KR20020019227A - An apparatus for mushroom growing by qarmenting organic waste - Google Patents

An apparatus for mushroom growing by qarmenting organic waste Download PDF

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KR20020019227A
KR20020019227A KR1020000052389A KR20000052389A KR20020019227A KR 20020019227 A KR20020019227 A KR 20020019227A KR 1020000052389 A KR1020000052389 A KR 1020000052389A KR 20000052389 A KR20000052389 A KR 20000052389A KR 20020019227 A KR20020019227 A KR 20020019227A
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fermentation
mushroom cultivation
chamber
mushroom
room
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KR1020000052389A
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Korean (ko)
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KR100354345B1 (en
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오완호
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오완호
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
    • A01G18/69—Arrangements for managing the environment, e.g. sprinklers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24V—COLLECTION, PRODUCTION OR USE OF HEAT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F24V30/00—Apparatus or devices using heat produced by exothermal chemical reactions other than combustion

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided are a method and the facility growing mushrooms using fermentation of organic waste. The method treats the food waste at home or in the industry at once and at low cost, taking advantage of the heat and the moisture of the fermentation treatment to grow edible mushroom. CONSTITUTION: The device comprises: an iron net(1) dividing a fermentation room(2) and a mushroom growing room(3); a screw mixing equipment(4) with a decelerator(5) in the above fermentation room(2) which slowly revolves and mixes organic wastes with enzyme, dry saw dust or fallen leaves and moisture controling agent for fermentation; the above screw mixing equipment(4) having a hole in the middle of the axis and having several discharging holes(7) of hot air around the above axis so that warm and moist outside air is drawn to a fan(9) through a hood(8) and is sent to the above fermentation room(2) though above discharging holes(7) of the screw mixing equipment(4); the above mushroom growing room(3) having cotton(10) or mud pan at the bottom and a cover(11) so that when the cover(11) is open, the tree or straws(12) innoculated by the mushroom strain can be put; and a ventilation tube(13) with deodorizing agent(14) on the top of the cover(11) to let the air go outside.

Description

유기성 폐기물의 발효를 이용한 버섯재배장치 및 방법{An apparatus for mushroom growing by qarmenting organic waste}An apparatus for mushroom growing by qarmenting organic waste}

본 발명은 버섯을 재배하는 장치 및 방법에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 음식물쓰레기와 같은 유기성 폐기물을 미생물을 이용하여 발효시키고 발효중에 발생하는 열과 수분으로 버섯을 재배하는 장치 및 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for growing mushrooms, and more particularly, to an apparatus and method for fermenting organic waste such as food waste using microorganisms and growing mushrooms with heat and moisture generated during fermentation.

종래에는 심각한 환경문제를 유발하는 음식물쓰레기 등의 유기성 폐기물을 처리하기 위하여 유기성 폐기물을 고온건조하거나 발효처리하여 사료화 또는 퇴비화하였으나 각 가정이나 업소에서 배출되는 소량의 음식물쓰레기 등을 분리,수거하여 모아두는 것이 어렵고 각 가정이나 업소에서 비싼 건조장치나 발효장치를 구입할 수도 없어서 대부분의 음식물쓰레기 등이 그대로 버려지는 실정이었고, 상기 음식물쓰레기 등을 건조시키거나 발효시키는 장치에 있어서도 장치에 사용되는 열이 외부로 그대로 방출되어 열 손실이 많고 많은 연료비가 소요되는 문제점이 있었다.Conventionally, in order to treat organic wastes such as food wastes that cause serious environmental problems, organic wastes are dried or fermented at high temperature for feed or composting, but a small amount of food wastes discharged from each household or business is collected and collected. It is difficult to buy expensive drying equipment or fermentation equipment in each home or business, so most food wastes are discarded as they are.In the apparatus for drying or fermenting food wastes, the heat used in the equipment remains outside. There is a problem that the heat is lost and a lot of fuel costs are emitted.

