JP3399873B2 - How to build a dome structure - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for constructing a building structure having a dome-shaped roof structure, such as a tank structure serving as a water distribution reservoir.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A dome structure is characterized by a spherical curved dome roof that looks like a bowl. The dome roof is supported only by the outer peripheral edge of the dome roof and does not have a support structure such as a pillar on the center side, so that the internal space can be used widely and can be effectively used. Such a dome structure is useful for a tank structure, a warehouse, or the like that stores a liquid or the like inside.

In the construction of a dome structure, a floor slab, a peripheral side wall, etc. are sequentially constructed on the construction surface, and then a dome roof is constructed on the upper side of the peripheral side wall. In order to build a dome roof without pillar support structure, support structures and dome formwork that reach the position of the dome roof are installed in the inner space of the peripheral side wall, and these support structures and formwork are used. , Doing the construction work of the dome roof such as arranging reinforcing bars and placing concrete.

In such a method for constructing a dome roof, there is a problem that the supporting work and the erection work of the formwork are extremely large-scale work, and the work time and work cost are required. Moreover, since the dome roof is constructed entirely in the upper space away from the ground, there are many technical difficulties and it is difficult to ensure safety when working in high places. In order to solve such problems,
A method of constructing a dome structure by constructing a dome roof on the ground and then lifting the completed dome roof above the peripheral side wall has been proposed. If the dome roof is constructed on the ground, large-scale support work and erection work of the formwork are not required, and the work can be performed efficiently and safely.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 11-6325 discloses a method of hoisting a dome roof constructed on a slab to the upper side of a side wall via a cable by a lifting mount installed on the top of the side wall.

[0006]

In the above-mentioned prior art, it is necessary to construct the dome roof in an independent state where it is not supported by the peripheral side wall, and perform the work of lifting the constructed dome roof alone to the upper space. The dome roof must be strong enough. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the thickness of concrete forming the dome roof and dispose a large number of reinforcing bars inside, which causes a problem that construction takes time and costs are high.

If the weight of the dome roof is increased to increase its strength, it becomes difficult to lift the dome roof from the ground to the upper space. In the suspension method using the cable described above, it is necessary to use a thick cable or to increase the number of cables, which requires a large-scale facility,
Work efficiency also decreases. In addition, the cable suspension device must be installed at the upper part of the peripheral side wall, that is, at a high place, and the work takes time and cost. In order to support a heavy dome roof, it is necessary to increase the thickness and strength of the peripheral side wall, which increases labor and cost.

In addition, the structure of the dome roof, if its own weight is excessively increased, rather reduces the structural strength and increases the load applied to the peripheral side walls, which adversely affects the durability of the dome structure after construction. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to facilitate the work of lifting the dome roof constructed on the floor slab to the upper space in a simple and efficient manner to facilitate the construction of the dome structure.

[0009]

A method of constructing a dome structure according to the present invention comprises a floor slab, a peripheral side wall standing on the floor slab, and a dome arranged above the peripheral side wall and covering the inside of the peripheral side wall. A method of constructing a dome structure having a roof,
The following steps (a) to (c) are included. On the floor slab, as a dome roof, has a dome-shaped shell surface portion, a peripheral ring portion arranged on the outer periphery of the shell surface portion, and a PC steel material arranged along the circumferential direction of the peripheral ring portion, Step (a) of constructing a dome roof with prestress in the circumferential direction by tensioning and fixing PC steel.

Dome roof with prestress introduced
Step (b) of lifting and supporting in the space above the floor slab. Step (c) of constructing a peripheral side wall below the raised dome roof and connecting the peripheral side wall and the dome roof. [Dome structure] Applicable to ordinary water distribution tanks, warehouses, stadiums, meeting venues, exhibition halls, and other structures that require a dome-shaped space.

The dome structure comprises a floor slab, a peripheral side wall and a dome roof. In the case of a container-like structure such as a water distribution tank, a nearly sealed space is formed. Depending on the purpose, there may be a case where an opening serving as an entrance / exit for people or articles is provided in a part of the dome roof or the side wall. [Construction of Dome Roof] As for the structure of the dome roof, basically the same shape and structure as the dome roof in a normal dome structure can be adopted. The basic material forming the dome roof is concrete, but steel materials, wood, synthetic resins, glass, etc. can also be used in combination.

