JP2003126824A - Zero sludge septic tank and fermentation treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a zero sludge septic tank and a fermentation treatment apparatus capable of discharging zero sludge and composting garbage to full maturity. SOLUTION: The fermentation treatment apparatus is provided with a fermentation treatment tank 1 having an intermittently operating agitator 2 and a plurality chambers 1a and 1b and a septic tank 4 having a filtration means 9. Each chamber of the fermentation treatment tank 1 is capable of storing a garbage A crushed by a crusher 7 through a branch unit 8, the septic tank 4 receives a water content B squeezed out from the garbage A through side wall holes of each chamber of the fermentation treatment tank 1 at the tank bottom, and discharges a filtrated water C to a disinfecting tank 11 through the filtration means 9. And an injection means 12 jetting a part of the filtrated water C with air to the tank bottom wherein sludge is deposited, and a returning means 13 returning a sludge D collected at the tank bottom to the branch unit 8 are provided. While the garbage is fermented and decomposed in one of the fermentation treatment tanks, composting to full maturity is proceeded in the other treatment tanks and the water content squeezed out through the side wall holes of each chamber of the fermentation tanks is discharged through the disinfecting tank after filtration in the septic tank, and the deposited sludge at the bottom of the septic tank is activated to be circulated and returned to the fermentation treatment tank.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a zero sludge septic tank and a fermentation treatment apparatus capable of composting raw garbage (food residues) from food processing factories, restaurants, schools, hospitals, etc. with zero sludge discharge. Is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, for processing food waste, at least a fermentation treatment tank for storing food waste, a stirrer for intermittently stirring the food waste in the fermentation treatment tank, and a supply of microorganisms for fermentative decomposition of the food waste. Was required, and the volume of the garbage was reduced to about 1/20 by growing the microorganisms in the tank containing the garbage.

The above-mentioned microorganisms are a thermophilic and aerobic group of microorganisms, but the conditions necessary for the symbiosis of these microorganisms have not been elucidated so far, which may lead to a spoilage accident due to lack of oxygen. However, as a result of continuing the research of the Bacillus group, which is an aerobic microorganism that can grow at medium and high temperatures, for many years, the present inventor added a growth component and a deodorant to a plurality of bacteria extracted from soil. We have developed a special complex bacterium (hereinafter referred to as "OKZ bacterium"), and have obtained the results of resource recycling through food waste fermentation processing.

Based on these results, garbage is no longer a waste, but a powerful weapon that contributes to the development of organic agriculture and low-pollution livestock production, and is in the limelight in the wake of the desire to conserve the global environment. , Households, companies, local governments, etc. are showing signs of widespread adoption.

[0005]

However, in the above-mentioned food waste fermentation treatment, it has been impossible to make the sludge discharge to zero and to make it into a fully-ripened compost. The present invention solves this problem. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a sludge-free septic tank and a fermentation treatment apparatus capable of completely composting raw garbage with zero sludge discharge.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a sludge-free septic tank and a fermentation treatment apparatus according to the present invention have an agitator that operates intermittently, and a fermentation treatment tank having a plurality of chambers,
And a septic tank having a filtering means, each chamber of the fermentation treatment tank is adapted to be able to accommodate the food waste crushed by a crusher through a branching machine, and the septic tank is each chamber of the fermentation treatment tank. The water squeezed from raw garbage is received from the tank bottom through the hole in the side wall of the tank, and the filtered water that has passed through the filtering means is allowed to flow out to the disinfection tank, and a part of the filtered water is accumulated by sludge. It is characterized in that it is equipped with an injection means for ejecting together with air to the bottom of the tank, and a returning means for returning the sludge accumulated on the bottom of the tank to the branching machine, in which one garbage is fermented and decomposed in one fermentation treatment tank. In the meanwhile, while proceeding to full-fledged composting in other treatment tanks, the water squeezed through the side walls of each chamber of the fermentation treatment tank is filtered by the septic tank, drained through the disinfection tank, and accumulated on the bottom of the septic tank. Activated sludge is activated and circulated back to the fermentation tank It was configured to kill.

The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the intermittent operation of the stirrer operates for 10 minutes and stops for 3 hours and 50 minutes. It was constructed so as not to take away the respiratory fever of.

Furthermore, the invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the filtering means of the septic tank comprises a plastic fiber layer sandwiched between perforated plastic plates, and water is squeezed through the side wall of each chamber of the fermentation processing tank. Also, it was configured so that solid matters floating in water can be reliably captured.

Furthermore, the invention as set forth in claim 4 is characterized in that the injection means uses a micropump, and the sludge deposited on the bottom of the septic tank can be negatively ionized.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a schematic explanatory view showing the overall configuration of the apparatus of the present application, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a side wall of a fermentation treatment tank,
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the filtering means.

