CN216191959U

CN216191959U - Solid-liquid separation and coupling fermentation device for organic garbage treatment

Info

Publication number: CN216191959U
Application number: CN202122567792.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李湛江; 张俊文; 曾庆东; 林金明; 苏兴国; 吕永; 冉回新; 凌庆成; 魏子凯; 郑文汉; 陈朝旭; 粟颖; 蒋敏; 黄亚玲; 朱云; 韦彩嫩; 陈美珠; 马锦亮; 陈必鸣
Original assignee: Guangzhou Shicheng Management Technology Research Center; Guangdong Modern Agricultural Equipment Research Institute
Current assignee: Guangzhou Shicheng Management Technology Research Center; Guangdong Modern Agricultural Equipment Research Institute
Priority date: 2021-10-25
Filing date: 2021-10-25
Publication date: 2022-04-05
Anticipated expiration: 2031-10-25

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solid-liquid separation and coupling fermentation device for organic garbage treatment, which comprises a solid aeration fermentation device, a percolate treatment component and a tail gas treatment device which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and is characterized in that the solid aeration fermentation device, the percolate treatment component and the tail gas treatment device are connected by adopting pipelines so as to enable fermented liquid and gas to circulate, the solid aeration fermentation device comprises a solid fermentation box, an air blowing device, a feeding door and a discharging door, and the bottom of the solid fermentation box is connected with a percolate collection device through a sieve plate for filtering redundant percolate in a fermentation pile. The utility model can continuously add new kitchen garbage every day, and can be used for closing the door and fermenting for more than 7 days after the bin is full, so that the fertilizer can be cleaned and used for agricultural production. The system has small occupied area, does not use electric power, is simple and convenient to operate, is suitable for being used in rural areas, and has no odor and sewage in the fermentation process.

Description

Solid-liquid separation and coupling fermentation device for organic garbage treatment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of biological fermentation of organic matters, in particular to a solid-liquid separation and coupling fermentation device for organic garbage treatment.

Background

Along with the progress of agricultural modernization and rural urbanization, the production and living modes of rural residents are gradually the same as those of urban residents, and the quantity of organic garbage generated in life is more and more. Including kitchen waste, greening waste, excrement of a small amount of domestic livestock and poultry, and the like. Due to the change of the life and production modes of farmers, the raw materials which can be used as feed and fertilizer before are not removed any more and are also changed into garbage. At present, the amount of garbage generated in rural areas is not less than that in urban areas, but the rural areas do not have sound sanitation worker clearing teams like urban areas, and rural residents generally live in scattered places and are far away, the garbage classification and classification collection and transportation work is difficult to implement, the cost is high, and the method is not suitable for the urban centralized treatment mode.

The mode of 'village collection, rural transportation, town concentration and county treatment' promoted by the government of China also gradually establishes a primary collection, transportation and treatment system, but due to the characteristics of living and production of rural people, the garbage classification work in most areas is difficult to implement. The cost of cleaning, classifying, transporting and processing the garbage on daily production days is not affordable to every local government and is unrealistic. Therefore, the garbage classification work is difficult to develop in most rural areas, and the classified transportation is difficult even after the classification.

Compared with the urban and rural residences which are commonly inhabited in sections, the living conditions are good, farmers also have certain planting reserved areas, and the organic garbage is particularly suitable for sorting out organic garbage generated in life, and is processed by a simple device to be made into organic fertilizer for planting vegetables and fruit trees. Therefore, dry-wet separation of the household garbage is realized, the garbage is reduced (organic garbage such as kitchen waste accounts for about 20-30% of the household garbage), the rural garbage transfer pressure is reduced, and the treatment cost is reduced; secondly, the problem that the mixed garbage is easy to rot and smell is solved, and the living environment of the rural area is improved; and thirdly, the resource utilization of the organic garbage is realized, the use of chemical fertilizers is reduced, the soil fertility of farmlands is improved, and the quality of crops is improved. How to design a composting fermentation device suitable for rural residences, advocate classification of household garbage in rural areas and suburban residential areas, and realize resource utilization of organic garbage by making organic matters such as kitchen garbage into organic fertilizers by using the composting device by residents, is a very significant topic. On one hand, the garbage reduction is realized, the pressure of a rural garbage transfer system and a county-level landfill is reduced, and on the other hand, the garbage pool of the village is prevented from polluting the surrounding environment due to the fermentation of mixed garbage. The dry-wet separation of the domestic garbage is realized like a city, and the residents can utilize the domestic garbage as resources, so that the comprehensive improvement of the rural human living environment is promoted, and beautiful villages are built.

