JP3387551B2 - Optometry device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optometer for measuring visual acuity and refraction value used in an ophthalmology clinic or an eyeglass store.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional objective refracting power measuring device measures with one eye, and the adjustment of the eye to be examined is not completely removed.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, the adjustment of the eye to be inspected cannot be completely removed because the objective refractive power is measured by one eye. Further, astigmatism in monocular vision may not match astigmatism in binocular vision, and the refracting power with and without adjustment may be slightly different not only in the spherical power but also in the cylindrical power.

Therefore, in order to remove the accommodation of the eye to be inspected and measure the refractive power under binocular vision, the refractive power measurement is conventionally performed by the lens exchange method as one of the subjective refractive power measurement methods. However, there is a drawback that the measurement takes time as compared with the objective refractive power measurement.

The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems,
An object of the present invention is to provide an optometry device capable of removing the accommodation of the eye and measuring the objective refractive power even with binocular vision.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, an optometry apparatus according to the present invention has first and second eyepieces having optotypes having variable spherical power and cylindrical power, which are provided for the left and right eyes, respectively. Target optical system, diopter guide means capable of moving the target in the optical axis direction, optical path branching means provided in the optical paths of the first and second target optical systems, respectively. And an objective refraction measuring means provided in a common optical path selectively branched by the optical path branching means.

[0007]

In the optometry apparatus having the above-described structure, the subject is made to look into the optotype optical systems for the right and left eyes with both eyes, the spherical power and the cylindrical power of the optotype are changed, and the optotype is moved. The dioptric power is guided while removing the accommodation of both eyes, and the refractive power of the eye to be examined is measured by the objective refractive power measuring means.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiments. 1 and 2 are block diagrams of the first embodiment.
Left eye EL, right eye in the measuring head (not shown)
Target optical system 1L, 1R for ER is installed in parallel, left eye EL
The target optical system 1L for use in the left eye is movable in the direction of arrow A.
The distance between the target optical systems 1L and 1R for EL and right ER can be changed. The optical members of the target optical systems 1L and 1R are symmetrically arranged, and lenses 4L, 4R, and two lenses are provided on the optical path from the targets 2L, 2R moving along the optical axis to the lenses 3L, 3R. Cross cylinders 5L, 5R, and lenses 6L, 6 made up of cylindrical lenses having the same refracting power
R and dichroic mirrors 7L and 7R are arranged respectively, and a mirror 9 driven by a solenoid 8 is arranged on an optical path connecting the dichroic mirror 7L and the dichroic mirror 7R.

As shown in FIG. 2, the dichroic mirror 10 is provided in the reflecting direction of the mirror 9, that is, in the upward optical path.
A lens 11 and a near infrared television camera 12 are arranged. Further, an objective refracting power measurement system 13 is provided on the optical path of the dichroic mirror 10 in the reflection direction.
The dichroic mirror 1 from the refractive power measuring light source 14 such as D
A lens 15, a ring diaphragm 16 having a ring-shaped opening shown in FIG. 3, a mirror 17, a half mirror 18, and a lens 19 are arranged on the optical path reaching 0.
A 6-hole diaphragm 20, a separation prism 21, a lens 22, and a photoelectric sensor 23 shown in FIG. 4 are arranged on the optical path behind the optical path 8 to drive the lenses 15 and 22 integrally along the optical axis 24. Is provided.

The ring diaphragm 16, the 6-hole diaphragm 20, and the cross cylinder lenses 5L, 5R are arranged at positions conjugate with the pupil of the eye to be inspected, and the dichroic mirrors 7L, 7R transmit visible light and reflect infrared light. It has wavelength division characteristics. The measuring head for accommodating the optical system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is provided on a slide base (not shown) and is movable in the vertical and horizontal directions.

