JP3732424B2 - Manufacturing method of hot-rolled steel sheet with high weather resistance and high workability - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of hot-rolled steel sheet with high weather resistance and high workability Download PDF

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JP3732424B2
JP3732424B2 JP2001225014A JP2001225014A JP3732424B2 JP 3732424 B2 JP3732424 B2 JP 3732424B2 JP 2001225014 A JP2001225014 A JP 2001225014A JP 2001225014 A JP2001225014 A JP 2001225014A JP 3732424 B2 JP3732424 B2 JP 3732424B2
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steel sheet
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rolled steel
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JP2002105596A (en
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ヨーン ジョー ビュン
ウー チョイ シェオル
グワン リー ヒー
チャン チョイ セオク
チューン ヤン ヒー
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ポーハン アイアン アンド スティール カンパニー,リミテッド
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C21D8/0263Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226Hot rolling
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、高耐候性、高加工性の熱延鋼板の製造方法に関するものであり、より詳細には海洋気候によく耐えられることだけでなく、多様な加工が可能であり、建築物、海洋構造物、鉄道の車両およびコンテナ等の用途で使用しやすい60 kgf/mm2引張り強度を有する高耐候性、高加工性の熱延鋼板の製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、コンテナ或いは鉄道の車両等のような製品は、軽量化及び耐久性などの特性を満足させるために、ステンレス或いはアルミなどで製作して使用されているのが現状である。
【0003】
特に、海洋気候に耐えられる製品を製作するためには、必須的に耐候性鋼が使用されており、現在にも耐候性熱延鋼板が広く使用されているのが現状である。
【0004】
しかしながら、従来の実施例による耐候性熱延鋼板は、50 kgf/mm2引張り強度を有しているので、製品自体の重量によって製品の大きさは制限されていた。例えば、一般的に使われている高耐候性圧延鋼は、KS D3542(記号SPA-H)及びJIS G3125(記号SPA-H)があるが、これらの引張り強度は50 kgf/mm2級であるため、目的とする強度が得られない。
【0005】
さらに、この製品らは製作のための多様な加工、例えば、曲がり性、溶接性、延伸性等が要求されるので、耐候性と共に高加工性を満足させるような高張力鋼を提供することが、容易ではなかった。
【0006】
最近、耐候性と高強度を追求する熱延鋼板に関する研究が進められており、これに関連する特許がいくつか出願されている。これらをより詳しく調べて見れば、次のようである。
【0007】
まず、日本国特開平7−207408号(以下、'第1特許文献'という。)には重量%で、C:0.008%以下、Si:0.5〜2.5%、Mn:0.1〜3.5%、P:0.03%〜0.20%、S:0.01%以下、Cu:0.05〜2.0%、N:0.008以下、Sol- Al:0.005〜0.1%、Cr:0.05〜6.1%、Ni:0.05〜2.0%、Mo:0.05〜3.0%、B:0.0003〜0.002%を含有した鋼を1100〜1300℃で加熱し、800〜950℃温度の範囲で熱間圧延する熱延鋼板の製造方法が開示されている。
【0008】
一方、日本国特開平11−21622号(以下、'第2特許文献'という。)には重量%で、C:0.15%以下、Si:0.7%以下、Mn:0.2〜1.5%、P:0.03%〜0.15%、S:0.02%以下、Cu:0.4%以下、Sol- Al:0.01〜0.1%、Cr:0.1%以下、Ni:0.4〜4.0%、Mo:0.1〜1.5%を含有した鋼を1050〜1300℃で加熱し、950℃以上の温度で40%以上の圧下率で熱間圧延を行ない、900℃〜750℃温度の範囲で圧延仕上げ後、空冷する熱延鋼板の製造方法が開示されている。
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前記第1特許文献に開示されている熱延鋼板の化学成分において、主な作用をする炭素の含有量はわずか0.008%以下である。
【0010】
従って、このような熱延鋼板は、炭素の含有量が相対的に低く、鋼板の加工性が向上される反面、鋼板の強度が低下するために大体50 kgf/mm2引張り強度を有する。更に、前記第1特許文献の熱延鋼板製造方法は、極低炭素鋼に多量のCr、Mo、Ni、Cu等が添加されている鋼を製造するために、特別な製鋼工程を使用しなければならないので、熱延鋼板の製造費用が相対的に増加し、経済性の面から劣るという問題点があった。
