させた後、モルタルの粘度上昇を遅らせる水又は水溶液を散布し、その後、撹拌羽根を有する撹拌冶具をモルタル上部に撹拌冶具を挿入すると共に、回転運動させながら水平移動させる方法により高比重層を形成させるものである。
【0008】
本発明で用いる撹拌羽根を有する撹拌冶具は、モルタル上部の気泡を破壊しうる程度の大きさ、太さ、表面凹凸があり、ガスの除去を容易にするもので、図3の様な撹拌羽根状であれば良く、特に図4のようなスクリュウ型撹拌羽根などが好ましい。撹拌羽根の径としては3〜20cm程度が好ましく、特に直径7〜15cmが好ましい。材質は、発泡硬化したモルタル硬度に耐え、変形しないものであればよい。
【0009】
図3のように、撹拌羽根を有する撹拌治具のもう一方の端には駆動電動機が取り付けられ、前記撹拌羽根の動力源になっている。電動機は撹拌羽根にそれぞれ設けられていてもよく、また、複数の撹拌羽根に一つの動力源からそれぞれ送り込んでも良い。複数の撹拌治具をモルタルの表面領域に挿入するときには、その複数の撹拌治具を上部でフレーム等に一体的に結合させて、モルタルの表面領域を移動させるようにできる。
【0010】
本発明で用いる撹拌冶具の回転数の範囲は、200〜2000rpmが好ましい、特に500〜1300rpmが好ましい。撹拌冶具の回転数が低いとモルタルの粘度低下が充分でなく気泡が若干残存し、また、回転数が高くなるとモルタル上部からの空気の巻き込みがあり部分的に粗大気泡が残存する。また、撹拌冶具の回転方向は時計方向あるいは反時計方向のどちらでも良い。
【0011】
また、図1に示したように、半硬化した発泡モルタルの表面領域のガスの除去を行い高比重層を形成させるために挿入する撹拌治具を差し込む位置は、高比重層の厚みに応じて決められる。前記の撹拌治具をモルタル最上部に差し込んだ後、モルタル表面に沿って水平に移動する事によって、モルタル上部の気泡を破壊分解しながら除去することができる。
【0012】
撹拌治具は、モルタル上部に一定の間隔で支持片に取り付け、平行移動させながらモルタル表面領域の気泡を除去していってもよいし、前記支持片を複数個、支持フレームに取り付け、モルタル表面領域の気泡を一度に処理しうるようにしてもよい。本発明で作成した軽量気泡コンクリート板を構成する高比重層の厚みは、図1に示したように低比重モルタルに撹拌羽根を有する撹拌治具を挿入する深さを変えることにより所定の厚みに設定することが可能である。高比重層の厚みとしては、1mm〜10cmに設定することが好ましく、特に1cm〜5cmに設定することが好ましい。高比重層の厚みが、1mmより小さくなると高比重層側表面に部分的に気泡が残り、10cmより大きくなると高比重層内にアバタのように気泡が残存する。
【0013】
本発明で高比重層及び低比重層とは、軽量気泡コンクリート板の2層以上を構成する比重の異なる層の中で、比重の高い層を高比重層とし、比重の低い層を低比重層とする。その原料配合組成は、モルタル、コンクリート等を作製するときに用いるものであれば良く、セメント等の石灰質原料、粒度の異なる珪石等の珪酸質原料、石膏、発泡剤、水等から成っている。
【0014】
また、軽量気泡コンクリート板の低比重層及び高比重層の比重は、用いるモルタル組成等によって決まり、その一例としては、比重0.4〜0.6のモルタルを用いるとモルタル表面領域の高比重層の比重は0.7〜1.3に調整することができ、高比重層と低比重層とからなる複層構造の軽量気泡コンクリート板を成型することができる。この場合高比重層の比重が0.7より小さいとモルタル表面領域に気泡が点在し外観が悪くなり、比重が1.3より大きく界面領域での剥離或いは、反りを生じ易くなる。
【0015】
また、高比重層に対する低比重層の比重の比率としては、0.3〜0.9の範囲が好ましく、特に0.4〜0.7が好ましい。本発明の軽量気泡コンクリート板の製造方法は、例えばセメント等の石灰質原料、珪石等の珪酸質原料、解砕屑、石膏、発泡剤、水等を加えて混合した軽量気泡コンクリート用モルタルスラリーを型枠に注入し、発泡させた後、モルタルの粘度上昇を遅らせる水又は水溶液を散布し、その後、モルタルが硬化する前にモルタルスラリーの表面領域の全面回転羽根を有する撹拌治具により撹拌し、該領域のモルタル中の気泡を除去し、硬化させた後、オートクレーブ養生して製造するものである。
【0016】
ここで用いられるモルタルスラリー中のCaO/SiO2モル比は、0.4〜0.9が好ましく、特に0.5〜0.7が好ましい。CaO/SiO2モル比が0.9より大きくなるとオートクレーブ中の水熱反応によるトバモライトの生成が不充分になり、0.4より小さくなるとセメントの含有量が少なくなりモルタルの凝結が遅延する。
【0017】
またモルタルスラリーの固形分重量100重量部に対する水の重量比は、50〜90重量部が好ましく、特に、60〜80重量部が好ましい。このような原料組成からなる原材料として、珪石として微粉珪石及び解砕屑を用いることでトバモライトの結晶化度が向上し、微粉珪石及び解砕屑を用いないモルタルに比べ、機械的強度が高く、パネル内部の乾燥収縮率の差の小さいモルタル硬化体が生成する。微粉珪石の粉末度は、ブレーン法(JIS 5201)により測定し、ブレーン値で2000〜7000cm2/gが好ましく、特に2500〜6000cm2/gが好ましい。
