JP3727593B2 - Roots harvesting mechanism of root crop harvesting machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a leaf stem pulling structure of a root vegetable harvesting machine for harvesting root vegetables such as onions, carrots, radishes, or garlics planted on straw.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In an onion harvester that is an example of a root crop harvester, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-28920, a multi-sheet hung on a basket is located on both sides of a root crop to be harvested. Among the leaf stems of the root vegetables protruding from the planting hole, a plurality of leaf stem lifting devices that pull up the leaf stems that have fallen so as to intersect the direction of travel of the aircraft on the top and slope of the cocoon by moving the locking claws vertically , Picking up the leaves and stems pulled up by the leaf-stalk-lifting device and scraping the leaves and stems that fall down so as to follow the direction of the aircraft body, There is a device equipped with a device, etc., and conventionally, in the leaf stem lifting structure of such a root vegetable harvesting machine, the locking claw of the leaf stem lifting device is straight toward the moving direction of the body when lifting the leaf stem With a forward-facing posture It has been configured to.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, according to the above-mentioned prior art, leaf stems that have fallen so as to intersect the direction of travel of the aircraft on the top surface and slope of the heel, and leaf stems that have collapsed so as to follow the direction of travel of the aircraft on the top surface of the heel, Although it can be pulled up backwards by a stem lifting device or leaf stem lifting device, it has become impossible to lift a fallen leaf stem along the traveling direction of the aircraft on the slope of the heel, , The certainty of operations such as lifting the root vegetables from the straw using the leaf stems lifted by the leaf stem lifting device or the leaf stem lifting device, or cutting the root stems of the root vegetables is reduced. It was.
[0004]
The purpose of the present invention is to enable the lifting of leaf stems that fall down along the direction of travel of the aircraft in the slope of the cocoon, and to lift the root vegetables from the cocoon using leaf stems and cut the leaf stems It is to make it possible to perform more reliably.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
〔Constitution〕
  In order to achieve the above object, in the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention, in a root vegetable harvesting machine for harvesting root vegetables planted in a straw, the root vegetables are located on both sides of the root vegetables to be harvested. The leaf stems of the root vegetables protruding from the planting holes of the multi-sheets hung on the straw,By horizontal transmission shaft along the left and right direction of the aircraftEquipped with a plurality of leaf stem lifting devices that pull up by the vertical movement of the locking claw, and among these multiple leaf stem lifting devices, it is equipped with a leaf stem lifting device that acts on leaf stems that have fallen into the slope of the heel The locking clawThe base end side is in a posture along a leaf stem pulling locus of the locking claw, andInward posture with its tip side facing inward of the heelAsThe length is longer than the locking claw provided in the leaf stem pulling device that acts on the leaf stem that has fallen into the upper surface of the ridge.
[0006]
[Action]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the leaf claw pulling device locking claw that acts on the leaf stem that has fallen into the slope of the heel has fallen so that it crosses the direction of travel of the aircraft on the slope of the heel It will cross over any stem that has fallen along the direction of movement of the stem or the aircraft, and by moving the locking claw vertically, the leaf stem that has fallen into the slope of the heel It can be lifted reliably regardless of the posture.
[0007]
Also, the locking claw of the leaf stem lifting device that acts on the leaf stem that has fallen into the slope of the reed is made longer than the locking claw of the leaf stem lifting device that acts on the leaf stem that has fallen into the top surface of the reed. Therefore, it is possible to increase the distance between the case of the leaf stem lifting device that acts on the leaf stem that has fallen into the slope of the cocoon and the slope of the cocoon where the multi-seat is likely to be lifted. So that the multi-sheet that floats up from the slope can be damaged by contact with the case of the leaf stem lifting device, and the damaged part can be caught by the locking claw and caught in the leaf stem lifting device. Become.
[0008]
〔effect〕
Therefore, it is possible to pull up the stems that have fallen on the slope of the cocoon regardless of the posture, so that the root vegetables using the leaf stalk can be lifted from the cocoon and the leaf stem can be cut more reliably. In addition, it becomes possible to more effectively avoid the interruption of work due to the trouble that the multi-seat is damaged and caught in the leaf-stalk lifting device, so that the work reliability and work efficiency can be improved. Became.
[0009]
〔Constitution〕
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, a resin material that can be elastically deformed is used for the tip of the locking claw, and the tip is formed in a spatula shape. .
[0010]
[Action]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the elastically deformable resin material is employed at the tip of the locking claw, the tip of the multi-sheet is rolled up when the fallen stem is rolled up on the multi-sheet. When the sheet comes into contact with the sheet, the sheet is elastically deformed so as to prevent the sheet from being caught on the multi sheet.
[0011]
By the way, for example, if the front end portion of the locking claw is formed in a rod shape with an elastically deformable resin material, the reaction force when the front end portion is elastically deformed increases. Therefore, in order to more reliably raise and raise the leaf stems with the locking claws of the leaf stem lifting device, for example, the leaf stem lifting device has a lower end that is the leaf stem lifting start end portion in a multi-sheet. If the contact amount of the locking claw with respect to the multi-sheet is increased by arranging it closer, etc., the closer the lower end of the leaf stem lifting device is to the multi-sheet, the more the contact with the multi-sheet at the front end of the locking claw Because the reaction force acting on the multi-sheet increases with the elastic deformation due to the force, and the deformation of the multi-sheet due to the reaction force also increases, the tip of the locking claw becomes easy to be caught on the multi-sheet, and due to the catch It becomes easy to cause breakage of the multi-sheet.
[0012]
Therefore, in the invention described in claim 2, not only the elastically deformable resin material is adopted at the tip of the locking claw, but also the tip is formed in a spatula shape. For example, the leaf stem lifting device is placed in a state in which the lower end portion of the leaf stem lifting start end portion is closer to the multi-seat. Even if the contact amount of the latching claw with respect to the multi-sheet is increased, when the latching claw comes into contact with the multi-sheet, the tip portion of the latching claw easily generates a waist folding phenomenon. Only the contact end side of the sheet is bent and deformed, and the reaction force acting on the multi-sheet is greatly reduced compared to the case where the entire rod-shaped tip is elastically deformed, and the multi-sheet is deformed by the reaction force. Is also considerably smaller From the tip of the locking claw it can be effectively suppressed risk being caught in a multi-seat, so damage to the multi-sheet resulting from its caught can be more reliably avoided.
