JPH06304140A - Eye examination device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To exactly derive a refraction value of a subjective measurement and an objective measurement by detecting an optical characteristic of a subjective measuring lens, and positioning an operating distance at the time of objective measurement in accordance with its optical characteristic. CONSTITUTION:In the eye examination device having a subjective refraction measuring means for executing the measurement by inserting subjective measuring lenses 1, 2 and an objective refraction measuring means, a position in the optical axis direction of an objective refraction measuring part 7 corresponding to an optical characteristic of the subjective measuring lenses 1, 2 is displaced by a pulse motor 8, a pinion 9 and a rack 10.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optometry apparatus used in an ophthalmological clinic or an eyeglass store.

[0002]

[Prior art]

(1) Conventionally, eye refraction measurement is generally performed using an autorefractometer for objective measurement, and a horopter for subjective measurement. At this time, the refraction value measured by the autorefractometer is set as the initial value of the subjective measurement, and the subjective measurement is started.However, since the subjective measurement proceeds only by the response of the subject, the response may vary depending on the subject. May not be clear, resulting in inaccurate measurements. Moreover, the measurement takes a considerable amount of time, which tends to make the subject less focused and less accurate in the measurements.

In order to improve such a conventional situation, subjective measuring lenses having various refractive powers are inserted into the optical path to perform subjective measuring, and objective measuring means to perform objective measuring through the subjective measuring lens. An optometry apparatus including a measuring means has been proposed, and improvements have been made so that the time required for eye refraction measurement can be shortened and an accurate measurement value can be obtained.

(2) Conventionally, in order to subjectively measure the refractive power of the eye, a unit such as a horopter capable of presenting a lens having a different refractive power in front of the eye to be inspected is provided, and a unit of the visual acuity table is combined with the unit to realize the subjective perception. There is a method of obtaining the target eye refraction value. In this method, it is necessary to match the corneal apex distance between the lens in the horopter and the eye to be inspected at the measurement preparation stage, and the examiner brings the subject's forehead into contact with the forehead of the horopter, and the cornea on the front side of the horopter. The forehead support is moved back and forth while looking through the apex monitoring window to correctly align the corneal apex position of the lens in the horopter with the eye to be examined.

[0005]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

(A) However, in the above-mentioned conventional example (1), when performing the objective measurement through the subjective measurement lens, the variation in the optical distance, that is, the air-equivalent distance, due to the insertion of the subjective measurement lens in the measurement optical path is compensated for. Since the objective measurement is not performed, the working distance of the objective measurement is not accurately aligned, and an error is likely to occur in the measurement value.

(B) On the other hand, in the alignment by the corneal apex window of the above-mentioned conventional example (2), the relationship between the corneal apex and the chart attached to the corneal apex window is deviated depending on the position viewed by the examiner, and the accuracy is increased. Alignment may not be possible. Also,
There is also a problem that the window is small and extremely difficult to see, and it is difficult to confirm the position of the apex of the cornea during the optometry because the window is attached to the front of the horopter. Furthermore, in order to confirm the corneal apex position of the other eye, it is necessary to stand in front of the horopter again, and the corneal apex alignment may be troublesome or forgotten.

The first object of the present invention is the above-mentioned problem (a)
The object of the present invention is to provide an optometry apparatus with high measurement accuracy by accurately adjusting the working distance.

A second object of the present invention is the above-mentioned problem (b).
To provide an optometry device capable of monitoring the corneal apex position even during optometry.

[0009]

The optometry apparatus of the first invention for achieving the above object comprises subjective measuring means for performing subjective measurement by inserting subjective measuring lenses having various refractive powers in the optical path. Objective measurement means for performing objective measurement through the subjective measurement lens, detection means for detecting optical characteristics of the subjective measurement lens inserted in the optical path during the objective measurement, and detected by the detection means A driving unit that displaces the position of the objective measuring unit in the optical axis direction according to the optical characteristics of the subjective measuring lens.

