JP3520079B1 - Road overpass structure - Google Patents

Abstract

Abstract: [PROBLEMS] A three-dimensional object that can completely eliminate traffic lights to eliminate traffic congestion, traffic accidents, and pollution at intersections, and can easily and clearly recognize and image right-turning methods. Provides a crossover structure. SOLUTION: An overpass (16) and a left turn lane (22, 2
8, 34, 40) and a three-dimensional crossover structure (10),
Each road (12, 14) is provided with right turn tunnels (42, 54, 56, 58) that diverge from the left lane and pass under the flyover (16) and curve to the right. A pair of right-turning tunnels (42, 54) facing each other are located on the first basement level.
Another pair of right turn tunnels (56, 58) are dug down to the second basement level. Each right turn tunnel (42, 54,
56 and 58) extend the inside of the pier of the overpass (16) in plan view so as not to interfere with the pile foundation of the pier of the overpass (16).

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grade-separated structure of two roads that intersect in a cross shape or an X shape.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A typical conventional overpass is a two-way intersection.
An overpass that crosses two roads and an up lane and a down lane that are adjacent to two roads bypassing this overpass (the ups and downs are centered on the overpass. The same applies below). It has a left turn lane that communicates with each other. The left turn lane is located at the ground level, just like the main lane.

There is no right turn dedicated lane in this type of grade crossing, and the right turn lane intersects with the straight lane extending in the transverse direction on the same plane. Therefore, when traffic control is not carried out by signals. , There is a risk of a right-turn vehicle colliding with a straight-ahead vehicle, which may cause a traffic accident. However, when a signal is provided to control traffic, right-turn vehicles and straight-ahead vehicles must each stop at an intersection until the signal changes. Such signal waiting causes not only traffic congestion but also pollution caused by exhaust gas and noise.

Therefore, in the prior art, a grade separation structure has been proposed in which a right-turn vehicle can be smoothly turned right without stopping at a traffic light (Japanese Patent Publication No. 40-23426).
No. 4, JP-B-48-5290, JP-A-54-144733, JP-A-62-1
70601, JP-A-525802, JP-A-5-132904, JP-A-20
00-8305). The grade separation structures disclosed in these prior arts are provided with a straight lane and a U-turn lane that causes a grade-crossing at an elevated level or an underground level, a 90 ° left turn at the ground level, and a 180 ° U-turn using the grade crossing. A right turn is made according to the combination of (90 ° right turn = 180 ° U-turn + 90 ° left turn). Depending on the road design and the relative positional relationship between the vehicle and the U-turn lane and the left-turn lane, the left turn may be performed first and the U-turn may be performed later. Conversely, the U-turn may be performed first. The left turn may be made later.

The problem with these three-dimensional intersection structures is that
It is designed so that the right turn can be made only by the combination of the two turning motions of the left turn and the 180 degree U-turn, so that the driver must perform these series of motions in the correct order in a proper and smooth manner. That is. To this end, firstly, all drivers must clearly recognize and clearly imagine that a right turn will be made by a combination of a 90 ° left turn and a 180 ° U-turn. I have to. Secondly, as described above, depending on the road design and the relative positional relationship between the vehicles, the left turn may be performed first, and conversely, the U-turn may be performed first. The person needs to clearly recognize and imagine the context of these two actions. It is not always easy for all drivers to understand such a combination of the two actions of left turn and U-turn and the order relationship before and after them. In addition, the steering operation of the two operations is complicated, which imposes an extra psychological burden on the driver. If an unfamiliar driver is confused or hesitated on the road, a rear-end collision may occur.

JP-A-53-23123 proposes to arrange a U-turn lane on the same ground level as a straight lane and make a right turn by combining a left turn and a U-turn. In this method as well, it may be similarly difficult for the driver to clearly recognize that the driver must make a right turn by combining a left turn and a U-turn, and the steering operation is complicated, which may result in a rear-end collision accident. is there.

Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 40-3223 proposes that a pair of opposing right-turn exclusive roads have a three-story height, and the other right-turn exclusive roads have a two-story height. This intersection structure has the advantage that it is relatively easy to understand and imagine how to make a right turn. However, in this intersection structure, the right-turn-only road is a two-story and three-story elevated structure, so that a right-turn-only road is provided for the existing existing overpass with the overpass bridge and the left turn lane. In order to add more later, traffic restrictions such as traffic stops will be essential. In addition, since a road width of three lanes on each side is required near the intersection, there is also a problem that the site for the improvement work must be secured.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a grade-separated structure capable of smoothly and safely advancing all vehicles that go straight, turn right, or turn left without stopping at a signal. . Another object of the present invention is to provide a grade-separated structure that does not require a signal at all, has no risk of a right-turn vehicle colliding with a straight-ahead vehicle, and does not cause traffic congestion or pollution.