【0018】
ここで用いる解砕屑とは、セメント等の石灰質原料、珪石等の珪酸質原料、石膏、発泡剤、水等を加えて混合したスラリーを所定時間、所定温度で調製したモルタルであり、所定時間としては30分以上が必要で、所定温度としては30℃〜90℃が好ましく、特に40℃〜80℃が好ましい。高比重層と低比重層の原料モルタル組成は、ほぼ同一原料組成からなり、かつ解砕屑を用いることにより、界面領域での密着性及びトバモライト結晶化度を向上させることができる。
【0019】
図7にアルミ粉を発泡剤として使用したモルタルを型枠に注入したときの発泡率と時間の関係の1例を示す。発泡率のカーブは、一般に初期に急激に立ち上がり、次第に緩やかになり飽和する。本発明における前記撹拌羽根を有する撹拌治具を差し込む時期は、型枠内のモルタルの発泡がほぼ完了した時点、すなわち、発泡率カーブが飽和領域に達する時点(図7の例ではA点付近)から、モルタルが流動状態を維持している間までが好ましい。
【0020】
モルタル発泡がほぼ完了する時点は、発泡剤としてのアルミ粉の粒径、形状等により大幅に変化するが、通常モルタルを型枠に注入してから5分〜40分程度である。また、モルタルが流動状態を維持している期間はモルタル組成によって変化するが、通常モルタルを型枠に注入してから30分〜70分程度である。上記モルタルがほぼ完了する時点及び流動状態を維持している期間は使用するアルミ粉、モルタル組成が定まれば実験により簡単に求めることができる。なお、流動状態か否かは、例えばモルタル中に前記撹拌羽根を有する撹拌治具を差し込んで水平に移動させ、その軌跡が直ちに消滅するか否かで判断できる。
【0021】
本発明において、モルタルの粘度上昇を遅らせる水又は水溶液を散布し、その後、モルタルが硬化する前にモルタルの表面領域に撹拌羽根を有する撹拌冶具を挿入して撹拌し、該領域のモルタル中の気泡を除去することでモルタル表面領域に高比重層を形成できる。この操作によりモルタル表面領域の高比重層の比重を0.7〜1.3に調整することができ、高比重層と比重0.4〜0.6の低比重層とからなる軽量気泡コンクリート板を成型することができるようになる。
【0022】
モルタルの粘度上昇を遅らせる水又は水溶液をモルタル上部及び周辺に散布する方法としては、モルタル上面を破壊しない程度に均一に分散させて添加する方法であれば良く、例えば、ジョウロのような多数の穴が分布している冶具等が好ましい。本発明でモルタル粘度上昇を遅らせるために散布する水又は水溶液の例としては、例えば、非イオン系の界面活性剤ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンエステル(例えば、日本乳化剤(株)の商品名:Xewcol 82、Newcol 85)等や、アルキルスルフォン酸塩系(例えば、花王(株)の商品名:マイティー150、マイティーV2)、メラミン樹脂スルフォン酸塩系(例えば、日本合成ゴム(株)の商品名:ダイナフローG2)、ポリイソプレンスルフォン酸塩系(例えば、日本合成ゴム(株)の商品名:ダイナフローZ105)、リグニンスルフォン酸塩系(例えば、日本製紙(株)の商品名:サンフロー、サンフローR)、ポリカルボン酸塩系(例えば、日本合成ゴム(株)の商品名:ダイナフローP)等のセメント減水剤といった種々の界面活性剤やセメント硬化遅延剤として使われるクエン酸等の水溶液、更に消泡剤として使われるシリコーン等の水溶液(例えば、花王(株)のアンチフォームEー200)等がある。また、水を使用する場合には、水系エマルジョンの形態で使用することができる。そのような水系エマルジョンとしてアクリル樹脂(例えば、旭化成(株)の商品名:モルタック)等がある。
【0023】
前述した製造方法におけるモルタルスラリー上部に散布する水等の量は、型枠に注入したモルタルスラリーの体積1ml当たり0.005〜0.5mlの範囲で散水することが好ましく、特に0.005〜0.3mlが好ましい。水等の散水量がモルタルの体積1ml当たり0.005mlよりも少なくなると高比重層の形成が不充分であり、またモルタルの体積1ml当たり0.5mlを越えると逆に補強筋の上部に粗大な空隙が生じたり、嵩減りの度合いが激しくなりパネルの上端部で外観が見苦しくなるという問題を生じる。
【0024】
なお、水溶液等を使用する場合は、1〜20wt%濃度(固形分濃度)に調節したものを上記の量使用すればよい。また、前記の水又はモルタル粘度上昇を遅らせる水溶液を散布する時期としては、型枠内の通常モルタルの発泡がほぼ完了した時点、すなわち、図7の例ではA点付近からモルタルが流動状態を維持している間までで、具体的には、通常モルタルスラリーを型枠に注入してから5分〜70分が好ましく、特に、20分〜40分が好ましい。
【0025】
【作用】
本発明によれば、モルタルの粘度上昇を遅らせる水又は水溶液を散布し、その後、モルタルが硬化する前にモルタルの表面領域に撹拌羽根を有する撹拌冶具を挿入して撹拌し、挿入した撹拌羽根を有する撹拌治具によりモルタル表面領域の気泡を破壊分解し、上方に逃がすことで、軽量気泡コンクリート表面に高比重層を形成することができ、パネル表面の機械的強度や平滑性に優れ、なおかつ軽量にして断熱性に優れた軽量気泡コンクリート板を製造することができる。
【0026】
【実施例】
