JPH0315447B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an optometrist, and particularly to an optometrist capable of performing binocular optometry.

Conventionally, for example, in an optometric apparatus that measures the refractive power of both eyes of the subject's eyes, a pair of measurement optical systems are provided to measure the refractive power of both eyes, and each optical system directs one pair of eyes toward both eyes of the subject's eyes. A device is known that is configured to project a measurement light beam of 1 and perform measurements separately.

By the way, in this type of optometry device, it is necessary to precisely align the centers of the two measuring light beams with the respective visual axes of both eyes to be examined, and such alignment of the optical axes is extremely important in improving measurement accuracy. It occupies an important position. Therefore, there is also a device configured to project an index onto the eye to be examined along the optical axis of the measurement optical system, and to align the optical axis by aligning the index image projected onto the eye to be examined and the center of the eye to be examined. Proposed.

However, in such a device, measurement for optometry and index projection cannot be performed at the same time, so there is a drawback that optical axis deviation cannot be monitored during measurement. Furthermore, since the eye to be examined on which the target image is projected is directly collimated from the side of the apparatus with the naked eye, there is a drawback that the efficiency of optical axis alignment is poor.

The present invention was made in order to eliminate the drawbacks of such conventional devices, and it is possible to simultaneously and easily align the visual axes of both eyes to be examined with the centers of a pair of measurement light beams, and to perform measurements. An object of the present invention is to provide an optometry device that can constantly monitor the optical axis deviation of both eyes even while the patient is using the optometry.

As shown in FIG. 1, the device of the present invention
Measurement optical system S for measuring the refractive power of E ₁ and E ₂
and an index projection system H for projecting an index for setting the positional relationship of the eyes E ₁ , E ₂ to the measurement optical system S onto the eyes E ₁ , E ₂ to be examined, and for aiming the eyes E ₁ , E ₂ to be examined. It is roughly composed of the aiming system J. Note that the subscripts 1 and 2 attached to the reference numerals below refer to the right eye and the left eye, respectively, except for the explanation of the arrangement interval of the optical system shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

First, the measurement optical system S will be explained in detail. Light from a light source 1 illuminates a refractive power test optotype 4 provided on a rotating disk 3 via a condenser lens 2. There are various kinds of optotypes 4 for detecting spherical power, cylindrical power, cylindrical axis, etc., and these are selected by rotation of the rotating disk 3 and inserted into the optical path. In addition,
The light source 1, the condensing lens 2, and the rotating disk 3 are movable along the optical axis for near refraction measurement, which will be described later. Further, the light beam from the optotype 4 passes through a first projection lens 5 to a pair of corrective optics K ₁ and K ₂ provided behind this lens 5 for correcting spherical power, cylindrical power, cylindrical axis, etc. pass through. The corrective optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ are arranged at symmetrical positions on both sides of the optical axis of the first projection lens 5, and have the same optical configuration.

The details of the corrective optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ will be explained below using the corrective optical system K ₁ for right eye measurement as an example. The corrective optical system K ₁ includes a first group lens system 6 ₁ , a second group lens system 7 ₁ , Third group lens system 8 ₁ First and second cylindrical lenses 9 ₁ , 9 ¹ and deflection prisms 10 ₁ , 10 ₁ , 11
₁ and 11 ₁ , and the spherical power can be corrected by moving the first lens group 6 ₁ along the optical axis. Here, the third lens group 8 ₁ is 2
It consists of two lens systems, and cylindricity can be corrected by first and second cylindrical lenses 9 ₁ and 9 ₁ sandwiched between these two lens systems. These two cylindrical lenses 9 ₁ and 9 ₁ are cylindrical lenses with equal absolute values and opposite signs, and are rotatable around the optical axis, so that both lenses 9 ₁ and 9 ₁ can be rotated around the optical axis. Rotation in the same direction by the same angle corrects the cylindrical axis, and rotation in opposite directions by the same angle corrects the cylindrical power. On the other hand, the two deflection prisms 10 ₁ , 10 ₁ arranged behind the third group lens system 8 ₁ have a deflection amount that is symmetrical with respect to the vertical axis perpendicular to the optical axis, and these deflection prisms 10 ₁ , 10 ₁ around the optical axis in opposite directions and at the same angle, the horizontal prism value of the eye E ₁ to be examined can be corrected to perform so-called skew correction. Furthermore, the deflection prisms 11 ₁ , 11 ₁ arranged behind the deflection prisms 10 ₁ , 10 ₁ are optically rotated by 90° with respect to the deflection prisms 10 ₁ , 10 ₁ . The vertical prism value of the eye _E1 to be examined is obtained by rotation in the same direction and angle. In this way, the corrective optical system K ₁ for right eye measurement has spherical power, cylindrical power, cylindrical axis,
Although it is configured so that the refractive state such as the prism value can be corrected independently and separately, the left eye measurement optical system K ₂
can be explained in the same way, so the details will be omitted. Note that each of the corrective optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ is movable in the horizontal direction across the optical axis of the first projection lens 5 in order to match the interpupillary distance of the eyes E ₁ and E ₂ to be examined.