Another object of the present invention is that a driver can easily understand and imagine how or how to turn right,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a grade-separated structure in which the steering wheel operation for a right turn is easy, does not impose a psychological burden on the driver when making a right turn, and does not cause a rear-end collision accident when making a right turn.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a grade crossing structure capable of easily and cost-effectively adding a right turn lane to an existing grade crossing provided with a grade crossing bridge and a left turn lane. It is in. Another object of the present invention is to add a right-turn lane to an existing overpass with a crossover bridge and a left-turn lane, while increasing traffic control to a minimum or with a minimum construction period. It is to provide a three-dimensional crossing structure that can be implemented. Another object of the present invention is a grade-separation structure capable of performing an extension work with securing a minimum amount of land when adding a right-turn lane to an existing grade-separation having a grade crossing bridge and a left turn lane. To provide.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a grade-separation bridge that crosses two intersecting roads in a grade-separated manner, and an up-lane and a down-lane that are adjacent to each other on the two roads are bypassed by bypassing the grade-separated bridge. In a grade-separated structure with left turn lanes arranged at ground level for communication:
At the front of the overpass (the front and the front are referred to as the overpass. The same applies below), branch off from the up lane of each road, dive underground in the form of a tunnel, and turn right again. Return to the ground level, and at the end of the overpass, establish a right turn lane that merges with the down lane of another road, and the center of the pair of right turn lanes facing each other is the center of the other pair of right turn lanes facing each other. It is characterized by being placed on an underground level different from that of the section.

As will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings, since the grade separation structure of the present invention has a right turn lane that intersects with a transverse road, the intersection can be completely de-signaled. It is possible to avoid traffic accidents, traffic congestion and pollution. Each right turn lane is just 90 to the right
° Because it consists of a curved tunnel, the driver can easily understand and imagine the principle, method, course and steering operation of a right turn, and the driver is not confused when making a right turn. Therefore, the grade separation structure of the present invention does not pose a risk of a rear-end collision.

According to the present invention, the right turn lane is added to the existing grade crossing provided with the grade crossing bridge and the left turn lane, thereby making it possible to completely solidify the intersection and eliminate the signal. The right turn lane of the present invention can be realized by excavating a right turn tunnel underground in an existing grade intersection. Therefore, it is possible to make the intersection completely three-dimensional and to be signalless with a minimum construction period and a minimum cost, while minimizing traffic restrictions on the traffic at the existing grade intersection.

In a preferred embodiment, each of the right turn lanes is arranged inside the pier of the grade separation bridge when viewed from the center of the curve of the right turn lane in plan view. In this way, it is possible to avoid the interference between the pile foundations of the piers of the grade separation bridge and the tunnel for right turn, so that the existing grade crossing with the grade change bridge and the lane for left turn can be completely signalless. In order to do so, it will be possible to additionally excavate a right-turning tunnel later. Further, even when the grade separation structure of the present invention is newly constructed as a whole, the pile foundation of the pier of the grade separation bridge can be implemented without any trouble.

In a preferred embodiment, the right turn lane of each road branches off from the up lane before the left turn lane junction and before the left turn lane, and before the left turn lane confluence point. It joins the down lane of another road. According to this configuration, the right turn lane branch part and the left turn lane branch part (and the right turn lane merging part and the left turn lane merging part) are juxtaposed side by side in the front and rear on the same lane. Therefore, two lanes on each side will be enough near the intersection, and the acquisition and expansion of the site will be minimal.

In another preferred embodiment, each road has a road width of substantially one lane on each side except at intersections, and a road width of two lanes on each side only near the intersection. This will minimize the land acquisition / expansion. But,
For larger roads such as expressways, the main lane of each road can be at least two lanes on each side and three lanes on each side only near the intersection.

Preferably, in order to make driving easier, the slopes of the entrances and exits of the right turn tunnels on each road have the same slope. The above-mentioned features and effects of the present invention, as well as other features and effects, will be further clarified by the description of the following embodiments.

