JP3660725B2 - 保護部材付き外科用メス - Google Patents
保護部材付き外科用メス Download PDFInfo
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- JP3660725B2 JP3660725B2 JP27803395A JP27803395A JP3660725B2 JP 3660725 B2 JP3660725 B2 JP 3660725B2 JP 27803395 A JP27803395 A JP 27803395A JP 27803395 A JP27803395 A JP 27803395A JP 3660725 B2 JP3660725 B2 JP 3660725B2
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
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- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000984 420 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000811 surgical stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010966 surgical stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000030507 AIDS Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/3209—Incision instruments
- A61B17/3211—Surgical scalpels, knives; Accessories therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/3209—Incision instruments
- A61B17/3211—Surgical scalpels, knives; Accessories therefor
- A61B17/3213—Surgical scalpels, knives; Accessories therefor with detachable blades
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/3209—Incision instruments
- A61B17/3211—Surgical scalpels, knives; Accessories therefor
- A61B2017/32113—Surgical scalpels, knives; Accessories therefor with extendable or retractable guard or blade
Description
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、外科用メスに関し、特に、取り扱い中とりわけ手術室での外科手術中に、不注意な切り傷あるいは切断を防止するための伸縮可能な刃部保護部材を有する外科用メスに関する。
【0002】
なお、本明細書の記述は本件出願の優先権の基礎たる米国特許出願第08/328,996号(1994年10月25日出願)の明細書の記載に基づくものであって、当該米国特許出願の番号を参照することによって当該米国特許出願の明細書の記載内容が本明細書の一部分を構成するものとする。
【0003】
【従来の技術】
メスは通常、手術中に患者を切開するために、外科医および他の医療専門家によって使用される。典型的には、外科医が患者から目を離すことなくメスの握りを握ることができるような所定の手法で、看護婦から外科医に手渡される。メスをつかむときに細心の注意をはらわないで看護婦が不用意にテーブル上にあるメスに触ってしまった場合、またはメスが外科医に手渡されるときに所定の手法が注意深く行われなかった場合、看護婦または外科医の手がメスの刃で切られまたは傷ついてしまうことがある。同様に刃により切られあるいは傷つけられる危険は、メスが外科医から看護婦に戻される場合にも遭遇する場合がある。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
切り傷は心地よくなく、気をそらすものである。加えて、手術室の患者と外科医あるいは他の医療専門家との間で、血液あるいは体液の接触が生じることがある。これは、患者と医療専門家との間に感染症が蔓延する結果になる場合がある。後天的免疫不全症候群、すなわちエイズ(AIDS)、および肝炎などの病気では、そのような状況についての心配は特に重大となる。
【0005】