The dome roof comprises a dome-shaped shell surface portion forming a so-called round roof, a peripheral ring portion arranged on the outer periphery of the shell surface portion, and a PC steel material arranged along the circumferential direction of the peripheral ring portion. Have. The shell surface portion usually has a curved surface shape obtained by cutting a part of a spherical surface, but even if it is not a strict spherical surface, it can be regarded as a substantially spherical surface, or a curved surface shape other than a spherical surface, or a spherical surface. It may be a combination of shapes other than spherical.

A steel material for prestressed concrete (hereinafter referred to as PC steel material) is arranged along the circumferential direction in the circumferential ring portion and fixed in a state of being tensioned by applying a strong tensile force to the PC steel material. To do. As a result, the stress generated in the shell surface portion is in a state in which only the axial force acts, and it suffices that the structure has a structure capable of handling only this axial force. The PC steel material may be embedded in the circumferential ring portion of the dome roof, or may be wound around the outer circumference of the circumferential ring portion. The strength of the prestress to be introduced depends on the structure of the dome roof and the conditions such as the required strength, but a compressive force corresponding to the weight of the shell surface and the load is applied to the circumferential ring.

By adopting such a prestress structure, the strength and durability of the dome roof are improved. As a result, the thickness of the dome roof, especially the shell surface portion can be reduced. Also, the number of reinforcing bars arranged on the dome roof can be reduced and the wire diameter can be reduced. The specific dimensions of the dome roof are
Although it depends on the size of the entire dome structure,
The dome roof has a radius of 10 to 50 m and the shell surface has a thickness of 10
It is set to about 15 cm. This thickness is defined by the thickness of the structure of the shell surface portion, and does not include the thickness of decorative mortar or paint applied to finish the surface.

The dome roof can be constructed of cast-in-place concrete or the PC panel construction method using precast concrete panels. In the case of cast-in-place concrete, it is formed by installing a formwork corresponding to the shape of the dome roof, arranging reinforcing bars as necessary, and placing concrete in the formwork. In the PC panel method, the entire shell surface of the dome roof is formed by combining a plurality of precast panels. The precast panel is one in which a roughly spherical shape of the shell surface portion is divided into a plurality of fan surfaces in the circumferential direction, or is divided in the circumferential direction and also in a plurality of steps in the radial direction.

Each precast panel is made of a concrete plate in which reinforcing bars are arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions, and may be produced at the factory and brought to the construction site. Alternatively, the precast panel is manufactured by placing concrete on the panel formwork. May be. When constructing the dome roof, it is possible to install a receiving metal fitting used for lifting work of the dome roof, which will be described later. It is preferable that the bracket be attached to the circumferential ring portion. [Dome roof lifting] The heavy object lifting technology in ordinary civil engineering and construction technology can be applied. Lifting devices such as cranes and jacks are used.

The following method can be adopted as a method for reliably and easily lifting the heavy dome roof to a predetermined position. A plurality of erection jacks are provided along the outer circumference of the dome roof to support the dome roof and to have vertically movable load receiving stands. Place the erection jack on the outside or inside of the slab so that it does not interfere with the construction of the peripheral side wall.

As the erection jack, a jack device for civil engineering which is driven by ordinary hydraulic pressure is used. The number and layout of the erection jacks are set appropriately according to the weight and structure of the dome roof. However, the weight of the dome roof should be set so that only at least a part of the erection jacks used, usually half of them, can support the weight. On the dome roof,
A receiving metal fitting can be provided at a position where the load receiving base of the erection jack abuts. The bracket is made of steel or the like.
The shape of the bracket is set so that the load on the entire dome roof can be supported by the brackets at multiple locations.