Therefore, we propose a solid-liquid separation and coupled fermentation device for organic waste treatment to solve the above problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the problem that resources in rural areas are inconvenient to recycle in a targeted manner in the prior art, and provides a solid-liquid separation and coupling fermentation device for organic garbage treatment.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the solid-liquid separation and coupling fermentation device for organic garbage treatment comprises a solid aeration fermentation device, a percolate treatment component and a tail gas treatment device which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and is characterized in that the solid aeration fermentation device is connected with the percolate treatment component through a pipeline so as to enable fermented liquid and gas to flow and be filtered, the solid aeration fermentation device comprises a solid fermentation box, an air blowing device, a feeding door and a discharging door, and the bottom of the solid fermentation box is connected with a percolate collection device through a sieve plate and used for filtering redundant percolate in a fermentation pile;

the percolate treatment assembly comprises a percolate collecting box, a liquid three-stage fermentation box and a percolate back-spraying pipeline; the percolate collecting box collects liquid seeped out from the pile body to the liquid three-stage fermentation box through a sieve plate at the bottom of the solid fermentation box, and a water pump is mounted on the side wall of the liquid three-stage fermentation box and used for regularly spraying mature fermentation liquid of the liquid three-stage fermentation box to the top of the solid fermentation box.

Preferably, tail gas processing apparatus contains tail gas air exhauster, deodorization case, deodorant liquid atomizing device, be provided with the adsorbed layer that is used for adsorbing the tail gas stink in the deodorization case, tail gas processing apparatus's bottom still is provided with solid compost case, and the compost tail gas that produces in the solid compost case is discharged after tail gas processing apparatus handles.

Preferably, the solid aeration fermentation device, the percolate treatment assembly and the tail gas treatment device are electrically controlled through a control system, and the control system comprises a power supply device, an electric box, a fan and a water pump.

Preferably, the upper end lateral wall of tail gas processing apparatus is equipped with adjustable support, adjustable leg joint has the canopy, be equipped with solar panel on the canopy.

Preferably, the solid fermentation box adopts sieve plates to be arranged on the inner sides of the four walls, and a ventilation layer is formed between the sieve plates and the inner wall of the solid fermentation box so as to realize ventilation for the compost.

Preferably, the liquid tertiary fermentation tank is arranged on the side part or the upper part of the bottom of the percolate collecting box, and the side wall of the percolate collecting box is provided with a water pump for sending the liquid in the percolate collecting box into the liquid tertiary fermentation tank.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1. through leachate collection device, separate the leachate collection that produces among the organic waste fermentation process, the heap of keeping solid fermentation as far as possible is fermented under suitable moisture, guarantees fermentation quality, prevents that heap bottom hydrops gelatinization material from hindering the ventilation.

2. The solid compost box adopts a static fermentation and aeration ventilation process, and the bottom sieve plate, the aeration fan and the anti-blocking aeration pipe can well keep the aerobic fermentation process requirements of the ventilated compost.

3. The liquid fermentation adopts three stages of fermentation tanks, and the supernatant liquid of each stage of fermentation tank flows into the next stage to continue fermentation until the supernatant liquid is mature.