外科用手袋は手術中に切れる機会を減少する手助けをするが、間違いがないわけではない。さらに手袋を二重に使用したときでさえ、メスは二重の手袋を通してもまだ切れるので、医療提供者に完全な保護を与えることはできない。また、手袋を二重にすると、外科医の指の器用さが減少し、従って外科医の気をそらすことになり、思った通りの手術行為を妨害することになる。
【0006】
取り扱い中の不慮の切り傷の機会をなくす、または少なくとも最小限にすることができる外科用メスが要望されている見地から、最近、保護部材付き外科用メスが数多く設計されている。しかし残念にも、これらの設計は不完全である。なぜならば、それらは扱いにくく、使いづらく、外科用メスの刃の必要な遮蔽または露出の前に、不必要に遮蔽または露出する場合があり、使用者に対して刃の保護または露出に対してかなりの注意を要求する場合がある。
【0007】
従って、本発明の目的は、取り扱い中に切り傷の機会をなくしまたは少なくとも最小限とする保護部材付き外科用メスを提供することにある。
【0008】
本発明の他の目的は、容易に使用でき、使用者が片手で取り扱うことができる保護部材付き手術用メスを提供することにある。
【0009】
また、本発明の目的は、必要となる前には刃が保護または露出することのない保護部材付き外科用メスを提供することにある。
【0010】
さらに、本発明の他の目的は、使用者が保護部材の動きを観察する必要がなく、またはその動きに過度の注意を払う必要がなく使用することができる保護部材付き外科用メスを提供することにある。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的を達成する本発明の第1の態様は、保護部材付き外科用メスであって、ほぼ平行な両側壁を有してその中に空洞部が画成され、前記両側壁の少なくとも一方にはその長手方向にほぼ平行な溝穴が形成され、かつ当該溝穴の両端部には上曲がり部が設けられている握り部材と、前記空洞部内に設けられて前記握り部材に対して長手方向に移動可能であり、前記長手方向の移動と同じ平面内でかつ当該移動と直交する方向に移動可能な頂部壁を有する保護部材と、前記保護部材の前記頂部壁の基端部に隣接して設けられ、当該保護部材を横切って前記溝穴内に延びるピンと、を具備することを特徴とする保護部材付き外科用メスにある。
【0012】
本発明の第2の態様は、第1の態様の保護部材付き外科用メスにおいて、前記保護部材および前記頂部壁の移動を容易にするために前記頂部壁に取り付けられたボタンをさらに具備することを特徴とする保護部材付き外科用メスにある。
【0013】
本発明の第3の態様は、第1の態様の保護部材付き外科用メスにおいて、前記握り部材の末端部に搭載された刃部キャリアをさらに具備し、前記保護部材は、前記保護部材の側壁の一方と前記刃部キャリアとの間にそれぞれ延びる二つの側壁を有することを特徴とする保護部材付き外科用メスにある。
【0014】
本発明の第3の態様は、第3の態様の保護部材付き外科用メスにおいて、前記刃部キャリアに結合された刃部をさらに具備することを特徴とする保護部材付き外科用メスにある。
【0015】
本発明の第5の態様は、第4の態様の保護部材付き外科用メスにおいて、前記保護部材および前記頂部壁の移動を容易にするために前記頂部壁に取り付けられたボタンをさらに具備することを特徴とする保護部材付き外科用メスにある。
【0016】
本発明は、握り部材と、この握り部材に連結している刃部と、前記握り部材内に収納可能に設けられた保護部材とを具備し、当該保護部材は、前記刃部が使用のために露出している引っ込み位置と、前記刃部の鋭利な切断端を遮蔽する突出位置との間をスライドするように伸張自在に設けられている保護部材付き外科用メスを提供する。前記保護部材と前記握り部材との間には当該保護部材の当該握り部材内への引っ込み移動を制限する止め機構が設けられている。この止め機構は、好ましくは、前記握り部材を貫通するように設けられた少なくとも一つのピンであって、前記保護部材の側面に設けられた少なくとも一つの閉じた縦溝穴内に収納されるピンを有する。前記握り部材の前記保護部材の突出位置と引っ込み位置とを規定するために、前記保護部材と前記握り部材との間に独自の移動止め機構が設けられている。この移動止め機構は、前記握り部材の少なくとも一側面に形成された上曲がり端部を有する溝穴と、前記保護部材に形成されピンが結合されている可動式の頂部壁とを具備する。このピンは、前記握り部材の前記溝穴に係合し係止している。前記保護部材の前記頂部壁、従って、および前記ピンは、上向きに力がかかった状態となっており、使用者による保護部材への長手方向の力のみの付与により、当該保護部材の長手方向への移動を防止するために、前記溝穴の前記上曲がり端部内に前記ピンが保持されるようになっている。しかしながら、使用者は、単に前記保護部材の前記頂部壁を押して前記ピンを前記溝穴の前記上曲がり端部との係合を外すだけで、前記保護部材を移動することができる。
【0017】