次に実施例によって本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。
【0027】
【0028】
【0029】
【実施例1】
珪石50重量%、普通ポルトランドセメント35重量%、生石灰10重量%、石膏5重量%としたものを100重量部に水70重量部、アルミ0.06重量部を混練して、モルタルスラリーを作った。このモルタルスラリーを幅600mm、長さ600mm、高さ150mmの型枠に注入し、モルタル発泡がほぼ完了する25分経過したときに水1ml(発泡終了したモルタル1ml当たり0.02ml)を散水した。引き続き、撹拌治具3を、発泡モルタルの真上に挿入し、回転運動を加えながらモルタル上面を水平移動させ、モルタル上部の気泡を除去し、モルタルの流動性が維持している35分後までに終了した。前記モルタルが所定の硬度に達した後、ピアノ線により切断し、オートクレーブ養生した。
【0030】
得られた軽量気泡コンクリート板表面は気泡の無い高比重層からなり、界面剥離も見られず、好ましいものであった。この軽量気泡コンクリート板を図2のX−X’線で切断し、切断面を観察したところ、高比重層の厚みは3cmで、ほぼ均一なものであった。低比重層の比重は0.49g/cm3で、高比重層の比重は0.98g/cm3であり、引張強度は5.1kg/cm2で、低比重層の部分で破壊した。X線の強度比から求めた、高比重層に対する低比重層とのトバモライト結晶の比率は1.01であった。
【0031】
【比較例1】
幅600mm、長さ600mm、高さ150mmの型枠に、珪石35重量%、セメント30重量%、生石灰8重量%、石膏2重量%、解砕屑(珪石47重量%、セメント40重量%、生石灰11重量%、石膏2重量%としたものを100重量部に水150重量部、アルミ0.06重量部を混練したスラリーを3時間常圧で蒸気養生したモルタルを示す)25重量%としたものを100重量部に水70重量部、アルミ0.06重量部を添加混練したモルタルスラリーを注入し、モルタル発泡がほぼ完了する30分経過した後、ローラーをモルタル上部に押しつけ、加圧しながら水平移動させ気泡の除去を行った。前記モルタルが所定の硬度に達した後、ピアノ線により切断し、オートクレーブ養生した。
得られた軽量気泡コンクリート板表面は気泡の無い高比重層からなっていたが、表面部分の約3mmが高比重層になり、この軽量気泡コンクリート板を実施例1と同様にして切断し、切断面を観察したところ、厚みは不均一なものであり、好ましいものではなかった。
【0032】
【比較例2】
図5に示したように表面にブラシ部を有するくし歯状体をモルタル上部に押しつけ、水平移動させながら気泡の除去を行った以外は比較例1の方法と全て同様の方法で軽量気泡コンクリート板を作製した。得られた軽量気泡コンクリート板表面は気泡の無い高比重層からなっていたが、表面部分の約5mmが高比重層になり、この軽量気泡コンクリート板を実施例1と同様にして切断し、切断面を観察したところ、厚みは不均一で一部分気泡が残存しており、好ましいものではなかった。
【0033】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、モルタルの粘度上昇を遅らせる水又は水溶液を散布し、その後、モルタルが硬化する前にモルタル表面領域に撹拌治具を挿入して攪拌することにより、モルタル表面領域の気泡を破壊分解し殆ど残留することなく除去することができる。このようにして作成した軽量気泡コンクリート板は、高比重層の厚みが均一な複層構造を有し、パネル表面の機械的強度や平滑性に優れ、なおかつ軽量にして断熱性に優れた軽量気泡コンクリート板を得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の撹拌羽根をモルタル上部に差し込み、上部から気泡を除去する操作の一実施例を示した断面図である。
【図2】本発明の軽量気泡コンクリート板の正面図である。
【図3】本発明の撹拌羽根を有する撹拌治具を示す正面図である。
【図4】本発明の撹拌羽根を有する撹拌治具の他例を示す正面図である。
【図5】従来のくし歯状体をモルタル表面に押しつけた状態の一例を示した正面図である。
【図6】従来のくし歯状体の形状を示した正面図である。
【図7】型枠に注入されたモルタルの発泡率と時間の関係の一例を示した図である。
【符号の説明】
1 高比重層
2 低比重層
3 撹拌羽根を有する撹拌治具
4 駆動装置
5 軽量気泡コンクリート板
6 型枠
7 ブラシ部
8 くし歯状体
[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a method for producing a lightweight cellular concrete plate which is excellent in mechanical strength and smoothness on a panel surface, and is lightweight and excellent in heat insulation.