JP4295838B2 - Garbage disposal equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a garbage processing apparatus for biodegrading and liquefying garbage with microorganisms.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a composting-type garbage processing apparatus has been widely used in which compost is obtained by fermenting fermented food such as vegetable scraps, fish bones, and leftovers in a processing tank containing a fungus bed such as sawdust. However, since this composting type apparatus uses high-temperature fermenting bacteria having a fermentation temperature of about 60 to 80 ° C., a heating means with a large capacity is required. Moreover, there exists a malfunction that the characteristic unpleasant odor generate | occur | produces at the time of fermentation. In addition, when a large amount of water is added to sawdust, it becomes clayy and hinders fermentation, so it was necessary to drain the garbage before charging. In addition, the generated compost had to be taken out and packed.
[0003]
Therefore, in recent years, a liquefaction type apparatus has been developed in order to eliminate the disadvantages of the compost type apparatus. The garbage disposer of the liquefaction type shown in FIGS. In the garbage processing apparatus 71 shown in each figure, a stationary processing tank 75 having a garbage input port 81 on the upper surface is installed on a base 83 in a main body casing 72. The bottom surface of the processing tank 75 is constituted by a liquid-permeable member 92 in which a punching metal having a large number of pores is formed in a curved shape. In the processing tank 75, a rotating shaft 95 around a horizontal axis is rotatably provided via bearings 76 and 77. A stirring blade 96 that stirs the garbage, the fungus bed, and the like is attached to the rotating shaft 95 via a connecting leg 97. Below the treatment tank 75, a liquid storage tank 82 for storing the liquefied material generated by the decomposition is disposed.
[0004]
According to the garbage processing apparatus 71, the lid 80 is opened, and a fungus bed such as rice husks and garbage are introduced into the treatment tank 75 from the garbage input port 81. The carried garbage is slowly decomposed mainly into carbon dioxide and a liquefied product (main component is water) by the action of the aerobic fermentation bacteria that inhabit the fungus bed. During the disassembly process, the geared motor 78 is periodically activated, and the rotational force is transmitted to the rotating shaft 95 to further rotate the stirring blade 96. Thereby, the microbial bed and garbage in the processing tank 75 are stirred, and decomposition | disassembly of garbage is accelerated | stimulated.
[0005]
The liquefied material generated by the decomposition of the raw garbage passes through the liquid permeable member 92 and is stored in the liquid storage tank 82. At this time, the air supplied from the aeration blower 85 blows out from the aeration pipe 84 to aerate the liquefied material, thereby further promoting the decomposition of the liquefied material. The liquefied material after aeration is discharged from the drain pipe 86 to the outside of the apparatus. When water is supplied to the fungus bed and garbage, the electromagnetic on-off valve 91 is opened, and water from the water supply pipe 90 is sprayed from the water spray pipe 89 into the treatment tank 75. In addition, the heater 94 is energized at a low temperature such as in winter to keep the inside of the treatment tank 75 at a temperature suitable for biodegradation.
[0006]
In the above-mentioned garbage processing apparatus 71, since a low-temperature fermentation bacterium that ferments and liquefies garbage at normal temperature is used, a heater or the like is usually not required. These fermenting bacteria are relatively water-resistant, so it is not necessary to drain the garbage when throwing it in. In addition, due to the nature of these fermenting bacteria, there is almost no unpleasant odor peculiar to fermentation. Since the obtained liquefied material is easy to handle and contains many fertilizer components, it has the advantage that it can be used immediately as liquid fertilizer.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, garbage bags often contain vinyl bags or nylon strings. When such garbage is thrown into the garbage processing apparatus 71, the liquid-permeable member 92 is clogged with a vinyl bag or the like, thereby preventing the liquefied material from flowing down. Similarly, hard foreign matters such as forks may be mixed in the garbage. If these foreign substances are caught between the stirring blade 96 and the liquid-permeable member 92, a mechanical failure may occur or the liquid-permeable member 92 may be damaged in the worst case. When the liquid-permeable member 92 is damaged in this manner, the bacteria bed must first be taken out and then the stirring blade 96 is removed and then repaired. This makes repair work difficult and takes a lot of time and effort.
