JP3124698B2 - Organic waste treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to garbage and marine products, seaweeds, starfish, cut grass, and the like generated at homes and restaurants.
The present invention relates to an organic waste treatment apparatus that continuously decomposes, ferments, and dehydrates various unnecessary organic wastes such as weeds, wood chips, sawdust, straw, and the like, and appropriately dry them.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, municipalities generally collect organic waste such as garbage generated at home and the like, and treat it by incineration and landfill. However, such a treatment method requires not only a large incineration facility cost, a facility cost for treating combustion gas and odor, a personnel cost, and the like, but also a restriction on a landfill site. In addition, in each household or the like, the organic waste must be stored until the day when the local government collects the organic waste, and sealing work for deodorization and the like is troublesome. Therefore, it is desired that each household or the like treat organic waste.

Conventionally, in order to treat organic waste at home or the like, the organic waste is pulverized by a disposer or the like, or the organic waste put in a treatment tank is transferred by a screw and compressed, or the organic waste is centrifuged. Things were being dehydrated.

[0004] In other countries, for example, kitchen garbage generated at home is crushed by a disposer and is discharged into a sewer. However, in Japan, sewage pipes are not only thin and may be clogged, but the absolute capacity of sewage treatment capacity is insufficient, and in some areas, sewage facilities are not widely used. Can not be adopted. Even if the above-mentioned treatment method is adopted, garbage generated at home is several times higher in nutrients than human waste, that is, carbohydrates such as starch, protein,
Because of its fat content, Japan, which has a high population density, has a problem in that if it is discharged into rivers, lakes, or the sea, it will contaminate them.
Therefore, even if the organic waste is pulverized, compressed, or dehydrated as described above, in the end, the municipal government has to rely on the refuse disposal, saving labor, reducing the cost of the municipal waste, preventing air pollution, etc. Can not contribute to.

In order to solve the above problems, in recent years,
Various types of processing apparatuses have been proposed in which organic waste is decomposed, fermented, and dehydrated by microorganisms, and dried to be turned into fertilizer. In order to decompose and ferment organic waste using microorganisms, it is important to adjust the water and temperature to an appropriate level. A method of drying with an electric heater or the like to reduce water from the material, a method of blowing hot air onto organic waste while stirring the decomposed and fermented organic waste with stirring blades rotated by driving a motor, or a heat pump type There is a method of dehumidifying and drying with a dehumidifier or the like.

[0006]

However, in any of the above-mentioned conventional systems, a power source is required and cannot be installed in a place where an outdoor power source cannot be used. receive. In addition, since the motor is driven continuously or at regular intervals regardless of day and night, power consumption is increased particularly in winter, resulting in an increase in cost. In particular, when a motor is used, it causes noise at night.

On the other hand, if the organic waste contains too much water, it emits offensive odors and pests, and fermentation or maturation is not sufficient, which may harm plants and the like. Not only cannot it be used directly as fertilizer, but it is heavy and inconvenient to handle. Therefore,
It is necessary to dehydrate and dry organic waste, but if it is excessively dehydrated and dried, water shortage decomposes organic waste,
Since they cannot be fermented, they cannot be used as fertilizers and poorly fermented dry organic wastes cause various obstacles to plants. In particular, in the solid fractionation process, the water is adjusted almost uniformly in a state where the organic waste immediately after introduction, the organic waste being decomposed, and the organic fertilizer are mixed, and the microorganisms are efficiently grown. Decompose organic waste,
It is difficult to ferment.

Further, when heating means such as a heater is used,
Since high-temperature exhaust gas flows out, it cannot be used indoors especially in summer, and even if used outdoors, it may die if high-temperature exhaust gas is blown directly on trees, etc. Constrained by location.

The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems. By effectively utilizing solar energy as a power source, it is possible to treat organic waste without being restricted by locations. Therefore, the convenience of use can be improved, and the economic efficiency can be improved. In addition, the organic waste can be effectively and appropriately dried and used as fertilizer as it is. Therefore, the present invention provides an organic waste treatment apparatus capable of facilitating handling, and, in addition to the above-mentioned objects, can reduce the amount of organic waste after being input without requiring an extra energy device as much as possible. By dehydrating to reduce the volume, and arranging the organic waste from the discharge port side toward the input port side in the oldest order, the continuous processing of a large amount of organic waste is performed at once. It can, therefore, economically decomposed, it is an object to provide an organic waste treatment apparatus by accelerated to be able to efficiently handle the fermentation.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems The technical means of the present invention for achieving the above object is to provide a processing apparatus body which decomposes, ferments, and dehydrates organic waste by using microorganisms, and performs appropriate drying treatment. A solar cell that converts the radiant energy of sunlight into electric energy and uses it as a power source of the processing apparatus main body. The processing apparatus main body is provided in an outer box and the outer box, and organic waste is removed by microorganisms. Processing means for decomposing, fermenting, dehydrating, and discharging the processed material from an outlet, and a processed material storage provided in the outer box so that the outlet of the processing means is opened, and having an inlet and an outlet. And a processing body which is housed in the processing object storage chamber so as to be able to be taken out and accommodates the processing object discharged from the processing means, and has an air-permeable housing, and is driven by a solar cell. And et intake, in which a suction and exhaust means for exhausting from the exhaust port.