한편 버섯을 재배하기 위하여는 적정한 온도와 습도를 유지하여야 하는등 버섯의 성장조건에 맞는 환경을 조성하여 주어야 하므로 제안된 장소에서만 재배되고 있는 실정이었다.On the other hand, in order to grow mushrooms, it is necessary to create an environment suitable for mushroom growth conditions such as maintaining proper temperature and humidity.

본 발명은 이러한 문제점을 해소하고자 하는 것으로 저렴하고 연료비가 최소화되는 장치를 각 가정이나 업소에 보급하여 오염물질을 오염물질의 발생원에서 자체적으로 처리할 수 있도록 하고 오염물질을 발효처리하는 과정에서 발생하는 열과 수분으로 식용버섯을 재배하여 경제적 이익도 얻을 수 있도록 하는데 목적이 있다.The present invention is to solve this problem is to supply a device inexpensive and minimize the fuel cost to each home or business to be able to process the pollutant itself from the source of the pollutant and to generate the pollutant in the process of fermentation The purpose is to cultivate edible mushrooms with heat and moisture so as to obtain economic benefits.

이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명에서는 음식물쓰레기 등의 유기성 폐기물 발효처리장치를 철망으로 발효실과 버섯재배실로 분리하여 발효실에 음식물쓰레기, 발효를 위한 효소, 톱밥이나 낙엽 등의 수분조절재를 넣고 스크류식 혼합장치로 혼합하여 발효시키고, 발효중에 발생된 열과 수분이 철망을 통해 버섯재배실로 보내져 버섯재배실이 온기가 있는 다습한 환경이 되도록 하여 버섯재배실에 버섯종균이 배양된 나무나 짚단을 놓아 버섯을 재배할 수 있도록 하되 버섯재배실의 수분이 쉽게 증발되는 것을 방지하기 위하여 버섯재배실에 목화솜이나 점토판을 놓아 목화솜이나 점토판이 수분을 흡수하도록 하여 수분조절작용을 하도록 하며, 스크류식 혼합장치는 축의 중앙에 구멍을 뚫고 다수 개의 열풍배출구멍을 천공하여 버섯재배실이나 발효실의 온도가 일정온도 이하일 경우 외부로부터 따뜻한 공기를 스크류식 혼합장치의 축에 천공된 구멍을 통해 발효실에 공급하여 발효에 필요한 온도와 산소를 공급 할 수 있도록 하고, 버섯재배실의 공기는 외부로 배출되기 전에 활성탄이나 제올라이트 등의 탈취제에 의해 악취가 제거된 후 배출되도록 하여 가정이나 업소에서도 본 발명의 음식물쓰레기 발효를 이용한 버섯재배장치의 사용이 가능하도록 하는데 특징이 있다.In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, organic waste fermentation processing apparatus such as food waste is separated into a fermentation chamber and a mushroom cultivation chamber with a wire mesh, and food waste, enzyme for fermentation, enzymes for fermentation, sawdust or fallen leaves, and screw type Mix and ferment by mixing device, heat and moisture generated during fermentation are sent to mushroom cultivation room through wire mesh so that mushroom cultivation room becomes a humid environment with warmth. In order to prevent the water from being easily evaporated in the mushroom cultivation room, the cotton wool or clay plate is placed in the mushroom cultivation room so that the cotton wool or clay board absorbs the water to control the moisture, and the screw type mixing device Drill a hole in the center of the shaft and drill a plurality of hot air discharge holes. If the temperature of the fermentation chamber is below a certain temperature, warm air from the outside is supplied to the fermentation chamber through the hole drilled in the shaft of the screw type mixing device to supply the temperature and oxygen necessary for the fermentation. It is characterized in that the mushroom cultivation apparatus using the food waste fermentation of the present invention can be used in homes and businesses so that the odor is removed after deodorizing agents such as activated carbon or zeolite before being discharged.