【0011】
このような第2特許文献に開示されている熱延鋼板は、その化学成分において、主な作用をする燐の含有量が0.03〜0.15%なので、多量の燐の添加は海水雰囲気での耐食性を向上させる効果はあるが、中心偏析及び微小偏析等の原因を与え、鋼板の加工性が急激に落ちるような問題点がある。さらに、このような熱延鋼板は50 kgf/mm2引張り強度を有する。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、前述のような従来の問題点を解決するために案出されたものであり、耐候性と加工性が要求される建築物、海洋構造物、鉄道の車両およびコンテナ等の製作に適する60 kgf/mm2引張り強度を有する高耐候性、高加工性の熱延鋼板の製造方法を提供することにその目的がある。
【0013】
本発明のまた他の目的は、耐食性向上のためにCr、Ni、Cuを添加し、かつ加工性向上のためにPの含有量を厳格に規制するなど、合金成分及び製造条件を最適化して高強度で加工性が優秀だけでなく、耐候性が良好な60 kgf/mm2引張り強度を有する熱延鋼板の製造方法を提供するものである。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
前記の目的を達成するために、本発明の一実施例によれば、耐候性及び加工性の良好な60 kgf/mm2引張り強度を有する熱延鋼板は、重量%で、C:0.05〜0.10%、Mn:1.20〜1.70%、Si:0.30〜0.60%、P:0.03%以下、S:0.01%以下、Al:0.01〜0.07%、Cu:0.20〜0.50%、Cr:0.8〜1.5%、Nb:0.04〜0.08%、Ni:0.10〜0.40%、残部Feおよびその他の不可避な不純物を含有していることを特徴とする。また、本発明の望ましい実施例によれば、60 kgf/mm2引張り強度を有する高耐候性、高加工性の熱延鋼板は、重量%で、0.015〜0.040%のTiまたは0.0005〜0.005%のCaをさらに含むことを特徴とする。
【0015】
また、本発明の他の実施例によれば、重量%で、C:0.05〜0.10%、Mn:1.20〜1.70%、Si:0.30〜0.60%、P:0.03%以下、S:0.01%以下、Al:0.01〜0.07%、Cu:0.20〜0.50%、Cr:0.8〜1.5%、Nb:0.04〜0.08%、Ni:0.10〜0.40%、残部Feおよびその他の不可避な不純物を含有している鋼を、耐候性及び加工性の良好な60 kgf/mm2引張り強度を有する熱延鋼板として製造する方法において、前記の鋼をスラブに製造した後、前記スラブを加熱炉で1120℃〜1250℃の温度の範囲で加熱する加熱段階と、前記加熱されたスラブを820℃〜900℃の圧延仕上げ温度の範囲で熱間圧延する圧延段階と、熱間圧延された鋼板を540℃〜620℃温度の範囲で巻取る巻取段階からなることを特徴とする。
【0016】
以下、本発明の望ましい実施例について説明する。
【0017】
まず、本発明の一実施例による熱延鋼板は、重量%で、C:0.05〜0.10%、Mn:1.20〜1.70%、Si:0.30〜0.60%、P:0.03%以下、S:0.01%以下、Al:0.01〜0.07%、Cu:0.20〜0.50%、Cr:0.8〜1.5%、Nb:0.04〜0.08%、Ni:0.10〜0.40%を含有しているので、各成分の数値限定の理由を説明すると次のようである。C:炭素(C)は熱延鋼板の強度を得るのに基本的に必要な元素で、その添加量が増えるほど引張り強度及び降伏強度は増加する。しかし、炭素の添加量が過度になると素材の加工性は低下する。
【0018】
従って、炭素の添加量においては、その上限を0.10%で限定した。そして、炭素の添加量が0.05%以下になると、フェライトの炭素がすべて固溶するために一緒に添加されるNb、Ti等と、反応して素材の強度を増加させる析出強化効果がない。そのため、炭素添加量の下限値を0.05%とする。
【0019】
Si:シリコン(Si)は一般的に溶鋼を脱酸させるために添加され、付加的に固溶強化効果をもたらす。更に、シリコンは高温で鋼の表層にFeとともにFe2SiO4の緻密な酸化物を形成し、耐食性を向上させる作用をもする。
【0020】
従って、シリコンは鋼板の耐候性を向上させるために0.3%以上添加される。
【0021】
一方、シリコンの添加量が増加すると、シリコンは鋼板の溶接性を低下させるので、鋼板の溶接性に及ぼす影響を最小化するために、シリコン添加量の上限を0.6%までに限定した。
【0022】
Mn:マンガン(Mn)は鋼に添加され固溶強化効果をもたらす。つまり、マンガンは鋼板の強度を高め、かつ熱間加工性を向上させるために1.2%以上添加する。一方、マンガンは鋼中の黄(S)と反応し、MnSを形成する。そしてMnSは鋼板の軟性及び加工度を阻害する。
【0023】
従って、これを防ぐためにマンガン添加量の上限を1.7%までに制限する。
【0024】
P:燐(P)は鋼の耐食性を向上させる作用をするために、たくさん添加すればするほど耐食性の側面からは望ましいが、鋼の鋳造の際には中心偏析を一番よく起こす元素であるため、溶接性および靱性が低下する原因となる。
【0025】
従って、燐の添加量は鋼の耐食性を向上させるために0.03%以下に制限した。
【0026】
S:硫黄(S)も微小ながら耐食性の向上に効果がある元素として知られているが、前述のように鋼中のマンガンと結合して、MnSという非金属介在物を形成し、鋼板の軟性及び加工度を低下させる。つまり、非金属介在物は結晶粒界に網状で晶出して腐食開始点を提供し、さらに屈曲加工の際に鋼板の破壊強度及び引っ張り性を下落させるので、硫黄の添加量を0.01%以下に制限する。
【0027】
Al:アルミ(Al)は、溶鋼を脱酸させるために必要であり、鋼板の耐食性向上にも効果を示す元素である。しかし、アルミの添加量が過度になれば鋼中介在物の量が増加し、鋼板の加工性が低下される恐れがあるため、アルミの添加量を0.01〜0.07%以下に制限する。
【0028】
Nb、Ti:これらの元素等は鋼中に少量添加され、炭素及び窒素と結合した後、鋼中に析出して素材の強度を大きく増加させる作用をする。
