JP3438946B2 - Garbage processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage disposal device for decomposing garbage with microorganisms or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a processing apparatus for fermenting kitchen waste with microorganisms has been disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-125942 (C09F 9/0).
2) and Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-1291 (B09B 3/00). As described above, in an apparatus for treating garbage with microorganisms, etc., it is necessary to prepare an optimal environment for the activities of microorganisms, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the garbage in an appropriate range of water and temperature conditions, and to supply oxygen necessary for treatment. Need to supply.

Therefore, as seen in the above-mentioned prior art, a stirring means for equalizing the water state and the oxygen supply state of the whole kitchen, and an exhaust means for vaporizing and discharging the excess water together with the oxygen supply. In addition, heating means is provided for stable treatment even in winter, and the structure is designed to promote the treatment efficiency of kitchen waste.

In these prior arts, the inside of the treatment tank is maintained at 20 to 40 degrees Celsius or 50 to 60 degrees Celsius, and in the former case, soybeans are fermented with so-called mesophilic bacterium and in the latter with so-called high temperature bacterium. It is supposed to be processed.

However, the so-called mesophilic bacterium, which is activated at 20 to 40 degrees Celsius, decomposes the fibers of vegetables and the like relatively quickly, but the starch and proteins of meat and fish, eggs and bones. There is a drawback that the decomposition rate of calcium is slow,
Further, thermophilic bacteria which are activated at 50 to 60 degrees Celsius have a relatively high rate of degrading starch, protein and calcium, but have a drawback of slow degrading of fiber.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, and an object of the present invention is to provide a garbage treating apparatus capable of efficiently decomposing various kinds of garbage in a short time.

The first means of the present invention is to:
A treatment tank having a garbage disposal opening, heating means for heating the inside of the treatment tank, temperature detection means for detecting the temperature in the treatment tank, and operating the heating means based on the output of the temperature detection means, Inside the processing tank, the first temperature and the second temperature higher than the first temperature
And a control circuit for alternately changing the temperature and the temperature every predetermined period.

The second means of the present invention is a treatment tank having an opening for garbage disposal, heating means for heating the inside of the treatment tank, temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature in the treatment tank, and the temperature detecting means. A control circuit that operates the heating means based on the output of the means to alternately change the inside of the processing tank to a first temperature and a second temperature higher than the first temperature at predetermined intervals, and a period of the first temperature. And adjusting means for adjusting the length of the second temperature period.

A third means of the present invention is a processing tank having an opening for garbage disposal, heating means for heating the inside of the processing tank, temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature in the processing tank, and the temperature detecting means. And a control circuit for operating the heating means based on the output of the means to alternately change the inside of the treatment tank to the first temperature and the second temperature higher than the first temperature at predetermined intervals. The second temperature is set at the time of starting.

A fourth means of the present invention is a processing tank having an opening for garbage disposal, heating means for heating the inside of the processing tank, temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature in the processing tank, and the temperature detecting means. And a control circuit for operating the heating means based on the output of the means to alternately change the inside of the treatment tank to the first temperature and the second temperature higher than the first temperature at predetermined intervals. The predetermined period of the first temperature and the second temperature at the time of startup are set longer than the subsequent periods of the first temperature and the second temperature.

[0010]

According to the first means of the present invention, the garbage is discarded from the opening into the processing tank. In the state where the inside of the treatment tank is maintained at the first temperature, so-called mesophilic bacteria propagate in the treatment tank and efficiently decompose fiber of kitchen waste, particularly vegetables. After the lapse of a predetermined period, the inside of the processing tank is maintained at the second temperature,
So-called thermophilic bacteria propagate in the treatment tank and efficiently decompose garbage such as starch and fat.

According to the second means of the present invention, the kitchen waste is discarded from the opening into the processing tank. In the state where the inside of the treatment tank is maintained at the first temperature, so-called mesophilic bacteria propagate in the treatment tank,
Efficiently decompose and dispose of kitchen waste, especially vegetables.
After the lapse of a predetermined period of time, the inside of the processing tank is maintained at the second temperature, so-called thermophilic bacteria propagate in the processing tank, and the garbage, particularly starch and fat, etc. are efficiently decomposed. The period of the first temperature and the period of the second temperature are adjusted by the adjusting means according to the type of kitchen waste discarded in the processing tank.

