JP3729088B2 - Garbage processing machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Technology to which the Invention belongs]
The present invention relates to a garbage processing machine for processing garbage.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventional garbage processing machines are roughly classified into a microbial decomposition type and a heat drying type.
[0003]
The microbial decomposition type is a method in which microorganisms are decomposed by garbage, and chips such as sawdust are put in order to activate microorganisms before the garbage is input. During operation, the garbage decomposition tank is maintained at a temperature of around 30 ° C, and the decomposition activity is promoted while periodically stirring. It decomposes the garbage for one day over a period of 1 to 3 days. Process it.
[0004]
In this case, since the microorganisms decompose the raw garbage so that the raw garbage is decomposed while being fermented, the processed raw garbage can be used as it is as an organic fertilizer. On the other hand, in order for microorganisms to operate normally, it is necessary to limit the type and amount of raw garbage that is input, and since many processed germs are attached to the treated product, care must be taken in handling hygiene. there were.
[0005]
On the other hand, the heat drying type is a method in which the raw garbage is dried by applying heat of about 100 to 130 ° C., and the daily garbage can be dried and reduced in about 2 to 4 hours. In this system, a type in which a blower fan that blows the heat of the heater, a stirring unit that pulverizes and stirs the garbage, and a deodorizing device for removing odor during processing is generally provided.
[0006]
In the case of the heat drying type, it is possible to process in a short time, and it is not necessary to limit the type of raw garbage to be added, and the processed product is hygienic because germs are significantly reduced or killed, In terms of usage, it is easy to handle. On the other hand, the amount of electricity used is larger than that of the microbial decomposition type, and it is said that an aging period of about 2 weeks is required to use the treated product as an organic fertilizer.
[0007]
The present invention aims to utilize the good part of the above two methods, and provides a garbage processing machine that can produce a treated product that is hygienic and can be effectively used as a fertilizer while reducing the amount of electricity used compared to the heat drying type. The purpose is to do.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the conventional problem, the present invention includes a garbage storage unit, a heating unit for heating the inside of the garbage storage unit, and a control unit for controlling the heating unit, and the control unit is the heating unit. Can be switched between a temperature at which microorganisms in the garbage storage unit are activated and a temperature at which microorganisms in the garbage storage unit are reduced or eliminated, and the set temperature of the heating means is automatically switched. As a signal input, at least one of the signal output of the detection means for detecting the generation amount, concentration, and odor of the gas in the garbage storage unit is used. Fermentation can be promoted so that it can be used immediately as an organic fertilizer even after heat drying.
[0009]
In addition, the processing mode can be automatically switched after a lapse of a certain time, and for example, it can be used by taking advantage of the advantages of the two processing modes, such as sterilization by heat drying at the time when microbial decomposition is almost completed.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a garbage storage unit, a heating unit for heating the inside of the garbage storage unit, and a control unit for controlling the heating unit, and the control unit is configured to set the heating unit. Can be switched between a temperature for activating microorganisms in the garbage storage section and a temperature for reducing or eliminating microorganisms in the garbage storage section, and a signal for automatically switching the set temperature of the heating means The input uses at least one of the signal output of the detection means for detecting the generation amount, concentration, and odor of gas in the garbage storage unit. The garbage treatment by microbial decomposition treatment and the drying by heat drying Processing can be performed while selecting with one device.
[0011]
Therefore, it is possible to reduce the number of germs by heating those decomposed with microorganisms, or to promote fermentation so that it can be used immediately as an organic fertilizer even after heat drying, and by switching the processing mode with one device, It is possible to provide a garbage disposal machine capable of producing a treated product that is hygienic and can be effectively used as a fertilizer while suppressing the amount of electricity used.
[0012]
In addition, the processing mode can be automatically switched after a lapse of a certain time, and for example, it can be used by taking advantage of the advantages of the two processing modes, such as sterilization by heat drying at the time when microbial decomposition is almost completed. In addition, the processing mode can be automatically switched by detecting the state of the gas generated according to the change state of the processed material, and the optimum processing mode is automatically selected according to the progress state. An optimal processed product can be produced without bothering.
[0013]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0014]
(Example 1)
FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a garbage disposal machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of an essential part of the garbage disposal machine.