[0018]

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show non-limiting examples. In order to simplify the drawing, in the accompanying drawings the guardrail, median strip,
Road lighting devices and other auxiliary equipment are omitted in principle,
It can be provided as needed. Further, for convenience of explanation, FIG. 1 shows directions of north, south, east, west, but of course, the directions are merely examples.

The accompanying drawings show a grade separation structure for a road with one lane on each side. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the grade separation structure 10 includes a grade separation bridge 16 that crosses a road 12 in the north-south direction and a road 14 in the east-west direction. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the east-west direction road 1
4 is designed to cross the north-south direction road 12.

The ascending lane 18 of the north-south direction road 12 and the descending lane 20 of the east-west direction road 14 which are adjacent to each other before and after the overpass bridge 16 are driven by a left turn lane 22 which runs at the ground level while bypassing the overpass bridge 16. Communicated with each other. Similarly, the ascending lane 24 of the east-west direction road 14 and the descending lane 26 of the north-south direction road 12 are interconnected by the ground-level left turn lane 28, and the other ascending lane 30 of the north-south direction road 12 and the east-west direction road 14 are interconnected. The other down lane 32 is interconnected by a left turn lane 34, and the other up lane 36 of the east-west direction road 14 and the other down lane 38 of the north-south direction road 12 are interconnected by a left turn lane 40. The above structure is substantially the same as the conventional crossover.

According to the present invention, the ascending lanes of the respective roads and the descending lanes of the transverse roads are connected to each other by the right-turning lane that passes under the grade separation bridge 16. More specifically, the ascending lane 18 of the north-south direction road 12 and the descending lane 32 of the east-west direction road 14 are interconnected by a right-turn lane 42 in the form of a partial tunnel. The right turn lane 42 is a branch lane 44 branched from the up lane 18 of the north-south direction road 12, a descending slope 46 that dives underground under the branch lane 44, and 90 to the right following the descending slope 46.
A curved tunnel 48, an ascending slope 50 appearing on the ground following the tunnel 48, and a merging lane 52 for merging with the descending lane 32 of the east-west direction road 14 are provided. Preferably, the tunnel 48 is arranged substantially horizontally to facilitate turning of the vehicle.

Similarly, the up lane 30 of the north-south direction road 12
The right turn tunnel (more precisely, the right turn lane consisting of a part of the tunnel) 5 between the east and west direction road 14 and the down lane 20
4, the up lane 24 of the east-west direction road 14 and the down lane 38 of the north-south direction road 12 are interconnected by the right turn tunnel 56, and the up lane 36 of the east-west direction road 14 and the down lane of the north-south direction road 12 are interconnected. 26 is interconnected by a right turn tunnel 58.

The right-turning tunnels 42 and 54 face each other around the intersection, and the right-turning tunnels 56 and 58 face each other across the intersection. The pair of right-turning tunnels 42 and 54 facing each other and the pair of right-turning tunnels 56 and 58 facing each other three-dimensionally intersect each other. For this reason, the central portions of these two pairs of right-turning tunnels are arranged at different underground levels. That is, as can be seen from FIG. 3, for example, the central portions of the right-turning tunnels 42 and 54 are extended to the level of the first basement level, and the central portions of the right-turning tunnels 56 and 58 are the underground 2
It has been dug down to the floor level.

As shown in FIG. 3, the grade separation bridge 16 is
Piers 60 and 62 that face each other across the north-south direction road 12
And a bridge 64 supported by the piers 60 and 62 so as to straddle the north-south direction road 12. Pier 60,
The bottom slab of 62 can be supported against the support layer by a pile foundation 66. As can be seen from the plan view of FIG. 2, the right turn tunnels 42, 54, 56, 5
8 is arranged inside the piers 60 and 62 of the grade separation bridge 16 when viewed from the center of the curve of the right turn tunnel in plan view. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the central portions of the right-turning tunnels 42, 54, 56, 58 do not interfere with the pile foundation 66 of the piers 60, 62.

Right turn lanes 42, 54, 56, 58
The inlet slopes (one of which is shown in FIG. 1 as reference numeral 46) and the outlet slopes (reference numeral 50) can be provided with the same slope. Therefore, as compared to the right turn lanes 42 and 54 passing through the first basement level, the right turn lanes 56 and 58 dug down to the second basement level have a longer entrance / exit slope, and the entire length of the right turn lane is the second basement level. The lanes 56 and 58 are longer than the lanes 42 and 54 on the first basement level.