In the figure, 1 is a fermentation treatment tank for food waste,
The fermentation treatment tank 1 is divided into a plurality of chambers 1a and 1b.
Each of these chambers 1a and 1b is provided with a stirrer 2 having a common drive unit 2a. In addition, each chamber 1 of the processing tank 1
Heaters 1c and 1c for controlling the temperature inside the room are provided on the outer bottom portions of a and 1b so that they can be individually controlled.

As shown in FIG. 2, innumerable small holes 1d are provided on the side walls of the chambers 1a and 1b of the fermentation treatment tank 1 so that water contained in the garbage A can be squeezed through the small holes 1d. It has become. The small hole 1d on the side wall may have a diameter of about 1 mmφ, and the water (untreated water) B squeezed through the small hole 1d is collected by the water collecting member 3 and introduced into the septic tank 4 through the conduit 3'from its bottom. Has become. The inflow to the bottom of the tank may utilize a head, and a pump (not shown) may be provided in the middle of the conduit 3 '.

In each of the chambers 1a and 1b of the fermentation treatment tank 1,
The garbage thrown from the garbage throwing hopper 5 is crushed by a crusher 7 provided in the middle of the conduit 6, sorted by a branching machine 8 and stored through a branch branch pipe 6a or 6b.

The crusher 7 provided in the middle of the conduit 6 is provided with a pair of rotary cutters 7a, 7b which can crush the garbage thrown from the hopper 5 to a size of about 1 cm. The rotary cutters 7a and 7b are driven by a driving machine (not shown) provided outside the conduit 6 and have a function of transporting crushed pieces (garbage) toward the branch machine 8. . Although the head can be used for transportation in this drawing,
This is because the pipe may be horizontal or nearly horizontal and the head cannot be used.

The branching machine 8 treats the crushed food waste flowing down the conduit 6 in one chamber 1a of the fermentation treatment tank 1.
(Or 1b), the movable blade 8 '
have. It does not matter whether the movable blade 8'is driven by automatic control means or manual control means.

The drive unit 2a of the agitator 2 is adapted to operate intermittently. Specifically, it is adjusted to rotate for 10 minutes and stop for 3 hours and 50 minutes. This is effective in avoiding excessive supply of air into each chamber of the fermentation treatment tank and preventing deprivation of the respiratory heat of microorganisms. The rotation speed may be a slow rotation of about 3 rotations per minute.

A filtering means 9 is provided in the middle layer of the septic tank 4. The filtering means 9 squeezes water from raw garbage through small holes 1d provided on the side walls of each chamber of the fermentation treatment tank 1 and collects it with the water collecting member 3, and the water (untreated water) B flowing from the bottom of the tank B Is filtered while it overflows onto the tank, and can be made to flow out as filtered water C from the tank to the disinfection tank 11 via the communication pipe 10. The filtered water C is sterilized in the sterilization tank 11, and then the outflow pipe 11a is used as the final treated water C '.
Through which it is drained to the general sewer.

The filtering means 9 is a suspended matter (solid content) contained in the untreated water B squeezed from the side wall of the fermentation treatment tank 1.
For filtering the plastic fiber layer 9a and the plastic plate 9 having numerous holes 9b 'as shown in FIG.
It is sandwiched by b. The hole diameter of the perforated plastic plate 9b is set to about 3 cm to prevent clogging. Also, the plastic fiber layer 9a and the perforated plastic plate 9
The b may be laminated in a plurality of stages in consideration of the property of food waste.

The septic tank 4 is equipped with an injection means 12 for taking in a part of the filtered water C from the intake port 12a and injecting it into the tank bottom together with air through the conduit 12b. The jet flow by the jetting means 12 has a sludge accumulating chamber provided with sludge D accumulated on the bottom of the septic tank 4 filled with the untreated water B on the back side (the wall side facing the jet port 12c of the jetting means 12). It is supposed to be accumulated in 13.

The injection means 12 can be satisfied by using a micro pump. That is, the micropump injects the filtered water C together with the air into microparticles at the bottom of the tank filled with the untreated water B, so that negative ions are generated and the sludge D accumulated in the sludge accumulation chamber 13 is generated. This is because it has been experimentally confirmed that the microorganisms contained therein are activated (growth about 5 times).

The septic tank 4 is further provided with a returning means 14 for pumping up the sludge D accumulated in the sludge accumulating chamber 13 and returning it to the branching machine 8. The returning means 14 opens an input end 14b of a pumping pump (gear pump) 14a into the sludge accumulation chamber 13 and an output end 14c of the conduit 14d.
It is opened to the upstream side of the branching machine 8 via the. When operating the gear pump 14a, the sludge accumulation chamber 1
The opening / closing shutter 13a provided at the entrance of 3 is closed. This is because the sludge D containing microorganisms already accumulated in the sludge accumulation chamber 13 and activated by the action of negative ions is returned to the branching machine 8.