The working steps are as follows (b-1) (b-2)
Repeat (b-3). Step (b-1): With some of the erection jacks at a plurality of erection jacks, the load receiving base is raised to lift the dome roof. The number of erection jacks for raising the load pedestal can be set arbitrarily, and at least one erection jack that does not raise the load pedestal remains. Normally, half the total number of erection jacks is used. In this case, the erection jacks arranged on the outer circumference of the dome roof may be used alternately. The height at which the dome roof is lifted is set to the height for one or a plurality of pillar blocks described later.

Step (b-2): An erection jack in which the load pedestal is not raised, and a pillar block is inserted between the load cradle and the dome roof, and the pillar block is fixed to the dome roof. The strut block is made of a steel material such as a steel plate or a steel rod, or an assembly of steel materials, and has a connecting structure for vertically connecting the strut blocks. As the connection structure, a connection structure similar to ordinary support work can be adopted, and examples include a fastening structure using bolts and a fitting structure. If the bracket for the dome roof is also provided with the same connecting structure as the pillar block, it is easy to fix the pillar block to the dome roof.

One or a plurality of column blocks are inserted for each erection jack to fill the gap between the dome roof and the load receiving base. When inserting a plurality of pillar blocks, the pillar blocks arranged above and below are connected and fixed. Step (b-3): With the erection jack with the load pedestal raised, lower the load pedestal to make a gap with the dome roof, insert the pillar block into this gap, and place the pillar block on the dome roof. Fix it. The erection jack that lowers the load receiving base may be all the erection jacks that have been lifted in the previous step, or some of the erection jacks. If you divide the erection jack with the load pedestal raised into multiple sets and perform this process in order, finally, for all the erection jacks, the pillar blocks will be placed between the load pedestal and the dome roof. Will be inserted.

As a result of the above steps, the dome roof is supported on all the erection jacks via the pillar blocks. The dome roof will be lifted by the height of the inserted pillar block. By repeating the above steps (b-1) (b-2) (b-3), the dome roof can be lifted to a desired height and stably supported in that state. In this state, if a space where the peripheral side wall can be constructed is opened inside the erection jack and the pillar block, the peripheral side wall can be constructed while supporting the dome roof. [Construction of Peripheral Side Wall] A general technique for constructing a peripheral side wall in a dome structure can be applied.

It is possible to adopt the on-site construction in which the formwork is constructed on the construction site and concrete is poured into the formwork. It is also possible to adopt a method of assembling precast panels manufactured in advance and pouring space-filling concrete in the gaps between the panels to combine and integrate them. Prestress can be introduced into the circumferential side wall in one or both of the circumferential direction and the axial direction.

After the peripheral side wall is constructed, the peripheral side wall and the dome roof are combined and integrated. Specifically, the gap between the peripheral side wall and the dome roof may be filled with concrete or the like.
Reinforcing bars connecting the peripheral side wall and the dome roof can be arranged. Vertical prestress can be introduced between the peripheral side wall and the dome roof. Specifically, by arranging a PC steel material penetrating at least a part of the peripheral side wall and the dome roof, and fixing both ends of the PC steel material to both the peripheral side wall and the dome roof in a state where a tension force is applied to the PC steel material. Good. P
It is also possible to fix both ends of the C steel material to the slab sandwiching the dome roof and the peripheral side wall.

When the dome roof is supported by the side wall, the supporting structure of the dome roof such as the erection jack and the pillar block can be removed. For the dome structure consisting of the side wall and the dome roof, finish the outer surface with mortar, install piping, electrical wiring, stairs and handrails for workers to climb, and other necessary equipment. Work is done and the construction of the dome structure is completed.

[0026]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A method for constructing a dome structure whose schematic structure is shown in FIG. 1 will be described. The dome structure includes a circular floor slab 20, a cylindrical peripheral side wall 50 standing on the floor slab 20 along the outer periphery of the floor slab 20, and a substantially spherical shape arranged at the upper end of the peripheral side wall 50. And the dome roof 10 forming the. [Construction process of floor slab 20] The floor slab 20 is basically constructed in the same process as in the case of a normal dome structure.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the ground is dug down a little, a form is installed, reinforcing bars are reinforced if necessary, and concrete is poured to form a floor slab 20. .
A housing recess 22 for installing the erection jack 30 is formed on the outer periphery of the floor slab 20. As shown in FIG. 3, a housing recess 22 is formed in the floor slab 20 for each of the erection jacks 30 arranged at a plurality of positions at equal intervals along the outer periphery of the dome roof 10.

