JP2002141075A - Integrated system for waste plastic and fuel cell power generation - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an integrated system for waste plastic disposal and fuel cell power generation which can aim at higher efficiency of operation of a whole system. SOLUTION: The waste plastic disposal and fuel cell power generation system is provided with a fuel cell power generation device A and a waste plastic disposal device B, of which, the latter B comprises a thermal decomposition device 31 for pyrolytically decomposing waste plastic and a decomposed oil drum 32 for condensing oil steam generated from the thermal decomposition device 31. Fuel gas discharged from the thermal decomposition device 31 and the decomposed oil drum 32 are sent to the side of the fuel cell power generation system A through a first feed line 42 and a second feed line 43.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an integrated system for waste plastic processing and fuel cell power generation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A waste plastic processing apparatus having a thermal decomposition apparatus for processing waste plastic has been known. On the other hand, a fuel cell main body having an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, a fuel cell power generator for directly obtaining electric power from the fuel cell main body, and a fuel generated by a generator by driving a turbine using surplus fuel gas from the fuel cell Battery power generators are known.

[0003]

As described above, a waste plastic processing apparatus for processing waste plastic and a fuel cell power generation apparatus are known, but these are conventionally operated independently.

In such a case, if the fuel gas generated from the waste plastic pyrolyzer can be used in the fuel cell power generator, the efficiency of the operation of the entire system can be improved, which is convenient.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the present invention is directed to waste plastic processing and fuel cell power generation in which fuel gas generated from a waste plastic pyrolyzer can be used in a fuel cell power generator. It is intended to provide an integrated system.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention comprises a pyrolyzer for pyrolyzing waste plastics and a fuel cell power generator, wherein pyrolysis gas generated from the pyrolyzer is supplied through a first introduction line. This is an integrated system of waste plastic and fuel cell power generation characterized by introducing a fuel cell power generation device.

According to the present invention, a cracking oil drum for guiding and storing a cracking gas through a connecting line is connected to a cracking device, and light gas generated from the cracking oil drum is supplied to a fuel through a second introduction line. This is an integrated system of waste plastic and fuel cell power generation, which is introduced into a battery power generator.

The present invention is an integrated system for waste plastic and fuel cell power generation, wherein a generated oil recovery tower is connected to a cracked oil drum via a connection line.

The present invention is an integrated system of waste plastic and fuel cell power generation, wherein a flow rate regulating valve is provided in each of the first introduction line, the second introduction line, the connection line and the connection line.

[0010] The present invention is an integrated system of waste plastic and fuel cell power generation, characterized in that a heating and burning device for burning fuel is connected to the produced oil recovery tower.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an integrated system of waste plastic processing and fuel cell power generation according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the integrated system of waste plastic processing and fuel cell power generation is a combination of a fuel cell power generator A and a waste plastic processing apparatus B.

First, the fuel cell power generator A will be described with reference to FIG. The fuel cell power generator A has a cathode 1a and an anode 1b, and has a fuel cell main body 1 for converting into chemical energy, and an auxiliary for burning fuel gas from the fuel cell main body 1 and air from the compressor 4. Combustor 15 and turbine 3 for sending and recovering combustion gas from auxiliary combustor 15
And a generator 5 connected to the turbine 3.

The exhaust gas from the turbine 3 is guided to an exhaust heat recovery boiler 7 to generate steam. Light gas (fuel gas) sent from the waste plastic processing apparatus B is supplied to the anode 1b of the fuel cell power generation apparatus A via the fuel preheater 16 and the reformer 2 as described later.

The reformer 2 has a reaction section 2a and a combustion section 2b. The fuel gas sent from the preheater 16 is sent to the reaction section 2a, reformed, and supplied to the anode 1b. .

The fuel gas sent to the anode 1b of the fuel cell body 1 reacts with the gas on the cathode 1a side in the fuel cell body 1, and then the anode exhaust gas preheater 17, the fuel preheater 16, and the anode exhaust gas condensate. It is cooled through the heat converter 13 and separated into gas and liquid by the gas-liquid separator 19.

The gas generated in the gas-liquid separator 19 is thereafter heated by the anode exhaust gas preheater 17 by the anode exhaust gas circulating blower 12, and then sent to the combustion section 2b of the reformer 2, where it is burned. The air is sent to the cathode 1 a through the air preheater 18 and the carbon dioxide gas recycling system 11.

The fuel gas from the cathode 1a is sent to the auxiliary combustor 15 as described above, but a part of the fuel gas passes through the cathode gas recycle system 10 by the cathode exhaust gas circulation blower 14 and the reformer combustion air preheater. 18 and further sent to the combustion section 2b of the reformer 2.