上述したおよび他の目的および効果は以下の図面および詳細な説明を考慮すれば明らかになるであろう。本発明の好適な実施例は、添付の図面に示されるが、同様な部材は同様な符号で引用される。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に係る保護部材付き外科用メス10は、握り部材20を有し、握り部材20は、当該握り部材20内に長手方向にスライド移動できるように伸張自在に収納される保護部材30を有する。刃部キャリア40は、刃部50が握り部材20の末端部に動かないように固定されるよう握り部材20の末端部に設けられている。刃部キャリア40は、握り部材20の幅方向に横断する二本の横断ピン41,42により握り部材20に取り付けられている。ピン41,42は、オービタルリベット締め(orbital riveting)、化学接着剤、超音波圧着法または溶接などの従来法の何れによっても、刃部キャリア40および握り部材20に結合することができる。好ましくは、オービタルリベット締めが用いられる。
【0019】
握り部材20は、二つの平行な側壁21,22、底壁23および閉じられた基端部24を有する。握り部材20は、その中に空洞部25が画成されている。握り部材20の基端部24は、徐々に薄肉となって手術中に用いることができる先の鈍い解剖器具をもたらす薄肉部となる。握り部材20の側壁21には、好ましくは、反対側の側壁22に形成された溝穴(図示せず)と対向配置された溝穴26が形成されている。各溝穴は、概して、握り部材20の長手軸に平行である。さらに、各溝穴の両端部には、溝穴の主要部から上向きに延びた上曲がり部26′がある。溝穴26の形状は、側壁22に形成された溝穴の形状の鏡像であることに注意されたい。好ましくは、握り部材20は、303ステンレスなどの外科用ステンレス鋼で形成されている。しかしながら、410ステンレス鋼または420ステンレス鋼などの焼き入れされたステンレス鋼も用いることができる。快適で機能的な製品とするために、握り部材20は、好ましくは、約4.080インチ(10.36cm)の全長、約0.325インチ(0.83cm)の全幅、および約0.510インチ(1.30cm)の全高を有するのがよい。各溝穴は、それぞれ約1.750インチ(4.45cm)の全長を有するのが好ましい。
【0020】
保護部材30は、好適には2つの平行な側壁31,32を有しており、これらは基端頂壁33および末端頂壁34により結合されている。側壁31,32は、標準的な外科用メスの形状に類似する形状を有するのが好ましい。この形状を側壁31,32に用いると、保護部材付き外科用メス10の使用者が、この保護部材付き外科用メスをどのように保持し使用するかを直感的に理解するための一助となる。好ましくは、保護部材30は、303ステンレスなどの外科用ステンレス鋼で形成されるが、410ステンレス鋼または420ステンレス鋼などの焼き入れされたステンレス鋼も用いることができる。側壁31には、末端頂壁34に隣接してかつ側壁31の最末端部を除いたほぼ全長に沿った上部溝穴39が形成されている。側壁32にもまた、上部溝穴39と対向配置された上部溝穴(図示せず)が形成されている。上部溝穴39の形状は、側壁32に形成された上部溝穴の形状の鏡像であることに注意されたい。これにより、末端頂壁34は、片持ちばり形式で下方に撓むようになっている。押し下げ可能な末端頂壁34には、末端頂壁34を下方に撓ませるのを容易にするために、移動止めボタン35が搭載されている。移動止めピン36は、末端頂壁34の基端に隣接して配置されており、ピン36は、例えば、プレスばめ、溶接または化学接着剤によりそれに結合されている。
【0021】
保護部材30は、好ましくは、握り部材20の空洞部25内に伸張自在に収納されており、しっかりと固定されるがその中で移動可能な寸法とすべきである。保護部材30のそのような移動を許容するように、刃部キャリア40は、握り部20の開放先端の幅方向中央に設けられており、その刃部キャリア40の両側それぞれに保護部材30の側壁31,32に対する隙間があるようになっている。この配置のために、側壁31には下部溝穴38が形成されていなければならない。側壁32もまた溝穴38に整合された下部溝穴(不図示)を有している。この下部溝穴38の形状は、側壁32に形成されている下部溝穴の鏡像となることに注意されたい。ピン41,42は、側壁31,32に形成されている下部溝穴の端部と係合し、握り部材20に対する保護部材30のスライド移動量を制限している。空洞部25内に保護部材30を配置することにより、移動止めピン36は、側壁21,22に形成されている溝穴26内に延びて係合し、保護部材30が完全に突出した位置あるいは完全に引っ込んだ位置にあるときには溝穴26の両端部に設けられた上曲がり部26′に入り込むように偏倚される。握り部材20の側壁21,22に形成されているこれらの溝穴26の長さは、保護部材30の移動量と同じである。
【0022】