Right turn lanes 42, 54, 56, 58
Is branched from the up lane before the grade crossing bridge 16 than the branch of the left turn lane, and merges with the down lane of the transverse road at the tip of the grade cross bridge 16 before the merge part of the left turn lane.
That is, for example, the branch lane 44 of the right turn lane 42 is branched from the up lane 18 before the grade separation bridge 16 than the branch portion 68 of the left turn lane 22. Also, this right turn lane 4
The merging lane 52 of No. 2 is ahead of the grade separation bridge 16 than the merging portion 70 of the left turn lane 34, and the lane 32 of the east-west road 14
Have joined. The same applies to the other right turn lanes 54, 56, 58.

In this way, the right turn lanes 42, 54, 5
6, 58 branch lanes (one of which is referenced 44 in FIG. 1)
And the branching portion of the left turn lanes 22, 28, 34, 40 (for example, reference numeral 68) are arranged in the same lane, and the right turn lanes 42, 54, 56, 58 are merged. Lane (eg, reference numeral 52) and left turn lane 22,
Since the merging portion of 28, 34, and 40 (for example, reference numeral 70) is arranged in the same lane, two lanes on each side are sufficient for the road site near the intersection.

In the case of newly constructing the grade separation structure 10 as a whole, right turn tunnels 42, 54, 56, 58.
Can be drilled at any convenient time. Preferably, the earth and sand obtained by excavating the tunnel for right turn is diverted to the embankment of a grade separation bridge.

On the other hand, when it is desired to completely turn off the existing overpass with the overpass 16 and the left turn lanes 22, 28, 34, 40, the right turn tunnel 42,
54, 56, 58 can be additionally drilled later. In this case, each of the right turn tunnels 42, 54,
56, 58 entrance slopes (e.g. 46) and / or exit slopes (e.g. 50) can be opened to tunnel deep into the tunnel with or without support. By doing so, it is possible to make the intersection completely three-dimensional with the shortest construction period and the minimum cost while minimizing the traffic regulation.

As described above, the right turn tunnels 42, 5
4, 56 and 58 are located inside the piers 60 and 62 of the grade separation bridge 16 when viewed from the center of the curve of the tunnel for right turn, so that the pier 6 of the existing grade separation bridge 16 is
Even if there are 0 or 62 pile foundations 66, the right-turning tunnels 42, 54, 56, 58 can be excavated without any trouble. In addition, the new site required to add the right-turning tunnels 42, 54, 56, 58 is a branch lane (for example, 44).
Since there is only a confluence lane (for example, 52) and a surface opening of the entrance / exit slope, the expansion of the site can be minimized. After the right-turn tunnel is completed, a guardrail (in Fig. 1, down slope 4
6 is shown, and the others are omitted).

In this grade-separated structure 10, straight traveling and left-turning modes are not so different from the conventional method, and thus need not be described. To explain only how to turn right,
For example, it is assumed that a vehicle traveling in the up lane 18 of the north-south direction road 12 wants to turn right toward the down lane 32 of the east-west direction road 14. Up lane 18 of north-south direction road 12
It is desirable to provide a road sign such as "The right-turning vehicle approaches the left" or "The right-turning tunnel entrance", just before the branch lane 44 to the right-turning tunnel 42. A right-turn vehicle that has moved northward in the up lane 18 of the north-south direction road 12 follows these road signs and separates from the up lane 18 into the branch lane 44 of the right-turning tunnel 42 as shown by an arrow 74, and enters the entrance slope 46. Down the tunnel 4
After entering 8 and turning right in the tunnel 48, go up the exit slope 50, accelerate at the merge lane 52, and join the down lane 32 of the east-west direction road 14. Another right turn tunnel 5
The method is the same for 4, 56 and 58.

As a variation not shown, a roof or ceiling is provided in place of the guardrail (see 72 in FIG. 1) at the surface opening of the entrance and exit slopes of the right turn tunnels 42, 54, 56, 58 to allow rainwater to enter. Can be prevented. In this case, it is particularly preferable to install a sign such as "right turn tunnel entrance" on the front of the roof covering the entrance slopes (see 46 of FIG. 1) of the respective right turn tunnels. The sign on the front of the roof of the entrance slope is higher than the ground level and can be easily seen from a vehicle running on the main line toward the intersection even from a distance. Help to understand early and prepare for the right turn.