The erection jack 30 has a load pedestal 32 at the upper end thereof, which is vertically movable. In the erection jack 30 accommodated in the accommodation recess 22, the load receiving base 32 at the upper end is arranged at the same position as the upper surface of the floor slab 20 or slightly above. The load receiving base 32 is operated by hydraulic pressure so that the operation of the erection jacks 30 at a plurality of locations can be centrally controlled by a separately installed control device or the like. [Dome Roof 10 Construction Process] The dome roof 10 is constructed on the floor slab 20.

The dome roof 10 is provided with a shell surface portion 12 which is a curved surface obtained by cutting off a part of a spherical surface, and a peripheral ring portion 14 which surrounds the outer periphery of the shell surface portion 12 and is thicker than the thickness of the shell surface portion 12. As shown in FIG. 3, the shell surface portion 12 having a plane circular shape.
Is composed of a plurality of substantially fan-shaped precast panels 12a obtained by dividing a circle in the circumferential direction. Each panel 12
Filling concrete 12b is poured at the boundary of a and the apex where all the tips of the panels 12a gather.

As shown in FIG. 2, the circumferential ring portion 14 has a lower portion 1
4b and an upper part 14a are formed separately. This is because, after the lower portion 14b is cast and formed by concrete, the shell surface portion 12 is formed thereon, and then the upper portion 14a is formed to complete the circumferential ring portion 14. By adopting such a structure, the shell surface portion 12 can be easily formed, the load of the shell surface portion 12 can be reliably supported by the circumferential ring portion 14, and the structural strength of the entire dome roof 10 is increased.

As shown in FIG. 3, a PC steel material 16 is embedded in the circumferential ring portion 14 along the circumferential direction. As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of PC steel materials 16 are arranged vertically.
The concrete of the peripheral ring portion 14 is cast into the PC steel material 16, and after curing, a strong tensile force is applied in the axial direction to bring the PC steel material 16 into a tension state, and so-called prestress is introduced. This prestress acts on the circumferential ring portion 14 and the shell surface portion 12 inside thereof in a direction of compressing the shell surface portion 12 toward the center side, and opposes the force of deforming the shell surface portion 12 so as to expand to the outer peripheral side, and the structure of the dome roof 10 Improves strength or durability.

In the construction work of the dome roof 10 described above,
Installing a formwork for concrete placement on the floor slab 20,
For this purpose, support work and installation of scaffolds for work are performed. However, since the height of the slab 20 relative to the floor, that is, the height of the dome roof 10 with respect to the ground is only a bulge of the shell surface portion 12 at the maximum, the height of the support and scaffolding or the formwork may be relatively low, and the work is easy. Yes, it is easy to ensure worker safety.

If sand or clay is deposited on the floor slab 20 in a curved shape along the lower surface shape of the dome roof 10 to be constructed instead of installing supports and forms, this deposit will be deposited. The dome roof 10 can be constructed by placing concrete according to the curved surface of. On the outer peripheral side surface of the peripheral ring portion 14 of the dome roof 10, the load receiving bracket 32 of the erection jack 30 installed in the recess 22 of the floor slab 20 abuts.
4 is attached so as to project outward. [Dome Roof 10 Lifting Process] FIGS. 4 to 8 show the dome roof 10 lifting process in stages.

As shown in FIG. 2, the work starts when the dome roof 10 is supported by the erection jacks 30 at a plurality of locations. As shown in FIG. 4, among the erection jacks 30 at a plurality of positions, the erection jacks 30 arranged at every other in the circumferential direction raise the load receiving base 32. In the case of the arrangement form shown in FIG. 3, of the installation jacks 30 at six locations, the load receiving base 32 is raised by the installation jacks 30a at every other three locations, and the installation jacks 30b at the remaining three locations are not operated. Such an operation of the erection jack 30 is performed by controlling a control valve of a hydraulic pipe or a hydraulic pump that is supplied to each erection jack 30 according to a predetermined program. The hydraulic piping systems for driving are connected to each other so that the operations of the plurality of erection jacks 30 that are simultaneously raised are interlocked.