4. Two systems are organically connected by back-spraying the liquid fermentation liquor to the solid fermentation system, so that the coupling fermentation of the solid and the liquid is realized. A water pump and a back-spraying pipeline are arranged in the liquid three-stage fermentation box, so that leachate can be back-sprayed to a solid fermentation system, and the leachate is fermented to contain abundant microbial communities to inoculate solid fermentation, so that the solid fermentation rate is increased; the solid fermentation pile body is sprayed by percolate, and in the liquid infiltration process, easily soluble and volatile components of a solid fermentation part can be collected, so that odor emission of a solid fermentation system is reduced, and the treatment difficulty and treatment cost of a deodorization system are reduced; the spraying process of the percolate collects the easily soluble and volatile substances in the solid stack to become percolate fermentation nutrients, and the quality of liquid fertilizer formed by fermenting the percolate is improved.

5. And (4) tail gas treatment. The device is installed parts such as tail gas air exhauster, deodorization case (containing tail gas stink adsorption material), deodorant liquid atomizing device, and inside being in little negative pressure state of system, outside the whole filtration treatment back of fermentation tail gas (including the tail gas of liquid fermentation part) got rid of the box, guaranteed not to influence all ring edge borders, realized environmental protection and handled.

6. The electric motors such as a fan, a water pump and the like of the electric appliance box and the control system are started, and the system is ensured to automatically run according to the process requirements. The system is connected into an integrated device through the shell and the pipeline, and the top of the shell is provided with the awning and the solar panel, so that the solar energy integrated device is suitable for being used outdoors.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid-liquid separation and coupling fermentation device for organic waste treatment according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1 solid aeration fermenting installation, 101 fermenting case, 102 air blast device, 103 feeding gate, 104 discharge door, 105 perforated plates, 2 filtration liquid processing subassemblies, 201 filtration liquid collecting box, 202 liquid tertiary fermenting case, 203 filtration liquid return spray pipeline, 3 tail gas processing apparatus, 301 tail gas exhaust fan, 302 deodorizing case, 303 deodorizing liquid atomizing device, 304 adsorption layer, 4 pipeline, 5 adjustable support, 6 canopy, 7 solar panel.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, the solid-liquid separation and coupling fermentation device for organic waste treatment comprises a solid aeration fermentation device 1, a percolate treatment component 2 and a tail gas treatment device 3 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and is characterized in that the solid aeration fermentation device 1 and the percolate treatment component 2 are connected by a pipeline 4 to filter fermented liquid and gas, the solid aeration fermentation device 1 comprises a solid fermentation box 101, an air blowing device 102, a feeding door 103 and a discharging door 104, and the bottom of the solid fermentation box 101 is connected with a percolate collection device through a sieve plate 105 to filter redundant percolate in a fermentation pile;

the filtrate returns to the solid aeration fermentation device through a pipeline, and is further filtered and refluxed through the fermentation materials in the device, so that the nutrient is retained by filtering, and the peculiar smell is reduced.

The percolate treatment component 2 comprises a percolate collecting box 201, a liquid three-stage fermentation box 202 and a percolate return spraying pipeline 203; the percolate collecting box 201 collects liquid seeped out from the pile body to the liquid three-stage fermentation box 202 through the sieve plate 105 at the bottom of the solid fermentation box 101, and a water pump is installed on the side wall of the liquid three-stage fermentation box 202 and used for regularly spraying mature fermentation liquid of the liquid three-stage fermentation box 202 back to the top of the solid fermentation box 101.

Tail gas processing apparatus 3 contains tail gas air exhauster 301, deodorizing box 302, deodorant liquid atomizing device 303, is provided with the adsorbed layer 304 that is used for adsorbing the tail gas stink in deodorizing box 302, and tail gas processing apparatus 3's bottom still is provided with the solid compost case, and the compost tail gas that produces in the solid compost case is discharged after tail gas processing apparatus 3 handles.

The solid aeration fermentation device 1, the percolate treatment component 2 and the tail gas treatment device 3 are electrically controlled through a control system, and the control system comprises a power supply device, an electric box, a fan and a water pump.

The upper end lateral wall of tail gas processing apparatus 3 is equipped with adjustable support 5, and adjustable support 5 is connected with canopy 6, is equipped with solar panel 7 on the canopy 6.