도 1은 본 발명을 설명하기 위한 단면도1 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the present invention

도 2는 도 1의 A-A 단면도2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG.

도 3은 본 발명의 구성요소인 스크류식 혼합장치를 설명하기 위한 개략도Figure 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining the screw-type mixing device as a component of the present invention

〈도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명〉<Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing>

1. 철망 2. 발효실1. Wire Mesh 2. Fermentation Room

3. 버섯재배실 4. 혼합장치3. Mushroom Cultivation Room 4. Mixing Equipment

5. 감속기 6. 구멍5. reducer 6. hole

7. 열풍배출구멍 8. 후드7. Hot air outlet hole 8. Hood

9. 송풍기 10. 목화솜9. Blower 10. Cotton wool

11. 버섯재배실덮개 12. 버섯종균이 배양된 나무나 집단11. Mushroom cultivation cover 12. A tree or a group of mushroom spawns

13. 통풍관 14. 탈취제13. Uptake 14. Deodorant

15. 힌지 16. 폐기물 투입구15. Hinges 16. Waste Inlet

17. 폐기물 투입구의 덮개 18. 주방용 조리기구17. Cover of waste inlet 18. Cooking utensils

본 발명을 도면에 의하여 설명하면 다음과 같다.The present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

본 발명의 장치는 철망(1)에 의하여 발효실(2)과 버섯재배실(3)로 분리되어 있고, 이 발효실(2)에는 스크류식 혼합장치(4)가 설치되어 감속기(5)에 의하여 회전하면서 음식물쓰레기 등의 유기성 폐기물, 발효를 위한 효소, 마른 톱밥이나 낙엽 등의 수분조절재를 섞어줄 수 있도록 되어 있는데 스크류식 혼합장치(4)는 축의중앙에 구멍(6)이 뚫여있는 중공축으로 되어 있으며 축 주위에 다수 개의 열풍배출구멍(7)이 천공되어 있어 발효실(2)이나 버섯재배실(3)의 온도가 일정온도 이하로 떨어지면 주방에서 음식물 조리시에 발생한 따뜻하고 다습한 공기나 외부의 따뜻한 공기를 후드(8)를 통해 송풍기(9)로 흡입하여 스크류식 혼합장치(4)의 열풍배출구멍(7)을 통해 발효실(2)에 공급할 수 있도록 되어 있고, 버섯재배실(3)에는 목화솜(10)이나 점토로 된 판 등이 놓여있어 발효실(2)로부터 철망(1)을 통해 버섯재배실(3)에 공급된 열과 수분이 쉽게 외부로 방출되거나 증발되지 않도록 되어 있으며 상부에 버섯재배실덮개(11)가 설치되어 버섯재배실덮개(11)를 열면 버섯재배실(3)에 버섯종균이 배양된 나무나 짚단(12)을 넣을 수 있도록 되어 있고, 버섯재배실덮개(11)에는 상부에 통풍관(13)이 구비되어 버섯재배실(3)의 공기가 외부로 나가도록 되어 있는데 통풍관(13)의 중앙에는 활성탄이나 제올라이트와 같은 탈취제(14)가 들어있어 외부로 배출되는 공기의 악취가 제거되도록 되어 있다.The apparatus of the present invention is separated into a fermentation chamber (2) and a mushroom cultivation chamber (3) by a wire mesh (1), and the screw type mixing device (4) is installed in the fermentation chamber (2) and rotated by a reducer (5). In addition, organic wastes such as food waste, enzymes for fermentation, and moisture control materials such as dry sawdust or fallen leaves can be mixed. The screw mixing device (4) is a hollow shaft with a hole (6) in the center of the shaft. When the temperature of the fermentation chamber (2) or mushroom cultivation chamber (3) drops below a certain temperature, a plurality of hot air discharge holes (7) are drilled around the shaft. The hot air is sucked into the blower 9 through the hood 8 so as to be supplied to the fermentation chamber 2 through the hot air discharge hole 7 of the screw type mixing apparatus 4, and the mushroom cultivation chamber 3 Place cotton balls (10) or clay plates The heat and moisture supplied from the fermentation chamber (2) to the mushroom cultivation chamber (3) through the wire mesh (1) is not easily released to the outside or evaporated, the mushroom cultivation chamber cover (11) is installed at the top Opening (11) to the mushroom cultivation room (3) to put the mushroom seed spawn cultured trees or straw (12), the mushroom cultivation room cover (11) is provided with a ventilation pipe (13) at the top mushroom cultivation The air of the chamber 3 is to go out, but the deodorant 14 such as activated carbon or zeolite is contained in the center of the vent pipe 13 to remove the odor of the air discharged to the outside.