When observing the anterior segment, the left eye EL and the right eye
The light flux from the anterior segment of the ER passes through the lenses 3L and 3R to be collimated light, and the dichroic mirrors 7L and 7R
Is reflected by. The eye to be observed is selected by rotating the mirror 9 with the solenoid 8. When observing the left eye EL, the mirror surface of the mirror 9 is changed to the dichroic mirror 7L.
When observing the right eye ER, the mirror surface of the mirror 9 faces the dichroic mirror 7R. The light flux reflected from the dichroic mirror 7L or the dichroic mirror 7R is reflected by the mirror 9, passes through the dichroic mirror 10 and the lens 11, and forms an anterior ocular segment image on the imaging surface of the near-infrared television camera 12, which is not shown. It is displayed on the TV monitor. While observing this television monitor, the examiner moves the measuring head and the target optical system 1L for the left eye EL, which are not shown, to the left eye EL and the right eye ER to see the left eye EL and the right eye ER. The alignment of the standard optical systems 1L and 1R is performed. Here, the imaging surface of the near-infrared camera 12 is on the focal plane of the lens 11, and the light flux from the anterior eye part is collimated by the lenses 3L and 3R and reaches the lens 11, so that the left eye EL and the right eye
Even if the interval between the ER target optical systems 1L and 1R is changed, the focus of the anterior segment image is maintained.

When the objective refractive power is measured, the mirror 8 is rotated by the solenoid 8 to select the eye to be inspected as in the case of observing the anterior segment. When the light source 14 for measuring the refractive power shown in FIG. 2 is turned on after the alignment is completed, the light flux from the light source 14 for measuring the refractive power passes through the lens 15, the ring diaphragm 16 and is reflected by the mirror 17 and the half mirror 18, respectively. 1
After passing through 9, the light is reflected by the dichroic mirror 10 and the mirror 9. The light flux from the mirror 9 is reflected by either one of the dichroic mirrors 7L and 7R whose mirror surfaces of the mirror 9 face each other, passes through the lens 3L or the lens 3R, and is spotted to the fundus of the left eye EL or the right eye ER. Projected on.

The light flux reflected from the fundus of the left eye EL or the right eye ER returns through the same optical path and is reflected by the mirror 9 and the dichroic mirror 10, respectively, and the lens 19 and the half mirrors 18 and 6 are used.
The light passes through the aperture stop 20, the separation prism 21, and the lens 22 and is imaged on the photoelectric sensor 23 as a fundus reflected light flux image Pr consisting of six small circles as shown in FIG. This fundus reflection light flux image
The refractive power of the eye E is calculated from the Pr light receiving position and the positions of the lenses 15 and 22. Focusing of the fundus reflected light flux image Pr is performed by moving the lenses 15 and 22 by the driving means 24 along the optical axis.

Since the ring diaphragm 16 and the separation prism 21 which are conjugate to the pupil are arranged on the focal plane of the lens 19, the eye distance optical system 1L for the left eye EL is moved to adjust the interpupillary distance. Also, the focal plane of the lens 19 does not deviate from the ring diaphragm 16 and the separation prism 21, but the focal plane for the fundus deviates from the ring diaphragm 16 and the separation prism 21. Therefore, when the eye to be examined is the left eye EL, the left eye EL. It is necessary to calculate the refractive power in consideration of the position of the target optical system 1L.

Conventionally, in the objective refracting power measurement, only a part of the pupil is used to project the light beam to the fundus. Therefore, when there is an aberration in the pupil of the eye to be inspected, the entire area of the pupil is used for the measurement. It may be different from the measurement result of the subjective refractive power,
Since the objective refracting power measurement system 13 shown in (1) uses the entire area of the pupil, it has an advantage that accurate measurement can be performed.

When the subjective refractive power is measured, the left and right eye optical systems 1L and 1R for the left and right eyes ER and ER are looked into with both eyes. Light fluxes from the targets 2L and 2R pass through lenses 4L and 4R, cross cylinder lenses 5L and 5R, lenses 6L and 6R, dichroic mirrors 7L and 7R, lenses 3L and 3R, and the left eye.
EL, reaching the fundus of the right eye ER. By moving the optotypes 2L and 2R along the optical axis, the apparent diopter of the optotypes 2L and 2R is changed to induce the diopter of the subject. At this time, each of the two cylindrical lenses of the cross cylinders 5L and 5R can be independently rotated to insert the astigmatic degree and the astigmatic angle.