The optometry apparatus of the second invention adjusts the distance between the subjective measurement lens and the subject's eye for measuring the subjective awareness by inserting subjective measurement lenses having various refractive powers into the optical path. And an anterior segment observing unit for observing the anterior segment of the subject's eye on a monitor.

Further, the optometry apparatus of the third invention adjusts the distance between the subjective measurement lens and the subject's eye, by inserting the subjective measurement lens having various refractive powers into the optical path to perform the subjective measurement. The lens wearing distance adjusting means and the anterior eye part observing means for observing the anterior eye part of the subject's eye from the consciousness measuring means from the branch optical path are characterized.

[0012]

In the optometry apparatus of the first invention having the above structure,
The optical axis direction of the objective measurement performed by providing the detection means for detecting the optical characteristics such as the refractive power of the subjective measurement lens inserted in the measurement optical path, and performing the objective measurement according to the optical characteristics of the subjective measurement lens detected by the detection means. By providing the driving means for displacing the position, the objective measurement is performed by aligning with the predetermined working distance even if the subjective measurement lens is inserted.

Further, in the eye examination apparatus of the second invention, since the position of the corneal apex can be adjusted on the monitor, the examiner performs the corneal apex position adjustment and further monitors the corneal apex position during the eye examination.

In the eye examination apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, since the position of the corneal apex can be adjusted by the optical path branched from the optical path of the subjective measuring means, the examiner performs the corneal apex position adjustment and further the corneal apex position during the eye examination. Monitor.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiments. In FIG. 1, in front of the eye E to be inspected, a turret 3, 4 equipped with a large number of subjective measurement lenses 1, 2 having various refractive powers, and a light splitting member for reflecting near infrared light and transmitting visible light. 5 and optotypes 6 are arranged. An objective refraction measuring unit 7 is arranged in the reflection direction of the light splitting member 5, and the objective refraction measuring unit 7 is in the optical axis direction via a pinion 9 and a rack 10 fixed to a shaft 8a of a pulse motor 8. You can move to. Further, the output of the objective refraction measuring unit 7 is connected to the control unit 11, and the output of the control unit 11 is the pulse motors 8, 12, 13 and the photo interrupter 14,
It is connected to 15. The pulse motors 12 and 13 rotate the turrets 3 and 4, respectively, and the photo interrupter 1
Reference numerals 4 and 15 are adapted to detect the light shielding portions 3a and 4a of the turrets 3 and 4, respectively.

In this embodiment, the subjective measurement lenses 1, 2 as shown in FIG.
Is not inserted in the optical path, and the turret 3,
The light-shielding portions 3a and 4a of No. 4 are connected to the photo interrupters 14 and 15
The initial position of rotation of the turrets 3 and 4 is set to match the position detected by. Here, the light source in the objective refraction measuring unit 7 is turned on, near-infrared light is projected onto the fundus of the eye E through the light dividing member 5, and the reflected light is received in the objective refraction measuring unit 7. The light is received at the section and the objective refraction value is obtained.

Based on the above measurement results, the control unit 11 drives the pulse motors 12 and 13 to rotate the turrets 3 and 4 to select the optimum combination of the subjective measurement lenses 1 and 2.
Self-measurement Determine the refractive power. At this time, the objective refraction measuring unit 7
The position in the optical axis direction of is set to the distance L0 by the output of the control unit 11. The working distance in this case is L + L0, L is the distance from the pupil Ep to the light splitting member 5, and L0 is the distance from the light splitting member 5 to the objective refraction measuring unit 7.

FIG. 3 shows a state in which the subjective refraction lens 1 is added to the optical path when the eye E to be inspected is a hypermetropic eye, and the objective refraction measuring unit 7 for performing the objective refraction measurement has the distance L0 shown in FIG. Has changed to the distance L1 in FIG.