[0015]
In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 11 denotes a garbage storage unit for introducing garbage. At the upper part of one end of the garbage storage unit 11, an input port 12 for introducing the garbage is formed, and a packing 13 that is in close contact with the lid 42 and seals the garbage storage unit 11 is provided. A ring-shaped heater 14 and a drying fan 15 which is a blowing means provided in the center of the garbage storage unit 11 are attached to the garbage storage unit 11. The drying fan 15 is rotated by a drying motor 16. A planar heater 17 is provided on the bottom surface of the garbage storage unit 11 in contact with the lower part thereof. Furthermore, a rotating shaft 18 that bridges both walls of the garbage storage unit 11 is provided at the center of the garbage storage unit 11, and several stirring blades 19 are arranged at intervals on the rotation shaft 18. is there. A flat surface portion 22 inclined with respect to the rotation direction is formed at the tip of the stirring blade 19, and creates a movement of pushing out the garbage and the processed material in the thrust direction during the rotation. The rotation direction of the rotary shaft 18 is usually reversed about every 1 minute. However, when taking out the processed material in the garbage storage unit 11, the rotary shaft is continuously operated in one direction, and the side wall 23 of the garbage storage unit 11. Extrude to the side. A discharge port 24 is provided in the side wall 23 of the garbage storage unit 11, and a door 25 is opened to discharge the processed material. The discharged processed material falls on the tray 44 and is stored. The tray 44 is detachable, and when it is full, it can be pulled out to take out the processed material. Reference numeral 26 denotes a drive motor for rotating the rotary shaft 18, and the rotational force is transmitted to the rotary shaft 18 by being decelerated by the large and small gears 27 and 28. Reference numeral 29 denotes a chain stretched around the large and small gears 27 and 28.
[0016]
Reference numeral 30 denotes a suction fan which is a ventilation means for sucking out air in the garbage storage unit 11 and is rotated by a suction motor 40. 31 is a catalyst deodorizing device, and 32 is a catalyst heater for heating the catalyst deodorizing device. The catalyst deodorizing device 31 is a device in which fins 41 are spirally wound around the outside of the catalyst heater 32 and a catalyst carrying a catalyst such as platinum is put in a case. The fins 41 are heated by the catalyst heater 32. Thus, the odor passing between the fins 41 is decomposed. The temperature of the fin 41 can be controlled while being detected by a temperature sensor, but in this embodiment, the necessary decomposition performance is maintained by setting the input of the catalyst heater 32 in accordance with the operating state of the main body. Can do.
[0017]
Reference numeral 20 denotes a connecting pipe that connects the garbage storage unit 11 and the catalyst deodorizing device 31. Since the air in the garbage storage unit 11 is sucked out by the suction fan 30, the outside air enters the garbage storage unit 11 through the gap between the discharge port 24 and the lid 25. The flow of air at that time will be described. Air that has entered from the discharge port 24 enters the connecting pipe 20 and is deodorized by the catalyst deodorizing device 31 before being discharged. Since the outside air is sucked from the gap of the discharge port 24, odor leakage from the gap of the discharge port 24 can be prevented. Since the air exhausted by the suction fan 30 is heated by the deodorizing device, an ascending airflow is generated and is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust port 33 provided above the exhaust pipe. A control circuit 35 controls the operation of each means. 36 is a first temperature sensor for controlling the ring heater 14, 37 is a second temperature sensor for controlling the planar heater 17, 38 is a gas sensor which is a detection sensor for detecting gas generated from garbage, and 39 is a raw sensor. This is a humidity sensor that is a detection sensor that detects the wetness of dust and sawdust 34.
[0018]
In the above configuration, sawdust 34 is put in the garbage storage unit 11 in advance as an intervention. The garbage thrown in from the inlet 12 is intermittently stirred together with sawdust 34 by a stirring blade 19 as a stirring means, and in the process, microorganisms attached to the garbage are propagated and decomposed. Sawdust 34 and garbage are heated by the planar heater 17 serving as a heating means and maintained at a constant temperature of about 30 ° C. by a control circuit 35 serving as a control means, so that they are not affected by fluctuations in the outside air temperature. Microorganisms are activated, and one day's worth of garbage is decomposed between 1st and 3rd, and reduced to about 1/10. During the decomposition process, a rotting odor is generated from the garbage, but since the decomposition speed is slow, the amount of the odor is small. In this embodiment, by providing the suction fan 30 for sucking out the steam in the garbage storage unit 11 and the catalyst deodorizing device 31, the odor is sucked and deodorized and then exhausted. There is hardly anything. Further, since the amount of odor is small, the odor can be removed without increasing the suction amount of the suction fan 30 and the input of the catalyst heater 32 for heating the deodorizing device 31, and the planar heater 17 and the drive motor for stirring can be removed. Even when combined with H.26, the amount of electricity used as a device can be reduced.