[0013]
In addition, in the state where the locking claw is in contact with the multi-sheet, only the contact end side of the tip portion is bent and deformed, and the portion not in contact with the multi-sheet is not deformed with respect to the leaf stem. Since the proper posture that acts favorably is maintained, the scooping of the leaf stem by the latching claw compared to the one in which the entire tip of the latching claw is elastically deformed and the posture with respect to the leaf stem changes greatly. Raising and lifting can be performed more reliably and satisfactorily.
[0014]
〔effect〕
Accordingly, the stems are scooped up and pulled up by the locking claws of the leaf stem lifting device without causing interruption of the work due to the trouble that the multi-sheet is damaged by the tip of the locking claws and is caught in the leaf stem lifting device. Thus, the reliability of work and the work efficiency can be improved more effectively.
[0015]
〔Constitution〕
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the second aspect, the latching claw is configured to be divided into a base end portion connected to an endless rotation band and the front end portion. In addition, the base end portion is formed to have a sheath portion that externally holds the base end portion of the tip end portion with a hard material.
[0016]
[Action]
According to the invention of claim 3, the specification change of the locking claw according to the type of the root vegetables to be harvested or the cultivation method of root vegetables such as multi-cultivation and outdoor cultivation, etc., and damage to the tip of the locking claw When performing repairs according to the state, etc., the connection between the endless rotation band where the connection part is hidden by the case of the leaf stem lifting device and the base end of the locking claw is left as it is, from the case of the leaf stem lifting device Since it is only necessary to replace the exposed end portion of the base end portion, labor and cost required for the replacement can be reduced as compared with the case of replacing the entire locking claw.
[0017]
In addition, by adopting a hard material at the base end, the proper position that the locking claw works favorably on the leaf stem compared to the case where the entire locking claw is made of an elastically deformable resin material In addition, since the base end portion of the tip end portion is externally held by the sheath portion of the base end portion, it is unnecessary at the base end portion of the tip end portion when the leaf stem is scooped up or pulled up. Elastic deformation can be suppressed, and it becomes easier to maintain the tip part in an appropriate posture that suitably acts on the leaf stem. Will be able to do.
[0018]
〔effect〕
Therefore, change the specifications of the locking claws according to the type of root vegetables to be harvested, or the cultivation method of root vegetables such as multi-cultivation and open field cultivation, and repairs according to the damage state of the locking claw tip. The work efficiency can be improved at the same time, the cost required for changing the specifications and repairs can be reduced, and the leaf stems can be scooped up and pulled up by the locking claws. It is now possible to further improve the certainty.
[0019]
〔Constitution〕
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the third aspect, a through hole formed in each of a pair of side surfaces opposed to the sheath portion and a through hole formed in the base end portion And an insertion portion provided with a reduced-expansion portion that is reduced in diameter when inserted into each through-hole at the tip and expanded after insertion and locked to the side surface, and after insertion into each through-hole. A locking pin formed so as to have a head that contacts the side surface when the diameter of the expansion / contraction portion is expanded is configured to prevent the distal end portion from coming off from the base end portion.
[0020]
[Action]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the proximal end portion of the distal end portion is inserted into the sheath portion of the proximal end portion, and the insertion portion of the locking pin is formed on the pair of side surfaces and the proximal end portion facing each other of the sheath portion. Each of the through-holes is inserted so that the head of the locking pin comes into contact with one side surface of the sheath portion and the expanded / contracted portion expands to be locked to the other side surface of the sheath portion. For example, the distal end portion and the proximal end portion of the locking claw can be connected to each other in a state in which the proximal end portion of the distal end portion is fitted and held on the sheath portion of the proximal end portion. Moreover, the diameter of the expansion / contraction portion of the locking pin that is connected to prevent the tip end portion and the base end portion of the locking claw from coming off is reduced, and the locking between the expansion portion and the other side surface of the sheath portion is released, By pulling out the insertion portion of the locking pin from each through hole of the sheath portion and the base end portion, it is possible to release the locking connection between the distal end portion and the base end portion of the locking claw.
[0021]
In addition, since the connecting portion where the distal end portion and the proximal end portion are locked by the locking pin is a portion where the elastic deformation of the distal end portion is prevented by the sheath portion of the proximal end portion, the distal end portion is elastically deformed. The reaction force is not applied to the locking pin, so that it is not necessary to make the locking pin strong enough to withstand the reaction force when the tip is elastically deformed. While adopting a relatively inexpensive pin, the durability can be improved.
[0022]
〔effect〕
Therefore, it is possible to easily prevent and release the tip from the base end of the locking claw by operating the locking pin, so that locking according to the type of root vegetables to be harvested and the cultivation method of root vegetables It is possible to improve the workability when repairing according to changes in the specifications of the nail and the damage state of the tip of the locking nail, etc., and it is possible to reduce the cost and improve the durability. .
[0023]
〔Constitution〕
In the invention according to claim 5 of the present invention, in the invention according to claim 4, relative rotation around the axis of the locking pin with respect to the base end portion is performed on the sheath portion or the contracted / expanded portion. Accordingly, a cam surface for reducing the diameter of the expanded / contracted portion was formed.
[0024]
[Action]
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, even if the diameter of the engaging claw is not directly reduced, the engaging claw of the engaging claw is not required to be directly operated. By operating the head and rotating the locking pin around its axis with respect to the base end, the diameter of the expansion / contraction portion is reduced, and the expansion / contraction portion and the other side surface of the sheath portion are locked. Therefore, it is possible to allow the insertion portion to be extracted from each through hole of the sheath portion and the base end portion.
[0025]
In the state where the front end and the base end of the locking claw are connected with the locking pin, the locking pin is positioned so that the head of the locking pin is located at a position where it can be easily operated from the outside. When the insertion part of the locking pin is inserted into the through hole of the sheath part and the base end part, the pushing operation of the locking pin using the head and the contraction / expansion part are reduced in diameter. The rotation operation of the locking pin using the head when releasing the locking between the expanded portion and the other side surface of the sheath portion can be easily performed.