The solid fermentation box 101 is arranged on the inner side of the four walls by adopting sieve plates, and forms a ventilation layer with the inner wall of the solid fermentation box 101 so as to realize ventilation for compost.

The liquid tertiary fermentation tank 202 is arranged on the side part or the upper part of the bottom of the percolate collecting box 201, and a water pump is arranged on the side wall of the percolate collecting box 201 and used for sending the liquid in the percolate collecting box 201 into the liquid tertiary fermentation tank 202.

The system is sequentially divided into a tail gas treatment box, a solid fermentation box 101 and a filtrate collection box from top to bottom, and all the parts are connected into an integrated device by shells. The top wall of the shell is fixedly connected with a canopy 6, the canopy 6 is arranged obliquely, the side wall of the canopy 6, far away from the treatment shell, is rotatably connected with a solar ceiling and a ceiling direction-adjusting support, and one end, far away from the canopy 6, of the ceiling direction-adjusting support is rotatably connected with the side wall of the solar ceiling;

an electrical appliance mounting cabinet is arranged on the side wall of the upper part of the shell;

a plurality of feeding doors 103 have been seted up to compost fermentation case 101 roof, and a plurality of discharge doors 104 have been seted up to compost fermentation case 101 downside wall, and a plurality of callus on the sole have been installed to compost fermentation case 101 diapire, and the ground of the installation of integrated device is made things convenient for to a plurality of callus on the sole.

Preferably, evacuation fan has been installed to tail gas treatment case one side lateral wall, and tail gas treatment incasement wall fixedly connected with supporting sieve plate, and a plurality of tail gas adsorption material have been placed to supporting sieve plate roof, and tail gas treatment case diapire and compost fermentation box 101 intercommunication.

Preferably, an air duct is arranged on the side wall of one side of the compost fermentation box 101, which is far away from the discharging door 104, one end of the air duct is communicated with the filtrate collecting box, the other end of the air duct is communicated with the interior of the compost fermentation box 101, a screen mesh partition plate is fixedly connected in the compost fermentation box 101, the air duct is positioned between the screen mesh partition plate and the shell of the compost fermentation box 101, bottom padding is arranged on the bottom wall of the compost partition plate, the top of the bottom padding is sequentially provided with a plurality of layers of adjusting materials and organic garbage, and a filtrate collecting pipe is arranged on the bottom wall of the compost fermentation box 101.

Preferably, the filtrate collection box and the solid fermentation box 101 are separated by a pile bottom supporting sieve plate, and the side wall of the filtrate collection box is provided with a plurality of bottom air holes, so that the water filtering and ventilating functions of the solid pile are realized.

Preferably, a filtrate grading treatment box is arranged below the ground, a filtrate collecting pipe is communicated with the grading filtrate treatment box, a submersible pump is arranged in the last stage treatment box in the grading filtrate treatment box, the submersible pump is communicated with a discharging pipe, the discharging pipe sequentially penetrates through the grading filtrate treatment box, the ground and the compost fermentation box 101, one end, penetrating through one side wall of the compost fermentation box 101, of the discharging pipe is communicated with an inoculation spray header, and one section, above the ground, of the discharging pipe is communicated with a treatment liquid outlet.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1. the bottom of the box type composting device supports the fermentation heap by using a screen mesh, so that fermentation filtrate can seep out conveniently, and the heap of the solid fermentation part is kept loose and breathable, thereby being beneficial to aerobic fermentation; the filtrate biochemical treatment device receives percolate of the box type composting device, the percolate is biochemically treated into odorless nutrient solution, the odorless nutrient solution returns to the spraying box type composting device, and new materials are inoculated with fermentation microorganisms quickly and enter an aerobic fermentation state.