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, lightweight aerated concrete boards are manufactured by placing mortar slurry containing bubbles in a mold, leaving it for a predetermined time to harden the mortar, and then demolding and curing in an autoclave. When the mortar slurry cast in the mold has a high specific gravity, the mechanical properties of the panel surface after curing are excellent, but the heat insulation is poor and the weight tends to be high. On the other hand, in the case of low specific gravity, the mechanical properties of the panel surface are inferior and are easily damaged by impact or friction. Moreover, the smoothness of the coating base was insufficient, and the watertightness was insufficient. For this reason, special care must be taken in handling the panel in the state where the lightweight cellular concrete board is not subjected to post-treatment, and various measures are taken to improve the mechanical strength and smoothness or water tightness of the panel surface. It was necessary to apply post-treatment.
[0003]
Therefore, as a method for producing a lightweight lightweight concrete panel surface with a high specific gravity layer and having excellent mechanical properties and the like, lightweight and excellent in heat insulation, a mortar surface is disclosed in JP-A-57-7882. A method of treating a mortar surface with a bubble contact breaking tool, a method of treating a mortar surface while applying vibrational motion as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-34908, and a method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-55205 as shown in FIG. And the like, and the like.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the pressure molding method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-7882 does not make the thickness of the high specific gravity layer uniform, and the adhesiveness at the interface with the low specific gravity layer is not sufficient. However, it did not always show sufficient durability. Further, in JP-A-57-34908, the surface defoaming of the mortar is not sufficient, and the low specific gravity layer partially remains and may not be improved until the adhesion at the interface is improved. It could not be adopted. In JP-A-3-55205, the comb skin is moved on the surface of the mortar, so that the surface skin layer can only be thin, and the settable thickness range is narrow.