The optotypes 2L and 2R are three glass plates, namely a pressing glass 25 as shown in FIG. 6, a color slide 26 shown in FIG. 7, and a glass plate 27 on which optotype marks are printed by a method such as etching. It is composed of members. The holding glass 25 and the color slide 26 are the left eye EL and the right eye ER.
The color slide 26 is a slide photograph of a visual target plate 28 for a visual acuity test, which is a common member for the visual targets 2L and 2R.
Does not show the optotype mark, only the frame.

Since it is difficult to photograph the optotype plate 28 on the color slide 26 by a photographic method, it is preferable to prepare it separately and combine it with the back shadow. On the other hand, the Landolt ring and the optotype mark 29L in which the numbers are printed on the glass plate 27 shown in FIGS.
29R differs from the optotypes 2L and 2R, and is different from the mark M1 in the rightmost column of the optotype marks 29L for the left eye EL shown in FIG.
Only the mark M2 in the leftmost column of the right-eye ER optotype mark 29R shown in FIG.

When the subjects fixate the visual targets 2L and 2R shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 with both eyes, the visual target plate 28 shown in FIG.
It feels as if it is placed in a distant place in the room shown in (1), so that the subject fixes the optotype mark on the optotype plate 28 and obtains the refractive power from the response of the minimum visual optotype mark. At this time, the central optotype mark MB is viewed by both eyes and the left two columns of optotype marks ML are left eyes.
The EL is monocularly viewed, and the right two columns of the target marks MR are monocularly viewed by the right eye ER. Therefore, when the refractive power is measured in the binocular vision by using the center optotype mark MB and the left two columns of optotype marks ML and the right two columns of optotype marks MR are used, respectively The refractive power and visual acuity of the left eye EL and right eye ER can be measured.

When the objective refractive power is measured, the rotation angles of the cross cylinder lenses 5L and 5R and the positions of the visual targets 2L and 2R are determined from the objective refractive power values, and the visual targets 2L and 2R are determined.
Is used to guide the diopter. While allowing the subject to visually recognize the minimum optotype marks of the optotypes 2L and 2R, the positions of the optotypes 2L and 2R are slightly shifted to the farsighted side to perform the objective refractive power measurement. At this time, if the diopter of the eye to be examined follows the diopter of the optotypes 2L and 2R, the cross cylinder lenses 5L and 5R and the optotypes 2L and 2R are adjusted again, and the objective refractive power is measured again. . By repeating this step, the objective refractive power with the adjustment of the eye removed can be measured.

In spectacle prescription, it is necessary to determine the spherical power to be inserted into the correction lens for obtaining the necessary corrected visual acuity and how to correct astigmatism, and the judgment is made from the result of the visual acuity test. It suffices to adjust the cylinder power by changing the rotation angle of the cylindrical lenses of the cross cylinder lenses 5L and 5R in the subjective refractive power measurement, and
The spherical power may be adjusted by changing the position of, and the cylindrical power and spherical power to be corrected may be determined. For example, if the subject has weak astigmatism and good visual acuity, only the spherical power is corrected.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of the second embodiment, in which the left eye EL and right eye ER target optical systems of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and the objective refractive power measurement system are motorized. It is designed to be driven by. The target optical system 61L for the left eye EL is provided parallel to the optical axis, and a lens 64L, a lens 64L, is provided on the optical path from the target 62L movable along the optical axis to the objective lens 63L.
A cross cylinder lens 65L composed of two cylindrical lenses having the same refracting power and a dichroic mirror 66L are arranged, and a target optical system 61R for the right eye ER has the same configuration. Move the target 62L along the optical axis,
The apparent diopter is changed to induce the diopter of the subject. Further, the two cylindrical lenses of the cross cylinder lens 65L are independently rotated to insert the astigmatic angle and the astigmatic degree.