[0008]
On the other hand, even when the liquid-permeable member 92 is clogged, there is no means for eliminating the clogging of the liquid-permeable member 92, and it is difficult to check the clogging itself. Further, the stirring blades 96 must be driven in a fungus bed or garbage with a large flow resistance, and a large driving power is required. When rice husk is used as the fungus bed, the resistance to biting of the rice husk with respect to the liquid-permeable member 92 is increased, so that even greater power is required.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and with a simple configuration, the fungus bed and garbage can be efficiently stirred with relatively small required power, and the eyes of the liquid-permeable member. An object of the present invention is to provide a garbage disposal device that can eliminate clogging.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, garbage disposal apparatus according to the present invention includes a main body frame, to the body frame is rotatably pivoted, inhabiting aerobic fermentation bacteria decompose garbage at room temperature It is equipped with a treatment tank drum that contains the fungus bed and garbage, and a power source that is connected to the pivot shaft of the treatment tank drum and rotationally drives the treatment tank drum. It is formed as a mouth, and the treatment tank drum is arranged with an axis inclined obliquely with respect to the horizontal direction so that the garbage input is high , and at least a part of the peripheral surface of the treatment tank drum is made of a liquid-permeable member. In the garbage processing apparatus in which a liquid storage tank that collects the liquefied material flowing out from the liquid permeable member is arranged below the processing tank drum, at a position above the processing tank drum and facing the liquid permeable member, Spray water on the liquid-permeable member Water pipe is deployed, pivot shafts provided at the lower end of the processing tank drum, is pivotally supported on the body frame of the processing drum lower side via a bearing, the garbage inlet side end portion of the processing drum, cylinder It is configured to be rotatably supported by a main body frame on the garbage input side through a pair of left and right wheels that roll on the outer peripheral surface of the upper end .
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side configuration diagram illustrating the inside of a garbage disposal apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan configuration diagram partially illustrating the interior of the garbage disposal apparatus. In the garbage processing apparatus 1 shown in each figure, a base 13 is disposed at the bottom of a trapezoidal box-shaped main body casing 2, and a main body frame 4 is erected on the front of the base 13. At the rear part on the base part 13, a body frame 3 having a U-shape in a side view is erected.
[0013]
Between these main body frames 3 and 4, a treatment tank drum 5 that accommodates the bacteria bed 28, the garbage 29 and the like is pivotally supported. The processing tank drum 5 is formed in a substantially truncated-conical cylindrical body. A pivot shaft 5 a on the rear end side (lower end side) of the treatment tank drum 5 is pivotally supported on the main body frame 3 via a bearing 6. The front end side (the end portion on the garbage input side) of the processing tank drum 5 is rotatable to the main body frame 4 via a pair of left and right wheels 7 that roll on the peripheral surface of a cylindrical cylindrical bearing cylinder 17. It is supported. That is, the processing tank drum 5 is arranged such that the axis A thereof is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction, and a cylinder opening in the vicinity of the bearing cylinder 17 is formed as a garbage input 11. A geared motor 8 (an example of a power source) that rotationally drives the processing tank drum 5 is connected to a pivot shaft 5a of the processing tank drum 5 through a chain 8a and the like. As the geared motor 8, for example, a motor having a motor efficiency of about 90% and a capacity of about 0.2 kWh is used.