Although a specific embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this, and various changes and modifications can be made, and such an embodiment also belongs to the scope of the present invention. . For example, the present invention can be applied to a road having two or more lanes on each side, in which case the lane from the center can be the straight lane or the main lane. The merging portion of the right turn lane and the left turn lane may be of a length that allows sufficient acceleration before merging.

[0034]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION (1) According to the present invention, an intersection can be completely signalless, and traffic jams due to waiting for a signal at an intersection do not occur, so that the maximum road transportation capacity can be achieved. At the same time, it can greatly contribute to reduction of traffic accidents, exhaust gas and noise pollution, fuel saving, and frustration. (2) In the grade separation structure of the present invention, the method and principle of right turn are extremely simple, and the driver can easily understand and imagine them, the steering operation for right turn is easy, and the driver can make a right turn. There is no possibility of causing a rear-end collision because it does not impose a psychological burden on the. (3) According to the present invention, by adding a right-turning lane to an existing overpass having a crossover bridge and a left-turning lane, it is possible to easily and inexpensively turn off the existing overpass. it can. (4) According to the present invention, when a right-turn lane is added to an existing grade-separated intersection having a grade-overpass and a left-turn lane, the extension work can be performed while minimizing traffic restrictions or with a minimum construction period. Can be enforced. (5) Since the right-turning tunnels are independent from each other, it is possible to excavate at the same time and shorten the construction period. (6) According to the present invention, when a right-turn lane is added to an existing grade-separated intersection having a grade crossing bridge and a left-turn lane, the extension work can be performed with a minimum amount of land secured. (7) According to a preferred embodiment, each right turn lane is
In plan view, when arranging inside the bridge pier of the grade separation bridge when viewed from the center of the curve of the right turn lane, excavate the tunnel for right turn while avoiding interference with the existing pile foundation of the bridge pier of the grade separation bridge. It is possible to add a right turn tunnel later. (8) According to the present invention, it is sufficient to secure the land in the vicinity of the intersection. (9) When newly constructing the entire grade separation structure, the earth and sand obtained by excavating the tunnel for right turn can be diverted to the embankment of the grade separation bridge, shortening the construction period and reducing the construction cost. Contribute. (10) According to a preferred embodiment, when a sign indicating the entrance of the right-turning tunnel is provided above the entrance slope of the right-turning tunnel, the driver can be made to understand the right-turning method early and prepare for the right-turning. Contribute to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a grade separation structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the grade separation structure of the present invention shown in FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

10: Overpass structure 12, 14: Road 16: Overpass 22, 28, 34, 40: Left turn lane 42, 54, 56, 58: Lane for right turn 44: Right turn lane branch lane 46: Downhill slope for the right turn lane 48: Right turn lane tunnel 50: Uphill slope for the right turn lane 52: Confluence lane of right turn lane 60, 62: Pier of the overpass

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E01C 1/00-1/04

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. The two intersecting roads are ground level and elevated.
A level crossing bridge that crosses the level and a left turn lane that is installed at the ground level to bypass the level crossing bridge and connect the adjacent up lane and down lane of two roads to each other In the grade-separated structure: For each road, branch from the ascending lane of each road in front of the grade-separated bridge, dive underground in the form of a tunnel, turn right, and then return to the ground level again, At the end of the road, a right-turn lane that joins the down lane of another road will be provided, and the center of the pair of right-turn lanes facing each other will be located at an underground level different from the center of the other pair of right-turn lanes facing each other. A three-dimensional cross structure characterized by being installed. 2. Each of the right turn lanes has a plan view.
It arrange | positions inside the pier of the said grade separation bridge, seeing from the center of the curve of the said lane for right turns.
Based crossover structure. 3. The right turn lane of each road branches off from the up lane before the crossing bridge of the left turn lane, and branches off of the other road at the end of the grade crossing bridge before the confluence of the left turn lane. The grade separation structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the grade intersection structure merges with a down lane. 4. Each of the roads has a road width of one lane on one side except an intersection, and has a road width of two lanes on one side only near the intersection. Overpass structure. 5. The grade separation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the slopes of the right turn lanes of each road have the same slope. 6. The grade separation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a sign indicating the right turn tunnel is provided above the entrance of the right turn tunnel.