FIG. 4 shows the movement state of the objective refraction measuring unit 7 when the positive subjective refraction lens 1 is added. In FIG. 4, the position of the pupil Ep, which is the outlet of the luminous flux of the objective refraction measuring unit 7, is Although the distance is L from the light splitting member 5, the distance is changed from L to L ′ by adding the subjective refraction lens 1, and the position of the pupil Ep is displaced.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, the objective refraction measuring unit 7 is arranged so that the distance from the light splitting member 5 is from L0 to L1.
When moved by the engagement of the rack 10 and the pinion 9,
Even when the subjective refraction lens 1 is added, the position of the pupil Ep can be properly set so that the distance from the light splitting member 5 is L.

FIG. 6 shows a subjective measuring lens 1 added in the optical path.
7 is a graph showing the relationship between the refractive power D of the objective refraction measuring unit 7 and the moving distance ΔL of the objective refraction measuring unit 7 from the initial position L + L0. The optical characteristic of the subjective refraction lens detected when the subjective refraction lens 1 and / or the subjective refraction lens 2 is added is added, and the measured value of the objective refraction measurement unit 7 at that time is used to obtain the eye E to be inspected. The control unit 11 calculates the refractive power of.

FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment, and the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same members. In front of the eye E to be examined,
Light splitting member 21, variable focus lens 22, light splitting member 2
3, the variable focus lens 24, the light splitting member 25, the light splitting member 5, and the visual target 6 are arranged. A lens frame 26 is provided around the varifocal lens 22, and the lens frame 26 is composed of a plurality of piezoelectric elements 26a to 26l as shown in FIG. A lens frame 27 including the piezoelectric element is provided.

An objective refraction measuring unit 7 is provided in the reflection direction of the light splitting member 5, and the objective refraction measuring unit 7 is driven by the control unit 11 in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Has become. The output of the control unit 11 is the drivers 28, 2
The variable focus lens 2 depending on the expansion / contraction state of the piezoelectric element via 9
The optical properties of the refracting powers of 2 and 24 and the cylindrical degree are changed. In the incident direction of the light splitting members 21 and 23, FIG.
As shown in, for example, masks 30, 31 having four openings 30a to 30d, collimating lenses 32, 33, L
Light sources 34 and 35 including EDs are provided. Also,
Light receiving elements 36 and 37 are arranged in the reflecting directions of the light splitting members 23 and 25, respectively, and outputs of the light receiving elements 36 and 37 are connected to the control unit 11.

Regarding the measurement, the light flux of the light source 34 passes through the collimator lens 32 and the openings 30a to 3 of the mask 30.
0d, is reflected by the light splitting member 21, is reflected by the other light splitting member 23 through the variable focus lens 22, and is reflected on the light receiving element 36 as shown in FIG.
6d is formed. At this time, the control unit 11 detects the optical characteristic of the varifocal lens 22 in real time from the position, size, etc. of the images 36a to 36d on the light receiving element 36, and the optical characteristic is detected by the piezoelectric element of the varifocal lens 22. 26a ~
Give feedback to 26l.

Similarly, the light flux from the light source 35 enters the light receiving element 37 through the collimator lens 33, the mask 31, the light splitting member 23, the variable focus lens 24, and the light splitting member 25, and the variable focus lens 22 or (and ) Variable focus lens 2
The subjective measurement of the eye E is performed according to the optical characteristics of 4. Further, the objective refraction measuring unit 7 is controlled by the outputs of the light receiving elements 36 and 37.
Is moved and the distance is adjusted so that objective measurement can be accurately performed with the subjective measurement lenses 22 and 24 added.

In this embodiment, the subjective measuring lens to be added at the time of objective measurement as in the first embodiment is not fixed for each objective measurement, but the variable focus lens 22 or (and)
The optical characteristics of the variable focus lens 24 are continuously changed,
It is possible to carry out continuous measurement while feeding feedback to this system, and so-called automatic fog becomes possible.