[0014]
Four rectangular openings are formed in the peripheral surface of the processing tank drum 5, and the liquid-permeable members 22 are screwed through synthetic resin frames so as to cover these rectangular openings. The liquid permeable member 22 is made of, for example, a punching metal made of a stainless steel plate having a thickness of 1 mm and provided with a large number of perforations having a diameter of 1 mm. These perforations are not limited to the 1 mm diameter described above, and may be appropriately set to a hole diameter that allows passage of the liquefied material 25 after decomposition without allowing the bacteria bed 28 and the garbage 29 to pass through. Below the treatment tank drum 5, a tray-type liquid storage tank 12 that receives the liquefied material 25 dropped through the liquid-permeable member 22 is disposed. A drainage pipe 16 communicating with the outside is connected to the side surface of the liquid storage tank 12, and an aeration pipe 14 for blowing air to the liquefied material 25 is provided at the bottom of the liquid storage tank 12. The aeration pipe 14 is connected to an aeration blower 15 for sending air.
[0015]
Thus, a guide cylinder 9 that is slidable on the inner surface of the garbage input port 11 is attached to the opening formed in the main body casing 2 outside the garbage input port 11. The guide tube 9 is provided to guide the bacteria bed 28 and the garbage 29 as far as possible in the processing tank drum 5. The garbage input port 11 is sealed with an outer lid 10 except when it is input. Further, a sprinkling pipe 19 for spraying water toward the liquid permeable member 22 is provided at a position facing the liquid permeable member 22 above the treatment tank drum 5. The water spray pipe 19 communicates with the water supply pipe 20 via the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 21. An inspection opening for maintaining and inspecting the liquid-permeable member 22 is formed on the upper surface of the main casing 2 and is sealed with an inspection lid 23 except during inspection.
[0016]
Further, a heater 24 for keeping the inside of the processing tank drum 5 at a predetermined temperature is provided in the main body casing 2. As the heater 24, for example, a heating blower for heating and sending out air is used. However, an electric heater, a steam heater, or the like may be used as the heater 24. As the microbial bed 28 used in this garbage processing apparatus 1, what is easy to inhabit aerobic fermentation bacteria which decompose | disassemble the garbage 29 at a comparatively low temperature is preferable. Examples of the fungus bed 28 include rice husks, wood chips, and sawdust, but here, rice husks were used. Moreover, the reference input amount of the garbage 29 is approximately 1 part by volume with respect to the 15 parts by volume of the bacteria bed 28, and the apparatus can process 30 kg of the garbage 29 per 24 hours.
[0017]
Here, the control structure of the garbage processing apparatus 1 is shown in FIG. In the garbage processing apparatus 1, the main operation is controlled by a control device 18 composed of, for example, a microcomputer chip. A thermometer 26 that detects the temperature in the vicinity of the processing tank drum 5 in the main body casing 2 is connected to the input side of the control device 18 as a signal. The heater 24, the geared motor 8, the electromagnetic on-off valve 21, and the aeration blower 15 described above are connected to the output side of the control device 18, respectively.
[0018]
Subsequently, the processing operation of the garbage 29 by the garbage processing apparatus 1 having the above-described configuration will be described. First, the outer lid 10 is opened, and a predetermined amount of fungus bed 28 is introduced from the garbage input port 11. Then, when the operation switch (not shown) is turned on, the control device 18 operates the heater 24 so that the temperature inside the device detected by the thermometer 26 approaches the preset target temperature. However, since the inside of the treatment tank drum 5 is maintained at an appropriate temperature by the fermentation heat from the aerobic fermentation bacteria from spring to autumn, it is not necessary to use the heater 24 in principle except during the severe winter season.
[0019]
On the other hand, the control device 18 starts the geared motor 8 and periodically rotates the processing tank drum 5 at a speed of 1 to 2 rpm. The rotating operation of the processing tank drum 5 is performed once every hour by a timer for about 5 minutes. In a state where the inside of the apparatus is maintained at the target temperature, the garbage 29 and an appropriate amount of pH adjuster are charged from the garbage input port 11. At this time, the accommodated fungus bed 28 and the upper surface 27 of the garbage 29 are set at a height when the accommodated amount of the fungus bed 28 and the garbage 29 is about ½ of the internal capacity of the processing tank drum 5. It is preferable to keep the stirring efficiency and the processing efficiency high. Moreover, what is necessary is just to throw in the quantity which can make the whole stored thing which is easy to acidify with decomposition | disassembly approach neutrality with a pH adjuster.