[0026]
〔effect〕
Therefore, it becomes possible to more easily prevent and release the distal end from the base end by operating the locking pin, so that it can be locked according to the type of root vegetables to be harvested and the method of growing root vegetables. It has become possible to further improve the workability when repairing according to changes in the specifications of the nail and the state of damage to the tip of the locking claw.
[0027]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Figs. 1 to 20 show a configuration in which an onion harvesting machine, which is an example of a root vegetable harvesting machine, is changed to a multi-spec, and Figs. 21 to 29 show a configuration in which the onion harvesting machine is changed to an outdoor specification. This onion harvester is basically constructed to open ground specifications that make harvestable onion W, which is an example of a root vegetable W cultivated in the open ground, partially in its basic configuration By making such a change, it is possible to change the specification to a multi-specification that makes the onion W cultivated with flat straw covered with the multi-sheet F ready for harvesting.
[0028]
First, based on FIGS. 21 to 29, an onion harvester with an open-air specification serving as a basic configuration will be described.
[0029]
This onion harvester is an example of a root vegetable cultivated on a wide flat rice cake as it travels at the front of a traveling machine body A equipped with a three-wheeled and looped steering handle 1. All onions W on the flat rice cake with a structure equipped with the harvesting mechanism B that is configured to extract the two right-hand strips of the onion W of the stripe in the traveling direction. Is processed to a state where it can be harvested.
[0030]
The traveling machine body A includes a pair of left and right drive rear wheels 2 arranged so as to straddle a flat fence, and one idle front wheel 3 arranged so as to move on the right saddle, and is mounted on the rear part of the machine body. Power from the engine 4 is transmitted to the left and right drive rear wheels 2 via the left and right shaft transmission mechanisms 6 and the chain transmission mechanism 7 after being shifted by the transmission 5. The left shaft type transmission mechanism 6 is configured to be extendable and retractable, whereby the position of the left driving rear wheel 2 can be changed to the left and right, so that the rear wheel tread can be changed according to the width of the heel. It is like that. The idle front wheel 3 is configured to function as a gauge wheel that determines the height of the harvesting mechanism B with respect to the ground. The height of the ground of the harvesting mechanism B is adjusted by rotating the hand handle 8 to harvest the idle front wheel 3. It can be adjusted by changing the height position of the mechanism B.
[0031]
The harvesting mechanism B includes three weeding tools 9 that scoop up the leaf stems Wb located on the left and right sides of the two onions W to be extracted, and the two onions W to be extracted. Three vertically rotating leaf stem lifting devices 10 located on the left and right sides, a laterally rotating leaf stem scraping device 11 located behind it, and a pinch lifting and conveying device 12 located behind it, and its starting end Of the landslide device 13 located nearby, the alignment device 14 positioned below the nipping / lifting conveyance device 12, the leaf cutting cutter 15 positioned between the nipping / lifting conveyance device 12 and the alignment device 14, and the alignment device 14 The posture alignment device 16 located at the rear is equipped.
[0032]
Each weeding tool 9 is used in open field specifications, and is detachably mounted on the case 21 of the corresponding leaf stem lifting device 10.
[0033]
Each leaf-stalk pulling device 10 is connected between a number of hooks 23 that can be raised and lowered to a chain 22 that is an example of an endless rotating belt that is wound between sprockets provided at the top and bottom of a case 21 and driven vertically. By moving the locking claw 23 in a forward-facing posture protruding in the advancing direction of the machine body from the vicinity of the ground to the rear and obliquely upward, the leaf stem Wb of the onion W scooped up by each weeding tool 9 is pulled up. It is comprised so that it may be arranged to act on both the left and right sides of each of the two onions W.
[0034]
Each locking claw 23 is configured by detachably connecting a distal end portion 23B made of a soft resin formed into a resiliently deformable rod shape to a base end portion 23A made of a hard resin that is connected to the chain 22 so as to be raised and lowered. Thus, the tip 23B is elastically deformed when it comes into contact with the flat surface.
[0035]
The driving of each leaf stem lifting device 10 will be described. The PTO shaft 26 to which power transmission is intermittently connected via the PT0 clutch 25 is horizontally mounted on the work power output unit 24 provided at the front portion of the transmission 5. A lateral transmission shaft 28 for driving the leaf stem lifting device is horizontally mounted on the front end of the forward transmission shaft 27 extending forward from the left end of the PTO shaft 26, and each leaf stem lifting device 10 is supported by the lateral transmission shaft 28. Is to be driven.
[0036]
Incidentally, each leaf-stalk pulling device 10 is configured to be able to change its posture around the lateral transmission shaft 28.
[0037]
The leaf stem raking device 11 is provided with a number of locking claws 33 connected to a belt 32 that is wound between pulleys provided at the top and bottom of a case 31 and driven in a horizontal direction. It is configured to scrape the leaf stem Wb of the onion W by moving it backward and obliquely upward from the vicinity of the ground in a posture projecting toward the ground, and the pair of left and right belts 32 are engaged with each other. The leaf stems Wb of the two onions W, which are arranged facing each other so that the claws 33 overlap and are pulled up by the leaf stem lifting device 10, are scraped from the left and right at the start ends of both belts 32, and then rearwardly upward. It can be scraped up.
[0038]
That is, the leaf-stalk-raising device 11 scrapes the leaf-stem Wb by the lateral movement of the locking claw 33, so that the locking claw 33 is applied to the leaf-stem Wb facing in the front-rear direction. Even if the leaf stem Wb cannot be pulled up by the leaf stem lifting device 10, the leaf stem Wb is moved forward by the leaf stem lifting device 10, since it will cross and be surely locked. By being corrected to the fallen posture, the leaf stem Wb can be surely given the scraping action by the leaf stem scraping device 11, so that all the leaf stems Wb can be scraped up. It has become.
[0039]
  The sandwiching / lifting / conveying device 12 is constructed by opposingly arranging a pair of left and right wide sandwiching belts 34 that are wound between upper and lower pulleys and driven to rotate laterally.2The leaf stalk Wb of the strip onion W is strongly clamped by the right and left clamping belts 34 and moved rearward and upward so that the two strips of onion W on the flat rod are pulled up and hung upward and rearward. It is configured.