The dome 10 supported by the load receiving base 32 via the receiving metal fitting 34 is lifted upward. By balancing and controlling the operation amounts of the plurality of erection jacks 30, the roof dome 10 can be reliably lifted by a predetermined distance in a horizontal state. At the location of the erection jack 30b where the load cradle 32 has not been raised, the load cradle 3
There is a gap between 2 and the receiving bracket 34.

As shown in FIG. 5, the support block 3 is provided in the gap between the load receiving base 32 and the receiving metal fitting 34 of the erection jack 30b.
Insert 6. The pillar block 36 is made by assembling and joining steel materials, and has a large load bearing force in the vertical direction. The pillar blocks 36 are vertically connectable by fastening means such as bolt connection. The receiving metal fitting 34 is also provided with the same connecting structure as the supporting pillar block 36, and the supporting pillar block 36 is fixed to the receiving metal fitting 34 using this connecting structure.

As shown in FIG. 6, the load receiving base 32, which has been raised by the erection jack 30a, is lowered to its original position. The roof block 10 is supported by a load receiving base 32 of the erection jack 30b via a pillar block 36. There is a gap between the load receiving base 32 of the erection jack 30a and the receiving metal fitting 34 of the dome roof 10. As shown in FIG. 7, a support block 36 is inserted between the load receiving base 32 and the receiving metal fitting 34 of the erection jack 30 a and the supporting pillar block 36 is attached to the receiving metal fitting 34.
Fixed to.

In this state, all the erection jacks 30a,
The load receiving bases 32 of 30b are at the same height position, and one column block 36 is arranged between all the load receiving bases 32 and the metal fittings 34. The dome roof 10 is lifted up by one column block 36. Next, as shown in FIG. 8, when the group of erection jacks 30a is extended again, the dome roof 10 is lifted up, and at the rest of the erection jacks 30b, the support block 36 is lifted up together with the bracket 34. , There is a gap between the load receiving table 32 and the load receiving table 32. This state is the same as the state of FIG. 4 described above, except that one column block 36 is provided.

After that, if the same operation as in FIGS. 4 to 7 is performed, two column blocks 36 are arranged between all the erection jacks 30a and 30b and the receiving metal fitting 34, and the dome roof 10 has the column blocks 36. Can be lifted up by 2 pieces. By repeating such operations in sequence, an arbitrary number of pillar blocks 36 can be inserted between the dome roof 10 and the erection jack 30, and the dome roof 10 can be lifted to a desired height. Dome roof 1
Even if the position of 0 is high, the work of inserting the column block 36 may be always performed at the position of the erection jack 30, so the work can be performed easily and efficiently, and the safety of the worker can be easily ensured.

As shown in FIG. 1, the dome roof 10 is lifted to a position below which the peripheral side wall 50 can be constructed. [Construction Process of Peripheral Side Wall 50] With the dome roof 10 being lifted and supported at a predetermined height position, the dome roof 1
The peripheral side wall 50 is constructed in the space below 0. The construction work can be performed in the same manner as the construction of the peripheral side wall 50 in a normal dome structure.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a prefabricated rectangular precast panel 52 is erected between the floor slab 20 and the dome roof 10 and circumferentially arranged.
Filling concrete in the gaps between them to form a peripheral side wall 50 by integrally joining a plurality of panels 52. When constructing the peripheral side wall 50, the structural strength of the peripheral side wall 50 is improved by embedding PC steel material inside the peripheral side wall 50 along the circumferential direction and introducing the same prestress to the PC steel material. be able to. As the panel 52 described above, a panel in which PC steel material is embedded in advance can be used.

After the peripheral side wall 50 is constructed, the peripheral side wall 50 is
The basic structure portion of the dome structure is completed if the dome roof 10 and the dome roof 10 are integrally joined by pouring concrete. Circumferential side wall 50 and circumferential ring portion 1 of dome roof 10
By introducing pre-stress between 4 and 5,
0 and the circumferential ring portion 14, that is, the dome roof 10 can be more integrated. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, a PC steel material 54 that penetrates the peripheral side wall 50 and the peripheral ring portion 14 in the vertical direction may be arranged, and a tensile force may be applied to the PC steel material 54 to fix the PC steel material 54.