[0020]
Then, the bacteria bed 28, the garbage 29, etc. are stirred by the regular rotation of the processing tank drum 5. As a result, a sufficient amount of air is sent into the fungus bed 28, and the fungus bed 28 and the garbage 29 are evenly mixed, so that the decomposition of the garbage 29 is promoted. That is, in this apparatus, the agitation means for agitating the fungus bed 28 and the garbage 29 by the treatment tank drum 5 arranged to be rotatable about an oblique axis and the geared motor 8 for rotationally driving the treatment tank drum 5. Is configured. By the way, there are countless thorns on the surface of rice husks, and these act as a file to crush the garbage 29 finely and help the decomposition.
[0021]
As a result, the garbage 29 is decomposed into carbon dioxide gas, water and the like by a plurality of aerobic fermentation bacteria, and is liquefied with almost no trace in about a day and night. Since the liquefied product 25 obtained in this manner also contains aerobic fermentation bacteria, even if the organic matter being decomposed leaks from the perforation of the liquid-permeable member 22 and falls into the liquid storage tank 12, the aeration tube 14 It is decomposed and purified by aeration. In addition, since said liquefied material 25 contains a BOD component, a COD component, and SS component, it is preferable to transfer to a downstream septic tank and a water treatment facility, and to perform water treatment. On the other hand, if the liquefied material 25 is appropriately diluted with water, it can be used as liquid fertilizer.
[0022]
Therefore, according to the garbage processing apparatus 1 having the above-described configuration, the bacteria bed 28 and the garbage 29 are uniformly lifted and dropped in the rotating processing tank drum 5 so that the bacteria bed 28 and the garbage 29 are evenly distributed. And is stirred smoothly. In addition, since this garbage disposal apparatus 1 does not have a stirring blade unlike the conventional apparatus, even if a foreign substance or the like is introduced, the foreign substance is not caught. Therefore, the configuration is simple and the geared motor 8 with small power is sufficient.
[0023]
By the way, the fermentation bacteria for liquefaction of raw garbage is strong against water and additionally uses rice husks for the fungus bed. Therefore, there is no problem even if water is sprayed into the processing tank drum 5, and the sprayed water is treated tank. It exhibits a humidifying action in the drum 5 and a cleaning action on the rice husk surface. Therefore, when the liquid-permeable member 22 is turned to the upper part of the processing tank drum 5, most of the contents are dropped to the lower part in the processing tank drum 5 by its own weight. In addition, since the control device 18 opens the electromagnetic on-off valve 21 and sprinkles water from the sprinkling pipe 19 to forcibly wash the permeable member 22, the clogging of the permeable member 22 can be further prevented.
[0024]
If the liquid-permeable member 22 is still clogged, the liquid-permeable member 22 can be easily removed simply by loosening the screws and removing the synthetic resin frame, and the removed liquid-permeable member 22 is easily cleaned. obtain. Then, the inside of the drum can be inspected through the rectangular opening from which the liquid-permeable member 22 has been removed and the inspection opening from which the inspection lid 23 has been removed. If foreign matter has accumulated in the drum, the foreign matter has passed through the rectangular opening and the inspection opening. It is also possible to remove.
[0025]
If an inspection hatch (not shown) is provided on the side wall of the main body casing 2 above the liquid storage tank 12, the inside of the main body casing 2 and the liquid storage tank 12 can be inspected. Can also be cleaned regularly. Further, since the upper end opening of the processing tank drum 5 is used as the garbage input port 11, the fungus bed 28 and the garbage 29 in the drum do not reach the garbage input port 11 even when the processing tank drum 5 rotates. Therefore, the structure of the outer lid 10 for sealing the garbage input port 11 is simple, and the garbage 29 can be easily input.