[0040]
The left clamping belt 34 in the clamping / lifting / conveying device 12 is driven by the power transmitted from the PTO shaft 26 via the worm reduction mechanism 36 and the chain transmission mechanism 37, and the front end of the left clamping belt 34 is driven. The belt 32 on the left side of the leaf stem lifting device 11 is driven by the power extracted from the shaft, and the nipping / lifting / conveying device is transmitted by the power transmitted via the transmission shaft 38 linked to the middle of the chain transmission mechanism 37. 12 is driven, and the right belt 32 of the leaf stem raking device 11 is driven by the power extracted from the front end of the right clamping belt 34.
[0041]
The alignment device 14 is used in an open field specification, and is configured by opposingly arranging a pair of left and right guide belts 47 that are wound between front and rear pulleys and driven to rotate laterally, and is substantially horizontal in the front-rear direction. is set up. Therefore, the interval between the position aligning device 14 and the nipping / lifting / conveying device 12 above it is larger toward the rear side in the conveying direction, and the leaf stem Wb is nipped by the nipping / lifting / conveying device 12 and conveyed obliquely rearward and upward. The onion W leaf stem Wb is introduced between the left and right guide belts 47, and the onion body Wa to be lifted upward by the pinch-up / conveying device 12 is received by the lower surface of the guide belt 47 and further moved upward. By preventing the onion, the onion body Wa is configured to have a uniform height. Note that the left and right guide belts 47 in the alignment device 14 are respectively driven by power extracted from the rear ends of the left and right belts 32 in the leaf stem raking device 11.
[0042]
The leaf stem clamping force by the left and right clamping belts 34 in the clamping / lifting / conveying device 12 becomes stronger at the front end of the conveyance where the onions W are pulled up from the field, and the height of the onion body Wa is increased in cooperation with the alignment device 14. The leaf stem Wb of the onion W that has been prevented from moving upward by the position aligning device 14 is pulled out relatively downward from the pinching / lifting transport device 12. Yes.
[0043]
The leaf-cutting cutter 15 is also used in open field specifications, and is composed of a single disk cutter mounted at the front end of a pair of chain-type transmission mechanisms 48 and 49 connected to the PTO shaft 26 so as to bend and extend. The position can be adjusted up and down along the linear slide guide mechanism 50. Accordingly, the length of the leaf stem Wb left uncut by the onion body Wa by cutting the leaf stem Wb of the onion W whose height of the onion body Wa is aligned by the position aligning device 14 and adjusting the operation position thereof. The height can be adjusted.
[0044]
The landslide device 13 facilitates the pulling out of the onion W from the flat shears by the sandwiching and lifting and transporting device 12, near the bottom of the heel and from the upper surface of the flat ridge, below the two onions W on the right side in the aircraft traveling direction. A pair of left and right soil cutting bodies 41 refracted in an L-shape in front view so as to enter. Each soil crushing body 41 is pivotally supported at the front portion of the body frame 9 so as to be able to swing back and forth around a fulcrum P1, and has an extended end above it and an eccentric crank portion 43 provided at the right end of the PTO shaft 26. The rod 44 is interlocked and connected by the rod 44, and the rod 44 is pushed and pulled through the eccentric crank portion 43, so that the soil breaking body 41 swings back and forth around the fulcrum P <b> 1 with a certain small stroke, and the soil below the onion W is moved. By breaking and softening, the onions W that are picked up and pulled by the pinch-and-lift conveying device 12 can be pulled out without difficulty.
[0045]
The posture aligning device 16 is used in the open ground specifications, and is taken out from the guide bar 51 and the guide plate 52 arranged on the terminal end side of the position aligning device 14 with the conveyance path interposed therebetween and from the terminal end of the left guide belt 47. The onion main body Wa, which is formed by a belt 53 with a protrusion that is driven by the motive power, is cut off after the leaf is cut, and the left uncut leaf stem Wb is sandwiched between the left and right guide belts 47 and conveyed backward, The guide bar 51 and the guide plate 52 are configured so as to be corrected to a lateral orientation that can be easily collected and forcibly discharged onto a flat plate.
[0046]
The onion harvester with an open-surface specification is configured as described above. With respect to the 4 onions W that are cultivated in the open ground in the flat rice field, the two onions W on the right side in the direction of travel are pulled out in one step. The leaves are cut at a predetermined length and left in a horizontal posture that is easy to collect on a flat surface.
[0047]
By the way, the onion W that has been leaf-leaved and left on the flat plate is collected manually or by a collecting machine.
[0048]
Next, a multi-spec onion harvester will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0049]
In addition, equipment and parts that have the same configuration as those in the open field specifications of the multi-specific onion harvester are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the open field specifications, and descriptions thereof are omitted. Only the configuration different from the machine will be described.
[0050]
The harvesting mechanism B removes the weeding tool 9 from the case 21 of each leaf-stalk lifting device 10 in order to avoid the damage of the multi-sheet F by the weeding tool 9, and instead the leaf that has fallen into the flat slope By installing the vertical rotation type leaf stem lifting device 10 acting on the stem Wb, a total of four leaf stem lifting devices 10 are provided, and each of these leaf stem lifting devices 10 is driven by the lateral transmission shaft 28. ing.
[0051]
By the way, when the flat sheet is covered with the multi-sheet F, the sheet part covering the heel skirt is naturally covered with the soil covering the sheet part covering the left and right center onions to prevent the multi-sheet F from rolling up. It is generally done. Also, in this case, simply covering the sheet portion covering the center between the onions on the left and right sides can easily cause a problem that the soil is easily washed away by rain and wind and the multi-sheet F is swollen. In order to suppress the occurrence of defects, grooves are formed in the center of the left and right sides of the upper surface of the flat wall in advance, and it is easy to cover the soil with rain and wind by covering the sheet part located on this groove with soil. It is also common practice to prevent them from being washed away. In other words, in the state where the multi-sheet F is covered with a flat ridge, the sheet portion covering the center onions on the left and right sides that are prevented from being rolled up by the soil is between the left and right onions that are not protected from being rolled up by the soil. It is designed to sink more than the sheet part covering it.