A switching mirror 67 is arranged on the optical path connecting the dichroic mirror 66L and the dichroic mirror 66R, and an objective refractive power measuring system 68 including an anterior ocular segment observation system is arranged on the optical path behind the switching mirror 67. Has been done. Further, the target optical systems 61L and 61R and the objective refracting power measuring system 68 are connected to a motor 71 by joint members 69L, 69R and 70 and are movable along arrow C.

When observing the anterior segment of the eye, the left eye EL, the right eye
Light fluxes from the anterior segment of the ER are objective lenses 63L and 6L, respectively.
It passes through 3R, is reflected by the dichroic mirrors 66L and 66R, and reaches the switching mirror 67. When observing the anterior segment of the left eye EL, direct the mirror surface of the switching mirror 67 to the dichroic mirror 66L side, and when observing the anterior segment of the right eye ER, switch the mirror surface of the switching mirror 67 to the dichroic mirror 66R side. Turn to. The light flux reflected by the switching mirror 67 is imaged as an anterior segment image by the objective refracting power measuring system 68 and is displayed on a television monitor (not shown).

The examiner will perform the alignment while observing the television monitor, and at that time, the motor 71 is driven to set the distance between the target optical systems 61L and 61R for the left eye EL and the right eye ER. Adjust. At this time, the joint members 69L and 6L
The 9Rs move in opposite directions along the arrow C by the same amount, and at the same time, the joint member 70 also moves along the arrow C along the front and rear by the same amount. Therefore, the target optical system 61L,
Even if 61R is moved to adjust the interpupillary distance, the left eye EL and right eye
The relationship between the ER and the objective refracting power measurement system 68 is kept constant.
In addition, the moving direction of the objective refractive power measurement system 68 is the left eye EL,
When the distance between the target optical systems 61L and 61R for the right eye ER is expanded, it moves forward.

When the objective refracting power is measured, the eye to be inspected is selected by rotating the switching mirror 67 similarly to the observation of the anterior segment. After the alignment is completed, the objective refractive power measurement system 68
The light source for refractive power measurement provided inside is turned on. The light beam from the light source for measuring the refractive power is reflected by the switching mirror 67 in the direction selected, and the dichroic mirror 66L or 66 is used.
It is projected on the fundus of the eye to be examined through one of R and the objective lens 62L or 62R. The reflected light flux at the fundus returns through the same optical path, is received by the objective refracting power measuring system 68, and the objective refracting power is calculated.

[0027]

As described above, the optometry apparatus according to the present invention allows the subject to look into the optotype optical system for each of the left and right eyes with both eyes.
Since the spherical power and the cylindrical power of the target are changed by the target optical system so that the target can be moved, it is possible to objectively measure the refracting power when the eyes are opened without adjustment.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of an anterior segment observation system and an objective refractive power measurement system.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a ring diaphragm.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a separation prism.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a fundus reflected light flux image received by a photoelectric sensor.

FIG. 6 is a side view of optotypes for the left and right eyes.

FIG. 7 is a front view of a color slide.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an optotype mark for the left eye.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of optotype marks for the right eye.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of an optotype plate that a subject fixes.

FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of a second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

2L, 2R target 5,65 Cross cylinder lens 9,67 switching mirror 12 TV camera 13, 68 Objective refractive power measurement system 23 Photoelectric sensor 25 color slides 26 glass plate 31, 61 Target optical system

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Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A target having variable spherical power and cylindrical power is provided.
First and second target optical systems respectively provided for the left and right eyes ,
Diopter guide means capable of moving each of the targets in the optical axis direction.
If, alternatively by the first, and the optical path splitting means provided respectively in the optical path of the second target optical system, these optical path splitting means
Optometry apparatus comprising objective refraction measuring means provided in a common optical path that is branched. 2. An interval between the first and second target optical systems
The eye examination apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: an interpupillary distance adjusting unit that changes the eye width . 3. The objective refraction measuring means is an observation camera.
The optometry apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: