JP3461333B2 - Integrated system for waste plastic and fuel cell power generation - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an integrated system for waste plastic processing and fuel cell power generation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A waste plastic processing apparatus having a thermal decomposition apparatus for processing waste plastic has been known. On the other hand, a fuel cell main body having an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, a fuel cell power generator that directly obtains electric power from the fuel cell main body, and a fuel that drives a turbine by using surplus fuel gas from the fuel cell to generate power by a generator. Battery generators are known.

[0003]

As described above, the waste plastic processing apparatus for processing the waste plastic and the fuel cell power generation apparatus are known, but conventionally, these are operated independently of each other.

In such a case, if the fuel gas generated from the thermal decomposition device for waste plastic can be used in the fuel cell power generator, it is convenient because the operation of the entire system can be improved.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the fuel gas generated from the thermal decomposition apparatus for waste plastic can be used in the fuel cell power generation apparatus for the waste plastic processing and the fuel cell power generation. The purpose is to provide an integrated system.

[0006]

The present invention comprises a thermal decomposition device for thermally decomposing waste plastic, and a fuel cell power generation device, and a thermal decomposition gas generated from the thermal decomposition device is introduced through a first introduction line. It is an integrated system of waste plastic and fuel cell power generation, which is introduced into a fuel cell power generation device and also introduces a light gas component generated from pyrolysis gas into the fuel cell power generation device through a second introduction line. .

According to the present invention, the cracking oil drum for guiding and storing the pyrolysis gas is connected to the pyrolysis device via the connecting line, and the light gas component generated from the cracking oil drum is fed to the fuel via the second introduction line. It is an integrated system of waste plastic and fuel cell power generation, which is characterized by being introduced into a battery power generation device.

The present invention is an integrated system for waste plastic and fuel cell power generation, characterized in that a produced oil recovery tower is connected to a cracked oil drum via a connection line.

The present invention is an integrated system for waste plastic and fuel cell power generation, characterized in that a flow rate adjusting valve is provided in each of the first introducing line, the second introducing line, the connecting line and the connecting line.

The present invention is an integrated system for waste plastic and fuel cell power generation, characterized in that a heating and combustion device for burning fuel is connected to the produced oil recovery tower.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an integrated system for waste plastic processing and fuel cell power generation according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the integrated system for waste plastic processing and fuel cell power generation is a combination of a fuel cell power generator A and a waste plastic processor B.

First, the fuel cell power generator A will be described with reference to FIG. The fuel cell power generator A has a cathode electrode 1a and an anode electrode 1b, and is a fuel cell main body 1 for converting into chemical energy, and an auxiliary for combustion of fuel gas from the fuel cell main body 1 and air from the compressor 4. A combustor 15 and a turbine 3 for collecting and transmitting combustion gas from the auxiliary combustor 15.
And a generator 5 connected to the turbine 3.

Exhaust gas from the turbine 3 is guided to an exhaust heat recovery boiler 7 to generate steam. The light gas component (fuel gas) sent from the waste plastic treatment device B as described later is supplied to the anode electrode 1b of the fuel cell power generator A through the fuel preheater 16 and the reformer 2.

The reformer 2 has a reaction section 2a and a combustion section 2b, and the fuel gas sent from the preheater 16 is sent to the reaction section 2a to be reformed and supplied to the anode 1b. .

The fuel gas sent to the anode 1b of the fuel cell body 1 reacts with the gas on the side of the cathode 1a in the fuel cell body 1, and then the anode exhaust gas preheater 17, the fuel preheater 16 and the anode exhaust gas condensing. It is cooled through the heat converter 13 and separated into a gas and a liquid by a gas-liquid separator 19.

The gas produced in the gas-liquid separator 19 is then heated by the anode exhaust gas circulation blower 12 by the anode exhaust gas preheater 17, and is then sent to the combustion section 2b of the reformer 2 and then burned by the reformer. It is sent to the cathode 1a via the air preheater 18 and the carbon dioxide gas recycle system 11.

The fuel gas from the cathode 1a is sent to the auxiliary combustor 15 as described above, and a part of the fuel gas passes through the cathode gas recycle system 10 by the cathode exhaust gas circulation blower 14 and the reformer combustion air preheater. 18 and then to the combustion section 2b of the reformer 2.

The liquid (water) produced in the gas-liquid separator 19 is cooled by the condensed water cooling heat converter 20,
After being treated by the water treatment device 8, it is supplied to the exhaust heat recovery boiler 7.