[0052]
Therefore, among the leaf raising devices 10, the first leaf raising device 10 </ b> A acting on the leaf stem Wb that has fallen into the sheet portion that covers the space between the onions at the left and right centers where the rolling prevention of the multi-sheet F has been performed is The tip of the locking claw 23 lifts each leaflet more than the second leaflet lifting device 10B that acts on the leaf stem Wb that has fallen into the sheet portion that covers the space between the onions on both the left and right sides where the sheet F is not prevented from rolling up. The posture is changed to a standing posture in which the leaf stem pulling locus k drawn at the lower end of the device 10 is lowered.
[0053]
As a result, for the leaf stem Wb that has fallen into the sheet portion that covers the space between the left and right onions in the multi-sheet F, the first leaf stem lifting device Even when the 10A locking claw 23 is in a state in which the soil for preventing dripping is washed away by rain and wind and the leaf stem Wb is submerged, when the leaf stem Wb is scooped up, the tip of the leaf is lifted. The leaf stem Wb that has come to act in a preferred state that is avoided and that has fallen into the sheet portion that covers the space between the onions on both the left and right sides that is in a state of being lifted more than the sheet portion that covers the space between the onions on the left and right in the multi-sheet F. On the other hand, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of a problem that the locking claw 23 of the second leaf stem lifting device 10B pierces the multi-sheet F and pulls the multi-sheet F together with the leaf stem Wb. It is adapted to act in a suitable state.
[0054]
On the other hand, the posture of the third leaf raising device 10C acting on the leaf stem Wb that has fallen into the shoulder is set so that the height position of the leaf raising route k is the same as that of the second leaf raising device 10B. The fourth leaf stem lifting device 10D that acts on the leaf stem Wb that has fallen into the slope of the cocoon has a lower leaf stem lifting locus k than the other leaf stem lifting devices 10A to 10C, and has a large tilt angle. It is composed of a scale.
[0055]
As a result, with respect to the leaf stem Wb that has fallen into the heel shoulder, the locking claw 23 of the third leaf stem lifting device 10C is lifted from the heel shoulder or pierced into the sheet portion covering the heel shoulder and together with the leaf stem Wb. For the leaf stem Wb that has fallen into the slope of the flat camellia, it works in a suitable state in which the occurrence of the problem of pulling up the multi-sheet F is avoided. The locking claw 23 comes to operate in a suitable state in which the occurrence of the problem of lifting from the slope or piercing the sheet portion covering the slope and pulling up the multi-sheet F together with the leaf stem Wb is avoided. Yes.
[0056]
In the first to third leaf stem pulling devices 10A to 10C, each of the locking claws 23 has been changed from an open-surface specification to a multi-specification, and the specification change is formed in a rod shape with a soft resin material that can be elastically deformed. The tip 23B (see FIG. 27) for the outdoor field is made of a soft resin material that can be elastically deformed so that the tip 23a is a wide spatula and has a curved shape when viewed from the front in the leaf-stalk pulling-up posture. This can be done by exchanging with the formed multi-purpose tip 23C.
[0057]
Each locking claw 23 of the fourth leaf stem lifting device 10D is a soft resin material that is elastically deformable on the base end portion 23A of the locking claw 23 employed in the other leaf stem lifting devices 10A to 10C. A multi-tip end portion 23D that is formed in a long shape with an ugly shape and a tip portion 23a having a spatula shape and a curved shape when viewed from the front in a leaf-stalk pulling-up posture is detachably connected. By doing so, the tip end side is inwardly directed toward the inside of the flat ridge, and is configured to be longer than the locking claws 23 provided in the other leaf stem pulling devices 10A to 10C. Yes.
[0058]
That is, the tip portions 23C and 23D for the multi are formed so that the tip portion 23a has a spatula shape in which the hip folding phenomenon easily occurs, but the front view in the leaf stem pulling action posture has an upward curved shape. Thus, at the time of the leaf stem lifting action in which the locking claws 23 protrude forward, each locking claw 23 can be maintained in a suitable leaf stem lifting posture in which the whole extends forward. At the time of the leaf stem scooping action in which the tips of the respective locking claws 23 come into contact with the multi-sheet F, only the contact end side of the tip portions 23a of the tip portions 23C and 23D is easily bent and deformed and acts on the multi-sheet F. Since the reaction force of the elastically deformed locking claws 23 is greatly reduced, the leaf stems Wb are caused by the respective leaf stem lifting devices 10A to 10D without causing damage to the multi-sheet F by the locking claws 23. So that the can go and lift it out reliably and well scooped up.
[0059]
In addition, the fourth leaf stem lifting device 10D that acts on the leaf stem Wb that has fallen into the slope of the flat ridge has fallen so that its locking claw 23 intersects the traveling direction of the aircraft on the slope of the flat ridge. Since it intersects with both the leaf stem Wb and the leaf stem Wb that has fallen along the traveling direction of the aircraft, the leaf stem Wb that has fallen into the slope of the flat ridge is related to their posture. It is possible to crawl up and pull it up without fail, and the locking claw 23 locks the other leaf stem lifting devices 10A to 10C that act on the leaf stem Wb that has fallen into the upper surface of the flat ridge. Since the length is longer than that of the claw 23, the distance between the case 21 and the slope where the multi-sheet F is likely to be lifted can be increased. Sheet F is the fourth leaf stem lifting device Damaged in contact with 0D of the case 21, so that the avoiding occurrence of an inconvenience that breach is involved in the fourth leaf and stem pulling apparatus 10D caught claw 23.
[0060]
In short, from the above configuration, the leaf stem Wb that has fallen in various states along the shape of the flat ridge can be lifted and pulled up by the corresponding leaf stem lifting device 10 without causing damage to the multi-sheet F. The onion W using the leaf stem Wb can be easily lifted from the flat sheet F, and the leaf stem Wb can be easily and reliably cut. The interruption of the work due to the trouble that the multi-sheet F is damaged and is caught in the leaf raising device 10 can be effectively avoided, so that the reliability of the work and the work efficiency can be improved. Yes.