According to the third means of the present invention, when the processing tank is installed and activated, the control circuit maintains the inside of the processing tank at the second temperature. When the kitchen waste is discarded into the treatment tank through the opening, microorganisms attached to the kitchen waste, so-called thermophilic bacteria, propagate and the kitchen waste, particularly starch and fat, are efficiently decomposed. The thermophilic bacterium propagates faster than the so-called mesophilic bacterium, and therefore, compared to the case of starting at the first temperature, the thermophilic bacterium is efficiently decomposed without generating a bad odor due to putrefaction. At this second temperature, most of the mesophilic bacterium that has entered the treatment tank together with the garbage goes into a dormant state, and some mesophilic bacterium propagates to decompose the garbage with the thermophilic bacterium.

After the lapse of a predetermined period of time, the inside of the treatment tank is maintained at the first temperature, so-called mesophilic bacterium grows, and the garbage, especially the fiber material is efficiently decomposed. The mesophilic bacterium propagates more slowly than the thermophilic bacterium, but the bacterium that propagates at the second temperature efficiently decomposes the garbage compared with the case of starting at the first temperature from the beginning.

According to the fourth means of the present invention, the garbage is discarded from the opening into the processing tank. In the state where the inside of the treatment tank is maintained at the first temperature, so-called mesophilic bacteria propagate in the treatment tank,
Efficiently decompose and dispose of kitchen waste, especially vegetables.
After the lapse of a predetermined period of time, the inside of the processing tank is maintained at the second temperature, so-called thermophilic bacteria propagate in the processing tank, and the garbage, particularly starch and fat, etc. are efficiently decomposed. In the initial state of start-up, there are few microorganisms and it takes time to breed. However, when the temperature changes to a temperature that is not suitable for breeding, most of the microorganisms die, but quite a few become dormant. Since many of the microorganisms are in the dormant state, the breeding speed when the temperature is changed to a temperature suitable for breeding is higher than that in the initial state of startup.

[0016]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a treatment tank having a large number of small holes on its side surface and an opening for garbage disposal formed on the upper surface thereof, and it contains a carrier 2 for culturing microorganisms and the like that decompose garbage. The carrier 2 is made of wood chips such as sawdust, chaff, rice sugar, and a substrate for culturing microorganisms such as soil. In this example, JP-A-2-34679 (C02F) is used.
11/02) The wood chips shown in "Method for treating sludge with microorganisms using wood chips" are used. The carrier 2 is formed into a porous material, has high air permeability and water permeability, and has a property of keeping moisture and air suitable for breeding microorganisms and the like.
When garbage is mixed with 2, microorganisms and the like attached to the garbage propagate, and the microorganisms finally decompose the garbage into water and carbon dioxide gas to extinguish the garbage.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a non-ventilating portion which is integrally formed in the lower portion of the processing tank 1 and does not form a small hole.
The air is formed and the air supplied from the air outlet 29 or the hot air prevents the carrier 2 from being locally dried and prevents the activity of microorganisms or the like propagating on the carrier 2 from decreasing. Four
Is a drainage hole formed at the bottom of the treatment tank 1, and drains water generated by decomposition of garbage by microorganisms propagating on the carrier 2 to a drainage part 8 described later.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a storage case that covers the outer periphery of the processing tank 1 through a space 6, and a drainage section 8 is formed by being partitioned by a metal partition plate 7 having a large number of small holes at the bottom of the storage case 5. The drainage part 8 is integrally formed and has a drainage port 9 to which a drainage hose (not shown) is connected.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a cylindrical main body case that covers the outer periphery of the storage case 5 with a space 11 between the storage case 5 and the storage case 5, and a space 1 between the storage case 5 and the main body case 10.
1 and the inside of the storage case 5 are kept airtight. Reference numeral 12 is a bottom plate that closes the bottom opening of the main body case 10, and 13 is a synthetic resin top plate that is placed on the main body case 10. The top plate 13 has a garbage disposal port 14. . An inclined surface 15 that gradually inclines downward toward the back side is formed below the garbage disposal port 14, and the lower end of the inclined surface 15 is opened 16 to communicate the garbage disposal port 14 and the inside of the processing tank 1. is doing.