In this way, each light beam that has passed through the pair of correction optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ is transferred to the second projection lens 12 and the half mirror 1.
3, third projection lens 14, and half mirror 1
5 to the eyes E ₁ and E ₂ to be examined, and pass through the pupils of the eyes to form an image of the optotype 4 on the fundus of both eyes. Furthermore, the light beams that have passed through each of the corrective optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ are transmitted to the second projection lens 12 and the third projection lens 14.
The images of the corrective optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ are now formed at the glasses wearing position of both eyes E ₁ and E ₂ (approximately 12 mm from the front of the eyes) through relay lens system R consisting of There is. In addition, when measuring the corrective refractive power for contact lenses, the eye to be examined E ₁ ,
The corneal apex position of E ₂ is set to the position where the images of the corrective optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ are formed. Therefore, it is equivalent to the corrective optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ being placed in front of the eyes, and the subject looks at the half mirror 15.
The image of the optotype 4 can be collimated in a state of natural vision.

In this way, the subject responds to the examiner while looking directly at the optotype 4 in a state of natural vision, performs correction using the correction optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ until the optotype 4 appears properly, and adjusts the correction value to the corrected value. The refractive power is now measured based on the

Next, the arrangement of the measurement optical system S and the state of the light flux will be explained in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams shown in FIGS. 2a and 3b and 3a and 3b. In each figure, the same reference numerals are given to the same components as in Figure 1, and each lens system is shown as a thin lens whose front principal point position and rear principal point position coincide for simplicity. ing. Note that the position of the eye to be examined will be described below only in the case of measuring the corrective refractive power for a spectacle lens.

Figures 2a and 2b show the arrangement of the optical system during distance refraction measurement, and to explain an example of the optical data, the focal length f ₁ of the first projection lens 5 is 250 mm;
The focal length f ₂ of the second projection lens 12 is 150 mm;
The focal length f ₃ of the projection lens 14 is the same as that of the second projection lens 1
It is 150mm like the second one. Further, the distance l ₁ between the optotype 4 and the first projection lens 5 is 250 mm, and the distance l 2 between the first projection lens 5 and the correction optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ is 250 mm _.
mm, the distance l ₃ between the corrective optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ and the second projection lens 12 is 100 mm, and the distance l ₄ between the second projection lens 12 and the third projection lens 14 is 300 mm. moreover,
The distance l ₅ between the third projection lens 14 and _{the eyeglass wearing positions P 1 and} P _{2 of the eyes E 1 and E 2 to} be examined is 200 mm, and the corneal position of the eyes to be examined is
The distance l ₆ between M ₁ , M ₂ and the eyeglass device positions P ₁ , P ₂ is 12
mm.

A case in which the corrective optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ are set to a spherical power of 0 diopter under such optical data will be described below with reference to FIG. 2a. The principal ray of the luminous flux from the optotype 4 enters the correction optical system K ₁ , K ₂ while being kept parallel to each other by the first projection lens 5 , and at an intermediate position between the second projection lens 12 and the third projection lens 14 . The light beams intersect on the optical axis, and then become two mutually parallel light beams by the third projection lens 14 and reach the eyes E ₁ and E ₂ to be examined. The distance between the centers of the two light beams projected onto the eyes E ₁ and E ₂ is determined by the correction optical system K ₁ , K ₂
It can be adjusted by moving the distance between the optical axes. Further, the image of the optotype 4 is once formed at a point α on the optical axis, and then is formed on the fundus positions β ₁ and β ₂ of the eyes E ₁ and E ₂ to be examined through the third projection lens 14, respectively. Ru. In this case, the spherical power of the subject is assumed to be 0 diopter.

The center points γ ₁ and γ ₂ of the corrective optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ are the points δ ₁ and δ 2 of the subject's glasses wearing positions P ₁ and P ₂ with respect to the second projection lens 12 and the third projection lens ₁₄ . They are set to have a conjugate relationship. For this setting, positioning adjustment of the measurement optical system S with respect to the subject is performed. This adjustment will be described later. By adjusting the settings, it is possible to create the same condition as if the corrective optical system were placed at the position where the subject wears glasses, even though the corrective optical system is not placed in front of the subject's eyes. Note that the corrective optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ have been explained as thin lens systems in which the front principal point position and the rear principal point position coincide, but in an actual thick lens system, the rear principal point position of the corrective optical system is Subject's glasses wearing position P ₁ , P ₂
is set to be conjugate with the points δ ₁ and δ ₂ .