[0005]
Therefore, the present invention has improved the disadvantage of peeling due to insufficient adhesion of the interface area between the high specific gravity layer and the low specific gravity layer of the lightweight cellular concrete plate having a multilayer structure, An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a lightweight cellular concrete board that is easy to control the thickness, has a surface excellent in mechanical properties, exhibits sufficient durability, is lightweight and has heat insulation properties.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the production method of the present invention, a mortar slurry for lightweight cellular concrete is poured into a mold, and then foamed, and then water or an aqueous solution that delays the increase in viscosity of the mortar is sprayed, and then the mortar slurry is dispersed before the mortar is cured. The entire surface region is stirred by a stirring jig having a stirring blade, and bubbles in the mortar in the region are removed.
[0007]
That is, after pouring and foaming lightweight foam concrete mortar slurry into the mold, water or an aqueous solution that delays the increase in viscosity of the mortar is sprayed, and then a stirring jig having stirring blades is inserted above the mortar. In addition, a high specific gravity layer is formed by a method of horizontally moving while rotating.
[0008]
The stirring jig having a stirring blade used in the present invention has a size, thickness, and surface irregularities that can destroy the bubbles at the top of the mortar, and facilitates gas removal. In particular, a screw type stirring blade as shown in FIG. 4 is preferable. The diameter of the stirring blade is preferably about 3 to 20 cm, particularly preferably 7 to 15 cm. Any material may be used as long as it can withstand foamed mortar hardness and does not deform.
[0009]
As shown in FIG. 3, a drive motor is attached to the other end of the stirring jig having the stirring blades, and serves as a power source for the stirring blades. The electric motor may be provided in each of the stirring blades, or may be sent to a plurality of stirring blades from one power source. When a plurality of stirring jigs are inserted into the surface area of the mortar, the plurality of stirring jigs can be integrally coupled to a frame or the like at the top to move the surface area of the mortar.
[0010]
The range of the rotational speed of the stirring jig used in the present invention is preferably 200 to 2000 rpm, particularly preferably 500 to 1300 rpm. When the rotational speed of the stirring jig is low, the viscosity of the mortar is not sufficiently lowered and some bubbles remain. When the rotational speed is high, air is entrained from the upper part of the mortar, and partially coarse bubbles remain. Further, the rotation direction of the stirring jig may be either clockwise or counterclockwise.
[0011]
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1, the position where the stirring jig inserted to remove the gas in the surface area of the semi-cured foam mortar and form the high specific gravity layer is inserted according to the thickness of the high specific gravity layer. It is decided. After the stirring jig is inserted into the uppermost part of the mortar, the bubbles at the upper part of the mortar can be removed while being broken and decomposed by moving horizontally along the mortar surface.
[0012]
The stirring jig may be attached to the support piece at a fixed interval on the top of the mortar and may remove bubbles in the surface area of the mortar while moving in parallel, or a plurality of the support pieces may be attached to the support frame, You may enable it to process the bubble of an area | region at once. The thickness of the high specific gravity layer constituting the lightweight cellular concrete board prepared in the present invention is set to a predetermined thickness by changing the depth at which the stirring jig having the stirring blades is inserted into the low specific gravity mortar as shown in FIG. It is possible to set. The thickness of the high specific gravity layer is preferably set to 1 mm to 10 cm, particularly preferably 1 cm to 5 cm. When the thickness of the high specific gravity layer is less than 1 mm, bubbles partially remain on the surface of the high specific gravity layer, and when it exceeds 10 cm, bubbles remain in the high specific gravity layer like an avatar.
[0013]
In the present invention, the high specific gravity layer and the low specific gravity layer are the layers having different specific gravities constituting the two or more layers of the lightweight cellular concrete board, the layer having a high specific gravity is the high specific gravity layer, and the layer having the low specific gravity is the low specific gravity layer. And The raw material composition may be any material used when producing mortar, concrete, and the like, and is composed of calcareous raw materials such as cement, siliceous raw materials such as silica stones having different particle sizes, gypsum, foaming agent, water and the like.
[0014]
Moreover, the specific gravity of the low specific gravity layer and the high specific gravity layer of the lightweight cellular concrete board is determined by the mortar composition to be used, and as an example, when a mortar having a specific gravity of 0.4 to 0.6 is used, the high specific gravity layer in the mortar surface region The specific gravity can be adjusted to 0.7 to 1.3, and a lightweight cellular concrete plate having a multilayer structure composed of a high specific gravity layer and a low specific gravity layer can be molded. In this case, if the specific gravity of the high specific gravity layer is less than 0.7, bubbles are scattered in the mortar surface region and the appearance is deteriorated, and the specific gravity is larger than 1.3, and peeling or warping is likely to occur in the interface region.