As the processing means in the above technical means,
It has an input port and a drain port for organic waste etc. on the upper and lower sides of one end, and has a discharge port for the processed material on the lower side of the other end, and the drain port side is lower than the drain port side. A processing container having a circular cross section having an inclined surface as positioned, and rotatably supported in the processing container, and, along with the rotation, discharging the organic waste input into the processing container from the input port to the discharge port. A transfer screw for transferring the transfer screw to the side and rotating means for rotating the transfer screw are provided, and the charging port can be opened to the outside of the outer box.

[0012] The transfer screw in the above technical means may be provided with a turning blade for turning the transferred organic waste in place of the screw blade in the intermediate portion.

[0013] The transfer screw in the above technical means has a plurality of partition plates radially on the discharge port side, and sequentially rotates the partition chambers partitioned in the processing container by the partition plates with the rotation. Can be opened to the exit.

In the above technical means, the outer box has a liquid storage chamber, and a liquid storage container for storing the liquid discharged from the liquid discharge port of the processing means can be removably stored in the liquid storage chamber.

[0015] In the middle part of the processing container in the above-mentioned technical means, there can be provided an inlet for selectively introducing a deodorant, a microbial material, a moisture regulator and the like from the outside, and an opening / closing lid therefor.

In the above technical means, the storage body can be supported from the bottom so as to be permeable, and the storage body is made of synthetic fiber, synthetic resin flat yarn, natural fiber or the like and has air permeability. Using a bag made of woven fabric,
Preferably, at least one of the inner surface of the outer box and the outer surface of the processing means is covered with a heat insulating material.

[0017]

According to the present invention constructed as described above, the organic waste is decomposed, fermented, and dehydrated by the microorganisms in the main body of the treatment apparatus, and the organic waste is appropriately dried.
Since a solar cell that converts radiant energy of sunlight into electric energy is used as a power source, there is no place restriction. Further, the organic waste processed by the processing means is stored in a breathable storage body which is removably stored in the processing storage chamber, and the air intake and exhaust means of the processing storage chamber is driven by a solar cell driven air intake and exhaust means. By introducing warm, low humidity air during the day and discharging the humid air, the processed material in the storage can be dried appropriately, matured as organic fertilizer, and the growth of plants etc. The generation of microorganisms that are harmful to plants and emit a bad smell can be suppressed and the treatment can be performed effectively.

In use, humus is charged into the processing vessel from the charging port, and the transfer screw is rotated by the rotating means to transfer the humus to the front of the processing vessel. Unnecessary organic waste is put into the container, and the organic waste in the processing container adheres to the mulch by rotating the transfer screw to transfer the organic waste to the front of the processing container as described above. Degradation starts from proteins and sugars due to microorganisms that are present and microorganisms attached to itself, or useful microbial materials added to organic waste, and if organic waste contains water, it is generated by the water and decomposition. The liquid fertilizer flows down along the inclined surface of the processing vessel and is discharged from the drainage port.The organic waste in the processing vessel is decomposed and fermented. . In this way, the organic waste after being introduced is decomposed by microorganisms, the water is removed, the volume is reduced and the drying is carried out appropriately, and the organic waste is reduced, without using extra energy and equipment as much as possible. They can be arranged from the discharge port side to the input port side in the oldest order.

[0019]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 show an organic waste treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is an external front view, FIG. 2 is an external side view, FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view, and FIG. It is sectional drawing in the -A arrow direction.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the outer box 1 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape by a lower box 2 and an upper box 3. The lower box 2 has side plates 5, 6 and side plates 7, 8 connected to the long side edges and the short side edges of both sides of the bottom plate 4, respectively. The upper box 3 includes side plates 10 and 11 and a side plate 1 on both long side edges and short side edges of the top plate 9 respectively.
2, 13 are connected in series. A receiving plate 14 is continuously provided on the outer peripheral edge of the lower box 2 on the upper open side, and a contact plate 15 is continuously provided on the outer peripheral edge of the lower box 2 on the lower open side. A hanging engaging plate 16 is continuously provided at the portion. And
The contact plate 15 of the upper box 3 is placed on the receiving plate 14 of the lower box 2,
The outer plate 1 is constituted by engaging the engaging plate 16 with the outer peripheral portion of the receiving plate 14 and positioning the upper plate 3 so as to be detachable from the lower box 2. The outer box 1 is divided into upper and lower chambers by a partition plate 17 provided integrally inside the upper end of the lower box 2, and the upper part is a processing chamber 18. The lower chamber is partitioned by a partition plate 19 at an intermediate portion, and is partitioned into a liquid storage chamber 20 and a processing object storage chamber 21.