Next, the operation of the apparatus of the present invention shown in the above embodiment will be described. First, each room 1 of the fermentation treatment tank 1
To a and 1b, a mixture of a fungal bed (for example, 10 to 15 kg of rice bran rice mixed with the above-mentioned OKZ bacteria at a volume ratio of about 1/1000 is introduced, and the agitator 2 is rotated to agitate and mix.

Next, raw garbage (for example, food waste such as vegetable scraps, fish roe, soybean meal, bread scraps, and leftover food) is charged from the garbage disposal hopper 5. The raw garbage is crushed to a size of about 1 cm by a crusher 7 provided in the middle of the conduit 6, and then passed through the branching machine 8 to branch the branch pipe 6a (or 6b) to the fermentation treatment tank 1
It is housed in one chamber 1a (or 1b).

One chamber 1a (or 1) of the fermentation treatment tank 1
In b), the water contained when the food waste is crushed by the crusher 7 is also stored. Then, the bacterial bed (OK
Rice bran containing Z bacteria, etc.) also functions as a moisture regulator,
The water content is adjusted to 50% to 60%, but the excess water is squeezed from the numerous small holes 1d provided in the side wall of each chamber 1a (or 1b) of the fermentation treatment tank 1 to collect the water collecting member 3. It is guided to the bottom of the septic tank 4 via.

One chamber 1a (or 1) of the fermentation treatment tank 1
By being stirred by the agitator 2 in b), the temperature of the fungus bed gradually rises, and the temperature of the food waste is maintained at about 50 ° C after the OKZ bacterium induction period. In this process, the heater 1c provided on the outer bottom may be operated as needed. Thus, the water content in the tank chamber is reduced and the volume of food waste is also significantly reduced. In addition, in the above process, the water content and pH in the tank chamber may be measured and a regulator such as calcium carbonate may be used for alkalization, if necessary.

On the other hand, the untreated water B squeezed from the side wall of the fermentation treatment tank 1 and collected by the water collecting member 3 and flowing into the bottom of the purification tank 4 through the conduit 3'is filtered by the filtering means 9. The filtered water C that has been treated is discharged from the communication pipe 10 to the disinfection tank 11, is disinfected, and is drained to the sewer. Then, a part of the filtered water C flowing out to the disinfection tank 11 is taken in by the injection means (micro pump) 12, and the septic tank 4 is
It is sprayed with the air on the bottom of the tank.

Negative ions are generated in the jet of microparticulates jetted together with the air by the micropump, so that the sludge accumulation chamber 13 communicating with the bottom of the tank is formed.
The microorganisms in the sludge D accumulated in the are activated. Therefore, one chamber 1a is pumped up by the gear pump 13a and the processing of the processing tank 1 is continued from the branching machine 8 again.
(Or 1b). The return of the sludge D also has the meaning of supplying water to the dried garbage as a result of the temperature inside the tank of the fermentation treatment tank 1 rising due to the absorption heat of aerobic bacteria (OKZ bacteria).

Thus, in the one chamber 1a (or 1b) of the fermentation treatment tank 1 which has received the return of the sludge D, the garbage (crushed material) which is being composted and the newly added garbage ( The crushed material) and the returned sludge are agitated and mixed by the agitator 2 and the water content again increases. The excess water at that time is again squeezed from the side wall of the fermentation treatment tank 1 and repeatedly introduced into the septic tank 4.

Thus, one chamber 1a of the processing tank 1
When the amount of compost in (or 1b) reaches a certain amount, the movable blades 8'of the branching machine 8 are switched, and the additional amount of new food waste is supplied to the other chamber 1b (or 1a). Then, in the other chamber 1b (or 1a), the same fermentation process (composting) as described above proceeds. During this time, even in the previous chamber 1a (or 1b) that has already been composted, the agitator 2 is operating at a constant timing (operating for 10 minutes, stopping for 3 hours and 50 minutes), so water supply and absorption are repeated (returning). Role of), shift to fully fertilized fertilizer.

Thus, the fermentation treatment tank 1 having a plurality of chambers
Fermentation treatment is performed in one room while ripe composting treatment is performed in the other room. In other words, if fermentation processing (fertilization) is completed in one room, then it shifts to fully fertilized fertilizer, and when fully fermented fertilizer is completed, it is taken out and emptied, and again fermented (fertilization) shifts. To do. This operation can be switched only by switching the movable blades 8'of the branching machine 8. Moreover, the sludge generated during this period is activated,
Since it is returned (circulated) to the fermentation treatment tank and used effectively, it is never discharged outside.

As described above, the fully fertilized fertilizer taken out from one chamber of the fermentation treatment tank 1 is put on a sieving machine, sorted, packed in bags, and shipped. In the device of the present application, the raw garbage (crushed material) has a center internal temperature of about 60 to 70 ° C on the second day after being put into one chamber of the fermentation treatment tank 1, and 75 ° C or higher on the third day. Since the pH also rises, pathogenic bacteria, parasites, weed seeds, etc. are completely killed.