Next, referring to Fig. 2b, this shows the luminous flux state when the spherical power of the corrective optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ is set to −10 dayopters, and other optical arrangements, the position of the subject, etc. It is similar to FIG. 2a.
Here, the corrective optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ are configured so that the positions of the rear principal points do not change even if the _spherical power is changed, and the positions of the _rear principal points do not change even if the _spherical power is _changed . The conjugate relationship is the same as in Figure 2a. Note that the image of the optotype 4 is located at a point ε ₁ , which is 100 mm in front of the subject's glasses-wearing position P ₁ , P ₂ .
After being imaged ε ₂ , it is projected onto the subject having a spherical power of -10 diopters and is imaged at the fundus positions β ₁ and β ₂ .

Distance refraction measurement is performed in this way, but as mentioned above, the principal rays of the two beams projected onto both eyes of the examinee are always kept parallel, and the refraction measurement is performed while the examinee has natural distance vision. I can finish it.

Next, the optical arrangement and the state of the light flux during near refraction measurement will be explained based on FIGS. 3a and 3b. When measuring near refraction, the optotype 4 is moved together with the light source 1 and the condenser lens 2 toward the first projection lens 5 and along the optical axis. For example, when measuring near refraction at 300 mm, the optotype 4 is and the first projection lens 5: l ₁
is set to 41.6mm. Other optical arrangements, the position of the subject, etc. are the same as in the case of distance refraction measurement.

FIG. 3a shows the luminous flux state when the corrective optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ are set to 0 dayopter, and FIG. 3b shows the luminous flux state when they are set to -10 dayopter. First, referring to FIG. 3a, the two principal rays of the luminous flux from the optotype 4
After intersecting at a point φ on the optical axis between the third projection lenses 14, it reaches the subject via the third projection lens 14 at the intersection angle, that is, the convergence angle θ. Note that the image of the optotype 4 is formed at a point φ on the optical axis. Further, a point ω in front of the point φ on the optical axis is a virtual image position formed by the third projection lens 14, and this point ω is set 300 mm in front of the subject's glasses wearing positions P ₁ and P ₂ . As a result, the subject can collimate in a state of near natural vision at the same convergence angle θ as if the optotype 4 were placed 300 mm in front of the glasses-wearing positions P ₁ and P ₂ .

FIG. 3b shows the case where the corrective optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ are set to -10 dayopters, and the image of the optotype 4 is at a point t ₁ , which is 75 mm in front of the subject's glasses-wearing positions P ₁ and P ₂ . The image is formed at t ₂ . In this case as well, the angle formed by the chief rays of the two light beams reaching the eyes E ₁ and E ₂ , that is, the convergence angle θ, is the same as in the case of Fig. The optotype 4 can be collimated in a state of natural vision. In this example, the near refraction measurement distance was set to 300 mm, but by changing the amount of movement of the optotype 4, near refraction measurement can be performed at a desired distance, and an appropriate convergence state can be achieved at any measurement distance. can be created.

In this way, when performing near refraction measurement, collimation is possible by obtaining the appropriate convergence angle θ simply by moving the optotype 4 along the optical axis. It can be achieved in the state. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the positions of the corrective optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ (corresponding to the front principal point position when assumed as a thick lens system) are arranged 250 mm in front of the first projection lens 5. . Thereby, the viewing angle when collimating the optotype 4 on the rotating disk 3 is not affected by the position of the optotype. This eliminates the need to select optotypes of different sizes by rotating the rotary disk 3 depending on the measurement distance, thereby improving measurement efficiency. Note that similar effects can be obtained even if the first to third projection lenses in this embodiment are configured with concave mirrors.

Next, the subject eye position setting optical system I for setting the subject eyes E ₁ and E ₂ at appropriate positions will be described. This eye to be examined position setting optical system I has eyes to be examined E ₁ ,
Consisting of a pair of index projection systems H for projecting images of indexes 18a ₁ and 18b ₁ toward E ₂ and one aiming system J for aiming at the anterior ocular segments of both eyes E ₁ and E ₂ to be examined. has been done.