The processing chamber 18 is provided with a cylindrical processing container 22. The processing container 22 is made of plastic. Both ends of a cylindrical body 23 are closed by end plates 24 and 25, and an inlet 26 and a drain 27 for organic wastes such as garbage are formed on the upper and lower sides of one end. And an exhaust port 3 on the upper and lower sides of the other end.
1 and an outlet 28 for an organic waste, etc., are formed, and an inlet 29 for selectively inputting a deodorant, a microbial material (fermenting agent), a moisture regulator and the like is formed above the intermediate portion. I have. Activated carbon as a deodorant, microbial material, and moisture regulator,
Charcoal, photosynthetic bacteria, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, bark, defoliation, husk, sawdust and the like can be used. The processing container 22 is closer to the side plate 13, that is, the side plate 12 than the discharge port 28.
The side, that is, the drain port 27 side is inclined so as to be located at a lower position, and is stably supported in an inclined state by the support member 30 on the partition plate 17 which is similarly inclined. At the base of the input port 26, the exhaust port 31a is directed toward the tip side of the processing container 22,
Can be formed. The insertion ports 26 and 29 are inserted through holes formed in the top plate 9 and are opened to the outside of the outer box 1, and each protruding end is opened and closed by opening and closing lids 32 and 33. The drain port 27 and the drain port 28 are inserted through holes formed in the partition plate 17 and open to the lower liquid storage chamber 20 and the processing object storage chamber 21.

A transfer screw 34 is provided in the processing vessel 22.
Is provided. Both ends of the stainless steel screw shaft 35 of the transfer screw 34 are connected to the end plate 2 of the processing vessel 22.
A rotatable handle 38 is attached to a protruding end of the screw shaft 35 on the side of the end plate 24, which is rotatably supported by bearings 36, 37 provided on the screw shafts 4, 25. The transfer screw 34 is set so that the outer diameter of the stainless steel screw blade 39 is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the processing container 22. Therefore, the handle 38
By rotating the transfer screw 34, the organic waste input from the input port 26 can be transferred to the front of the processing container 22 by the screw blade 39, that is, to the discharge port 28 side. Feather 3
9 can serve as a lid for the transferred organic waste and the like.

In the middle of the transfer screw 34,
Discharge port 2 from input port 26 side instead of screw blade 39
A plurality of switching blades 69 (three in the illustrated example, three at every 120 degrees) are provided for switching the organic exhaust transferred to the side 8. That is, a fermentation zone in which the inside of the processing container 8 has the screw blade 39 on the side of the input port 26,
A turning zone having an intermediate turning blade 69,
And an extrusion zone having a screw blade 39 on the discharge port 28 side. And the fermentation zone is 1
/ 3 or more.

The screw blade 39 has one or more holes (having a diameter of 5 mm to 5 mm) on the downstream side in the organic waste transfer direction.
0 mmφ) 40 is formed. A plurality of partition plates 41 (four at 90 degrees in the illustrated example) are radially mounted on the tip of the screw shaft 35, that is, on the discharge port 28 side, and each partition plate 41 forms a partition chamber 70 in the processing vessel 22. Have been. Then, with the rotation of the transfer screw 34, each compartment 70 is sequentially opened to the outlet 28. Processing container 22 on top plate 9 of outer box 1
An exhaust pipe 42 communicates with the front end of the exhaust port 31. The exhaust pipe 42 is disposed near the upper opening of the exhaust port 31.

An outlet 43 of the liquid storage chamber 20 is formed in the side plate 6, and an opening / closing lid 44 is attached to the side plate 6 by a hinge 45 so that the outlet 43 can be opened and closed. Open / close lid 4
4 is a latch 4 rotatably attached to its free end.
6 is locked by engaging with a receiving member 47 attached to the side plate. A liquid storage container 48 is stored so as to be able to be taken out from the opened take-out port 43. The liquid container 48 has an upper opening 49 in which the processing container 22 is disposed.
The drain port 27 is communicated with a flexible pipe 50 made of rubber or the like to prevent odor from leaking to the outside.

The side plate 6 has an outlet 51 for the processing object storage chamber 21.
The opening / closing lid 52 is attached to the side plate 6 by a hinge 53 so that the outlet 51 can be opened / closed. The opening / closing lid 52 is locked by engaging a latch 54 rotatably attached to the free end side thereof with a holder 55 attached to the side plate 6. The receiving basket 56 is stored so as to be able to be taken out from the opened take-out port 51. The receiving cage body 57 of the receiving cage 56 is formed of a coarse mesh, and supporting legs (or rollers) 5 are provided on both sides of the bottom surface.
8, the supporting leg 58 is placed on the bottom plate 4, and the receiving car main body 57 is floated above the bottom plate 4. A storage bag 59, which is a storage body for processed materials, is placed in the receiving basket main body 57. The storage bag 59 is made of a stretched tape yarn 60 made of a synthetic resin so as to have air permeability, or a woven fabric woven of synthetic fibers, natural fibers, or the like, and an upper inlet 61 is an outlet of the processing container 22. 28,
It is detachably fixed by the string 62 and the like, so that the invasion of unpleasant pests such as flies and water flies is prevented, and the above-mentioned unpleasant pests generated inside are contained.