Reference numeral 17 denotes a shutter swingably supported by the top plate 13, which maintains a state in which the opening 16 is closed by its own weight, and is discarded from the garbage disposal port 14 to be inclined.
The opening 16 is opened by swinging by the kitchen material that slides down.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a lid body which is rotatably supported by the top plate 13 and which opens and closes the garbage disposal opening 14 so that the opening of the lid body 18 can be detected by a detection means (not shown) such as a micro switch. The output of the microswitch stops the energization of the electric motor 22 and the heater 31 described later when the lid 18 is opened.

Reference numeral 19 is a first reinforcing plate fixed to one side surface of the storage case 5, and 20 is a first reinforcing plate 1 of the storage case 5.
9 is a second reinforcing plate fixed to one side face fixed to the other side face, and a bearing 21 for pivotally supporting a stirring blade 23 described later is fixed to each of the first reinforcing plate 19 and the second reinforcing plate 20. At the same time, an electric motor 22 capable of rotating in the forward and reverse directions is fixed to the first reinforcing plate 19.

Reference numeral 23 denotes a stirring blade arranged in the carrier 2, a rotary shaft 24 penetrating the side wall of the processing tank 1 and rotatably supported by a bearing 21 of the storage case 5, and a rotary shaft 24. And a plurality of stirring blades 25 fixed to
The rotating shaft 24 and the stirring blade 25 are made of a material having high corrosion resistance,
For example, it is made of stainless steel.

Reference numeral 26 denotes a sprocket which is fixed to the rotation shaft 24 by a rotation stop, and a chain (not shown) is installed between the sprocket 27 which is fixed to the drive shaft of the electric motor 22 and fixed and is agitated by the drive of the electric motor 22. The wings 23 are adapted to rotate.

Reference numeral 28 is a ventilation port formed in the main body case 10, 29 is a ventilation port formed in the storage case 5, and 3 is a ventilation port.
0 is a blower arranged in the space 11, 31 is a blower 3
In the heater mounted on No. 0, the blower 30 and the heater 31 constitute a warm air generator, and the warm air generator communicates with the ventilation port 28 and the ventilation port 29 through the packings 32 and 33 and is stored. By a temperature sensor (not shown) that detects the temperature inside the case 5, the inside of the storage case 5 is alternately maintained at a first temperature of 25 to 40 degrees Celsius and a second temperature of 50 to 60 degrees Celsius. ing.

Exhaust ports (not shown) are formed in the storage case 5 and the main body case 10, so that when the blower 30 is driven, excess water is discharged to the outside together with the air in the storage case 5. The air blower 30 and the heater 31 keep the inside of the storage case 5 at an optimum temperature and humidity and supply air necessary for activating the microorganisms.

Next, description will be given based on the circuit diagram shown in FIG.

Reference numeral 34 is provided on the top plate 13 and is used for the electric motor 2
2 is an operation switch for driving 2, 35 is a detection means such as a micro switch for detecting the opening / closing of the lid 18, and 36 is a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the storage case 5.

Reference numeral 37 is an adjustment switch provided on the top plate 13 for adjusting the period between the first temperature and the second temperature according to the long-term tendency of the type of kitchen waste to be discarded in the processing tank 1. Has become. That is, in a household with a large amount of starch such as meat, protein such as meat and fish, and calcium such as egg shell and bone as the kitchen waste to be discarded, the period of the second temperature is increased by operating the adjusting switch 37, and the fiber such as vegetables is removed. In many homes, the adjustment switch 37 is operated to increase the period of the first temperature.

Reference numeral 38 denotes the operation switch 34 and the detection means 3
5, a control circuit for inputting signals from the temperature sensor 36 and the adjustment switch 37, 39 controls the drive of the electric motor 22 based on the output of the control circuit 38 when the operation switch 34 is operated while the lid 18 is closed. Electric motor drive, 40
Is a blower controller, which controls the control circuit 3 when the lid 18 is closed.
The blower 30 is driven on the basis of the output of 8 to supply air into the storage case 5 to activate microorganisms or the like that propagate on the carrier 2 and suppress the temperature inside the storage case 5 from excessively rising. It is supposed to do.