【0029】
従って、これらの元素等の添加量は通常の高張力低合金鋼の添加範囲に制限する。すなわち、ニオブ(Nb)の添加量は0.04〜0.08%に制限し、チタン(Ti)の添加量は0.015〜0.04%に制限する。
【0030】
Cu:銅(Cu)は腐食雰囲気で安定的な錆び層を形成するので、鋼板の耐腐食性を向上させるために添加する。つまり、銅は通常の腐食雰囲気では普通0.1%以上添加されるが、海洋気候のような雰囲気では安定な耐腐食層を形成するために、0.2%以上添加する。一方、銅の添加量が過度になれば熱延鋼板の表面状態を荒くするので、その添加量は0.5%に制限する。
【0031】
Cr:クロム(Cr)は銅と同様に安定的な錆び層を形成するので、海水雰囲気における耐食性を大きく向上させるために、その添加量は0.8〜1.5%に制限する。
【0032】
Ni:ニッケル(Ni)は一般的に銅添加鋼の鋳造の際に発生する鋳造亀裂を防止するために添加され、通常的に銅添加量の半分以上添加される。
【0033】
従って、本発明による熱延鋼板においてニッケルの添加量は0.1〜0.4%程度に制限する。
【0034】
Ca:カルシウム(Ca)はMnSのような非金属介在物が鋼中に形成され、鋼板の軟性及び加工性が悪化されるのを防ぐために添加される。そして、カルシウムの添加によって鋼板の耐食性が向上される効果も示す。
【0035】
従って、カルシウム添加の効果を得るためには、最低0.0005%以上は鋼中に添加されなければならない。しかし、カルシウムの添加量が過度になれば鋼中で酸化物系非金属介在物の量が増えてしまい、鋼板の衝撃引性を低下させるようになる。そのため、これを防ぐためにはカルシウム添加量の上限を0.005%以下に限定する。
【0036】
前述のような組成範囲の元素を含有している熱延鋼板は、下記説明のように60 kgf/mm2引張り強度を有し、またその腐食性の程度が相対的に低いので、海洋気候に耐えられるだけでなく、加工性が良好なので高耐候性及び高加工性の製品製作に使用可能である。
【0037】
以下、本発明の実施例による熱延鋼板の製造方法について説明する。
【0038】
まず、重量%で、C:0.05〜0.10%、Mn:1.20〜1.70%、Si:0.30〜0.60%、P:0.03%以下、S:0.01%以下、Al:0.01〜0.07%、Cu:0.20〜0.50%、Cr:0.8〜1.5%、Nb:0.04〜0.08%、Ni:0.10〜0.40%、残部Feおよびその他の不可避な不純物を含有している鋼を、連続鋳造工程等によりスラブで製作する。
【0039】
前記スラブを熱間圧延するために前記スラブを加熱炉で1120℃〜1250℃で再加熱し、圧延仕上げ温度を820℃〜900℃程度にして熱間圧延を実施する。
【0040】
その後、熱延鋼板を少なくとも20℃/sec以上の冷却速度で水冷却した後、540〜620℃温度で巻取る。
【0041】
この際、前記スラブの再加熱温度が1120℃より低ければ鋳造時に形成された凝固組織の破壊が不充分になるため、中心偏析がよく発達し、これによって最終的に形成された結晶粒の混粒のため、鋼板の加工性及び衝撃引性が顕著に低下する。従って、スラブの再加熱温度の下限値を1120℃に設定する。
【0042】
一方、前記スラブの再加熱温度が1250℃より高ければ、酸化によるスケール形成が促進されスラブの厚さの減少量が相対的に増加し、再加熱時の結晶粒の粗大化によって鋼板の衝撃引性が低下され、かつ加熱元単位の上昇のため、熱延鋼板の製造費用が上がるので、これを防ぐために前記スラブの再加熱温度の上限値を1250℃に設定する。
【0043】
圧延仕上げ温度が900℃を超えれば、熱間圧延後オーステナイト粒度(grainsize)が大きくなり、変態前の結晶粒径が大きくなって変態後の結晶粒微細化が十分でなくなる。
【0044】
従って、結晶粒の粗大化による鋼板の衝撃靭性及び強度の低下が現れるので、これを防ぐために圧延仕上げ温度の上限値を900℃に設定する。
【0045】
そして、圧延仕上げ温度が820℃以下になると、オーステナイト/フェライト変態の2相領域で熱間圧延を仕上げるようになり、また結晶粒の粗大化および混粒現象が発生して衝撃引性及び加工性の低下をもたらすので、これを防ぐために圧延仕上げ温度の下限値を820℃に設定する。
【0046】
熱延鋼板の冷却速度が20℃/sec以下になると、フェライト結晶粒の成長が促進され相対的に粗大な結晶粒の形成により、鋼板の衝撃引性及び強度が低下されるので、これを防ぐために鋼板の冷却速度を20℃/sec以上にする。
【0047】
そして、巻取り温度を540℃以下に維持すると、フェライトの組織が多角形フェライト(polygonal ferrite)から針状フェライト(acicular ferrite)に変化するようになる。その結果、多量のベイナイト組織が含まれた微細組織が形成され、溶接性及び衝撃引性を含めた加工性が多少阻害される。従って、このような低温巻取りを回避するために巻取り温度の下限値を540℃に設定する。
【0048】
一方、熱延鋼板を620℃以上の温度で巻取ると、結晶粒の成長及び析出物の粗大化により鋼板の強度が下落するので、これを防ぐために巻取り温度の上限値を620℃に設定する。
【0049】
また、本発明の望ましい実施例によれば、前述のように鋼中に形成されるMnS介在物によって鋼板の強度が低下するのを防ぐために、前述した組成の鋼を製造するときにカルシウム(Ca)を添加する。つまり、カルシウムの添加によりクラックに敏感なMnS介在物をCaS系の介在物に置換する。そして、鋼板の強度を増加させるために、チタン(Ti)を0.015〜0.040%添加する。
<実施例>表1には本発明の実施例にしたがって製造された発明鋼と比較鋼及び従来鋼の化学成分が示されている。
【0050】
ここで、従来鋼は従来の実施例にしたがって製造された高耐候性圧延鋼を意味し、通常的にSPA−Hと称する。そして、比較鋼は発明鋼を開発するために試験生産された圧延鋼を意味する。
【表1】

Figure 0003732424