The processing object storage chamber 21 has an intake port 63 and an exhaust port 6.
In the illustrated example, the intake port 63 is formed in the opening / closing lid 52, the exhaust port 64 is formed in the partition plate 17, and the exhaust pipe 42 is provided.
It is open to almost correspond to. A blower 65 is supported in the exhaust port 64. By driving the blower 64, air in the processing object storage chamber 21 is exhausted from the exhaust port 64 to the outside of the apparatus through the processing chamber 18 and the exhaust pipe 42, and external air is sucked into the processing object storage chamber 21 from the intake port 63. You. In this manner, air can be circulated in the processing object storage chamber 21. At this time, as described above, the receiving cage body 57,
That is, since the storage bag 59 is floated from the bottom plate 4,
The entire side and bottom surfaces of the storage bag 59 can be ventilated.

A gantry 66 is mounted on the top plate 9 of the outer box 1, and a solar cell module 67 is mounted on the gantry 66 so as to adjust the angle. This solar cell module 67
Should be in the direction of the most efficient incidence of sunlight, generally southward, with an angle range of 30 to 60 degrees to be able to adapt to the angle of incidence of the sunlight depending on installation location and season Are located. The solar cell module 67 is constituted by a solar cell using an amorphous silicon element or the like, and is connected to a drive source of a blower 65 by an electric wiring 68. Then, solar energy is converted into electric energy by the solar cell module 67, and the blower 65 can be driven by the electric power.

At least one of the inner surface of the outer box 1 and the outer surface of the processing container 22 is provided with a heat insulating material such as a foam material as required.

In this embodiment, the processing vessel 22 has a diameter of 300
mm, length 1100 mm, volume 70 l, screw blade 39 pitch 200 mm, diameter 300 mmφ. The solar cell module 67 is made of an amorphous silicon element, and has an open circuit voltage of 23 V and a short circuit current of 2 V.
80 mA, an operating voltage of 15 V, an operating current of 235 mA, a maximum output of 3.5 W, and an operating illuminance range of 10,000 lx or more were used. The blower 65 is an axial fan, and has a DC
C12V, rated current 0.1 A, the rated rotational speed 1900 rev / min, was used for maximum air volume 0.9 M ³ / min.

The above configuration will be described in further detail below, together with the usage thereof. The organic waste treatment apparatus of the present invention is installed in a home garden or the like, and before use, the opening / closing lid 32 is removed and the input port 26 is opened, and about 10 liters of humus in which a large amount of microorganisms inhabit is treated from the input port 26. Put in the container 22. After the charging, the handle 38 is operated to rotate the transfer screw 34 so that the humus is removed from the processing container 22.
, A little to the discharge port 28 side. Unnecessary organic waste such as garbage is charged into the processing container 32 from the input port 26, the handle 38 is operated to rotate the transfer screw 34, and the organic waste is transferred to the processing container 22.
And the input port 26 is closed by the opening / closing lid 22. When the organic waste is generated, it is charged into the processing container 22 through the input port 26 in the same manner as described above, and the transfer screw 3
By the rotation of No. 4, it is sequentially transferred to the other side little by little. It should be noted that the humus is charged first, and then only unnecessary organic waste is charged, or a useful microorganism group may be added when a bad smell is generated in summer or fermentation is slow in winter.
Further, the humus and the organic waste to be charged in the initial stage may be sent from the beginning to the back side on the discharge port 28 side, but thereafter, there is a possibility that the organic waste to be charged is compressed when sent to the back side. Therefore, it is preferable to feed in little by little.

When water is contained in organic waste such as garbage, the water flows down along the inclined surface of the processing container 22, passes through the drain 50 through the pipe 50, and the storage container 4.
8. The organic waste transferred to the front of the processing vessel 22 starts to be decomposed by the microorganisms attached to itself, the inoculum inhabiting the mulch, and the useful microorganism group to be added, appropriate moisture, oxygen and temperature. . The liquid fertilizer produced by the decomposition also flows down along the inclined surface of the processing container 22, is stored in the liquid storage container 48 from the drain port 27 through the pipe 50, and continues fermentation in the liquid storage container 48. In this way, excess water in the processing container 22 is removed, the moisture content of the organic waste being decomposed is automatically adjusted, and microorganisms useful for decomposition are easily propagated, without heating or the like. Organic waste can be decomposed and fermented efficiently, and
Generation of unnecessary methane gas and the like can be prevented. On the other hand, gas and water vapor generated during decomposition and fermentation and discharged into the outer box 1 from the exhaust ports 31 and 31a are discharged from the exhaust pipe 42.
From the outer box 1.

There are many types of microorganisms such as molds, yeasts, bacteria, etc., and huge amounts are present in a wide range of distribution. And
While repeating the decomposition and mineralization of organic waste, a cycle in which various microorganisms grow and disappear and another microorganism grows is repeated. In addition, when environmental conditions are different, organic waste is decomposed and mineralized by microorganisms of different groups. By utilizing this property, the decomposition and mineralization of organic waste can be continuously processed using one processing container 22 and the transfer screw 34. That is, the organic waste put into the processing container 22 is fermented sequentially from the old organic waste, and is decomposed and mineralized. In this process, even if one microorganism dies, another microorganism propagates, and the surviving microorganisms migrate to the next newly input organic waste, propagate and start to decompose the organic waste.