[0061]
A multi-leaf cutting device 60 that cuts the leaf stem Wb of the onion W that has started to be nipped and conveyed by the nipping / lifting conveyance device 12 is disposed below the starting end portion of the nipping / lifting conveyance device 12. This multi-leaf cutting device 60 is rotated in the form of left and right discs by the power transmitted via the chain transmission mechanism 61 from the front pulley 39 around which the left and right guide belts 47 constituting the alignment device 14 are wound. The blades 62 are configured to be rotated inward with respect to each other.
[0062]
Below each rotary blade 62, a rubber scraping rotary body 63 that rotates integrally with the corresponding rotary blade 62 is provided. A plurality of (six in the figure) scraping protrusions 64 project from the outer peripheral surface of each scraping rotating body 63 at a large pitch, and the left and right stems Wb of the onion W introduced into the leaf cutting device 60 are left and right. And the rear blades 62 are fed into the cutting portions of the left and right rotary blades 62 by being latched and scraped backward. Here, the rotary blade 62 is driven to increase in speed by transmission through the chain transmission mechanism 61, and the scraping rotary body 63 is also driven to rotate at high speed. From this configuration, the peripheral speed of the scraping rotator 63, that is, the backward transport speed by the scraping rotator 63, is faster than the backward transport speed by the nipping / lifting transport device 12 and the alignment device 14. It is set.
[0063]
The multi-leaf cutting device 60 is configured to be easily attached to and detached from the machine body. The structure will be described. The left and right transmission cases 70 in the chain-type transmission mechanism 61 for driving the rotary blade are integrally connected by a frame plate 71, and the rear of a connecting arm 72 extending rearward from the left and right ends of the frame plate 71. The end bent portions 72a are locked from the front to the concave portions 73a of the connection fitting 73 provided on the left and right of the body frame 9, and the connection portions 74 raised from the left and right of the frame plate 71 are bolted to the body frame 9. It is like that. A transmission plate 76 is provided at the upper end of the input shaft 75 protruding upward from each transmission case 70, and a lower surface of the front pulley 39 in the alignment device 14 is engaged with a transmission hole 77 formed in the transmission plate 76. A pair of transmission pins 78 to be coupled project, and the multi-leaf cutting device 60 is connected to the machine body frame 9 via the connecting arm 72 and the connecting portion 74, whereby the front pulley 39 and the input shaft 75 are connected. The entire multileaf cutting device 60 can be easily removed by linking the pins and releasing the bolt connection of the connecting portion 74 and detaching the connecting arm 72 from the connecting fitting 73. In addition, by providing the handle 79 on the left and right of the frame plate 71, the multi-leaf cutting device 60 can be easily attached and detached.
[0064]
A guide mechanism 80 for preventing the onion body Wa pulled out from the planting hole h of the multi-sheet F from being cut by the rotary blade 62 is provided at the lower part of the multi-leaf cutting device 60. This guide mechanism 80 is configured by arranging three guide rods 81 whose free ends are bent upward in front of the cutting portions of the left and right rotary blades 62 in parallel on the left and right sides. When the onion body Wa of the onion W sandwiched between the leaf stems Wb is pulled out from the planting hole h of the multi-sheet F and approaches the cutting site of the multi-leaf cutting device 60, the onion body Wa is moved upward by the guide bar 81. It is guided and rides on the nipping / lifting / conveying device 12 and is then conveyed rearward and upward as it is. A guide bar 84 that guides the leaf stem Wb to the cutting site is arranged and fixed in a front-expanding manner on the left and right outer sides of the guide bar 81 group.
[0065]
Of the three guide rods 81, the left and right guide rods 81 extend in a cantilevered manner from a support plate 83 attached to the rear portion of the frame plate 71 so that the front and rear positions can be adjusted. The guide rods 81 are supported over the upper and lower guide rods 81 and extend upward from the left and right guide rods 81. As described above, even when the onion W holding the leaf stem Wb by the holding / lifting / conveying device 12 is pulled up together with the multi-sheet F, the guide mechanism 80 is arranged below the rotary blade 62. The guide bar 81 receives the upper surface of the multi-sheet F and prevents further upward movement, so that the onion main body Wa and the multi-sheet F can be prevented from coming into contact with the rotary blade 62. In addition, by adjusting the position of the support plate 83 back and forth, the entire guide bar 81 can be adjusted back and forth with respect to the cutting site, so that depending on the field conditions and the onion W growth state, etc. The optimum guide position can be set and used.
[0066]
As described above, by attaching the guide mechanism 80 to the multi-leaf cutting device 60 configured to be removable as described above, the multi-leaf cutting device 60 and the guide mechanism 80 can be integrally detached. It can be handled.
[0067]
  The landslide device 13 cuts the soil around the onion main body Wa left on the flat wall so that it can be easily pulled up and collected later. Refracted into an L shape in front viewSoilThe cut-off body 41 and an auxiliary tool 42 for turning up the sheet that rushes in the vicinity of the heel at a position slightly outside the position just before the cut-off piece 41. The cut-off piece 41 is a fulcrum at the front of the body frame 9. P1 is pivotally supported so as to be able to swing back and forth, and an upper extension end thereof and an eccentric crank portion 43 provided at the right end of the PTO shaft 26 are interlocked and connected by a rod 44, and the rod is inserted via the eccentric crank portion 43. 44 is pushed and pulled, and the soil breaking body 41 swings back and forth with a constant small stroke around the fulcrum P1, and the soil below the onion W is broken and swelled and softened, so that the onion W is pulled out without difficulty. Be able to.
[0068]
The auxiliary tool 42 for turning up the sheet is pivotally supported around the fulcrum P2 so as to be able to swing back and forth, and is linked to the ground breaking body 41 via the linkage rod 45, and is synchronized with the forward and backward swinging of the ground breaking body 41. Then, it is driven to swing back and forth, and by moving forward while cutting near the bottom of the heel, the rush resistance of the subsequent soil breaking body 41 into the soil is reduced, and it is hung on a flat wall. The right hem of the multi-seat F is pushed up slightly to move forward. In this way, by turning the right side hem of the multi-sheet F freely with the sheet-turning auxiliary tool 42 so that the sheet can be easily turned up, the multi-sheet F can be turned up by the subsequent soil cutting body 41. It will be performed smoothly without difficulty. Further, from the auxiliary tool 42 for turning up the sheet, the hem of the multi-sheet F scooped up by the auxiliary tool 42 is guided to the ground breaking body 41, and the multi-sheet F is hooked on the ground breaking body 41. A sheet guide 46 to be avoided is extended.