[0019]
The processed product after the decomposition treatment has been naturally fermented as an organic fertilizer and can be used as it is as an organic fertilizer. However, many microorganisms and germs generated by the decomposition treatment are attached and must be in direct contact. Concern about hygiene. Therefore, in this embodiment, by rotating the drying fan 15 attached to the drying motor 16 at the same time when the set temperature of the planar heater 17 is switched, hot air of about 130 ° C. is diffused in the garbage storage unit 11 and sawdust. 34 and the processed product are heated for about 1 hour. As a result, the treated product becomes high temperature, so that various germs and the like are killed and the amount thereof is greatly reduced. Therefore, the treated product can be stored for a long time as it is because it is hygienic and suppresses the growth of bacteria. At this time, drying can be performed in a shorter time if the direction of the air flow is switched so that the warm air is uniformly distributed in the garbage storage unit 11. Specifically, with respect to the dust at a position away from the drying fan 15, the rotational speed of the drying fan 15 is increased and the amount of air blown is increased so that warm air can reach and the dust at a position near the drying fan 15. On the other hand, reduce the air flow and apply warm air while suppressing the rise of garbage. By repeating this operation while controlling the number of rotations of the drying motor 16, the hot air reaches the garbage in the garbage storage unit 11 uniformly. At this time, not only the rotation speed of the drying motor 16 but also the intermittent operation may be performed, and the air flow may be controlled by changing the operation time.
[0020]
When heating and drying, the number of rotations of the suction motor 40 is increased to increase the amount of suction, and the amount of heat generated by the catalyst heater 32 is increased to improve the decomposition performance of the catalyst deodorizing device 31. As a result, even if the generation of odor due to heating increases, the odor is sucked to the catalyst deodorizing device 31 side and removed, so that no odor is leaked to the outside. In this case, not only the number of rotations of the suction motor 40 may be increased, but the suction amount may be controlled by changing the operation time by intermittent operation.
[0021]
Further, when the stirring blade 19 is also heated and dried, at the same time as switching the set temperature, a longer rotation time is taken to frequently stir the garbage. Therefore, heat drying is performed uniformly, and the processed product is finely pulverized to promote volume reduction. After the processing is completed, the processing blade is pushed out to the other end side by rotating the stirring blade 19 in one direction, and discharged from the discharge port 24 provided on the side wall 23 at the other end. The discharged processed product is accumulated in the tray 44, but there are few germs and it can be stored for a long time, and it can be used as an organic fertilizer at a necessary time.
[0022]
All of the processed material in the garbage storage unit 11 is not discharged, but a certain amount is left and the next garbage is thrown in. When the garbage is put in again, a solution containing microorganisms cultured in advance is added. This solution is ejected from the culture tank 45 by a pump (not shown) or the like, and the microorganisms are sprinkled on the garbage and the processed material. Since the temperature setting is switched to a temperature around 30 ° C. for promoting microbial degradation, the garbage is decomposed.
[0023]
The temperature switching is performed by the gas sensor 38 that detects gas generated from the garbage and the humidity sensor 39 that detects the wetness of the garbage and sawdust 34, and the amount of oxygen that is reduced by the treatment. The state of progress is determined by detecting (which may be detected by a weight sensor), and switching is performed automatically. In addition, the fermentation state is estimated by measuring the operation time and used as a judgment value for setting switching. As a result, the user does not need to manage the progress, and can be processed automatically. The user may select and use the processing temperature setting. Of course, a manual changeover switch (not shown) may be provided, and the user may select and use the processing temperature setting according to the type and amount of dust to be introduced.
[0024]
As described above, according to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
[0025]
According to this embodiment, in the temperature control of the heating means by the control means, the temperature setting for breeding microorganisms in the garbage storage unit and the temperature setting for reducing or eliminating microorganisms in the garbage storage unit are switched. Since it can be processed while selecting garbage treatment by microbial decomposition treatment and drying treatment by heat drying with one device, it is possible to reduce the number of germs by heating those decomposed with microorganisms, even after heat drying Fermentation can be promoted so that it can be used immediately as an organic fertilizer. By switching the processing mode with a single device, it is possible to produce a treated product that is hygienic and can be effectively used as a fertilizer while reducing the amount of electricity used.