上記の表1に示されたように、従来鋼A、B及びCには中低炭素鋼成分系の耐食性を向上させるために、P、Cr、Cuが相対的に多く添加されている。
【0051】
しかし、発明鋼と比較鋼A、B及びCには、加工性を向上させるために、Pの添加量を相対的に少なく添加した反面、耐食性を向上させるためにCr成分を多く添加した。一方、発明鋼と比較鋼BにはCaを添加した。
【0052】
さらに、鋼板の強度を向上させるために、発明鋼と比較鋼CにはNb、Tiを添加した。
【0053】
上記の表1に示された成分を含有する鋼を連続鋳造工程のスラブで製造した。そして、スラブを加熱炉で1120〜1250℃温度の範囲で3時間以上再加熱した後、最終厚さ4.5〜6.0mmに熱間圧延し、熱延鋼板を製造した。このとき、圧延仕上げ温度は820〜900℃に設定した。前記熱延鋼板を巻取る際に温度を560〜620℃に維持した。
【0054】
このように製造された鋼板の引張り強度及び加工性等を下記の表2に示した。
【表2】
Figure 0003732424
上記の表2に示されたように、発明鋼と比較鋼A、B及びCの引張り強度は、従来鋼A、B及びCの引張り強度に比べて相対的に大きい値、すなわち、60 kgf/mm2以上を示していることが分かる。そして、降伏強度及び衝撃引性においても発明鋼と比較鋼A、B及びCは、従来鋼A、B及びCに比べて相対的に良好な値を示していることが分かる。
【0055】
一方、下記の表3には上記の表1に示された、鋼等の耐候性を評価した結果が示されている。ここで、従来鋼は現在コンテナ鋼として使用されているSPA−Hと一般炭素鋼のSS400を試験した結果である。
【表3】
Figure 0003732424
試験試片はペイントで覆われ、一面のみを露出させており、露出面積は105cm2であった。
【0056】
試験はおよそ30日の間実施され、試験後70〜80℃くらいの17%(NH4)2HC6H5O7 溶液で表面に形成された錆びを除去した後、重さの減量を測定して腐食程度を腐食の深さに換算した。
【0057】
発明鋼と比較鋼A、B及びCの腐食深さは、従来鋼のSPA−Hとほぼ同一であるかまたは良好であり、一般鋼のSS400よりはおよそ2倍くらいの低い腐食の深さを示した。
【0058】
特に、発明鋼と比較鋼A、B及びCの場合、耐候性の向上に大きな影響を及ぼす元素であるPの含量は、鋼板の脆性及び溶接性を考慮して従来鋼のSPA−Hの0.10%水準より低く維持した反面、耐食性向上のためにCrの含量を従来鋼のSPA−Hよりおよそ2倍くらい増加させた結果、塩分の充分な海岸雰囲気でも耐候性に大きな差を示さなかったことが分かる。
【0059】
一方添付された図面において、図1及び図2は本発明によるコイルの底部、中間部、上部から得られた熱延鋼板の機械的な性質の変化を示したグラフであり、図3及び図4は発明鋼、比較鋼、従来鋼の平均引張り強度及び平均降伏強度を示したグラフである。
【0060】
図1及び図2を参照すれば、発明鋼の引張り強度は60 kgf/mm2以上の目標値を殆ど満足している。また、図3及び図4を参照すれば、発明鋼の引張り強度及び降伏強度は比較鋼のみならず、従来鋼に比べても相対的に高く示されたことが分かる。
【0061】
【発明の効果】
前述のように本発明によれば、建築物、海洋構造物、鉄道の車両およびコンテナ等の耐食性が要求され、かつ軽量化を目的とする製品に適した60 kgf/mm2引張り強度を有する熱延鋼板を提供することにより、従来の実施例による熱延鋼板に比べて優れた耐食性と多様な加工性を有する製品の製作が可能であり、同時に製品の軽量化および長寿化に寄与する効果を有する。
【0062】
以上、前述の内容は本発明の望ましい実施例を単に例示したものであり、本発明の属する分野の当業者は、添付された特許請求の範囲に記載された本発明の思想ならびに要旨から離れず、本発明に対する修正及び変更を加えられることを認識すべきである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明による熱延鋼板と従来の実施例による熱延鋼板の機械的性質の変化を示したグラフである。
【図2】 本発明による熱延鋼板と従来の実施例による熱延鋼板の機械的性質の変化を示したグラフである。
【図3】は、発明鋼と従来鋼の平均引張り強度を示したグラフである。
【図4】は、発明鋼と従来鋼の平均降伏強度を示したグラフである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a hot-rolled steel sheet having high weather resistance and high workability. More specifically, the present invention is not only capable of withstanding the marine climate, but also can be processed in various ways, such as buildings, The present invention relates to a method for producing a highly weatherable and highly workable hot-rolled steel sheet having a tensile strength of 60 kgf / mm2, which is easy to use in applications such as structures, railway vehicles and containers.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, products such as containers or railway vehicles are currently manufactured and used in stainless steel or aluminum in order to satisfy characteristics such as weight reduction and durability.