The liquid (water) generated by the gas-liquid separator 19 is cooled by a condensed water cooling heat converter 20.
After being treated by the water treatment device 8, it is supplied to the exhaust heat recovery boiler 7.

Next, the waste plastic processing apparatus B will be described. The waste plastic processing apparatus B includes a charging device 33 into which plastic waste (waste plastic) is charged, a thermal decomposition device 31 that thermally decomposes the waste plastic and heat-oils it, and heats the waste plastic from the charging device 33. A fixed-quantity feeding machine 31a for feeding a fixed amount into the decomposition device 31;
A decomposed oil drum 32 for introducing the oil vapor generated from 1 through a connection line 46 and condensing the impurities after sedimentation.

The pyrolyzer 31 has a plastic oily waste discharge section 45 for discharging plastic oily waste obtained by thermally decomposing waste plastics.
Is mounted with a temperature control device 32a such as a heater.

A generated oil recovery tower 55 for guiding recovered oil is connected to the cracked oil drum 32 via a pump 34 and a connection line 51. The light oil, the medium oil and the heavy oil generated in the generated oil recovery tower 55 are respectively supplied to the light oil tank 5
6. It is sent to the medium oil tank 57 and the heavy oil tank 58 for storage.

Further, the connection line 4 from the pyrolysis unit 31
6 is connected to a first introduction line 42 which guides the pyrolysis gas through the fuel preheater 16 and the reformer 2 of the fuel cell power generator A to the anode 1b of the fuel cell main body 11 and has a flow control valve 50a. ing. This first introduction line 4
2, the steam generated by the exhaust heat recovery boiler 7 is mixed.

The cracking oil drum 32 has a flow control valve 5
0b is connected to this second introduction line 43,
The introduction line 43 merges with the first introduction line 42.
Further, a third introduction line 52 is provided in the produced oil recovery tower 55, and a heating and combustion device 37 is connected to the third introduction line 52 so that light gas is burned by the heating and combustion device 37. . A thermometer 38 is installed in the heating and burning device 37, and a flow rate adjusting unit 39 is provided in a third introduction line 52 at the entrance of the heating and burning device 37.
The flow rate of the light gas is adjusted by the flow rate adjusting section 39 based on the temperature inside the heating and combustion device 37 measured at 8.

A boiler 40, a blower 49 for sucking exhaust gas, and an exhaust duct 41 are sequentially provided on the outlet side of the heating and burning device 37. The gas is led to the exhaust gas lines 47a and 47b. The exhaust gas guided to the exhaust gas lines 47a and 47b is respectively discharged from the waste plastic processing apparatus, for example, the thermal decomposition apparatus 31,
And the fuel cell power generation device A, for example, to the reformer 2.

In the exhaust gas lines 47a and 47b on the inlet side of the pyrolyzer 31 and the reformer 2, dilution air supply sections 48a and 48b are provided for diluting the exhaust gas with air to lower the temperature of the exhaust gas. Have been.

Further, to the cracked oil drum 32, a recovered oil introduction line 44 for guiding the recovered oil in the cracked oil drum 32 to the heating and burning device 37 is connected.

The connection line 46, the recovered oil introduction line 44, and the connection line 51 are each provided with a flow control valve 50.
c, 50e and 50f are provided.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment having the above configuration will be described.

First, waste plastic is introduced into the fixed amount supply device 31a from the input device 33, and the waste plastic is heated and compressed in the fixed amount supply device 31a. Next, the fixed amount supply device 3
The waste plastic in 1a is sent to the pyrolysis device 31,
In this thermal decomposition device 31, a heating oiling treatment by thermal decomposition is performed, and oil vapor and plastic oiling waste are generated.

The plastic oil waste is discharged from the plastic waste discharge part 45, and the oil vapor is sent to the cracked oil drum 32 via the connection line 46. At the same time, the pyrolysis gas in the pyrolysis device 31 is connected to the connection line 46 and the first
The fuel is sent to the fuel preheater 16 as fuel via the introduction line 42, further sent to the reformer 2, and sent to the fuel cell main body 1. In the fuel cell body 1, the gas on the cathode 1a side reacts with the gas on the anode electrode 1b side to function as a fuel cell. Excess fuel gas from the fuel cell body 1 is supplied to the compressor 4
The combustion gas is combusted in the auxiliary combustor 15 with the air supplied from the combustion chamber, and the combustion gas is sent to the turbine 3 side, and the power is generated by the generator 5.

The light gas content in the cracked oil drum 32 is
The fuel is merged with the fuel in the first introduction line 42 via the second introduction line 43 and sent to the fuel cell power generator A side.