Reference numeral 41 is the detection means 35 and the temperature sensor 3.
The output of the control circuit 38 based on the output of 6 causes the heater 3
In the closed state of the lid body 18, the heater control unit for controlling the inside of the carrier 2 has a first temperature of 20 to 40 degrees Celsius and a second temperature of 50 to 60 degrees Celsius for a predetermined period. It changes every time. In this embodiment, the first temperature is maintained for 7 days and the second temperature is maintained for 5 days in the initial stage of startup,
After that, the first temperature is maintained for 5 days and the second temperature is maintained for 4 days.

After installation and connection of the power source, that is, at the time of starting, the inside of the processing tank 1 is first maintained at the second temperature of 50 to 60 degrees Celsius. When the kitchen waste such as kitchen garbage is processed, the lid 18 is opened and the kitchen waste disposal port 14 is opened.
Then, the kitchen waste is dropped on the inclined surface 15 and put into the processing tank 1. When the throwing in of the kitchen waste is completed, the lid 18 is closed and the operation switch 34 is operated. By operating the operation switch 34, the electric motor 22 repeats forward and reverse rotation for a predetermined time, and the stirring blade 23
At the same time, the garbage is mixed with the carrier 2 while being crushed.

On the carrier 2, microorganisms attached to the garbage by discarding the garbage in the processing tank 1, namely, Mastigocladus laminos.
us, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus stearothrimophi
So-called thermophilic bacteria such as lus propagate and decompose and eliminate the garbage. Since the kitchen waste discarded in the processing tank 1 is crushed between the stirring blades 23 and the side wall of the processing tank 1, the kitchen waste decomposes and disappears in a relatively short time. In addition, the inside of the treatment tank 1 is maintained at the second temperature optimum for activation of so-called thermophilic bacteria, that is, at 50 to 60 degrees Celsius, and since thermophilic bacteria have an extremely high breeding rate as compared with mesophilic bacteria, Compared to the case of decomposing with mesophilic bacteria at the beginning of startup,
It breeds more quickly and can be quickly decomposed with almost no spoilage. In this second temperature state, starchy material,
The decomposition of proteins and calcium is promoted.

In this second temperature state, most of the mesophilic bacterium that has entered the treatment tank 1 together with the garbage goes dormant, but some of the mesophilic bacterium breeds with the thermophilic bacterium to dispose of the garbage. Disassemble.

After a predetermined period, 5 days in this embodiment,
The amount of electricity supplied to the heater 31 is reduced, and the inside of the processing tank 1 is maintained at the first temperature, that is, 20 to 40 degrees Celsius. In this state, the microorganisms attached to the garbage, namely Xanthomanas rin
So-called mesophilic bacteria such as icala and Gaffkya hamari propagate and efficiently decompose the fiber material of kitchen waste, especially vegetables.

At this first temperature, the dormant mesophilic bacterium is awakened, activated along with the mesophilic bacterium which was active at the second temperature, and rapidly propagates to decompose the garbage. In addition, most thermophilic bacteria die, but a considerable number of thermophilic bacteria become dormant, and some thermophilic bacteria act together with mesophilic bacteria to decompose garbage.

Then, after a lapse of a predetermined period, in this embodiment, 7 days, the inside of the processing tank 1 is maintained at the second temperature again. Thereafter, the first temperature is 5 days, the second temperature is
Every four days, the first temperature and the second temperature are alternately repeated, and the discarded kitchen waste is decomposed by the mesophilic bacterium and the thermophilic bacterium. Efficiently decomposes various types of garbage by alternately repeating treatment with thermophilic bacteria that efficiently decomposes starch, protein, calcium, etc. and treatment with mesophilic bacteria that efficiently decomposes fiber etc. be able to. Also, eggs of harmful insects such as flies and mites attached to the garbage are discarded in the treatment tank 1 together with the garbage, and the harmful insects hatch at the first temperature because the first temperature is a temperature suitable for growing. However, since the temperature shifts to the second temperature, which is a temperature at which the pests cannot grow before becoming an adult, the pests do not propagate.