[0003]
In particular, in order to produce products that can withstand the marine climate, weather-resistant steel is indispensably used, and at present, weather-resistant hot-rolled steel is widely used.
[0004]
However, since the weather-resistant hot-rolled steel sheet according to the conventional example has a tensile strength of 50 kgf / mm 2, the size of the product is limited by the weight of the product itself. For example, there are KS D3542 (symbol SPA-H) and JIS G3125 (symbol SPA-H), which are commonly used high weathering rolled steels, but their tensile strength is 50 kgf / mm2 class. The target strength cannot be obtained.
[0005]
Furthermore, since these products require various processes for production, for example, bendability, weldability, stretchability, etc., it is possible to provide high-strength steel that satisfies weatherability and high workability. It was not easy.
[0006]
Recently, research on hot-rolled steel sheets pursuing weather resistance and high strength has been advanced, and several patents related to this have been filed. If we examine these in more detail, they are as follows.
[0007]
First, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-207408 (hereinafter referred to as “first patent document”), C: 0.008% or less, Si: 0.5-2.5%, Mn: 0.1-3.5%, P: 0.03% to 0.20%, S: 0.01% or less, Cu: 0.05 to 2.0%, N: 0.008 or less, Sol-Al: 0.005 to 0.1%, Cr: 0.05 to 6.1%, Ni: 0.05 to 2.0%, Mo: 0.05 A method for producing a hot-rolled steel sheet is disclosed in which steel containing ˜3.0% and B: 0.0003 to 0.002% is heated at 1100 to 1300 ° C. and hot-rolled in the temperature range of 800 to 950 ° C.
[0008]
On the other hand, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-21622 (hereinafter referred to as “second patent document”), C: 0.15% or less, Si: 0.7% or less, Mn: 0.2 to 1.5%, P: 0.03 Steel containing 0.1% to 0.15%, S: 0.02% or less, Cu: 0.4% or less, Sol-Al: 0.01 to 0.1%, Cr: 0.1% or less, Ni: 0.4 to 4.0%, Mo: 0.1 to 1.5% Disclosed is a method for producing a hot-rolled steel sheet that is heated at 1050-1300 ° C, hot-rolled at a temperature of 950 ° C or higher at a rolling reduction of 40% or higher, and finished by rolling in the temperature range of 900 ° C-750 ° C and air-cooled Has been.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the chemical composition of the hot-rolled steel sheet disclosed in the first patent document, the content of carbon having the main function is only 0.008% or less.
[0010]
Accordingly, such a hot-rolled steel sheet has a relatively low carbon content and improves the workability of the steel sheet, but has a tensile strength of about 50 kgf / mm 2 because the strength of the steel sheet is reduced. Furthermore, the method for producing hot-rolled steel sheets described in the first patent document must use a special steelmaking process in order to produce a steel in which a large amount of Cr, Mo, Ni, Cu, etc. is added to ultra-low carbon steel. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the hot-rolled steel sheet is relatively increased, which is inferior in terms of economy.
[0011]
Such a hot-rolled steel sheet disclosed in the second patent document has 0.03 to 0.15% of phosphorus, which has a main function in its chemical composition, so that the addition of a large amount of phosphorus provides corrosion resistance in a seawater atmosphere. Although there is an effect to improve, there is a problem that causes cause of center segregation, minute segregation, and the like, and the workability of the steel sheet is rapidly lowered. Furthermore, such hot rolled steel sheet has a tensile strength of 50 kgf / mm2.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been devised to solve the conventional problems as described above, and is suitable for the production of buildings, marine structures, railway vehicles, containers and the like that require weather resistance and workability. The object is to provide a method for producing a hot-rolled steel sheet having high weather resistance and high workability having a suitable tensile strength of 60 kgf / mm2.
[0013]
Another object of the present invention is to optimize alloy components and production conditions, such as adding Cr, Ni, Cu to improve corrosion resistance and strictly regulating the P content to improve workability. The present invention provides a method for producing a hot-rolled steel sheet having not only high strength and excellent workability but also good weather resistance and having a tensile strength of 60 kgf / mm2.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In order to achieve the above object, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a hot rolled steel sheet having 60 kgf / mm2 tensile strength, which has good weather resistance and workability, is C: 0.05 to 0.10% by weight. , Mn: 1.20 to 1.70%, Si: 0.30 to 0.60%, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.01% or less, Al: 0.01 to 0.07%, Cu: 0.20 to 0.50%, Cr: 0.8 to 1.5%, Nb: It is characterized by containing 0.04 to 0.08%, Ni: 0.10 to 0.40%, the balance Fe and other inevitable impurities. Also, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high weatherability and high workability hot-rolled steel sheet having a tensile strength of 60 kgf / mm2 is 0.015 to 0.040% Ti or 0.0005 to 0.005% Ca by weight. Is further included.
[0015]
Further, according to another embodiment of the present invention, by weight, C: 0.05 to 0.10%, Mn: 1.20 to 1.70%, Si: 0.30 to 0.60%, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.01% or less, Al: 0.01 to 0.07%, Cu: 0.20 to 0.50%, Cr: 0.8 to 1.5%, Nb: 0.04 to 0.08%, Ni: 0.10 to 0.40%, the balance Fe and steel containing other inevitable impurities In a method for producing a hot rolled steel sheet having a good tensile resistance and 60 kgf / mm2 in weather resistance, after producing the steel into a slab, the slab is heated at a temperature of 1120 ° C to 1250 ° C in a heating furnace. A heating stage for heating in a range, a rolling stage for hot rolling the heated slab in a range of a rolling finishing temperature of 820 ° C. to 900 ° C., and a hot-rolled steel sheet in a temperature range of 540 ° C. to 620 ° C. It is characterized by comprising a winding stage for winding.