본 발명의 장치는 내부의 공기가 통풍관(13)을 통해서만 외부로 나아가 악취가 발생되지 않도록 통풍관(13)을 제외한 부분은 밀폐형으로 제작하고, 발효실(2)과 버섯재배실(3)은 단열이 이루어지도록 하는 것이 바람직하며, 발효실(2)과 버섯재배실(3)은 청소 및 수리가 쉽도록 분리, 결합이 간단한 체결방식을 사용함으로써 발효실(2)과 버섯재배실(3)이 분리되도록 하고, 발효실(2)의 형상은 음식물쓰레기 등이 잘 섞이도록 반원형으로 하는 것이 좋다.In the apparatus of the present invention, the air inside the outside only through the ventilation pipes 13 to go outside to produce no odor is produced in the part except the ventilation pipes 13, the fermentation chamber (2) and mushroom cultivation room (3) It is preferable to insulate the fermentation chamber (2) and the mushroom cultivation chamber (3) to separate the fermentation chamber (2) and the mushroom cultivation chamber (3) by using a fastening method that is simple to separate and combine for easy cleaning and repair. The shape of the fermentation chamber 2 may be semicircular so that food waste and the like are mixed well.

본 발명의 작용을 음식물쓰레기를 처리하는 것으로 설명하면 다음과 같다.Referring to the operation of the present invention to treat food waste as follows.

발효실(2)에 음식물쓰레기, 발효를 위한 효소, 마른 톱밥이나 낙엽과 같은수분조절재를 넣고 스크류식 혼합장치(4)를 회전시켜 상기 물질들을 혼합하면 음식물쓰레기가 가지고 있던 수분을 마른 톱밥이나 낙엽과 같은 수분조절재가 흡수하여 혼합물이 적당한 수분을 가지게 되고 발효되면서 혼합물이 미생물에 의하여 분해되는데 이 과정에서 열과 수분이 발생한다.Food waste, enzymes for fermentation, moisture control materials such as dry sawdust or fallen leaves are placed in the fermentation chamber (2), and the screw mixing device (4) is rotated to mix the above substances. Moisture control material, such as absorbed by the mixture to have a suitable moisture and fermentation, the mixture is broken down by microorganisms, heat and moisture is generated in the process.

발효실에서 발생된 열과 수분은 철망(1)을 통해 상부의 버섯재배실(3)로 보내지는데 목화솜(10)이나 점토판에 수분이 흡수되어 수분이 단시간에 말라버리는 것이 방지되고 버섯재배실(3)은 따뜻하고 다습한 환경이 된다.Heat and moisture generated in the fermentation chamber are sent to the mushroom cultivation chamber (3) at the upper portion through the wire mesh (1), and moisture is absorbed by cotton wool (10) or clay plate to prevent moisture from drying out in a short time. ) Becomes a warm and humid environment.