移動止めピン36を握り部材20の側壁21,22に形成された溝穴26の両端の上曲がり部26′に位置するときには、保護部材30は、突出した位置または引っ込んだ位置に一時的に固定されている。保護部材30がこれらの位置の何れかにあるときに、使用者が不注意にも保護部材30に長手方向の力を付与しても、保護部材は移動しない。保護部材30を移動させる場合には、末端頂壁34すなわち移動止めボタン35に下向きの力をかけてピン36を握り部材20の側壁21,22に形成されている溝穴26の両端の上曲がり部26′との係合から外れるように移動させる必要がある。これにより、使用者が刃部50を遮蔽するまたは露出する必要がある前に、意志に反してそうする機会は最小限となる。加えて、末端頂壁34、従っておよびピン36に上向きに力がかかっているので、握り部材20の側壁21,22に形成された溝穴26の両端部の上曲がり部26′の一方にピン26が係合した場合、可聴の「カチッという音(クリック)」により完全に突出したまたは引っ込んだ位置に移動したことを自動的に知ることができるであろう。
【0023】
使用者が、心地よい力で末端頂壁を下方に撓ませることができるように、保護部材30の側壁31,32に形成されている上部溝穴39の末端部は、保護部材30が303ステンレス鋼で形成されている場合には、保護部材30の末端から約0.705インチ(1.79cm)の位置から始まるようにすべきである。加えて、これらの上部溝穴39は、約0.065インチ(0.17cm)の高さを有している必要がある。これらの寸法は、移動止めピン36の十分な下方への移動を許容し、移動止めピン36が握り部材20の側壁21,22に形成された溝穴26の上曲がり部26′からの係合を解除して移動する。
【0024】
刃部キャリア40は、握り部材20の前方へ延びており、横方向に突出して外部溝48が設けられた長尺リブ49を有する。刃部キャリア40は、303ステンレスなどの外科用ステンレス鋼で形成される。しかしながら、410ステンレス鋼または420ステンレス鋼などの焼き入れされたステンレス鋼も用いることができる。刃部50は長溝穴51を有する。長溝穴51は、溝48およびリブ49と協働して刃部50を刃部キャリア40に搭載し、これにより刃部50は握り部材20に搭載される。図6および図7に示すように、刃部キャリア40は、それに形成されたノッチ45を有し、これが、刃部中子57に形成された他のノッチ59と一致するようになっていてもよい。さらに、保護部材30の側壁31,32のそれぞれは、ノッチ45と一致するノッチ37を有することもできる。この形状は、必要であれば、適正な刃部だけが保護部材付き外科用メス10に用いられることを保証するために採用してもよい。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
このように、本発明の保護部材付き外科用メスは、取扱中に切り傷の機会をなくす、または少なくとも最小限にすることができ、しかも、容易に使用でき、また、片手で操作でき、さらに刃部を遮断または露出する必要がある前にそうならないようになっており、使用者が保護部材の動きを観察することなくまたはその操作に過度の注意を払うことなく使用することができるものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の保護部材付き外科用メスの斜視図であり、保護部材は刃部を露出した引っ込み位置にある。
【図2】本発明の保護部材付き外科用メスの斜視図であり、保護部材は部分的に伸張した位置にあり、完全に突出した位置の保護部材を破線で示してある。
【図3】本発明の保護部材付き外科用メスに係り、図1の3−3線に沿った断面図である。
【図4】本発明の保護部材付き外科用メスに係り、図1の4−4線に沿った断面図である。
【図5】本発明の保護部材付き外科用メスの分解斜視図である。
【図6】本発明の保護部材付き外科用メスを部分的に示す、一部を断面にした分解側面図である。
【図7】保護部材が引っ込み位置にあって刃部を露出した状態の本発明の保護部材付き外科用メスを部分的に示す、一部を断面にした側面図である。
【符号の説明】
10 保護部材付き外科用メス
20 握り部材
30 保護部材
40 刃部キャリア
50 刃部
Claims (2)
- 保護部材付き外科用メス装置であって、
末端部、基端部および長手方向軸線およびほぼ平行な両側壁を有してその中に空洞部が画成され、前記両側壁の少なくとも一方にはその長手方向軸線にほぼ平行な溝穴が形成され、かつ当該溝穴の両端部には上曲がり部が設けられている握り部材と、
前記空洞部内に設けられて前記握り部材に対して長手方向に移動可能な保護部材であって、前記握り部材の平行な両側壁に対しほぼ平行な2つの側壁と、末端部および基端部を備え保護部材の平行な2つの側壁にほぼ直交し、前記握り部材の長手方向軸線に直交する方向に移動可能な頂部壁を有する保護部材と、
前記保護部材の前記頂部壁の基端部に隣接して設けられ、当該頂部壁に平行で当該保護部材の平行な2つの側壁に直交して前記溝穴内に延びるピンであって、当該保護部材の握り部材の長手方向軸線に直交する方向への移動により前記溝穴の上曲がり部との係合外に移動されるピンと、
前記握り部材の末端部に搭載された刃部キャリアであって、前記保護部材が前記握り部材の側壁の一方と当該刃部キャリアとの間にそれぞれ延びる二つの側壁であって各々が末端部にノッチを有する側壁を有し、当該刃部キャリアが保護部材の該ノッチと一致するノッチを含む刃部キャリアと、