[0015]
Further, the ratio of the specific gravity of the low specific gravity layer to the high specific gravity layer is preferably in the range of 0.3 to 0.9, particularly preferably 0.4 to 0.7. The method for producing a lightweight aerated concrete board of the present invention comprises forming a mortar slurry for lightweight aerated concrete mixed with, for example, a calcareous raw material such as cement, a siliceous raw material such as silica, crushed waste, gypsum, a foaming agent, water and the like. after pouring, foamed in, sprayed with water or an aqueous solution retarding the viscosity increase of the mortar, then, stirred with a stirring tool having a rotating blade to the entire surface area of the mortar slurry before the mortar hardens, the Air bubbles in the mortar in the region are removed and cured, followed by autoclave curing.
[0016]
The CaO / SiO 2 molar ratio in the mortar slurry used here is preferably 0.4 to 0.9, and particularly preferably 0.5 to 0.7. When the CaO / SiO 2 molar ratio is greater than 0.9, tobermorite is not sufficiently produced by the hydrothermal reaction in the autoclave, and when it is less than 0.4, the cement content is reduced and the setting of the mortar is delayed.
[0017]
The weight ratio of water to the solid content weight of 100 parts by weight of the mortar slurry is preferably 50 to 90 parts by weight, particularly preferably 60 to 80 parts by weight. As raw materials consisting of such raw material composition, the crystallinity of tobermorite is improved by using fine silica and crushed debris as silica, and the mechanical strength is high compared to mortar without using fine pulverized silica and crushed debris. A mortar cured product having a small difference in drying shrinkage is produced. The fineness of the fine silica is measured by the brane method (JIS 5201), and is preferably 2000 to 7000 cm 2 / g, particularly preferably 2500 to 6000 cm 2 / g in terms of the brane value.
[0018]
The crushed debris used here is a mortar prepared at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time and a slurry obtained by adding a mixture of a calcareous raw material such as cement, a siliceous raw material such as silica stone, gypsum, a foaming agent, water, etc. 30 minutes or more are required, and the predetermined temperature is preferably 30 ° C to 90 ° C, particularly preferably 40 ° C to 80 ° C. The raw material mortar composition of the high specific gravity layer and the low specific gravity layer is composed of substantially the same raw material composition, and by using crushed waste, the adhesion in the interface region and the tobermorite crystallinity can be improved.
[0019]
FIG. 7 shows an example of the relationship between foaming rate and time when mortar using aluminum powder as a foaming agent is poured into a mold. The foaming rate curve generally rises rapidly in the initial stage, gradually becomes milder and becomes saturated. The timing when the stirring jig having the stirring blade in the present invention is inserted is the time when the foaming of the mortar in the mold is almost completed, that is, the time when the foaming rate curve reaches the saturation region (in the example of FIG. 7, near the point A). To while the mortar maintains a fluid state.
[0020]
The time when the mortar foaming is almost completed varies greatly depending on the particle size, shape and the like of the aluminum powder as the foaming agent, but is usually about 5 to 40 minutes after the mortar is injected into the mold. Moreover, although the period when the mortar is maintaining a fluid state changes with mortar compositions, it is normally about 30 minutes-70 minutes after inject | pouring mortar into a formwork. The time when the mortar is almost completed and the period in which the mortar is maintained can be easily obtained by experiments if the aluminum powder to be used and the mortar composition are determined. In addition, whether it is a fluid state can be judged by inserting the stirring jig which has the said stirring blade in mortar, moving it horizontally, and the locus | trajectory immediately disappears.
[0021]
In the present invention, water or an aqueous solution that delays the increase in viscosity of the mortar is sprayed, and then a stirrer having a stirring blade is inserted into the surface area of the mortar and stirred before the mortar hardens, and bubbles in the mortar in the area A high specific gravity layer can be formed in the mortar surface region by removing. By this operation, the specific gravity of the high specific gravity layer in the mortar surface region can be adjusted to 0.7 to 1.3, and a lightweight cellular concrete plate comprising a high specific gravity layer and a low specific gravity layer with a specific gravity of 0.4 to 0.6. Can be molded.