[0069]
After the aircraft passes while cutting leaves in this way, the short leaf stem Wb left uncut protrudes from the planting hole h of the multi-sheet F, and the multi-sheet F is obstructed by the leaf stem Wb. It can be turned up easily. Then, when the multi-sheet F is turned off, the onion bodies Wa that have been cut into short leaves are lined up on the flat surface, and these may be collected.
[0070]
The multi-spec onion harvesting machine is configured as described above. With respect to the four onions W cultivated in the flat ridges covered with the multi-sheet F, the two on the right side in the direction of travel is one step forward. The cutting of the leaf stem Wb in the onion W and the lifting of the onion body Wa are completed, and the reciprocating movement completes the cutting of the leaf stem Wb and the lifting of the onion body Wa in all four onions W After that, the multi-sheet F is removed by winding or turning up to expose the flat rice cake, and the onion W left in the state of being cut on the flat rice cake is removed. It is collected manually or with a collecting machine.
[0071]
By the way, at the lower end portion of the first leaflet lifting device 10A, a grounding wheel 55 that rolls on the multi-sheet F and detects a change in seat height with respect to the first leaflet lifting device 10A is provided on the swing arm 56. A support guide tool 57 that is mounted so as to be vertically displaceable with respect to the first leaflet lifting device 10A via the upper end and that has an upper end portion mounted on the upper portion of the first leaflet lifting device 10A upward from the swing arm 56. And whether or not the locking claw 23 of each leaf stem lifting device 10 is positioned at an appropriate height position with respect to the multi-sheet F due to the displacement of the mark 58 marked on the upper end of the support guide 57. A marking rod 59 for facilitating visual confirmation from the steering position is extended, and the harvesting mechanism for the free front wheel 3 is operated by rotating the hand handle 8 based on the displacement of the mark 58 relative to the support guide 57. B height By changing the location, so that it can be easily positioned in the proper vertical position the locking claw 23 of each leaf stalk pulling device 10 for multi-seat F.
[0072]
As shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, 12, and 27, the base end portion 23 </ b> A of each locking claw 23 has a sheath portion 23 c that externally holds and holds the base end portion 23 b of the front end portions 23 </ b> B to 23 </ b> D to be mounted. It is formed as follows. That is, since the base end portion 23b of the tip end portions 23B to 23D is externally held by the sheath portion 23c of the base end portion 23A made of a hard resin material, the leaf stem Wb can be scooped up regardless of the open ground specification and the multi specification. Unnecessary elastic deformation at the proximal end portion 23b of the distal end portions 23B to 23D at the time of pulling up can be suppressed, and accordingly, the distal end portions 23B to 23D are maintained in an appropriate posture that suitably acts on the leaf stem Wb. As a result, the stems Wb can be scooped up and pulled up by the respective locking claws 23 more reliably and satisfactorily.
[0073]
In each locking claw 23, the stoppers 23B to 23D are prevented from coming off from the base end portion 23A on the upper surface 23ca and the lower surface 23cb which are a pair of side surfaces 23ca and 23cb facing each other in the sheath portion 23c of the base end portion 23A. The through holes a and b are inserted into the through holes c formed in the base end portions 23b of the distal end portions 23B to 23D, and the diameter is reduced when the distal ends are inserted into the through holes a to c. Then, the insertion portion 90A having the expansion / contraction portion 90a to be engaged with the recess d of the lower surface 23cb, and the penetration of the upper surface 23ca of the sheath portion 23c when the diameter of the expansion / contraction portion 90a after insertion into the through holes a to c is increased. It is configured to be performed by a locking pin 90 that is engaged with the hole a and the recessed portion e and has a recessed portion e and a head portion 90B that contacts the proximal end portion 23b of the distal end portions 23B to 23D. ing. When the locking pin 90 grips the peripheral portion 90b of the head 90B exposed from the base end portion 23A of the locking claw 23 and rotates it relative to the base end portion 23A around its axis, The diameter of 90a is reduced, and the locking of the lower surface 23cb with the recess d is released to permit the extraction from the locking claw 23.
[0074]
From this configuration, when performing the repair according to the change in the specification of the locking claw 23 and the damage state of the tip portions 23B to 23D of the locking claw 23, the connection location is determined by the case 21 of the leaf stem pulling device 10. The connection between the concealed chain 22 and the base end portion 23A of the locking claw 23 is left as it is, and the base end portion of the distal end portions 23B to 23D exposed from the case 21 of the leaf stem lifting device 10 by inserting and removing the locking pin 90. Since it is only necessary to replace 23A, the labor and cost required for the replacement can be greatly reduced as compared with the case where the entire locking claw 23 is replaced.
[0075]
In addition, since the connecting portion of the distal end portions 23B to 23D with respect to the proximal end portion 23A by the locking pin 90 is a portion where the elastic deformation of the distal end portions 23B to 23D is prevented by the sheath portion 23c of the proximal end portion 23A. The reaction force when the distal end portions 23B to 23D are elastically deformed is not applied to the locking pin 90, whereby the locking pin 90 is elastically deformed to the distal end portions 23B to 23D of the locking claw 23. Therefore, it is not necessary to have strength enough to withstand the reaction force at the time, and accordingly, the durability can be improved while adopting a relatively inexpensive one as the locking pin 90. .
[0076]
[Another embodiment]
Hereinafter, other embodiments of the present invention will be listed.
[1] The root vegetable harvester may be a carrot harvester, a radish harvester or a garlic harvester.
[2] The locking claw 23 may be configured by detachably connecting soft resin base end portions 23B to 23D to a hard resin base end portion 23A, or the base end portion 23A. May be formed of a metal material such as aluminum.
[3] As the locking pin 90, a concave portion 90c for pressing and operating a finger is provided as shown in FIG. 30B formed on the upper surface, as shown in FIG. 30 (B), with the non-slip irregularities formed on the peripheral portion 90b of the head 90B, as shown in FIG. 30 (C) A protrusion 90d for picking operation may be formed on the upper surface of 90B, or a concave groove that allows operation with a coin or the like may be formed on the upper surface of the head 90B, although illustration is omitted. .