During this time, the recovered oil in the cracked oil drum 32 is sent to the generated oil recovery tower 55, where light oil, intermediate oil and heavy oil are recovered, and the light gas component from the generated oil recovery tower 55 is the third gas. It is sent to the heating and burning device 37 through the introduction line 52. After the light gas is completely burned at high temperature in the heating and burning device 37, it becomes exhaust gas and is led to the exhaust gas lines 47a and 47b via the boiler 40, the blower 49 and the exhaust duct 41.

The exhaust gas in the exhaust gas line 47a is diluted by the air supplied from the dilution air supply section 48a, the temperature thereof is adjusted, and the diluted exhaust gas is supplied to the pyrolysis device 31 to heat the pyrolysis device 31. Further, the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas line 47b is diluted by the air supplied from the dilution air supply unit 48b, the temperature thereof is adjusted and supplied to the reforming unit 2 to heat the reforming unit 2.

During this time, on the fuel cell power generator A side,
It is also conceivable that the power generation load fluctuates. In this case, the control device 60 controls the flow control valves 50 a to 50 e based on the load signal from the generator 5 side, and the first introduction line 42 and the second introduction line 43 from the pyrolysis device 31 and the cracked oil 32. By adjusting the supply amount of the light gas to be supplied to the fuel cell power generation device A side through the above, the load on the fuel cell power generation device A side can be set to a constant value.

At the same time, the temperature inside the cracked oil drum 32 is adjusted by the first temperature control device 32a of the cracked oil drum 32, and the amount of light gas generated from inside the cracked oil drum 32 is adjusted. As a result, the second
By adjusting the flow rate of the light gas supplied to the fuel cell generator A via the introduction line 43, the load on the fuel cell generator A can be fixed.

In the heating and burning device 37, a flow rate adjusting unit 39 based on the temperature measured by the thermometer 38.
As a result, the flow rate of the light gas is adjusted, so that the temperature inside the heating and burning device 37 can be kept constant and the temperature of the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas duct 41 can be fixed.

When the pyrolysis unit 31 is started or stopped, a sufficient amount of light gas cannot be supplied from the generated oil recovery tower 55 to the heating and burning unit 37 side. In this case, the recovered oil in the cracked oil drum 32 is supplied by the pump 34 to the heated combustion device 37 through the recovered oil introduction line 44 to operate the heated combustion device 37.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the fuel gas generated from the pyrolysis device 31 of the waste plastic processing device B can be effectively used in the fuel cell power generation device A. Driving can be performed.

[0040]

As described above, according to the present invention, waste plastics are thermally decomposed by a pyrolysis device and heated and oiled, and oil vapor generated by the pyrolysis device is stored in a decomposed oil drum. The light fraction of the oil vapor in the cracked oil drum is then introduced into the fuel cell power plant and can be used in the fuel cell power plant. Therefore, the efficiency of operation of the entire system can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an integrated system of waste plastic processing and fuel cell power generation according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fuel cell main body 2 Reformer 3 Turbine 4 Compressor 5 Generator 31 Thermal decomposition device 32 Cracked oil drum 32a Temperature control device 37 Heat combustion device 40 Boiler 41 Exhaust duct 42 First introduction line 43 Second introduction line 44 Collected oil Introduction line 46 Connection line 47a, 47b Exhaust gas line 51 Connection line 55 Generated oil recovery tower A Fuel cell power generator B Waste plastic processing equipment

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A fuel cell power generator, comprising: a pyrolyzer for pyrolyzing waste plastic; and a fuel cell power generator, wherein a pyrolysis gas generated from the pyrolyzer is introduced into the fuel cell power generator via a first introduction line. An integrated system for waste plastic and fuel cell power generation. 2. A cracking oil drum for guiding and storing a cracking gas through a connecting line to a cracking device, and connecting a light gas generated from the cracking oil drum to a fuel cell power generation through a second introduction line. The integrated system of waste plastic and fuel cell power generation according to claim 1, wherein the integrated system is introduced into an apparatus. 3. The integrated system for waste plastic and fuel cell power generation according to claim 2, wherein a generated oil recovery tower is connected to the cracked oil drum via a connection line. 4. An integrated system for waste plastic and fuel cell power generation according to claim 3, wherein a flow control valve is provided in each of the first introduction line, the second introduction line, the connection line and the connection line. . 5. The integrated system for waste plastic and fuel cell power generation according to claim 3, wherein a heating combustion device for burning fuel is connected to the generated oil recovery tower. 6. A flow control valve for a first introduction line, a second introduction line, a connection line, and a branch line is controlled by a control device according to a power generation load of the fuel cell power generation device. Integrated system of waste plastic and fuel cell power generation.