[0032]

As described above, the sludge-free septic tank and the fermentation treatment apparatus according to the present invention include an agitator that operates intermittently, a fermentation treatment tank having a plurality of chambers, and a septic tank having a filtering means. Each chamber of the fermentation treatment tank is configured to be able to accommodate raw garbage that has been crushed by a crusher through a branching machine, and the septic tank has been squeezed through holes in the side wall of each chamber of the fermentation treatment tank. Injecting means for receiving water from the bottom of the tank and discharging filtered water that has passed through the filtering means to the disinfection tank, and ejecting a part of the filtered water together with air to the tank bottom where sludge is accumulated, Since the sludge accumulated at the bottom of the tank is provided with a returning means for returning the sludge to the branching machine, while the crushed food waste is fermented and decomposed in one chamber of the processing tank, the other tank In the room, ripe composting can proceed and the treatment tank The water discharged from the chamber is filtered in the septic tank and drained through the disinfection tank, and the sludge accumulated at the bottom of the septic tank is activated and returned to contribute to the fermentation process, so it can be discharged to the outside. It has an excellent effect that it does not exist.

Further, the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the intermittent operation of the stirrer operates for 10 minutes and stops for 3 hours and 50 minutes. Therefore, the air in the fermentation treatment tank is excessive. It has the excellent effect of avoiding the above-mentioned problem and not depriving the respiratory heat of microorganisms, and therefore can efficiently perform composting and ripe composting.

Further, the invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the filtering means of the septic tank comprises a plastic fiber layer sandwiched between perforated plastic plates. Therefore, the filtering means of the septic tank is a plastic fiber layer. It is characterized by alternately stacking perforated plastic plates and perforated plastic plates, it is possible to reliably capture the solid content contained in the water after removing the solid content of raw garbage, making it possible to make the treated water cleaner It has a great effect.

Furthermore, the invention as set forth in claim 4 is characterized in that the injection means provided in the septic tank uses a micro pump, so that the sludge accumulated at the bottom of the septic tank can be negatively ionized, It has an excellent effect that it can contribute to the formation of activated sludge.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the device of the present application.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a side wall of a fermentation treatment tank.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a filtering means.

[Explanation of symbols]

Treatment tank of 1 garbage 1a, 1b Each divided chamber of the processing tank 1c small hole 2 stirrer 2a drive 3 Water collecting member 3'conduit 4 septic tank 5 Garbage input hopper 6 conduits 6a, 6b Branch branch pipe 7 crusher 7a, 7b rotary cutter 8 branching machines 8'movable blade 9 Filtering means 9a plastic fiber layer 9b Perforated plastic plate 9b 'hole 10 communication tubes 11 disinfection tank 11a Outflow pipe 12 injection means 12a Intake port 12b conduit 12c injection port 13 Sludge accumulation chamber 13a Open / close shutter 14 Returning means 14a Pumping pump (gear pump) 14b Input end 14c Output end 14d conduit A garbage (crushed materials) B Water extracted from kitchen garbage (untreated water) C filtered water C'Final treated water D sludge

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) C02F 11/02 B01D 23/10 CF term (reference) 4D004 AA03 BA04 CA04 CA19 CA35 CB05 CB12 CB28 CB32 CB42 CC07 CC12 DA09 DA13 4D019 AA03 BA13 BB13 CB04 4D028 AB00 AC00 BC03 BC17 BC24 BD12 BD17 4D041 AA21 BB06 BB10 BB21 CB04 4D059 AA07 BA22 BA28 BA56 BE02 BE13 BE34 BE35 BE51 BF14 BF15 BJ03 BJ14 CC16 DA03 DA38 DA38 DA38

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A fermentation treatment tank having an agitator that operates intermittently and having a plurality of chambers, and a septic tank having a filtration means, each chamber of the fermentation treatment tank being a branching machine for crushing food waste crushed by a crusher. The septic tank receives the water squeezed from raw garbage from the tank bottom through the holes in the side wall of each chamber of the fermentation treatment tank, and disinfects the filtered water that has passed through the filtering means. An ejecting means for ejecting a part of the filtered water together with air to the tank bottom where sludge is accumulated, and a returning means for returning the sludge accumulated in the tank bottom to the branching machine. A sludge-free septic tank and fermentation treatment device, which are equipped with 2. The sludge-free septic tank and the fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the intermittent operation of the stirrer operates for 10 minutes and stops for 3 hours and 50 minutes. 3. The sludge-free septic tank and the fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the filtration means of the septic tank comprises a plastic fiber layer sandwiched between perforated plastic plates. 4. The sludge-free septic tank and the fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the injection means uses a micropump.