[0026]
In each of the above-described embodiments, the punching metal is used as the liquid-permeable member, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a metal net body made of a wire that hardly rusts, a knitted body knitted with high-strength synthetic resin fibers, and the like can also be used as the liquid-permeable member. Further, the liquid permeable member is not limited to a mode used for a part of the outer peripheral surface of the processing tank drum, and it is also possible to configure almost the entire outer peripheral surface of the processing tank drum with the liquid permeable member.
[0027]
In addition, if an infrared lamp, for example, is provided in the main body casing in the vicinity of the processing tank drum, temperature adjustment in the processing tank drum and growth of photosynthetic bacteria can be promoted.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the garbage processing apparatus according to the present invention, the fungus bed and garbage roll in the rotating processing tank drum, so that the fungus bed and garbage can be stirred smoothly. In addition, since the conventional apparatus does not have a stirring blade, even if foreign matter is introduced, the foreign matter is not caught. Because of these advantages, the present invention is simple to construct and requires a small power source. In addition, when the liquid-permeable member is turned to the upper part of the rotating processing tank drum, most of the fungus bed and garbage or foreign matter adhering to the liquid-permeable member falls to the lower part of the processing tank drum by its own weight. Therefore, serious clogging of the liquid-permeable member can be avoided.
[0029]
In addition , the processing tank drum is arranged with an axis inclined obliquely with respect to the horizontal direction, and a garbage input is formed at the upper end of the cylinder of the processing tank drum, so that the fungus bed and garbage can be stirred efficiently. Can do. In addition, since the cylindrical opening at the upper end of the processing tank drum can be used as the garbage input, the structure of the lid for sealing the garbage input is simple, or the apparatus can be obstructed even if this lid is not provided. It can be operated without waste, and it becomes easy to throw in garbage.
Furthermore, since the water spray pipe for spraying water toward the liquid permeable member of the treatment tank drum is provided, the water spray from the water spray pipe forcibly cleans the liquid permeable member, further preventing clogging of the liquid permeable member. can do.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side configuration diagram showing the inside of a garbage disposal apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view partially showing the inside of the garbage processing apparatus.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a control configuration of the garbage processing apparatus.
FIG. 4 is a side view showing the inside of a conventional garbage processing apparatus.
FIG. 5 is a front configuration diagram showing the inside of the conventional garbage processing apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Garbage disposal equipment
2 body casing 3, 4 body frame
5 treatment tank drum 5 a pivot
7 wheels
8 geared motor (power source)
1 1 Garbage input 1 2 Storage tank
19 sprinkling pipe 2 2 liquid permeable member 25 liquefact 28 mushroom bed 29 Namago Mi
A axis

Claims (1)

A body frame, to this body frame is rotatably pivoted, and the processing drum for accommodating a fungal bed and garbage inhabiting aerobic fermentation bacteria decompose garbage at room temperature, the pivot of the processing drum A power source connected to the support shaft to rotate the processing tank drum, and a cylindrical opening at the upper end of the processing tank drum is formed as a garbage input, so that the processing tank drum has a higher garbage input. It is arranged with an axis inclined obliquely with respect to the horizontal direction , at least a part of the peripheral surface of the processing tank drum is constituted by a liquid permeable member, and the liquefied material flowing out from the liquid permeable member is received below the processing tank drum. in garbage disposer which reservoir is arranged at a position facing the liquid-member a position above the processing drum, sprinkling pipe is deployed for spraying water toward the liquid-permeable member, the processing drum The pivot shaft provided at the lower end of A garbage input port through a pair of left and right wheels pivoted on the main body frame on the lower end side of the processing tank drum via a bearing, and the end of the processing tank drum rolling on the outer peripheral surface of the upper end of the cylinder A garbage disposal apparatus which is rotatably supported by a main body frame on the side .

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