[4] In order to facilitate the release of the engagement between the expansion / contraction portion 90a of the locking pin 90 and the recess d of the sheath portion 23c of the locking claw 23 by the rotational operation around the axis of FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, a cam surface f is formed in the recess d of the sheath portion 23c to reduce the diameter of the expanded / contracted portion 90a as the locking pin 90 relative to the locking claw 23 rotates around its axis. Alternatively, a cam surface g for reducing the diameter of the expanded / contracted portion 90a in association with the relative rotation of the locking pin 90 with respect to the locking claw 23 around its axis may be formed in the expanded / contracted portion 90a. Also good.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[Fig. 1] Overall side view of a multi-species root crop harvester
[Figure 2] Overall plan view of a multi-species root vegetable harvester
[Fig.3] Overall front view of multi-species root crop harvester
Fig. 4 Side view of multi-spec harvesting mechanism
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a front portion of a multi-spec harvesting mechanism.
FIG. 6 is a front view showing a part of a multi-spec harvesting mechanism.
7A is a plan view showing a configuration of a locking claw in the first to third leaf stem pulling devices of multi specifications. FIG.
(B) Vertical side view showing the structure of the locking claw in the multi-spec first to third leaf stem lifting device
FIG. 8A is a plan view showing a configuration of a locking claw in a multi-spec fourth leaf stem lifting device.
(B) A vertical side view showing the structure of the locking claw in the multi-spec fourth leaf stem lifting device
FIG. 9 is a longitudinal front view showing the structure of the locking claw.
FIG. 10 is a bottom view of the locking claw base end.
FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of the front end of the locking claw
FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view showing a configuration of a locking claw in a multi-spec fourth leaf stem pulling device.
FIG. 13 is a side view of a multi-specific landslide device.
FIG. 14 is a side view of a main part showing a multi-sheet contact state of a locking claw.
[Fig. 15] Transmission system diagram with multi specifications
FIG. 16 is a plan view of a multi-leaf cutting device.
FIG. 17 is a front view of a multi-leaf cutting device.
18A is a side view showing a state in which a multi-leaf cutting device is attached. FIG.
(B) Side view showing the removed state of the multi-leaf cutting device
FIG. 19 is a side view showing a transmission structure of a multi-leaf cutting device.
FIG. 20 is a side view showing the function of the guide mechanism.
[Fig.21] Overall side view of an open-season root crop harvester
[Figure 22] Overall plan view of a root crop harvester with open-air specifications
[Fig. 23] Overall front view of a root crop harvester with outdoor specifications
FIG. 24 is a side view of a harvesting mechanism with open-air specifications.
FIG. 25 is a plan view showing the front part of a harvesting mechanism of an open field specification
FIG. 26 is a front view showing a part of a harvesting mechanism of an outdoor specification.
FIG. 27 is a vertical side view showing the structure of a locking claw with an outdoor specification.
[Figure 28] Side view of a land-crushing device with open-air specifications
[Fig. 29] Transmission system diagram with open-air specifications
FIG. 30 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the locking pin.
FIG. 31 is a bottom view of an essential part showing another embodiment in which a cam surface is formed on a sheath portion or a contracted / expanded portion.
[Explanation of symbols]
  10 Leaf and stem lifting device
  10A Leaf stem lifting device
  10B Leaf stem lifting device
  10C Leaf stem lifting device
  10D leaf stem lifting device
  22 Endless rotation belt
  23 Claw
  23A Base end
  23B Tip
  23C Tip
  23D Tip
  23a Tip part
  23b Base end part
  23c sheath part
  23ca side
  23cb side
  28      Horizontal transmission shaft
  90 Locking pin
  90a Scaled part
  90A insertion part
  90B head
  F Multi sheet
  W root vegetables
  Wb leaf stem
  a Through hole
  b Through hole
  c Through hole
  f Cam surface
  g Cam surface
  h Planting hole
  k        Leaf stem lifting trajectory

Claims (5)

A root crop harvesting machine that harvests root crops made on the cocoon,
Positioned on both sides of the root vegetables to be harvested, the root stems of the root vegetables protruding from the planting holes of the multi-sheets hung on the vines are vertically locked by the laterally extending transmission shaft along the horizontal direction of the aircraft. Equipped with a plurality of leaf stem lifting devices that are pulled up by turning, and among the plurality of leaf stem lifting devices, a locking claw equipped on a leaf stem lifting device that acts on a leaf stem that has fallen into the slope of the ridge , in an attitude that base end along the leaf and stem pulling locus of the locking pawl, and as they are needed inward orientation the tip side toward the inside of said ridge, acting on the leaf stems fell dramatically to the upper surface of the ridge A leaf stem lifting structure for a root crop harvesting machine that is formed to be longer than the locking claw provided in the leaf stem lifting device.   2. A leaf stem pulling structure for a root crop harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein an elastically deformable resin material is adopted for the tip of the locking claw and the tip is formed in a spatula shape.   The locking claw is configured to be divided into a base end portion connected to an endless rotation band and the tip end portion, and the base end portion is fitted with a hard material and the base end portion of the tip end portion is externally fitted. The leaf stem pulling-up structure of the root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 2, wherein the root vegetable harvesting machine is formed so as to have a sheath portion to be held.   After being inserted into the through-holes formed in a pair of opposing side surfaces of the sheath part and the through-holes formed in the base end part, the diameter is reduced at the time of insertion into the through-holes at the distal end and after insertion An insertion portion having a contraction / expansion portion that expands the diameter and engages with the side surface, and a head that comes into contact with the side surface when the diameter of the expansion / contraction portion after insertion into each through hole is increased. The leaf stem pulling-up structure of the root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 3, wherein the locking pin is formed so as to prevent the tip portion from coming off from the base end portion.   The cam surface which reduces the diameter of the said expansion / contraction part in the said sheath part or the said expansion / contraction part with the relative rotation around the axial center of the said locking pin with respect to the said base end part is formed. Root crop harvesting machine leaf stem pulling structure.

Images