2. And in the process of infiltration in the stack, the percolate exchanges substances with the stack materials, the filtrate obtains fresh nutrients and oxygen, and the stack obtains moisture and micronized nutrients. The two parts are interactive to realize coupling fermentation, so that the organic garbage can be treated in full quantity, and the efficiency and fermentation quality of treating the organic garbage by equipment are improved;

3. the storage bin has the functions of heat preservation and ventilation, can provide the best aerobic environment for microorganisms, is sealed in the box body, is easy to collect fermentation waste gas, has small amount and easy treatment, adopts a static fermentation mode, has no other moving parts in the fermentation box 101, is convenient to install a detection device, an aeration device and an air suction device, is stable to use and is not easy to damage;

4. the system is convenient to realize modularization, standardization, automation, and convenient combination and expansion.

The system is simple and convenient to operate and simple to maintain. As long as a certain amount of basic materials are put in at the early stage, new kitchen garbage can be continuously added every day, and the door is closed after the bin is full and the fermentation is carried out for more than 7 days, so that the fertilizer can be cleaned and used for agricultural production. The system has small occupied area, does not use electric power, is simple and convenient to operate, is suitable for being used in rural areas, and has no odor and sewage in the fermentation process.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and equivalent alternatives or modifications according to the technical solution of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof should be covered by the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The solid-liquid separation and coupling fermentation device for organic garbage treatment comprises a solid aeration fermentation device (1), a percolate treatment component (2) and a tail gas treatment device (3) which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and is characterized in that the solid aeration fermentation device (1) and the percolate treatment component (2) are connected through a pipeline (4) to enable fermented liquid and gas to flow and be filtered, the solid aeration fermentation device (1) comprises a solid fermentation box (101), a blowing device (102), a feeding door (103) and a discharging door (104), and the bottom of the solid fermentation box (101) is connected with a percolate collection device through a sieve plate (105) and used for filtering redundant percolate in a fermentation stack;

the percolate treatment assembly (2) comprises a percolate collecting box (201), a liquid tertiary fermentation box (202) and a percolate back-spraying pipeline (203); the percolate collecting box (201) collects liquid seeped out from the pile body to the liquid three-stage fermentation box (202) through a sieve plate (105) at the bottom of the solid fermentation box (101), and a water pump is mounted on the side wall of the liquid three-stage fermentation box (202) and used for regularly spraying mature fermentation liquid of the liquid three-stage fermentation box (202) back to the top of the solid fermentation box (101).

2. The solid-liquid separation and coupling fermentation device for organic waste treatment according to claim 1, wherein the tail gas treatment device (3) comprises a tail gas exhaust fan (301), a deodorization tank (302) and a deodorization liquid atomization device (303), an adsorption layer (304) for adsorbing odor of tail gas is arranged in the deodorization tank (302), a solid compost tank is further arranged at the bottom of the tail gas treatment device (3), and compost tail gas generated in the solid compost tank is discharged after being treated by the tail gas treatment device (3).

3. The solid-liquid separation and coupling fermentation device for organic garbage disposal according to claim 2, wherein the solid aeration fermentation device (1), the percolate treatment component (2) and the tail gas treatment device (3) are electrically controlled by a control system, and the control system comprises a power supply device, an electric box, a fan and a water pump.

4. The solid-liquid separation and coupling fermentation device for organic garbage disposal according to claim 1, wherein the upper end side wall of the tail gas treatment device (3) is provided with an adjustable support (5), the adjustable support (5) is connected with a rain shed (6), and the rain shed (6) is provided with a solar panel (7).

5. The solid-liquid separation and coupling fermentation device for organic waste treatment of claim 1, wherein the solid fermentation box (101) is installed inside the four walls by using sieve plates, and forms a ventilation layer with the inner wall of the solid fermentation box (101) to ventilate the compost.

6. The solid-liquid separation and coupling fermentation device for organic waste treatment of claim 1, wherein the liquid tertiary fermentation tank (202) is installed at the bottom side or upper part of the percolate collection tank (201), and a water pump is installed at the side wall of the percolate collection tank (201) for feeding the liquid in the percolate collection tank (201) into the liquid tertiary fermentation tank (202).