First, the index projection system H will be explained using a right eye projection system as an example with reference to FIGS. 1, 4, and 5. The light from the light source 16 ₁ illuminates the index plate 18 ₁ for detecting the working distance through the condenser lens 17 ₁ .
As shown in FIG. 5, the index plate 18 ₁ is provided with indexes 18a ₁ and 18b ₁ on the front and back surfaces, respectively. The images of these indices 18a ₁ and 18b ₁ are formed on the anterior segment of the eye E ₁ through the fourth projection lens 19 ₁ and the reflecting mirror 20 ₁ .
Note that the index 18a ₁ is used to set the working distance (distance between the measurement optical system S and the eyes E ₁ and E ₂ to be examined) when measuring the corrective refractive power with a normal eyeglass lens, and the index 18b ₁ is used for setting the working distance in the case of contact lenses. Also,
The filter 21 ₁ provided in front of the light source 16 ₁ transmits only light in the near-infrared band, which is invisible light, and has the effect of preventing miosis of the subject during measurement. Furthermore, the light beam from this index projection system illuminates the periphery of the anterior segment of the subject's eye. Since the left eye projection system has a similar configuration, its explanation will be omitted.
Note that, as will be described later, the optical axes of the pair of target projection systems H are inclined with respect to the optical axes of the measurement optical system S and the aiming optical system J. Also, an imaginary line Va passing through the center of the fourth projection lens ₁₉₁ and perpendicular to its optical axis
and the optical axis of the measurement optical system S, and the point where the virtual line Vb connecting the centers of the two indicators 18a ₁ and 18b ₁ of the indicator plate 18 intersects with the optical axis of the measurement optical system S are aligned. It is possible to obtain the optimum focus of 18a ₁ and 18b ₁ , and to clearly observe and measure the image of the index 18a ₁ or 18b ₁ in M ₁ or Q ₁ , which will be described later. This matching point is point _F1 shown in FIG.

The principle of setting the working distance using the index projection system H will be explained below with reference to FIG. Note that unless otherwise specified, only the right eye projection system will be described. Point Q ₁ is a position conjugate with the rear principal point position of corrective optical system K ₁ in measurement optical system S, and when measuring the corrective refractive power of a subject for a normal eyeglass lens, this point Q ₁ is It is necessary to set the working distance so that the position matches the glasses wearing position _P1 . Therefore, when the eye to be examined E ₁ is positioned as described above, the eye to be examined is
The image of the index 18a ₁ is formed at the corneal apex M ₁ of E ₁ . Therefore, the examiner uses the sighting system J
The anterior segment of the subject's eye is aimed at, and the working distance is set so that the image of the index _18a1 coincides with the center of the pupil.

Next, a case will be described in which the corrected refractive power of the eye _E1 to be tested for contact lenses is measured. In this case, it is necessary to align the anterior segment of the eye E ₁ with the position of the point Q ₁ which is the imaging position of the corrective optical system K ₁ .
Therefore, the index 18b ₁ is placed at the position of the point Q ₁ on the subject's eye E ₁
When they match, the image of the index _18b1 is formed at the center of the anterior segment of the subject's eye. Therefore, when measuring the corrective refractive power for contact lenses, the examiner aims at the anterior segment of the subject's eye using the sighting system J, and sets the working distance so that the image of the index _18B1 coincides with the center of the pupil. .

Note that the indicators 18a ₁ and 18b ₁ are the projection lenses 19 ₁
It is arranged on the index plate 18 ₁ so that the focal position is shifted from the target eye E 1 , and when the working distance is set to a predetermined working distance, an image can be formed on the anterior segment of the eye E ₁ to be examined.

Next, the aiming system J will be explained. As shown in FIG. 1, the light beams from both anterior ocular segments of the eyes E ₁ and E ₂ to be examined illuminated with near-infrared light by the index projection system H pass through the half mirror 15 and the third projection lens 14 to the half mirror. 13 and reaches the aiming plates 23a, 23b by the imaging lens 22.
Anterior segment images of both eyes E ₁ and E ₂ to be examined are formed on 23b using near-infrared light. Since the third projection lens 14 and the imaging lens 22 are a telecentric optical system, the images of the anterior segments of the eyes E ₁ and E ₂ on the sighting plates 23a and 23b are obtained by changing the working distance. can also be observed without positional shift. Aiming plate 23
a, 23b have aiming indicators na, nb, and nc, respectively, as shown in Figs. Correction optical system in system S
It is relatively movable in conjunction with the movement of the distance between the optical axes of K ₁ and K ₂ , that is, changing the center distance of the pair of measurement light beams projected onto the eye to be examined. thus,
Both anterior eye images of the eyes E ₁ and E ₂ to be examined formed with near-infrared light are superimposed on the images of the indices na, nb, and nc, and these images are sent to the image pickup tube 26 via the mirror 24 and the relay lens 25. The light enters the camera and is converted into a video signal, which can be observed as a visible image on the monitor television 27.