[0016]
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described.
[0017]
First, the hot-rolled steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention is in weight percent, C: 0.05 to 0.10%, Mn: 1.20 to 1.70%, Si: 0.30 to 0.60%, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.01% or less. , Al: 0.01 ~ 0.07%, Cu: 0.20 ~ 0.50%, Cr: 0.8 ~ 1.5%, Nb: 0.04 ~ 0.08%, Ni: 0.10 ~ 0.40% The explanation is as follows. C: Carbon (C) is an element basically necessary for obtaining the strength of a hot-rolled steel sheet, and the tensile strength and the yield strength increase as the amount added increases. However, when the amount of carbon added is excessive, the workability of the material is lowered.
[0018]
Therefore, the upper limit of the amount of carbon added is limited to 0.10%. When the amount of carbon added is 0.05% or less, there is no precipitation strengthening effect that reacts with Nb, Ti, and the like added together because all of the carbon of ferrite is dissolved to increase the strength of the material. Therefore, the lower limit value of the carbon addition amount is set to 0.05%.
[0019]
Si: Silicon (Si) is generally added to deoxidize molten steel, and additionally provides a solid solution strengthening effect. Furthermore, silicon forms a dense oxide of Fe2SiO4 together with Fe on the surface layer of steel at a high temperature, and also acts to improve corrosion resistance.
[0020]
Accordingly, silicon is added in an amount of 0.3% or more in order to improve the weather resistance of the steel sheet.
[0021]
On the other hand, silicon increases the weldability of the steel sheet as the amount of silicon added increases, so in order to minimize the effect on the weldability of the steel sheet, the upper limit of the silicon addition amount is limited to 0.6%.
[0022]
Mn: Manganese (Mn) is added to steel and has a solid solution strengthening effect. That is, manganese is added in an amount of 1.2% or more in order to increase the strength of the steel sheet and improve hot workability. On the other hand, manganese reacts with yellow (S) in steel to form MnS. And MnS inhibits the softness and workability of the steel sheet.
[0023]
Therefore, to prevent this, the upper limit of manganese addition is limited to 1.7%.
[0024]
P: Phosphorus (P) works to improve the corrosion resistance of steel, so adding more is desirable from the aspect of corrosion resistance, but is the element that causes the most central segregation during steel casting For this reason, the weldability and toughness are reduced.
[0025]
Therefore, the amount of phosphorus added is limited to 0.03% or less in order to improve the corrosion resistance of the steel.
[0026]
S: Sulfur (S) is also a small element that is known to be effective in improving corrosion resistance. As mentioned above, it combines with manganese in steel to form non-metallic inclusions called MnS, thereby softening the steel sheet. And reduce the degree of processing. In other words, non-metallic inclusions crystallize at the grain boundaries to provide a corrosion initiation point, and further reduce the fracture strength and tensile properties of the steel sheet during bending, so the amount of sulfur added is 0.01% or less. Restrict.
[0027]
Al: Aluminum (Al) is an element necessary for deoxidizing molten steel, and is also effective for improving the corrosion resistance of steel sheets. However, if the amount of aluminum added is excessive, the amount of inclusions in the steel increases and the workability of the steel sheet may be reduced. Therefore, the amount of aluminum added is limited to 0.01 to 0.07% or less.
[0028]
Nb, Ti: These elements and the like are added in small amounts in the steel, and after binding with carbon and nitrogen, they precipitate in the steel and act to greatly increase the strength of the material.
[0029]
Therefore, the addition amount of these elements is limited to the addition range of normal high-tensile low alloy steel. That is, the addition amount of niobium (Nb) is limited to 0.04 to 0.08%, and the addition amount of titanium (Ti) is limited to 0.015 to 0.04%.
[0030]
Cu: Copper (Cu) forms a stable rust layer in a corrosive atmosphere, so it is added to improve the corrosion resistance of the steel sheet. That is, copper is usually added in an amount of 0.1% or more in a normal corrosive atmosphere, but is added in an amount of 0.2% or more in order to form a stable corrosion-resistant layer in an atmosphere such as an ocean climate. On the other hand, if the amount of copper added is excessive, the surface state of the hot-rolled steel sheet is roughened, so the amount added is limited to 0.5%.
[0031]
Cr: Chromium (Cr) forms a stable rust layer like copper, so the amount of addition is limited to 0.8 to 1.5% in order to greatly improve the corrosion resistance in the seawater atmosphere.
[0032]
Ni: Nickel (Ni) is generally added to prevent casting cracks that occur during the casting of copper-added steel, and usually more than half of the amount of copper added.
[0033]
Therefore, the amount of nickel added to the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present invention is limited to about 0.1 to 0.4%.
[0034]
Ca: Calcium (Ca) is added to prevent non-metallic inclusions such as MnS from being formed in the steel, thereby deteriorating the softness and workability of the steel sheet. And the effect that the corrosion resistance of a steel plate is improved by addition of calcium is also shown.
[0035]
Therefore, in order to obtain the effect of adding calcium, at least 0.0005% or more must be added to the steel. However, if the amount of calcium added is excessive, the amount of oxide-based non-metallic inclusions in the steel increases, and the impact resistance of the steel sheet decreases. Therefore, to prevent this, the upper limit of the amount of calcium added is limited to 0.005% or less.