Next, the waste plastic processing apparatus B will be described. The waste plastic processing device B includes a charging device 33 into which plastic waste (waste plastic) is charged, a thermal decomposition device 31 that thermally decomposes the waste plastic and heats it into oil, and heats the waste plastic from the charging device 33. Quantitative charging device 31a for quantitatively charging the decomposition device 31 and the thermal decomposition device 3
A cracking oil drum 32 for introducing the oil vapor generated from No. 1 through the connecting line 46 and condensing the impurities to settle the impurities.

Of these, the thermal decomposition apparatus 31 has a plastic oilification waste discharge section 45 for discharging the plastic oilification waste resulting from the thermal decomposition of waste plastic, and the decomposition oil drum 32.
A temperature control device 32a such as a heater is attached to the.

A produced oil recovery tower 55 for guiding recovered oil is connected to the cracked oil drum 32 via a pump 34 and a connection line 51. The light oil, the medium oil, and the heavy oil generated in the generated oil recovery tower 55 are respectively stored in the light oil tank 5
6, sent to the medium oil tank 57 and the heavy oil tank 58 for storage.

Further, the connecting line 4 from the thermal decomposition device 31
A first introduction line 42 having a flow rate adjusting valve 50a is connected to 6 by introducing the pyrolysis gas to the anode 1b of the fuel cell main body 11 through the fuel preheater 16 and the reformer 2 of the fuel cell power generator A. ing. This first introduction line 4
The steam generated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 7 is mixed in the steam generator 2.

The decomposed oil drum 32 has a flow rate adjusting valve 5
A second introduction line 43 with 0b is connected, this second
The introduction line 43 merges with the first introduction line 42.
Further, the produced oil recovery tower 55 is provided with a third introduction line 52, and the heating and combustion device 37 is connected to the third introduction line 52 so that the heating and combustion device 37 burns a light gas component. . A thermometer 38 is installed in the heating / combustion device 37, and a flow rate adjusting unit 39 is installed in the third introduction line 52 at the inlet of the heating / combustion device 37.
The flow rate adjusting unit 39 adjusts the flow rate of the light gas component based on the temperature in the heating and combustion device 37 measured in 8.

A boiler 40, a blower 49 for sucking the exhaust gas, and an exhaust duct 41 are sequentially provided on the outlet side of the heating and combustion device 37, and the exhaust gas from the combustion device 37 passes through the boiler 40, the blower 49 and the exhaust duct 41. The exhaust gas lines 47a and 47b are introduced. Exhaust gas introduced to the exhaust gas lines 47a and 47b is disposed inside the waste plastic processing device, for example, the thermal decomposition device 31,
Then, the fuel cell power generator A is guided to the reformer 2, for example.

Dilution air supply units 48a and 48b are provided in the pyrolysis apparatus 31 and the exhaust gas lines 47a and 47b on the inlet side of the reformer 2 in order to dilute the exhaust gas with air and lower the temperature of the exhaust gas. Has been.

Further, the cracked oil drum 32 is connected to a collected oil introduction line 44 for guiding the collected oil in the cracked oil drum 32 to the heating and combustion device 37.

Further, the connecting line 46, the recovered oil introducing line 44 and the connecting line 51 are each provided with a flow rate adjusting valve 50.
c, 50e, 50f are provided.

Next, the operation of this embodiment having such a configuration will be described.

First, the waste plastic is thrown into the constant quantity supply device 31a from the throwing machine 33, and the waste plastic is heated and compressed in the constant quantity supply device 31a. Next, the quantitative supply device 3
The waste plastic in 1a is sent to the thermal decomposition device 31,
In this thermal decomposition apparatus 31, a heating oil conversion process by thermal decomposition is performed, and oil vapor and plastic oil conversion waste are generated.

Of these, the plastic oil waste is discharged from the plastic waste discharge section 45, and the oil vapor is sent to the cracked oil drum 32 via the connection line 46. At the same time, the pyrolysis gas in the pyrolysis device 31 is connected to the connecting line 46 and the first
It is sent to the fuel preheater 16 as fuel through the introduction line 42, further sent to the reformer 2 and sent to the fuel cell main body 1. In the fuel cell body 1, the gas on the cathode 1a side reacts with the gas on the anode 1b side to function as a fuel cell. Excess fuel gas from the fuel cell body 1 is compressed by the compressor 4
Combusted with the air supplied from the inside of the auxiliary combustor 15, the combustion gas is sent to the turbine 3 side, and power is generated by the generator 5.

The light gas content in the cracked oil drum 32 is
The fuel is merged with the fuel in the first introduction line 42 through the second introduction line 43 and sent to the fuel cell power generation device A side.