The procedure for positioning and setting the eyes E ₁ and E ₂ to be examined using the above-mentioned index projection system H and sighting system J will be explained with reference to FIG. 8. FIG. 8 schematically shows images displayed on the monitor television 27, where images A ₁ and A ₂ are images of the pupils of the eyes E ₁ and E ₂ to be examined, and images Ba ₁ and Ba ₂ are images of the indices 18a ₁ and 18a ₂ projected by the index projection system H onto the eyes E ₁ and E ₂ to be examined. Note that images of the indices 18b ₁ and 18b ₂ are omitted. Further, image , is the image of the index na, nb formed on the aiming plate 23a, and is the image of the index na, nb formed on the aiming plate 23b.
This is an image of the index nc formed in . In the case of FIG. 8a, the distance between the optical axes of the corrective optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ , that is, the distance between the centers of the pair of measurement light beams projected onto the subject's eye, does not match the interpupillary distance of the subject, and In addition to the fact that the central optical axis of the measurement optical system S and the center of both eyes of the subject do not coincide, the measurement optical system S and the subject's eye E ₁ ,
This indicates that the distance between E ₂ and the working distance is not appropriate. Hereinafter, the adjustment procedure for transitioning from such an inappropriate setting state to a proper setting state will be explained, focusing on the case of measuring the corrective refractive power for a spectacle lens.

First, the refractometer body or the subject itself is adjusted by moving in the vertical direction so that the pupil images A ₁ and A ₂ of the eyes E ₁ and E ₂ to be inspected are sandwiched in the center of the index image. At this time, the subject is fixed to a subject holding section (not shown), and the position of the subject can be adjusted by moving this subject holding section. This adjustment completes the optical axis alignment in the vertical direction (see FIG. 8b).

Next, as shown in FIG. 8c, the index images Ba ₁ ,
The apparatus main body or the subject itself is moved along the measurement optical axis so that Ba ₂ is located at the center of the index image na, that is, coincides with the centers of the pupil images A ₁ and A ₂ .
This movement adjustment completes the setting of the working distance.
In addition, when measuring the corrective refractive power for contact lenses, it is only necessary to adjust the index images Bb ₁ and Bb ₂ so that they are located at the center of the index image na, that is, at the center of the pupil images A ₁ and A ₂ . . The following adjustments are the same in the case of corrective refractive power measurement for contact lenses.

Next, as shown in Fig. 8d, the apparatus body or the subject is moved in the left-right direction so that the distance between the pupil image _A1 and the index image nb and the distance between the pupil image _A2 and the index image are equalized. . This adjustment completes the alignment of the central optical axis of the measurement optical system S and the centers of the eyes E ₁ and E ₂ in the left-right direction.

Next, as shown in FIG. 8e, the aiming plate 23a,
By moving 23b, the index image is moved and adjusted in the left and right direction, and the index image is placed at the center of the pupil images A ₁ and A ₂ .
Note that the aiming plates 23a and 2
As described above, the sight plates 23a and 23b move by equal amounts in opposite directions, and the movement of the sight plates 23a and 23b is linked to the movement of the optical axes of the corrective optical systems _K1 and _K2 . In this way, the distance between the optical axes of the corrective optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ can be made to match the interpupillary distance of the eyes E ₁ and E ₂ to be examined, and the optical axis of the measurement optical system S can be made to match the distance between the pupils of the eyes E ₁ and E ₂ to be examined.
Optical axis alignment and working distance adjustment are completed.

Next, the drive mechanism of the corrective optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ will be explained based on FIG. 9. The corrective optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ are attached to the optical benches 30 ₁ and 30 ₂ and are movable within a plane including both optical axes so that the optical axes can be moved closer or farther apart. That is, the optical bench 30 ₁ ,
30 ₂ is a male threaded portion 34 of a connecting member 33 connected to a female threaded portion formed on a bracket 32 provided approximately at the center.
This connecting member 33 is connected to a moving motor 36 via a speed change gear 35. Here, the male threaded portion 34 of the connecting member 33 is divided into two halves with opposite threads, each of which is adapted to be screwed into the female threaded portion of the bracket 32 of the optical benches 30 ₁ and 30 ₂ . In addition, the optical bench 30
The bracket _{No. 2} and the state in which it is screwed together with the connecting member 33 are not shown.

Next, lens driving of the corrective optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ will be explained. Since both optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ have the same configuration, one optical system K ₁ will be explained as an example.
The first group lens system 6 ₁ is arranged at the front end of the lens barrel 37 ₁ , and a rack 38 ₁ extending in the optical axis direction is attached to the lens barrel 37 ₁ . This rack 38 ₁ is engaged with a pinion 39 ₁ , and this pinion 39 ₁ is pivotally supported by the motor 40 . This allows the first group lens system 6 ₁ to move along the optical axis. Further, one of the second lens group 7 ₁ and the third lens group 8 ₁ is arranged at a predetermined interval behind the first lens group 6 ₁ , and each lens system 7 ₁ ,
8 ₁ is fixed to the optical bench 30 ₁ . Further, a lens barrel 41 ₁ is provided behind the lens barrel 37 ₁ , and two cylindrical lenses 9 ₁ , 9 ₁ are arranged one behind the other in this lens barrel 41 ₁ . And one cylindrical lens 9
₁ is attached to a ring gear 42 ₁ , and this ring gear 42 ₁ is connected to a motor 44 via a drive gear 43 ₁ . Further, the other cylindrical lens 9 ₁ is attached to a ring gear 45 ₁ provided behind the ring gear 42 ₁ , and this ring gear 45 ₁ is connected to a motor 47 ₁ via a drive gear 46 ₁ . In this way, the cylindrical lenses 9 ₁ and 9 ₁ are rotatable around the optical axis.