The support block 36 and the erection jack 30 supporting the dome roof 10 may be removed after the dome roof 10 and the peripheral side wall 50 are integrally joined. The receiving metal fitting 34 attached to the outer periphery of the dome roof 10 is also removed when it is no longer necessary. The inner or outer surface of the dome structure is coated with mortar for finishing,
Finishing work such as installing piping, stairs for work, and handrails is completed to complete the dome structure.

[0044]

The method of constructing a dome structure according to the present invention uses a dome roof to which a prestress in the circumferential direction is introduced, and therefore a dome roof having a relatively thin thickness and a sufficient weight has a sufficient structural strength. As a result, the work of lifting and supporting the dome roof in the space above the floor slab can be performed easily and efficiently. Since the dome roof can be constructed on the ground,
Construction work of the dome roof is easy, and it is easy to ensure the safety of the worker.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention and showing a construction state of a dome roof on the ground.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the structure of a dome roof.

FIG. 3 is a schematic process diagram showing a first stage of a dome roof lifting operation.

FIG. 4 is a schematic process diagram showing the second stage of the dome roof lifting work.

FIG. 5 is a schematic process diagram showing the third stage of the dome roof lifting work.

FIG. 6 is a schematic process diagram showing a fourth stage of lifting work of the dome roof.

FIG. 7 is a schematic process diagram showing a fifth step of lifting the dome roof.

FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway front view showing the construction work of the peripheral side wall.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Dome roof 12 Shell surface 14 Circumference 16 PC steel 20 floor slab 22 Storage recess 30 erection jack 32 load cradle 34 Bracket

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── --- Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-6-57955 (JP, A) JP-A-5-287815 (JP, A) JP-A-11-6325 (JP, A) JP-A-7- 4110 (JP, A) JP-A-10-45391 (JP, A) JP-B-58-56778 (JP, B1) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E04B 1/35 E04G 21 / 14 E04H 7/18 302 E04H 7/20

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for constructing a dome structure having a floor slab, a peripheral side wall provided upright on the floor slab, and a dome roof arranged above the peripheral side wall and covering the inside of the peripheral side wall, the method comprising: On the floor slab, the dome roof has a dome-shaped shell surface portion, a peripheral ring portion arranged on the outer periphery of the shell surface portion, and a PC steel material arranged along the circumferential direction of the peripheral ring portion. , PC
Step (a) of constructing a dome roof in which circumferential prestress is introduced by tensioning and fixing the steel material, and supporting the dome roof in which the prestress is introduced by lifting it to the space above the floor slab a step of (b), to construct the peripheral side wall below the dome roof lifted, seen including a step (c) coupling the peripheral side wall and the dome roof, wherein step (b), the dome roof Multiple locations along the perimeter
In addition, there is a load stand that supports the dome roof and can move up and down freely.
Arrange the erection jacks, and install some of the erection jacks at multiple locations.
The process of raising the load pedestal and lifting the dome roof
(b-1) and the erection jack that does not raise the load cradle
Insert the pillar block between the roof and the dome roof, and
The load cradle with the step (b-2) of fixing the rack to the dome roof and the erection jack that raises the load cradle.
Lower it to create a gap between it and the dome roof.
Insert the pillar block and secure it to the dome roof.
A method for constructing a dome structure , which repeats the step (b-3) of determining . 2. The method for constructing a dome structure according to claim 1, wherein the step (a) constructs a shell surface portion of a dome roof by assembling a precast concrete panel. 3. The step (c) comprises arranging a PC steel material vertically penetrating the peripheral side wall and the peripheral annulus of the dome roof, tensioning and fixing the PC steel material, and vertically arranging the peripheral side wall and the dome roof. method for constructing a dome structure according to any one of claims 1-2 for introducing the direction of prestressing. Wherein said dome structure is, how to build the dome structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3 which is a PC tank.