前記刃部キャリアに結合される刃部であって、前記保護部材のノッチおよび刃部キャリアのノッチと一致するノッチが形成された刃部と、
を具備することを特徴とする保護部材付き外科用メス装置。 - 請求項1記載保護部材付き外科用メス装置において、前記保護部材および前記頂部壁の移動を容易にするために前記頂部壁に取り付けられたボタンをさらに具備することを特徴とする保護部材付き外科用メス装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/328,996 US5620454A (en) | 1994-10-25 | 1994-10-25 | Guarded surgical scalpel |
US328996 | 1994-10-25 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH08206125A JPH08206125A (ja) | 1996-08-13 |
JP3660725B2 true JP3660725B2 (ja) | 2005-06-15 |
Family
ID=23283398
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP27803395A Expired - Lifetime JP3660725B2 (ja) | 1994-10-25 | 1995-10-25 | 保護部材付き外科用メス |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (3) | US5620454A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0709064A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3660725B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU705219B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR9504535A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2161058C (ja) |
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1994
- 1994-10-25 US US08/328,996 patent/US5620454A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-01-27 US US08/379,245 patent/US5752968A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-10-20 CA CA002161058A patent/CA2161058C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-10-23 AU AU34387/95A patent/AU705219B2/en not_active Expired
- 1995-10-23 EP EP95307507A patent/EP0709064A1/en active Pending
- 1995-10-24 BR BR9504535A patent/BR9504535A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-10-25 JP JP27803395A patent/JP3660725B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-05-08 US US08/646,574 patent/US5792162A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU3438795A (en) | 1996-05-09 |
JPH08206125A (ja) | 1996-08-13 |
US5752968A (en) | 1998-05-19 |
US5620454A (en) | 1997-04-15 |
CA2161058C (en) | 1999-07-06 |
US5792162A (en) | 1998-08-11 |
BR9504535A (pt) | 1997-05-27 |
EP0709064A1 (en) | 1996-05-01 |
CA2161058A1 (en) | 1996-04-26 |
AU705219B2 (en) | 1999-05-20 |
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