Further, in the state of the first temperature, most of the thermophilic bacteria are killed and a part thereof is in the asphyxia state, and in the state of the second temperature, most of the mesophilic bacteria are killed and a part thereof is temporarily dead. The mesophilic and thermophilic bacteria that became the state of asphyxia were
Next, when the temperature reaches a temperature suitable for growing, it revives rapidly and reproduces in a very short period of time, and efficiently decomposes garbage. Therefore, since mesophilic bacteria and thermophilic bacteria propagate within a very short period of time after the initial startup, the periods of the first temperature and the second temperature are shortened compared to the initial startup, and various kinds of kitchen waste can be stored for a shorter period of time. In the meantime, the decomposition treatment can be efficiently performed.

The water produced by decomposing the garbage is
It contains components generated in the process during the safe decomposition of kitchen waste, that is, sugars, amino acids, organic acids and the like, and these components are decomposed by microorganisms propagating on the carrier 2 to be purified and drained. Drain to. In addition, wastes and dead bodies of the microorganisms are also decomposed by bacteria. The microbial food chain described above produces almost no odor and residue,
It can be decomposed almost completely.

Further, in a household with a large amount of fiber such as vegetables as waste to be discarded, the switch 37 is used to lengthen the period of the first temperature at which the fiber decomposition efficiency is high, thereby increasing the starch content,
In a household with a large amount of protein such as meat or fish and calcium such as egg paste or egg, the control switch 37 is used to lengthen the period of the second temperature at which the decomposition efficiency is high so that the decomposition efficiency of garbage can be adjusted according to each household. Can be improved.

[0042]

As described above, according to the structure of claim 1, various kinds of kitchen waste can be efficiently decomposed.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to prolong the period of the temperature at which the type of kitchen waste is excellent in decomposing ability according to the amount of the type of kitchen waste to be treated, and to efficiently decompose various types of kitchen waste. There is an effect that it can be processed.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, various types of kitchen waste can be efficiently decomposed, and the kitchen waste decomposition processing capability in the initial starting state can be improved.

According to the structure of claim 4, it is possible to improve the garbage disintegration processing capacity in the initial state of starting, and to improve the decomposition decomposition efficiency of various kinds of kitchen waste thereafter. Play.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view seen from the other direction.

FIG. 3 is an external perspective view of the processing tank.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 processing tank 2 carriers 31 Heater (heating means) 36 Temperature sensor (temperature detection means) 38 Control circuit

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-61-281091 (JP, A) JP-A-6-24883 (JP, A) JP-A-5-23653 (JP, A) JP-A-7- 96269 (JP, A) (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B09B 3/00-5/00

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A processing tank having an opening for garbage disposal, heating means for heating the inside of the processing tank, temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature in the processing tank, and heating based on the output of the temperature detecting means. actuating the means, in the processing tank, at every predetermined period and higher than the first temperature and the first temperature second temperature, garbage processing apparatus characterized by comprising a control circuit for changing alternately. 2. A processing tank having a garbage disposal opening, heating means for heating the inside of the processing tank, temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature in the processing tank, and heating based on the output of the temperature detecting means. actuating the means, in the processing tank, at every predetermined period and higher than the first temperature and the first temperature second temperature, and a control circuit for changing alternately, the period and the period of the second temperature of the first temperature A kitchen provided with an adjusting means for adjusting the length.
Garbage disposal device. 3. A processing tank having a garbage disposal opening, heating means for heating the inside of the processing tank, temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature in the processing tank, and heating based on the output of the temperature detecting means. A control circuit for activating the means and alternately changing the inside of the treatment tank to a first temperature and a second temperature higher than the first temperature every predetermined period, the control circuit changing the second temperature at the time of start-up. A garbage disposal device characterized by having a setting. 4. A processing tank having an opening for garbage disposal, heating means for heating the inside of the processing tank, temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature in the processing tank, and heating based on the output of the temperature detecting means. And a control circuit for alternately changing the inside of the treatment tank to a first temperature and a second temperature higher than the first temperature for each predetermined period, the control circuit for controlling the predetermined period at startup. The kitchen treatment apparatus, wherein the period of the first temperature and the second temperature is set longer than the period of the subsequent first temperature and second temperature.