Further, a lens barrel 48 ₁ is provided at the rear of the lens barrel 41 ₁ , and the other side of the third lens group 8 ₁ is fixed to the front end of this lens barrel 48 ₁ , and behind it is a horizontal deflection prism 10 ₁ . , 10 ₁ are arranged. Crown gears 49 ₁ and 50 1 are attached to these deflection prisms 10 ₁ and 10 ₁ , respectively, and these crown gears 49 ₁ and 50 ₁ are coupled to one pinion 51 ₁ , and this pinion _{51 1 is} connected to a motor 52. Rotation is driven by ₁ . As a result, the deflection prism 10 ₁ ,
10 ₁ can be rotated by the same angle in opposite directions. Furthermore, a horizontal deflection prism 10
₁ , 10 Behind ₁ is a vertical deflection prism 11
₁ , 11 ₁ are arranged, and these deflection prisms 11
₁ , 11 ₁ has a crown gear 53 as in the horizontal direction
₁ and 54 ₁ , respectively, and these crown gears 53 ₁ and 54 ₁ can be rotated in the same manner as in the horizontal direction by a motor 56 ₁ via a pinion 55 ₁ .

Note that support tubes 57 and 58 for guiding are attached to the front and rear of the optical benches _{30 1 and} 30 _{2 .}
horizontal movement is stable. In addition, a guide rod 5 is provided at the rear end of the optical benches 30 ₁ and 30 _{2 .}
The slide plates 62 ₁ , 62 ₂ are connected via _the arms 60 ₁ , 60 ₂ and the arms 60 ₁ , 60 ₂ .
60 ₂ is rotatable around rotation pins 61 ₁ and 61 ₂ , and the amount of horizontal movement of the optical axes of the correction optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ can be visually checked by the amount of movement of the slide plates 62 ₁ and 62 ₂ . It is becoming possible to do so. The correction optical systems K ₁ and K ₂ configured in this way are connected to the respective motors 36 and 40.
₁ , 40 ₂ . . . are controlled by the output of a control arithmetic circuit which will be described later, and the adjustment drive is performed. In addition, motors 44 ₁ , 4 are attached to the optical bench 30 ₂ .
7 The illustration of a motor that functions in the same way as in ₁ is omitted;
Other members that appear symmetrically in each optical system K ₁ and K ₂ ,
Illustrations and explanations of parts are omitted.

Next, a processing system such as a control arithmetic circuit for controlling and driving the present device will be explained based on FIG.
In the figure, reference numeral 70 denotes a control calculation circuit, and this control calculation circuit 70 receives a signal from the drive input section Xa or the data input section Xb and performs control calculations to operate the drive output section Y and the display means Z. It is composed of a microcomputer, etc. The data input section Highly accurate measurements can be made in a short time using the subjective refractometer of the present invention based on the corrected power set based on the input measurement result data. The distance/near change switch 71 of the drive input section Xa is connected to a motor 73 for moving the refractive power test optotype 4 via a drive circuit 72, and its drive signal is supplied to the control calculation circuit 70 to It is designed to provide selection information for refraction measurement for use or near refraction measurement. Further, the correction optical system inter-axis moving switch 74 of the drive input section Xa is connected to the correction optical system K ₁ , K _{2 .}
A moving motor 36 for changing the distance between each optical axis of
It provides drive information to the control calculation circuit 7.
0 command is received and the output thereof is used to drive the moving motor 36 via a drive circuit 75 constituting the drive output section Y. Furthermore, when the movement motor 36 is driven by the operation of the corrective optical system inter-axis movement switch 74 and the aiming plates 23a and 23b are moved to determine the interpupillary distance, the interpupillary distance display section 76 forming the display means Z will display the interpupillary distance. The value is displayed.
Incidentally, the interpupillary distance is also controlled by a command from the interpupillary distance data section 77 constituting the data input section Xb.

Further, the spherical power changing switches 78 ₁ and 78 ₂ of the drive input section Xa provide drive information to the moving motors 40 ₁ and 40 ₂ of the first group lens systems 6 ₁ and 6 ₂ , and the control calculation circuit 70 and Drive signals are applied to the motors 40 ₁ and 40 ₂ via drive circuits 79 ₁ and 79 ₂ of the drive output section Y. thus,
When the spherical power changes, a corresponding value is displayed on the spherical power display section 80 of the display means Z. The spherical power is determined by the spherical power data section 8 of the data input section Xb.
It is also controlled by a signal from 1.

Further, the cylindrical power changing switches 82 ₁ and 82 ₂ of the drive input section Xb are connected to the first and second cylindrical lenses 9.
₁ , 9 ₂ , 9 ₁ , and 9 ₂ to provide drive information to the motors 44 ₁ and 47 ₁ that rotate the motors 44 1 and 47 1 in opposite directions.
The motor 44 is connected to the motor 44 via the control calculation circuit 70 and the drive circuits 83 ₁ , 83 ₂ , 83 ₁ , 83 ₂ of the drive output section Y.
₁ , 47 ₁ to provide a drive signal.
When the cylinder power changes in this way, the value is displayed on the cylinder power display section 84 of the display means Z accordingly. Further, the cylinder power is also controlled by a signal from the cylinder power data section 85 of the data input section Xb.

Further, the cylindrical axis angle change switches 85 ₁ and 85 ₂ of the drive input section Xa are connected to the first and second cylindrical lenses 9 ₁ ,
It provides drive information to the motors 44 ₁ , 47 ₁ that rotate the motors 9 ₂ , 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ in the same direction, and the control calculation circuit 70 and the drive circuit 83 ₁ , of the drive output section Y
Motors _{44 1} , 47 1 via 83 ₂ , 83 ₁ , 83 ₂
It is designed to provide a drive signal to the In this way, once the angle of the cylinder axis is determined, its value is displayed on the display means Z
is displayed on the cylinder axis angle display section 86. Further, the angle of the cylinder axis is also controlled by a signal from the cylinder axis angle data section 87 of the data input section Xb.

The horizontal deflection prism change switches 88 ₁ and 88 ₂ of the drive input section Xa provide drive information to the motors 52 ₁ and 52 ₂ for rotating the horizontal deflection prisms 10 ₁ , 10 ₁ , 10 ₂ , and 10 ₂ . A drive signal is supplied to the motors 52 ₁ and 52 ₂ via the control calculation circuit 7 and the drive circuits 89 ₁ and 89 ₂ of the drive output section Y. Further, the vertical deflection prism change switches 90 ₁ and 90 ₂ of the drive input section Xa are connected to the vertical deflection prisms 11 _{1 and} 90 2 , respectively.
Motor 56 ₁ for rotating 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ , 11 ₂ ,
56 ₂ , and the control calculation circuit and the drive circuit 91 ₁ , 91 ₂ of the drive output section Y
A drive signal is applied to the motors 56 ₁ and 56 ₂ via the motors 56 1 and 56 2 . In this way, the deflection prism 10 ₁ ,
The skew correction prism values obtained by the rotations of 10 ₁ , 11 ₁ , 11 _{1 .} . . are displayed on the skew correction prism value display section 92 of the display means Z. Further, the prism value is also controlled by a signal from the skew correction prism value data section 93 of the data input section Xb.

Note that the signals corresponding to the values displayed on the name display sections 76, 80, . Upon receiving the output of the synthesis circuit 95, the result of the refractive power measurement to be corrected is displayed on the screen of the monitor television 27.

Next, a control example of the control calculation circuit 70 will be explained. For example, in order to obtain the desired spherical power and cylindrical power by operating the spherical power change switch 78 ₁ or the cylindrical power change switch F82 ₁ , the correction optical system
K ₁ first, second and third group lenses 6 ₁ , 7
₁ and 8 ₁ (hereinafter referred to as spherical optical system) and the first and second cylindrical lenses 9 ₁ and 9 ₁ (hereinafter referred to as cylindrical optical system) may be adjusted as follows. In other words, since the composite refractive power of the spherical optical system and the cylindrical optical system is expressed as a function of the intersection angle of each axis of the first and second cylindrical lenses 9 ₁ and 9 ₁ , the intersection angle corresponding to the spherical power or the cylindrical power is Make adjustments to set it to .

In addition, when obtaining the angle of the cylinder axis using the cylinder axis change switch 85 ₁ , the angle determined by the sum or difference between the intersection angle of each axis of the first and second cylindrical lenses 9 ₁ and 9 ₁ and the reference angle is changed. 1 cylindrical lens 9
₁ or the second cylindrical lens 9 ₁ is rotated.