또한 발효실(2)이나 버섯재배실(3)의 온도가 유기성 폐기물의 발효나 버섯의 재배에 적합하지 않은 온도 이하일 경우 송풍기(9)로 외부의 따뜻한 공기를 흡입하여 스크류식 혼합장치(4)를 통해 발효실(2)에 따뜻한 외부공기를 공급함으로써 유기성 폐기물의 발효에 적당한 온도와 산소 및 버섯의 재배에 적당한 온도를 유지할 수 있으며, 음식물 조리시에 발생하는 폐열과 다습한 공기를 공급할 수도 있다.In addition, when the temperature of the fermentation chamber (2) or mushroom cultivation chamber (3) is below the temperature which is not suitable for fermentation of organic waste or cultivation of mushrooms, a blower (9) sucks the external warm air to provide a screw-type mixing device (4). By supplying warm external air to the fermentation chamber (2) through it can maintain a temperature suitable for fermentation of organic waste and a temperature suitable for the cultivation of oxygen and mushrooms, it is also possible to supply the waste heat and humid air generated during food cooking.

한편 본 고안을 종래의 발효장치에도 적용할 수 있도록 종래 발효장치의 통풍관에 버섯재배실(3)이 있는 장치를 연결하여 발효시에 발생하는 따뜻하고 다습한 공기가 버섯재배실(3)을 통과한 후 외부로 배출되도록 할 수도 있다.Meanwhile, the present invention can also be applied to a conventional fermentation apparatus by connecting a device having a mushroom cultivation chamber (3) to the ventilation pipe of the conventional fermentation apparatus, and warm and humid air generated during fermentation passes through the mushroom cultivation chamber (3). It can also be discharged to outside.

미설명 부호 15는 힌지이고 16은 유기성 폐기물을 투입하는 폐기물 투입구이며 17은 폐기물 투입구의 덮개이고 18은 주방용 조리기구이다.Reference numeral 15 is a hinge, 16 is a waste inlet for introducing organic waste, 17 is a cover of the waste inlet, and 18 is a kitchen cooking utensil.

본 발명에 의하면 음식물쓰레기 등의 유기성 폐기물을 미생물을 이용하여 발효시켜 처리할 수 있고 유기성 폐기물의 발효를 통해 식용버섯을 재배할 수 있는장치를 제공함으로써 각 가정이나 업소에서 폐기물이 발생되는 대로 그때그때 처리비용을 최소화하면서 직접처리할 수 있으며, 처리과정중에 발생되는 열과 수분으로 식용버섯을 재배함으로써 경제적 이익도 얻을 수 있는 특징이 있다.According to the present invention, it is possible to ferment organic wastes such as food waste by treating them with microorganisms, and provide a device that can grow edible mushrooms through fermentation of organic wastes. It can be processed directly while minimizing the processing cost, and economic benefits can be obtained by growing edible mushrooms with heat and moisture generated during the processing.

Claims (2)