As described above, since the inner diameter of the processing vessel 22 and the outer diameter of the screw blade 39 are substantially equal, the processing vessel 22
Inside, the organic waste that was put in first, and was sequentially transferred to the destination, and the organic waste that was put in later were not mixed,
It is sequentially sent from the decomposed and mineralized old processed material in the direction of the outlet 28. During this time, the input organic waste contains trimethylacine like fish, and when the odor is particularly strong, the opening / closing lid 33 is removed and the input port 29 is opened.
Alternatively, activated carbon may be charged into the processing container 22 to deodorize the activated carbon. Further, the exhaust pipe 42 may be provided with a deodorant such as activated carbon to deodorize. Further, if fermentation is insufficient in winter or the like, microbial materials such as yeast may be introduced from the inlet 29. In addition, when the water content is high and the stickiness is severe, bark, husk, sawdust, etc. A moisture adjusting material may be introduced from the inlet 29. Further, when the organic waste is excessively packed in the front end portion of the processing container 22, the transfer screw 34 may be loosened by rotating the transfer screw 34 in the opposite direction.

Further, by forming one or more holes 40 at the tip of the screw blade 39, when the organic waste decomposed at the tip in the processing vessel 22 becomes more than a certain pressure, the holes 40 are cut out. Not only can the extrusion pressure of the organic waste by the backflow and transfer screw 34 be reduced, but also the organic waste being decomposed and the demineralized processed material that has been decomposed are put into the hole 40 to form a powder or granule. In addition, air can be supplied from the holes 40 to facilitate the growth of aerobic microorganisms, gas and water vapor can be easily removed from the holes 40, and the efficiency of organic waste decomposition can be increased.

Useful anaerobic microorganisms work under low oxygen conditions. Then, by pushing organic waste such as garbage with the transfer screw 34, the screw blade 3
9 shuts off the air. Since it continues to the inlet 26, an environment in which cellulose, degrading bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, yeast, actinomycetes and the like are active is provided. In the case of microorganisms, especially aerobic microorganisms, oxygen needs to be supplied for their growth, but when organic waste is pushed in by the transfer screw 34, voids are formed in the holes 40 and the like as described above, and carbon dioxide gas, Water vapor is discharged. On the other hand, air can flow in through the discharge opening 28, the slight gap between the screw 34 and the processing container 22, and the hole 40.

As described above, the decomposition of organic waste starts from proteins, sugars, and fats by various kinds of microorganisms. To do so, it is necessary to regulate the flow of air and adjust the enzymes required for the respiration of useful anaerobic microorganisms and useful aerobic microorganisms. Then, the organic waste is supplied from the input port 28 to the processing container 2.
At the time of charging into the chamber 2, the enzyme is sufficiently supplied by opening the charging port 26. The activity of microorganisms is 2
0 ° C to 50 ° C is the optimum temperature. Here, in the fermentation zone, part of the energy when microorganisms breathe inside the organic waste pushed by the screw blades 39 is radiated as heat, and the heat is generated inside the organic waste, Activity becomes active. In the winter season, the screw blade 39 serves as a wall to prevent this heat from escaping to the outside as much as possible.

In addition, the fibers of organic waste, especially the fibers of turfgrass and defoliation, are decomposed by thermophilic and anaerobic cellulase-decomposing bacteria (bacteria and filamentous fungi). Shielded conditions are desirable and the screw blades 39 can achieve that purpose. On the other hand, anaerobic microorganisms desirably have more moisture, and in this fermentation zone, they are shielded by the screw blades 39, making it difficult for moisture to evaporate. Then, after the fiber has been decomposed and the heat has dropped, the organic waste is thinly cut by the turning blades 69, the carbon dioxide generated by decomposition and fermentation is removed, the bulk specific gravity of the organic waste is reduced, and the microorganisms are softened. Gives easy-to-act conditions. Further, by lowering the bulk specific gravity of the organic waste by turning back, unnecessary moisture is caused to flow down along the inclined inner surface of the processing container 22 or is evaporated from a gap above the processing container 22,
In addition, carbon dioxide and the like can be discharged from the gap above the processing container 22.

In the extrusion zone, the organic waste sent from the cutback zone is a treated product in which the decomposition of fibers and lignin is progressing, particularly in the case of turfgrass and deciduous leaves.
Alternatively, it can be sent to the outlet 28 as a processed product after the decomposition.

The processed material which has been decomposed, fermented, dried and fertilized as described above is operated by operating the handle 38 to rotate the transfer screw 34, thereby opening each compartment 70 to the discharge port 28 in order, and A certain amount of the processed material in 70 is sequentially stored in the storage bag 59 from the outlet 28 and stored. The organic waste in the processing container 22 is decomposed into water and carbon dioxide by aerobic microorganisms and anaerobic microorganisms, and
Although the amount is reduced by 3 or more, since the processing container 22 is in a state close to hermetic, 70% or more when stored in the storage bag 59.
Contains 80% moisture. If left for a long time in such a state containing a large amount of water, aerobic microorganisms do not work actively, harmful anaerobic microorganisms are generated in large amounts,
May cause harm to plants. In addition, odors such as methane gas are generated, and unpleasant pests such as American waterflies and flies are also generated.

In the embodiment of the present invention, when the solar cell module 67 is irradiated with a certain amount of sunlight or more, it is converted into electric energy and supplied to the blower 65 as electric power by utilizing the optical sensor function. 65 is driven, the air in the processing object storage chamber 21 is exhausted from the discharge port 64, and the outside air is sucked into the processing object storage chamber 21 from the intake port 63. Generally, the temperature is higher and the humidity is lower on a sunny day with sun rays, especially on a daytime than on a rainy day or at night. As a result, warm and dry outside air is forcibly applied to the immature processed material in the air-permeable storage bag 59, the processed material is appropriately dried to reduce its weight, and the aerobic microorganisms are actively activated to activate the organic material. Decomposition and ripening can be further promoted as a fertilizer. Since the processed material is not heated to a high temperature by direct sunlight or a heater in this way, the processed material does not dry excessively above the atmospheric humidity, and the water content of the processed material is adjusted almost uniformly in a natural state. It can be matured efficiently with a simple structure. At this time, the drive of the blower 65 is stopped during the time of rainfall or nighttime frost or dew,
Although the air is not circulated, it is preferable to make the intake port 63 and the exhaust pipe 42 as small as possible so that moisture can be suppressed from entering the processing object storage chamber 21 as much as possible.
If the processed product is excessively dried, the direction or angle of the solar cell module 67 is changed, and
The drive of the blower 65 may be adjusted by controlling the circuit switch 5.

As described above, the inside of the storage bag 59 is dried appropriately.
Aged, organic fertilizers containing moderate amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus are light, convenient to handle and transport, and even rot harmful to plants when used in soil during the rainy season. Can be prevented. Then, if necessary, the opening / closing lid 52
Open the storage bag 59 and take out the outlet 51 with the basket 56
Can be taken out of the processed material storage room 21 and used as fertilizer for crops, horticulture, plants, etc., or collected, incinerated, landfilled, or the most economical or convenient method can be selected. . At this time, the intake port 63 may be closed according to the degree of drying or fertilizer of the processed material. In addition, when the organic fertilizer is not used temporarily, it may be dried sufficiently and hermetically stored in another container or the like. When fertilizing on dry soil, a wet organic fertilizer may be buried in the dry soil.

When the temperature is low in winter and the fertilizer is not sufficient, the natural stone, zeolite, activated carbon containing microbial materials and enzymes are introduced from the inlet 29.
Fermentation may be promoted by adding bark (berg) or the like.

On the other hand, the opening / closing lid 44 is removed, the liquid storage container 48 is taken out from the outlet 43, and is generated during decomposition of the organic waste.
By diluting the liquid fertilizer stored in the liquid storage container 48 from 100 times to 1000 times with water, it can be used as a fertilizer for agricultural products, horticulture, plants and the like. In addition, liquid fertilizer can be treated with activated sludge to purify eutrophic water, or can be purified using plants or plankton and flown into sewers or drains.

As described above, in order to continuously decompose and ferment the organic waste, and to process the required amount and the required amount without the need for labor when the input and output are required, the processing container 22 and the transfer screw 34 are required. It is preferable that the ratio L / D of the length L and the diameter D of the processing container 22 is 3 or more, and the ratio P / D of the pitch P and the diameter D of the screw blade 39 is 1 or less.

For example, in the case of a family of four in a general household, unnecessary organic waste such as garbage is generated at an average of 1 kg or less per day, but 1 kg of organic waste is discharged daily under natural conditions at a temperature of 20 ° C. to 40 ° C. For continuous fermentation treatment under the following conditions, it is preferable to set the volume of the processing container 22 to 10 liters to 300 liters from conditions such as the pH, fermentation heat, and supply amount of oxygen during fermentation of the organic waste. For example, when the volume of the processing container 22 is set to 70 liters as in the present embodiment, in order to treat an average of 1 kg of organic waste per day as described above, dehydration is performed sequentially from the previously input organic waste. It can be decomposed and fermented to reduce the volume. At an average temperature of 20 ° C., the volume can be reduced to about 1/3 in about one month, so that it can be stored for 70 days or more. In the conventional electric treatment apparatus, 1 kW to 2.5 kW of electric power is consumed to reduce the volume of 1 kg of organic waste. According to the present invention, this electric power is obtained by solar energy. Can be economical.

As described above, according to the above-described embodiment, power is generated using sunlight.
Since it can be used, it can be used without being restricted by a place such as a garden or a roof of a building. Further, the blower 65 can be driven at a lower cost than other electric power, and the inside of the processing object storage room 21 can be used. Since air can be circulated to promote appropriate drying of the treated product and ripening as an organic fertilizer, energy saving can be achieved. In addition, ventilation is performed using the photosensor function of the solar cell module 67 only when the weather is good or when the temperature is low during the daytime, and no ventilation is performed during an external humid rain or at night. Moisture can be prevented, and moreover, harmful microorganisms such as fly larvae and mold are less likely to propagate. Further, since the drying is performed appropriately without using a heater as in an electric processing apparatus, the surrounding environment is not deteriorated by discharging hot air. In addition, when heated with a heater, a large amount of fermentation and moisture are removed at one time, so that the odor tends to leak to the outside.However, since the removal of moisture from the fermented organic fertilizer is performed using the natural temperature, a large amount of odor is generated. It does not happen at one time. In addition, the organic fertilizer can be appropriately dried to reduce its weight so that useful anaerobic microorganisms can survive, so that it is convenient to handle and can be easily transported. Further, since power is generated by the sunlight sensor function, no noise is generated. Further, since the aging of the organic fertilizer is promoted and the water content is adjusted by drying using the warm dry air during the day, the processing capacity can be improved.
In addition, fermentation and fermentation of processed material to send natural air to ripen, so that without eradicating useful anaerobic microorganisms, improving soil or fertilizing soil to obtain a fertilizer that helps plant growth Can be.

As another embodiment, a blade for crushing the processed material is provided in place of the partition plate 41, and the processed material after the decomposition and the fermentation treatment is crushed and stored in the storage bag 59 from the outlet 28. Good.

In the above embodiment, the blower 65 serving as the suction / exhaust means is attached to the discharge port 64, but it may be attached to the intake port 63 or both.
It may be installed between the intake port 63 and the exhaust port 64, or a plurality of them may be used. Further, in each of the above embodiments, the handle 38 of the transfer screw 34 may be disposed not on the lower side of the tilt direction but on the upper side, and the direction of the handle 38 may be changed by using a worm gear or the like, and manually. Alternatively, it may be electrically driven. In each of the above embodiments, the inclination angle of the processing container 22 and the transfer screw 34 can be appropriately selected in consideration of the flow of water and the like. Further, in each of the above embodiments, the processing vessel 22 is formed in a tapered shape having a circular cross section with a gradually decreasing diameter from the drain port 27 side to the drain port 28 side without inclining the whole. It may be configured to have an inclined surface whose side is located lower than the outlet 28 side. In each of the above embodiments, the screw shaft 35 is supported in a cantilever manner,
With the rotation of the transfer screw 34, the screw blade 3
It is also possible to crush the organic waste on the outer peripheral surface of 9 and the inner peripheral surface of the processing container 22. Further, crushing blades may be provided on both sides of the screw shaft 35 and the processing container 22. Further, the hole 40 of the screw blade 39 may not be provided. The screw blade 3 is replaced with the screw blade 3.
9 may be continuous. Further, the present invention can be used for various types of processing apparatuses other than the above embodiments. For example, the motor from the solar cell module 67 drives a screw 34, a stirring blade, or the like, or via a storage battery. In winter, at low temperatures such as at night, the heater is driven, or the magnetron is driven to generate microwaves to promote fermentation of the processed product, perform moisture adjustment by drying, or drive the ozone generator to deodorize, The solar cell module 67 can be used as various power supplies. In addition, the present invention can be variously changed in design without departing from the basic technical idea.

[0050]

As described above, according to the present invention, when the organic waste is decomposed, fermented, and dehydrated by the microorganisms in the main body of the processing apparatus, and the water is adjusted by appropriately drying the organic waste, the radiation of the sunlight is reduced. Since a solar cell that converts energy into electric energy is used as a power source, there is no place restriction. Therefore, the convenience of use can be improved, and the economy can be improved. Further, the organic waste processed by the processing means is stored in a breathable storage body which is removably stored in the processing storage chamber, and the air intake and exhaust means of the processing storage chamber is driven by a solar cell driven air intake and exhaust means. By using the optical sensor function to introduce warm and less humid air during the day and discharge the humid air, the processed material inside the container is appropriately dried and aged as organic fertilizer. In addition, the generation of microorganisms harmful to the growth of plants and the like can be suppressed and the treatment can be performed effectively. Therefore, since it can be used as an organic fertilizer as it is, handling can be facilitated.

At the time of use, humus is charged into the processing container from the input port, the transfer screw is rotated by the rotating means, and the humus is transferred to the front of the processing container. The organic waste in the processing container is charged with the microorganisms adhering to the mulch by charging the organic waste into the processing container and rotating the transfer screw to transfer the organic waste to the front of the processing container as described above. Decomposition of proteins and sugars is started by microorganisms attached to itself and useful microorganisms added as necessary, and if organic waste contains water, the water and liquid fertilizer generated by decomposition are treated. Flow down along the inclined surface of the container, drain from the drain port, decompose and ferment the organic waste in the processing container,
The treated material that has been dehydrated to some extent is discharged from the discharged material.
In this way, the organic waste after being introduced is decomposed by microorganisms, the water is removed, the volume is reduced and the drying is carried out appropriately, and the organic waste is reduced, without using extra energy and equipment as much as possible. They can be arranged from the discharge port side to the input port side in the oldest order. Therefore, organic waste can be recycled and effectively used as liquid fertilizer or organic fertilizer, and a large amount of organic waste can be continuously treated, and fermentation can be promoted economically and efficiently treated. can do.