Furthermore, in order to obtain a desired prism value using the horizontal deflection prism change switches 88 ₁ and 88 ₂ , a predetermined relational expression must be established between the rotation angle of the deflection prisms 10 ₁ and 10 ₁ and the prism value. Therefore,
The deflection prisms 10 ₁ and 10 ₁ are rotated by an angle corresponding to the prism value. When obtaining the vertical prism value, use the horizontal deflection prism 10 ₁ ,
In addition to considering that it is arranged perpendicularly to 10 ₁ , the vertical deflection prism 11 is
₁ , 11 ₁ rotation control. In this embodiment, a subjective refractometer has been described, but the same applies to other optometric devices such as an objective refractometer, and the present invention is an optometric device that can measure both eyes. It is widely applicable to

As explained above, according to the present invention, each anterior eye segment image is formed within the aiming system outside the optical path of the measurement optical system, and a pair of aiming indicators is moved to form each anterior eye segment image. When they are matched, the center spacing of the measurement light beams is variably adjusted, and the visual axis of both eyes to be examined and the center of each measurement light beam are matched.

In this way, since the visual axis and the center of the measurement light beam are aligned with each other by the aiming system outside the optical path of the measurement optical system, it is possible to use an aiming index that allows accurate aiming without affecting the measurement optical system. It can be selected freely and the optical axis can be accurately aligned regardless of the position (observation direction) of the examiner's eyes. Moreover, since it has an aiming system that forms each anterior eye image of both eyes to be examined and collimates the images in the same field of view, it is possible to align the optical axes of both eyes simultaneously during measurement. It is possible to accurately monitor whether or not it has been completed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 10 are diagrams explaining embodiments of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the arrangement of the optical system in a subjective refractometer as an optometry device, and FIG. 2a, Fig. 2b is a schematic diagram showing the luminous flux state of the measurement optical system in distance refraction measurement; Fig. 2a shows the case of 0 dayopter, Fig. 2b shows the case of -10 dayopter, and Fig. 3a ，
b is a schematic diagram showing the luminous flux state of the measurement optical system in near refraction measurement; Fig. 3a shows the case of 0 dayopter, Fig. 3b shows the case of -10 dayopter, and Fig. 4 shows the case of -10 dayopter. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the index projection system; FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the index of the index projection system; FIGS. 6 and 7 are schematic diagrams showing the index of the aiming optical system; FIG. FIG. 7 shows the target image of the index board, FIG. 7 shows the index image of the other index board, and FIGS. The previous state, Fig. 8b is when the vertical adjustment is performed, Fig. 8c is when the working distance setting is completed, Fig. 8d is when the left and right adjustment is completed, and Fig. 8e is shown. 9 shows a case where all adjustments have been completed, FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the lens drive mechanism of the corrective optical system, and FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a circuit for controlling the lens drive mechanism. S...Measurement optical system, _K1 , _K2 ...Correction optical system,
j... Aiming system, E ₁ , E ₂ ... Eye to be examined, na, nb, nc
...Aiming indicator,,,...Indicator image, H...
Index projection system.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A pair of measurement light beams is projected toward the fundus of both eyes to be examined, and the center distance between the two measurement light beams can be variably adjusted in accordance with the interpupillary distance of the eyes to be examined. It has a measurement optical system and an aiming system for forming each anterior eye image of both eyes to be examined and collimating the images in the same field of view, and is located outside the optical path of the measurement optical system and in the optical path of the aiming system. A pair of aiming indicators are arranged at the formation positions of the anterior eye images in the eye, and are relatively movable to match each anterior eye image, and the distance between the centers of both measurement light beams can be variably adjusted. and the movement of a pair of aiming indicators to align the visual axes of both eyes to be examined with the center of each measurement light beam. 2. The measuring optical system has a pair of corrective optical systems capable of correcting the refractive power, and is configured such that the distance between the centers of both measurement light beams can be variably adjusted by moving the pair of corrective optical systems. An optometry device according to claim 1, characterized in that: 3. The optometry apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a display means for displaying the interpupillary distance of the eye to be examined based on the adjustment amount of both measurement light beams. 4. According to any one of claims 1 to 3, the aiming system has a monitor display means for displaying the anterior eye images of both eyes to be examined on the same screen. The optometry device described. 5. An index projection system having an optical axis inclined with respect to the optical axis of the sighting system and projecting an index image onto the anterior segment of at least one of the eyes to be examined, wherein the index image and the anterior segment of the eye to be examined are connected to each other. The optometry apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the working distance can be set depending on the positional relationship between the two. 6. The optometry apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the light beam projected by the index projection system is near-infrared light. 7. The light beam projected by the index projection system is configured to illuminate the area around the anterior segment of the eye to be examined, and the aiming system is configured to convert the anterior segment image by near-infrared light into a visible image and display it. The optometry apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that it has a display means.