[0026]
In addition, since there is a control means for switching the temperature of the garbage storage unit to a temperature setting for activating microorganisms that decompose garbage and a temperature setting for drying the garbage at a temperature exceeding 100 ° C, it is specifically set. The temperature is switched between a temperature around 30 ° C where microorganisms decomposing the garbage are activated and propagated, and a temperature above 100 ° C where the garbage is dried and antibacterial in a short time. It can be used in a short time and can be dried and bacteria can be reduced and killed in a short time.
[0027]
Furthermore, the convenience can be further improved by configuring the functional components as follows.
[0028]
That is, at least one of the set values of the stirring speed, stirring time, stirring stop time, and stirring direction is used using stirring means that stirs the garbage in the garbage storage unit or inclusions mixed with the garbage and used. Mixing conditions are set according to the temperature at which the garbage is decomposed or dried by switching the setting values in conjunction with the temperature setting switching of the garbage storage unit heating means by the control means, and the stirring conditions for optimizing the processing performance Can be automatically switched, the optimum condition can be easily created according to the processing mode, and the processing performance can be further improved.
[0029]
Further, using a blowing means for generating an air flow in the garbage storage unit, at least one set value among the setting values of the blowing amount, the blowing time, the blowing stop time, and the blowing direction is stored by the control means. By switching in conjunction with the temperature setting switching of the section heating means, it is possible to automatically switch the air blowing conditions to optimize the processing performance according to the temperature at which the garbage is decomposed or dried. Optimal conditions can be easily created according to the mode, and further processing performance can be improved.
[0030]
Moreover, the ventilation means for ventilating the inside of the garbage storage unit is used, and at least one set value among the set values of the blowing amount, the blowing time, the blowing stop time, and the blowing direction is heated by the control unit. By switching in conjunction with the temperature setting switching of the means, it is possible to automatically switch the ventilation conditions to optimize the processing performance according to the temperature at which the garbage is decomposed or dried, so the processing mode In addition, optimum conditions can be easily created, and further processing performance can be improved.
[0031]
In addition, by using a deodorizing device that reduces or eliminates odor generated from the garbage storage unit, the deodorizing ability is switched by the control means in conjunction with the temperature setting switching of the garbage storage unit heating means. It can automatically switch the decomposition performance of odor generated during processing according to the temperature to decompose or dry, and it can be made to exhibit the required decomposition performance according to the processing mode, reducing odor generation, In addition, waste of electricity usage can be eliminated.
[0032]
In addition, by providing switching means such as a changeover switch that can arbitrarily change the temperature setting of the garbage heating means, the user can freely select the processing method according to the purpose, and one device suits the purpose of use. It is possible to arbitrarily use the processing method.
[0033]
In addition, if the signal output of the timer device that measures the operation time is used as a signal input for automatically switching the temperature setting of the garbage heating means, the processing mode can be automatically switched after a certain period of time, For example, it can be used by taking advantage of the advantages of the two processing modes, such as sterilization by heat drying at the time when microbial degradation is almost completed.
[0034]
In addition, if the signal output of the detection means for detecting any of the amount, concentration or odor of gas in the garbage storage unit is used as a signal input for automatically switching the temperature setting of the garbage heating means, The processing mode can be switched automatically by detecting the state of the gas generated according to the state of change, and the optimum processing mode is automatically selected according to the progress state, so there is no trouble. An optimal treatment can be made.
[0035]
In addition, as a signal input for automatically switching the temperature setting of the garbage heating means, either the garbage in the garbage storage unit or the humidity or moisture content of inclusions mixed with garbage is used. By using the signal output of the detecting means, the humidity or moisture content in the garbage storage unit can be detected, and the processing mode can be automatically switched according to the change state of the processed material. Since the optimum processing mode can be automatically selected, an optimum processed product can be produced without bothering hands.
[0036]
Also, detection to detect either the garbage in the garbage storage unit or the weight or capacity of inclusions mixed with garbage as a signal input for automatically switching the temperature setting of the garbage heating means By using the signal output of the means, the weight or capacity of the processed material in the garbage storage unit can be detected, and the processing mode can be automatically switched according to the change state of the processed material. Accordingly, since an optimum processing mode can be automatically selected, an optimum processed product can be produced without bothering hands.