By providing switching blades for switching the organic waste to be transferred in place of the screw blades in the intermediate portion of the transfer screw, conditions such as air, moisture, temperature, etc., which are preferable for the activity of microorganisms are provided for each step. Can be given as timely as possible to promote the treatment of organic waste.

A plurality of partition plates are radially provided on the discharge port side of the transfer screw, and the compartments defined in the processing container are sequentially opened to the discharge ports by the partition plates, so that the processed material is kept constant. Discharge can be performed for each amount, and the opening / closing lid of the discharge port can also be used.

By providing a liquid storage container for storing the drainage discharged from the drainage port, convenience in use of the user can be achieved.

By providing an inlet for selectively introducing a deodorant, a microbial material, a moisture regulator and the like from the outside in the middle part of the processing container and an opening / closing lid therefor, even when organic waste emits a bad smell, The odor can be removed or alleviated, and the water content can be adjusted appropriately.

By supporting the container so that it can be ventilated even from the bottom, the treated product can be more uniformly and appropriately dried and aged.

By coating at least one of the inner surface of the outer box and the outer surface of the processing means with a heat insulating material, freezing can be prevented and the efficiency of drying the processed material can be increased.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external front view showing an organic waste treatment apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an external side view showing the organic waste treatment apparatus.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing the organic waste treatment apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the organic waste treatment apparatus, taken along the line AA in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outer box 18 Processing chamber 20 Liquid storage chamber 21 Process storage chamber 22 Processing container 26 Input port 27 Drain port 28 Output port 29 Input port 34 Transfer screw 41 Partition plate 42 Exhaust tube 43 Discharge port 48 Liquid storage container 51 Discharge Mouth 56 Receiving basket 59 Storage bag 63 Intake port 64 Exhaust port 65 Blower 67 Solar cell module 69 Switching vane

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-6-277644 (JP, A) JP-A-3-188954 (JP, A) JP-A-7-16559 (JP, A) JP-A 8- 133408 (JP, A) JP-A-6-7760 (JP, A) JP-A-57-58498 (JP, U) JP-A-7-7790 (JP, U) JP-A-6-81687 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B09B 3/00-5/00 C02F 11/00-11/20 C05F 9/00-9/04

Claims (9)

(57) [Claims] Claims 1. An organic waste is decomposed and fermented by microorganisms.
Dewatering, and comprises a processing apparatus main body that is appropriately dried, and a solar cell that converts radiant energy of sunlight into electric energy and that is used as a power supply of the processing apparatus main body. A box, a processing means provided in the outer box, for decomposing the organic waste by microorganisms, fermenting, dehydrating, and discharging the processed material from the outlet,
The processing unit is provided in the outer box such that the discharge port of the processing unit is opened, and has a suction port and an exhaust port, and is removably stored in the processing unit storage chamber, and is discharged from the processing unit. An organic storage device for storing the processed product to be processed, and having a gas-permeable storage body, and an air intake / exhaust unit driven by the solar cell and sucked into the processed product storage chamber through an intake port and exhausted from an exhaust port. Waste treatment equipment. 2. The processing means has an input port and a drain port for organic waste and the like at an upper side and a lower side of one end, and has a discharge port of a processed material at a lower side of the other end. A processing container having a circular cross section having an inclined surface such that the liquid discharge port side is positioned lower than the processing container, and rotatably supported in the processing container, and with rotation, charged into the processing container from the input port. 2. The organic screw according to claim 1, further comprising: a transfer screw for transferring the collected organic waste to the discharge port side; and rotating means for rotating the transfer screw, wherein the input port is openable to the outside of the outer box. Waste treatment equipment. 3. A transfer screw is provided at an intermediate portion,
3. The organic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising switching blades for organic waste transferred instead of the screw blades. 4. The transfer screw has a plurality of partition plates radially on the discharge port side, and the compartments partitioned in the processing container by the partition plates are sequentially opened to the discharge ports with rotation. The organic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the organic waste treatment apparatus is used. 5. The liquid storage container according to claim 2, wherein the outer box has a liquid storage chamber, and a liquid storage container for storing the liquid discharged from the liquid discharge port of the processing means is removably stored in the liquid storage chamber. An organic waste treatment apparatus according to any one of the above. 6. A processing container is provided with an external deodorant in an intermediate portion,
The organic waste treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 5, further comprising an inlet for selectively introducing a microorganism material, a moisture regulator, and the like, and an opening / closing lid therefor. 7. The organic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the storage body is supported so as to allow ventilation from the bottom. 8. The organic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the storage body is a bag made of a woven fabric having air permeability. 9. The heat insulating material coated on at least one of the inner surface of the outer box and the outer surface of the processing means.
An organic waste treatment apparatus according to any one of the above.