[0022]
As a method of spraying water or an aqueous solution for delaying the increase in viscosity of the mortar on and around the top of the mortar, any method may be used as long as the top surface of the mortar is uniformly dispersed and added. A jig in which is distributed is preferable. Examples of water or an aqueous solution sprayed to delay the increase in mortar viscosity in the present invention include, for example, nonionic surfactant polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester (for example, trade names of Nippon Emulsifier Co., Ltd .: Xewcol 82, Newcol) 85) etc., alkyl sulfonates (for example, trade names of Kao Corporation: Mighty 150, Mighty V2), melamine resin sulfonates (for example, trade name of Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd .: Dynaflow G2) ), Polyisoprene sulfonate (for example, trade name: Dynaflow Z105 of Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.), lignin sulfonate (for example, trade names of Nippon Paper Industries: Sunflow, Sunflow R) Cement water reducing agents such as polycarboxylates (for example, trade name: Dynaflow P of Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.) Aqueous solution of citric acid used as various surfactants and cement retarder which Tsu, further aqueous solution such as silicone used as a defoaming agent (e.g., antifoam E -200 of Kao Corporation), and the like. When water is used, it can be used in the form of an aqueous emulsion. As such an aqueous emulsion, there is an acrylic resin (for example, trade name: MOLTAC, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation).
[0023]
The amount of water or the like sprayed on the top of the mortar slurry in the production method described above is preferably sprayed in the range of 0.005 to 0.5 ml per 1 ml volume of the mortar slurry injected into the mold, and particularly 0.005 to 0. .3 ml is preferred. When the amount of water sprayed is less than 0.005 ml per 1 ml of mortar, the formation of a high specific gravity layer is insufficient, and when it exceeds 0.5 ml per 1 ml of mortar, the upper part of the reinforcing bar is coarse. There arises a problem that gaps are generated, the degree of bulk reduction becomes intense, and the appearance at the upper end of the panel becomes unsightly.
[0024]
In addition, when using aqueous solution etc., what is necessary is just to use what was adjusted to 1-20 wt% density | concentration (solid content concentration) said amount. In addition, the time when the water or the aqueous solution for delaying the mortar viscosity increase is sprayed is the time when the foaming of the normal mortar in the mold is almost completed, that is, in the example of FIG. Specifically, it is preferably 5 minutes to 70 minutes after the mortar slurry is poured into the mold, and particularly preferably 20 minutes to 40 minutes.
[0025]
[Action]
According to the present invention, water or an aqueous solution that delays the increase in viscosity of the mortar is sprayed, and then a stirring jig having a stirring blade is inserted into the surface region of the mortar and stirred before the mortar is cured. By destroying and decomposing bubbles in the surface area of the mortar with the agitating jig and letting it escape upward, a high specific gravity layer can be formed on the lightweight aerated concrete surface, and the mechanical strength and smoothness of the panel surface are excellent, and light weight Thus, a lightweight cellular concrete board excellent in heat insulation can be produced.
[0026]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples.
[0027]
[0028]
[0029]
[Example 1]
A mortar slurry was prepared by mixing 50 parts by weight of silica, 35% by weight of ordinary Portland cement, 10% by weight of quicklime and 5% by weight of gypsum with 70 parts by weight of water and 0.06 parts by weight of aluminum. . This mortar slurry was poured into a mold having a width of 600 mm, a length of 600 mm, and a height of 150 mm, and when 25 minutes had passed until mortar foaming was almost completed, 1 ml of water (0.02 ml per 1 ml of foamed mortar) was sprinkled. Subsequently, the stirring jig 3 is inserted directly above the foamed mortar, and the top surface of the mortar is horizontally moved while applying a rotational motion to remove bubbles at the top of the mortar until 35 minutes after the fluidity of the mortar is maintained. Finished. After the mortar reached a predetermined hardness, it was cut with a piano wire and cured in an autoclave.
[0030]
The obtained lightweight cellular concrete board surface was composed of a high specific gravity layer having no air bubbles, and interface peeling was not observed, which was preferable. When this lightweight cellular concrete board was cut along the line XX ′ in FIG. 2 and the cut surface was observed, the thickness of the high specific gravity layer was 3 cm, which was almost uniform. The specific gravity of the low specific gravity layer was 0.49 g / cm 3 , the specific gravity of the high specific gravity layer was 0.98 g / cm 3 , the tensile strength was 5.1 kg / cm 2 , and the low specific gravity layer was broken. The ratio of tobermorite crystals to the low specific gravity layer with respect to the high specific gravity layer, determined from the X-ray intensity ratio, was 1.01.