During this time, the recovered oil in the cracked oil drum 32 is sent to the produced oil recovery tower 55 to recover light oil, medium oil, and heavy oil, and the light gas component from the generated oil recovery tower 55 is the third. It is sent to the heating and combustion device 37 through the introduction line 52. The light gas is completely combusted at a high temperature in the heating / combustion device 37, and then becomes exhaust gas, which is guided to the exhaust gas lines 47a and 47b through the boiler 40, the blower 49, and the exhaust duct 41.

The exhaust gas in the exhaust gas line 47a is diluted by the air supplied from the dilution air supply unit 48a, the temperature of which is adjusted and the diluted exhaust gas is supplied to the thermal decomposition apparatus 31 to heat the thermal decomposition apparatus 31. Further, the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas line 47b is diluted with the air supplied from the dilution air supply unit 48b, the temperature of which is adjusted and supplied to the reforming unit 2 to heat the reforming unit 2.

During this period, on the fuel cell power generator A side,
It is also possible that the power generation load fluctuates. In this case, the control device 60 controls the flow rate adjusting valves 50a to 50e based on the load signal from the generator 5 side, and the thermal decomposition device 31 and the decomposition oil 32 cause the first introduction line 42 and the second introduction line 43. The load on the fuel cell power generator A side can be set to a constant value by adjusting the supply amount of the light gas component supplied to the fuel cell power generator A side via the above.

At the same time, the temperature inside the cracked oil drum 32 is adjusted by the first temperature controller 32a of the cracked oil drum 32 to adjust the amount of light gas generated from the cracked oil drum 32. As a result, the second oil from the cracked oil drum 32
By adjusting the flow rate of the light gas component supplied to the fuel cell power generation device A side through the introduction line 43, the load on the fuel cell power generation device A side can be fixed.

In the heating and combustion device 37, the flow rate adjusting unit 39 is based on the temperature measured by the thermometer 38.
Since the flow rate of the light gas component is adjusted by the above, the temperature of the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas duct 41 can be set to be constant while keeping the temperature inside the heating and combustion device 37 constant.

It should be noted that when starting or stopping the thermal decomposition apparatus 31, it is not possible to sufficiently supply the light gas component from the produced oil recovery tower 55 to the heating and combustion apparatus 37 side. In this case, the recovered oil in the cracked oil drum 32 is supplied to the heating and combustion device 37 side by the pump 34 through the recovered oil introduction line 44 to operate the heating and combustion device 37.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the fuel gas generated from the thermal decomposition device 31 of the waste plastic processing device B can be effectively used in the fuel cell power generation device A, so that the efficiency of the entire system is improved. You can drive like a car.

[0040]

As described above, according to the present invention, the waste plastic is thermally decomposed by the thermal decomposition device to be heated and oiled, and the oil vapor generated by the thermal decomposition device is stored in the decomposition oil drum. The light components of the oil vapor in the cracked oil drum are then introduced into the fuel cell power generator and can be used in the fuel cell power generator. Therefore, the efficiency of operation of the entire system can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an integrated system for waste plastic processing and fuel cell power generation according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Fuel cell body 2 reformer 3 turbine 4 compressor 5 generator 31 Pyrolysis device 32 cracked oil drum 32a Temperature controller 37 Heating and combustion equipment 40 boiler 41 Exhaust duct 42 First introduction line 43 Second introduction line 44 Collected oil introduction line 46 Connection line 47a, 47b Exhaust gas line 51 connection line 55 Production oil recovery tower A Fuel cell power generator B Waste plastic processing equipment

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A thermal decomposition device for thermally decomposing waste plastic, and a fuel cell power generation device, wherein the thermal decomposition gas generated from the thermal decomposition device is introduced into the fuel cell power generation device through a first introduction line. An integrated system of waste plastic and fuel cell power generation, characterized in that a light gas component generated from pyrolysis gas is introduced into a fuel cell power generation device through a second introduction line. 2. A pyrolysis device is connected to a cracking oil drum for guiding and storing the pyrolysis gas through a connecting line, and a light gas component generated from the cracking oil drum is generated in a fuel cell through a second introduction line. The integrated system for waste plastic and fuel cell power generation according to claim 1, wherein the integrated system is used in a device. 3. The integrated system for waste plastic and fuel cell power generation according to claim 2, wherein the produced oil recovery tower is connected to the cracked oil drum via a connection line. 4. The integrated system for waste plastic and fuel cell power generation according to claim 3, wherein each of the first introduction line, the second introduction line, the connection line and the connection line is provided with a flow rate adjusting valve. . 5. The integrated system for waste plastic and fuel cell power generation according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a heating combustion device for burning fuel is connected to the produced oil recovery tower. 6. The control device controls the flow rate adjusting valves of the first introduction line, the second introduction line, the connection line and the branch line according to the power generation load of the fuel cell power generation device. Integrated system for waste plastic and fuel cell power generation.