[0036]
The hot-rolled steel sheet containing elements in the composition range as described above has a tensile strength of 60 kgf / mm2 as described below, and has a relatively low degree of corrosiveness, so it can withstand marine climate. In addition, since the processability is good, it can be used for manufacturing products with high weather resistance and high processability.
[0037]
Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing a hot-rolled steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0038]
First, by weight, C: 0.05 to 0.10%, Mn: 1.20 to 1.70%, Si: 0.30 to 0.60%, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.01% or less, Al: 0.01 to 0.07%, Cu: 0.20 to A steel containing 0.50%, Cr: 0.8 to 1.5%, Nb: 0.04 to 0.08%, Ni: 0.10 to 0.40%, the balance Fe and other inevitable impurities is manufactured with a slab by a continuous casting process or the like.
[0039]
In order to hot-roll the slab, the slab is reheated in a heating furnace at 1120 ° C. to 1250 ° C., and a hot finish is performed at a rolling finish temperature of about 820 ° C. to 900 ° C.
[0040]
Thereafter, the hot-rolled steel sheet is water-cooled at a cooling rate of at least 20 ° C./sec, and then wound at a temperature of 540 to 620 ° C.
[0041]
At this time, if the reheating temperature of the slab is lower than 1120 ° C., the solidified structure formed at the time of casting is not sufficiently destroyed, so that the center segregation develops well, and the final mixing of crystal grains formed thereby. Due to the grains, the workability and impact resistance of the steel sheet are significantly reduced. Therefore, the lower limit of the slab reheating temperature is set to 1120 ° C.
[0042]
On the other hand, if the reheating temperature of the slab is higher than 1250 ° C., the scale formation due to oxidation is promoted, and the amount of decrease in the thickness of the slab is relatively increased. The manufacturing cost of the hot-rolled steel sheet is increased due to the decrease in the properties and the increase in the heating unit, so the upper limit value of the reheating temperature of the slab is set to 1250 ° C. in order to prevent this.
[0043]
If the rolling finishing temperature exceeds 900 ° C., the austenite grain size after hot rolling becomes large, the crystal grain size before transformation becomes large, and the grain refinement after transformation becomes insufficient.
[0044]
Accordingly, since the impact toughness and strength of the steel sheet are lowered due to the coarsening of crystal grains, the upper limit of the rolling finishing temperature is set to 900 ° C. to prevent this.
[0045]
When the rolling finish temperature is 820 ° C or lower, hot rolling is finished in the two-phase region of austenite / ferrite transformation, and grain coarsening and mixed grain phenomenon occur, resulting in impact resistance and workability. In order to prevent this, the lower limit of the rolling finishing temperature is set to 820 ° C.
[0046]
When the cooling rate of the hot-rolled steel sheet is 20 ° C./sec or less, the growth of ferrite crystal grains is promoted and the formation of relatively coarse crystal grains decreases the impact attractiveness and strength of the steel sheet. Therefore, the cooling rate of the steel sheet is set to 20 ° C / sec or more.
[0047]
When the coiling temperature is maintained below 540 ° C., the ferrite structure changes from polygonal ferrite to acicular ferrite. As a result, a fine structure containing a large amount of bainite structure is formed, and workability including weldability and impact resistance is somewhat hindered. Therefore, in order to avoid such low temperature winding, the lower limit value of the winding temperature is set to 540 ° C.
[0048]
On the other hand, if the hot-rolled steel sheet is wound at a temperature of 620 ° C or higher, the strength of the steel sheet decreases due to the growth of crystal grains and coarsening of precipitates. To prevent this, the upper limit value of the winding temperature is set to 620 ° C. To do.
[0049]
In addition, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to prevent the strength of the steel sheet from being reduced by MnS inclusions formed in the steel as described above, calcium (Ca ) Is added. That is, the addition of calcium replaces MnS inclusions sensitive to cracks with CaS inclusions. Then, 0.015 to 0.040% of titanium (Ti) is added to increase the strength of the steel plate.
<Examples> Table 1 shows chemical compositions of inventive steels, comparative steels and conventional steels produced according to the examples of the present invention.
[0050]
Here, the conventional steel means a highly weathered rolled steel manufactured according to the conventional example, and is usually referred to as SPA-H. And comparative steel means the rolled steel produced by trial production in order to develop invention steel.
[Table 1]
Figure 0003732424
As shown in Table 1 above, in order to improve the corrosion resistance of the medium-low carbon steel component system, P, Cr, and Cu are relatively added to the conventional steels A, B, and C.
[0051]
However, the invention steel and the comparative steels A, B and C were added with a relatively small amount of P in order to improve the workability, while a large amount of Cr component was added in order to improve the corrosion resistance. On the other hand, Ca was added to the inventive steel and the comparative steel B.
[0052]
Furthermore, in order to improve the strength of the steel sheet, Nb and Ti were added to the inventive steel and the comparative steel C.
[0053]
Steel containing the components shown in Table 1 above was produced by a slab in a continuous casting process. The slab was reheated in a heating furnace at a temperature range of 1120 to 1250 ° C. for 3 hours or more, and then hot-rolled to a final thickness of 4.5 to 6.0 mm to produce a hot-rolled steel sheet. At this time, the rolling finishing temperature was set to 820 to 900 ° C. When winding the hot-rolled steel sheet, the temperature was maintained at 560-620 ° C.
[0054]
Table 2 below shows the tensile strength and workability of the steel sheet thus manufactured.