철망(1)에 의하여 발효실(2)과 버섯재배실(3)로 분리되어 있고, 이 발효실(2)에는 스크류식 혼합장치(4)가 설치되어 감속기(5)에 의하여 회전하면서 유기성 폐기물을 발효를 위한 효소 및 마른 톱밥이나 낙엽 등의 수분조절재와 섞어줄 수 있도록 되어 있는데 스크류식 혼합장치(4)는 축의 중앙에 구멍(6)이 뚫여있는 중공축으로 되어 있으며 축 주위에 다수 개의 열풍배출구멍(7)이 천공되어 있어 따뜻하고 다습한 외부공기를 후드(8)를 통해 송풍기(9)로 흡입하여 스크류식 혼합장치(4)의 열풍배출구멍(7)을 통해 발효실(2)에 공급할 수 있도록 되어 있고, 버섯재배실(3)에는 목화솜(10)이나 점토판 등이 놓여있으며 상부에 버섯재배실덮개(11)가 설치되어 버섯재배실덮개(11)를 열면 버섯재배실(3)에 버섯종균이 배양된 나무나 짚단(12)을 넣을 수 있도록 되어 있고, 버섯재배실덮개(11)에는 상부에 통풍관(13)이 구비되어 버섯재배실(3)의 공기가 외부로 나가도록 되어 있는데 통풍관(13)의 중앙에는 탈취제(14)가 들어있는 것을 특징으로 하는 유기성 폐기물의 발효를 이용한 버섯재배장치.The fermentation chamber (2) and the mushroom cultivation chamber (3) are separated by the wire mesh (1), and the screw type mixing device (4) is installed in the fermentation chamber (2) and the organic waste is fermented while rotating by the reducer (5). It is designed to be mixed with enzymes and moisture control materials such as dry sawdust or fallen leaves. The screw type mixing device (4) is a hollow shaft with a hole (6) in the center of the shaft. The hole 7 is perforated so that warm and humid external air can be sucked into the blower 9 through the hood 8 and supplied to the fermentation chamber 2 through the hot air discharge hole 7 of the screw type mixing device 4. In the mushroom cultivation room (3), cotton cotton (10) or clay plate, etc. are placed, and the mushroom cultivation room cover (11) is installed on the top, and the mushroom cultivation room cover (11) is opened in the mushroom cultivation room (3). To put the mushroom seedlings cultured wood or straw bales (12), The mushroom cultivation chamber cover 11 is provided with a ventilation tube 13 at the upper part to allow the air of the mushroom cultivation chamber 3 to go out, but the deodorant 14 is contained in the center of the ventilation tube 13. Mushroom cultivation apparatus using the fermentation of organic waste. 버섯의 재배방법에 있어서, 발효실(2)과 버섯재배실(3)로 분리되어 있는데 발효실에서 발생하는 열과 수분이 버섯재배실(3)에 전달될 수 있도록 되어있는 장치의 버섯재배실(3)에 버섯종균이 배양된 나무나 집단(12)을 넣고 발효실(2)에서 유기성 폐기물을 미생물을 통해 발효시켜 발효시에 발생되는 열과 수분을 버섯재배실(3)에 공급하되 발효실(2)과 버섯재배실(3)의 온도와 습도가 일정한 기준이하일 경우 발효실에 외부의 따뜻하고 습한 공기를 송풍하여 발효실(2)과 버섯재배실(3)의 온도와 습도를 일정하게 유지하여 재배하는 것을 특징으로 하는 유기성 폐기물의 발효를 이용한 버섯 재배방법.In the mushroom cultivation method, it is divided into a fermentation chamber (2) and a mushroom cultivation chamber (3), wherein the mushroom cultivation chamber (3) of the apparatus, which allows heat and moisture generated in the fermentation chamber to be transferred to the mushroom cultivation chamber (3). Put the wood or group (12) cultured mushroom spawn in the fermentation chamber (2) and ferment the organic waste through the microorganisms to supply the heat and moisture generated during fermentation to the mushroom cultivation room (3), but the fermentation chamber (2) and mushroom If the temperature and humidity of the cultivation room (3) is below a certain standard, it is characterized by cultivating by keeping the temperature and humidity of the fermentation room (2) and mushroom cultivation room (3) constant by blowing external warm and humid air to the fermentation room Mushroom cultivation method using fermentation of organic waste.
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KR100852024B1 (en) * 2007-04-02 2008-08-13 전영남 Drier for organic waste treatment using thermal wind
KR100972755B1 (en) * 2009-07-01 2010-07-28 김태영 Microbiological culture device

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KR100451626B1 (en) * 2001-10-15 2004-10-08 김경원 The method for process and stock raising of apparatus

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JPS58190366A (en) * 1982-04-28 1983-11-07 Kibun Kk Soybean heating apparatus for preparation of soya milk
JPH07102325B2 (en) * 1987-08-31 1995-11-08 株式会社佐竹製作所 Rice grain humidifier
KR960009525U (en) * 1994-08-12 1996-03-16 Grounding terminal structure of monitor
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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KR100852024B1 (en) * 2007-04-02 2008-08-13 전영남 Drier for organic waste treatment using thermal wind
KR100972755B1 (en) * 2009-07-01 2010-07-28 김태영 Microbiological culture device

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