[0031]
[Comparative Example 1]
In a mold having a width of 600 mm, a length of 600 mm and a height of 150 mm, 35% by weight of silica, 30% by weight of cement, 8% by weight of quicklime, 2% by weight of gypsum, crushed waste (47% by weight of silica, 40% by weight of cement, quicklime 11) 1% by weight, 2% by weight of gypsum, 100% by weight of water, 150% by weight of water and 0.06 parts by weight of aluminum kneaded slurry is steam-cured at normal pressure for 3 hours) 25% by weight Inject 100 parts by weight of mortar slurry with 70 parts by weight of water and 0.06 parts by weight of aluminum added, and after 30 minutes of mortar foaming is almost complete, press the roller against the top of the mortar and move horizontally while applying pressure. Air bubbles were removed. After the mortar reached a predetermined hardness, it was cut with a piano wire and cured in an autoclave.
The surface of the obtained lightweight cellular concrete board was composed of a high specific gravity layer without bubbles, but about 3 mm of the surface portion became a high specific gravity layer, and this lightweight cellular concrete board was cut in the same manner as in Example 1 and cut. When the surface was observed, the thickness was not uniform, which was not preferable.
[0032]
[Comparative Example 2]
As shown in FIG. 5, a lightweight cellular concrete board is the same as the method of Comparative Example 1 except that a comb-like body having a brush portion on the surface is pressed against the top of the mortar and the bubbles are removed while being horizontally moved. Was made. The obtained lightweight cellular concrete board surface was composed of a high specific gravity layer without bubbles, but about 5 mm of the surface portion became a high specific gravity layer, and this lightweight cellular concrete board was cut in the same manner as in Example 1 and cut. When the surface was observed, the thickness was not uniform and some bubbles remained, which was not preferable.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, water or an aqueous solution that delays the increase in viscosity of the mortar is sprayed, and then a stirrer is inserted into the mortar surface region and stirred before the mortar is cured, thereby destroying bubbles in the mortar surface region. It can be decomposed and removed with almost no residue. The lightweight cellular concrete board created in this way has a multilayer structure with a uniform high specific gravity layer thickness, excellent mechanical strength and smoothness of the panel surface, and lightweight and excellent thermal insulation. A concrete board can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of an operation of inserting a stirring blade of the present invention into an upper part of a mortar and removing bubbles from the upper part.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the lightweight cellular concrete board of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing a stirring jig having a stirring blade of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a front view showing another example of a stirring jig having a stirring blade of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a front view showing an example of a state in which a conventional comb-like body is pressed against a mortar surface.
FIG. 6 is a front view showing the shape of a conventional comb-like body.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the foaming rate of mortar injected into a mold and time.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 High specific gravity layer 2 Low specific gravity layer 3 Stirring jig | tool which has a stirring blade 4 Drive device 5 Lightweight foam concrete board 6 Form 7 Brush part 8 Comb tooth

Claims (1)

軽量気泡コンクリート用モルタルスラリーを型枠内に注入後、発泡させた後、モルタルの粘度上昇を遅らせる水又は水溶液を散布し、その後、モルタルが硬化する前にモルタルスラリーの表面領域の全面攪拌羽根を有する撹拌治具により撹拌し、該領域のモルタル中の気泡を除去することを特徴とする軽量気泡コンクリート板の製造方法。After the foam mortar slurry for light-weight aerated concrete is poured into the mold and foamed, it is sprayed with water or an aqueous solution that delays the increase in viscosity of the mortar, and then the entire surface area of the mortar slurry is stirred before the mortar hardens. A method for producing a lightweight aerated concrete board, comprising: agitating with a stirring jig comprising: removing bubbles in the mortar in the region.
JP01722595A 1995-02-03 1995-02-03 Method for producing lightweight cellular concrete board Expired - Lifetime JP3791939B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP01722595A JP3791939B2 (en) 1995-02-03 1995-02-03 Method for producing lightweight cellular concrete board

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP01722595A JP3791939B2 (en) 1995-02-03 1995-02-03 Method for producing lightweight cellular concrete board

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH08208349A JPH08208349A (en) 1996-08-13
JP3791939B2 true JP3791939B2 (en) 2006-06-28

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Family Applications (1)

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Country Link
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