[Table 2]
Figure 0003732424
As shown in Table 2 above, the tensile strengths of the inventive steels and comparative steels A, B and C are relatively large compared to the tensile strengths of the conventional steels A, B and C, ie 60 kgf / It can be seen that it indicates mm2 or more. It can also be seen that the invention steel and the comparative steels A, B, and C also show relatively good values in comparison with the conventional steels A, B, and C in terms of yield strength and impact resistance.
[0055]
On the other hand, Table 3 below shows the results of evaluating the weather resistance of steel and the like shown in Table 1 above. Here, the conventional steel is the result of testing SPA-H currently used as container steel and SS400 of general carbon steel.
[Table 3]
Figure 0003732424
The test specimen was covered with paint and only one surface was exposed, and the exposed area was 105 cm2.
[0056]
The test is carried out for about 30 days.After the test, the rust formed on the surface is removed with a solution of 17% (NH4) 2HC6H5O7 at about 70-80 ° C, and the weight loss is measured to determine the degree of corrosion. Converted to depth.
[0057]
The corrosion depths of the invention steels and comparative steels A, B and C are almost the same or better than the conventional steel SPA-H, and the corrosion depth is about twice as low as that of SS400 of general steel. Indicated.
[0058]
In particular, in the case of the invention steel and the comparative steels A, B and C, the content of P which is an element having a great influence on the improvement of the weather resistance is 0.10 of SPA-H of the conventional steel in consideration of the brittleness and weldability of the steel plate. On the other hand, the Cr content was increased approximately twice as much as the SPA-H of the conventional steel to improve the corrosion resistance. As a result, there was no significant difference in weather resistance even in the coastal atmosphere with sufficient salt. I understand.
[0059]
On the other hand, in the attached drawings, FIGS. 1 and 2 are graphs showing changes in mechanical properties of hot-rolled steel sheets obtained from the bottom, middle, and top of the coil according to the present invention. Is a graph showing the average tensile strength and average yield strength of invention steel, comparative steel, and conventional steel.
[0060]
Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the tensile strength of the inventive steel almost satisfies the target value of 60 kgf / mm 2 or more. 3 and 4, it can be seen that the tensile strength and yield strength of the inventive steel are relatively high compared to the conventional steel as well as the comparative steel.
[0061]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, hot rolling having a tensile strength of 60 kgf / mm2 which is required for corrosion resistance of buildings, offshore structures, railway vehicles, containers and the like and is suitable for products aimed at weight reduction. By providing a steel plate, it is possible to produce a product having excellent corrosion resistance and various workability compared to the hot rolled steel plate according to the conventional example, and at the same time, it has the effect of contributing to the weight reduction and longevity of the product. .
[0062]
The foregoing is merely illustrative of a preferred embodiment of the present invention and those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will not depart from the spirit and gist of the present invention as set forth in the appended claims. It should be recognized that modifications and changes can be made to the present invention.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing changes in mechanical properties of a hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present invention and a hot-rolled steel sheet according to a conventional example.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing changes in mechanical properties of a hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present invention and a hot-rolled steel sheet according to a conventional example.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the average tensile strength of the invention steel and the conventional steel.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the average yield strength of the inventive steel and the conventional steel.

Claims (3)

重量%で、C:0.05〜0.10%、Mn:1.20〜1.70%、Si:0.30〜0.60%、P:0.03%以下、S:0.01%以下、Al:0.01〜0.07%、Cu:0.20〜0.50%、Cr:0.8〜1.5%、Nb:0.04〜0.08%、Ni:0.10〜0.40%、残部Feおよびその他の不可避な不純物を含有している鋼を、高耐候性及び高加工性熱延鋼板として製造する方法において、前記鋼をスラブに製造する段階と;前記スラブを加熱炉で1120℃〜1250℃で加熱する加熱段階と;加熱されたスラブを820℃〜900℃の圧延仕上げ温度の範囲で熱間圧延する圧延段階と;熱間圧延された鋼板を540℃〜620℃温度の範囲で巻取る巻取り段階からなることを特徴とする高耐候性及び高加工性熱延鋼板の製造方法。By weight%, C: 0.05 to 0.10%, Mn: 1.20 to 1.70%, Si: 0.30 to 0.60%, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.01% or less, Al: 0.01 to 0.07%, Cu: 0.20 to 0.50% , Cr: 0.8 to 1.5%, Nb: 0.04 to 0.08%, Ni: 0.10 to 0.40%, steel containing the balance Fe and other inevitable impurities is manufactured as a hot weathered and highly workable hot rolled steel sheet A method in which the steel is produced into a slab; a heating step in which the slab is heated in a heating furnace at 1120 ° C. to 1250 ° C .; and the heated slab is heated in a rolling finishing temperature range of 820 ° C. to 900 ° C. A method for producing a highly weatherable and highly workable hot-rolled steel sheet, comprising: a rolling stage for hot rolling; and a winding stage for winding the hot-rolled steel sheet at a temperature in the range of 540 ° C to 620 ° C. 前記鋼には重量%で、0.015〜0.040%のTiがさらに含有されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の高耐候性及び高加工性熱延鋼板の製造方法。The method for producing a high weatherability and high workability hot-rolled steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein the steel further contains 0.015 to 0.040% Ti by weight. 前記鋼には重量%で、0.0005〜0.005%のCaがさらに含有されていることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の高耐候性及び高加工性熱延鋼板の製造方法。The method for producing a high weatherability and high workability hot-rolled steel sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the steel further contains 0.0005 to 0.005% Ca by weight.
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