[0037]
(Example 2)
FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of a garbage disposal machine in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Since the basic configuration of the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals and descriptions other than those necessary for the description are omitted, and differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described.
[0038]
The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a guide plate 46 and a partition plate 47 are provided in the present embodiment. Thereby, the garbage storage unit 11 can be divided into a heat drying treatment tank 48 and a microbial decomposition treatment tank 49. Note that the garbage pushed up by the flat plate 22 by the rotation of the stirring blade 19 can be moved back and forth between the heat drying treatment tank 48 and the microbial decomposition treatment tank 49 according to the rotation direction of the stirring blade 19. Yes.
[0039]
In this embodiment, the input garbage is dried by heating to 50 to 80%, preferably 60 to 70% of the completely dried state (moisture content 0%), and then the treated product is transferred to the microbial decomposition tank. Then, it is fermented with microorganisms. Garbage that has been reduced in a short time by heating and drying can be processed in a short time because it is decomposed relatively quickly in a microbial decomposition tank, and can be used as an organic fertilizer because fermentation is progressing. Here, the reason why the degree of drying of the garbage is 50 to 80% is that if it is less than 50%, it takes too much processing time. It is difficult to use as it is as an organic fertilizer.
[0040]
Therefore, it is possible to process the garbage and create the organic fertilizer in a shorter time than in Example 1. Of course, it is possible to return to the heat-drying treatment tank 48 once again and perform a treatment for reducing germs to improve the hygiene.
[0041]
As described above, according to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
[0042]
In other words, since it has a culture layer for cultivating microorganisms for decomposing the garbage and a moving means for supplying the microorganisms from the culture layer to the garbage storage unit for introducing the garbage, Microorganisms can be introduced so as to be switched to the decomposition process, and the two processing modes can be switched efficiently.
[0043]
Furthermore, convenience can be improved by doing as follows.
[0044]
In the garbage storage section, a temperature setting section for breeding microorganisms and a temperature setting section for reducing or eliminating microorganisms are provided, and garbage disposal by microbial decomposition treatment and drying treatment by heat drying are simultaneously processed by one device. It is possible to reduce the number of germs by heating what has been decomposed with microorganisms, or to promote fermentation so that it can be used immediately as organic fertilizer even after heat drying. By processing in combination, it is possible to process in a short time, and to produce a processed product that is hygienic and can be effectively used as a fertilizer while suppressing the amount of electricity used.
[0045]
Also, by using a temperature setting tank for breeding microorganisms and a temperature setting tank for reducing or eliminating microorganisms in the garbage storage unit, the processing tanks for performing the two processing methods can be completely separated. By using the two processing modes in combination with the apparatus and storing them in their respective states, it is possible to take out the processed material of either processing method at any time.
[0046]
In addition, a temperature setting section or a tank for propagating microorganisms and a temperature setting section or a tank for reducing or eliminating microorganisms are provided, and by providing a moving means for moving a processed material between the two sections or the tank. , Since the processed product can be moved through alternate compartments or tanks so that the processed product can be further processed by another processing method after one of the processing methods has passed, the one decomposed with microorganisms can be heated. Various bacteria can be reduced, fermentation can be promoted so that it can be used immediately as an organic fertilizer even after heat drying, and a processed product that can be effectively used as a fertilizer can be created in a short time.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a garbage processing machine capable of producing a processed product that is hygienic and can be effectively used as a fertilizer while suppressing the amount of electricity used as compared with the heat drying type.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a garbage processing machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of a main part of the garbage processing machine. Front sectional view [Explanation of symbols]
11 Garbage storage 15 Drying fan (air blowing means)
17 Planar heater (heating means)
19 Stirrer blade (stirring means)
30 Suction fan (ventilation means)
31 Catalyst deodorization equipment (deodorization equipment)
34 Sawdust (intervention)
35 Control circuit (control means)
38 Gas sensor (detection sensor)
39 Humidity sensor (detection sensor)
45 Culture tank

Claims (1)

  A garbage storage section; heating means for heating the inside of the garbage storage section; and control means for controlling the heating means. The control means activates microorganisms in the garbage storage section by setting the heating means. Generation of gas in the garbage storage unit as a signal input for automatically switching the set temperature of the heating means and the temperature for reducing or eliminating microorganisms in the garbage storage unit A garbage processing machine configured to use at least one of signal outputs of detection means for detecting amount, concentration, and odor.

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