In each of the first and second embodiments, only the case where a positive subjective measuring lens is added to detect and measure a hyperopic eye is described, but an actual case including a myopic eye, an astigmatic eye, etc. Also in the eye refraction measurement, by selecting an appropriate lens having characteristics corresponding to the subjective measurement lens to be added, it is possible to proceed while appropriately repeating the subjective measurement and the objective measurement.

FIG. 11 shows a third embodiment, in which a horopter main body 41 is provided in front of an eye E to be examined, and a plurality of subjective measuring lenses 42 and 43 having various refractive powers can be inserted therein. Turrets 44, 45, light splitting member 4
6 is arranged, and the visual target 47 is arranged outside the horopter main body 41 in the transmission direction. In the reflection direction of the light splitting member 46, the anterior segment illumination light source 48, the objective lens 49, the image sensor 50
Is arranged between the light splitting member 46 and the objective lens 49 so that a plane parallel plate 51 for changing the optical path length can be inserted and retracted. The output of the image pickup device 50 is connected to the television monitor 53 together with the output of the corneal vertex position input switch 52. Further, the device is provided with an adjusting knob 55 of a forehead rest 54 that abuts on the subject M's forehead.

In this embodiment, in order to adjust the corneal vertex distance VD of the eye E to be inspected, the subject M is moved to the horopter main body 4
1 is seated in front of the forehead, the forehead rest 54 is brought into contact with the forehead, and an instruction is made to gaze at the optotype 47 through the viewing window. Then, the illumination light source 48 is turned on and is reflected by the light splitting member 46 to cause the eye E to be inspected.
Illuminate. The light flux reflected by the anterior segment returns to the original optical path,
The image is picked up by the image sensor 50 after being reflected by the light splitting member 46 and transmitted through the lens 49, and its pupil image Ep ′ is displayed.
It is displayed in 3.

The examiner adjusts the up / down and left / right of the horopter main body 41 while looking at the television monitor 53, and aligns the pupil image Ep 'with the center of the television monitor 53. If the corneal apex distance VD should be 12 mm, pressing the “12” side of the corneal apex position input switch 52 will cause the plane parallel plate 51 to move.
Escape from the optical path.

As shown in FIG. 12 (a), the subjective measuring lens 42 is optically arranged so as to be conjugate with the image pickup element 50 at a position where the distance from the rear side vertex position to the position of the pupil Ep of the eye E to be examined is 15 mm. Is located in. Generally, the corneal apex Ec and the pupil Ep
Since the optical path length is about 3 mm, the corneal vertex distance VD can be set to 12 mm by focusing the pupil image Ep '. Further, when it is desired to set the corneal vertex distance VD to 13.5 mm, "13.5" of the corneal vertex position input switch 52 is set.
If the side is pushed, the plane parallel plate 51 is inserted into the optical path. If the thickness of the plane-parallel plate 51 is set to about 4.5 mm, the optical path length is extended by 1.5 mm. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12 (b), the pupil Ep of the eye Ep is measured from the rear vertex position of the subjective measurement lens 42. The position up to the position of 16.5 mm is conjugate with the image sensor 50. Here, by focusing the pupil image Ep ′, the corneal vertex distance VD can be similarly set to 13.5 mm.

The plane parallel plate 51 is not limited to a thickness of 4.5 mm at which the corneal vertex distance VD is 13.5 mm, but various thicknesses may be prepared. Then, after adjusting the position of the forehead rest 54 with the adjusting knob 55 to correctly match the corneal vertex distance VD, the subjective refraction measurement is started. At this time, by rotating the turrets 44 and 45, the refractive powers of the subjective measurement lenses 42 and 43 can be freely combined. Since the examiner can easily confirm the focus of the pupil image Ep 'on the television monitor 53, it is possible to check whether or not the corneal vertex distance VD is appropriate during the eye examination even when the eye E is moved. Further, when measuring the other eye to be inspected, the horopter main body 41 can be moved in the same manner. Also, in order to adjust the corneal apex distance VD, a forehead pad 5
If 4 is operated electrically, the operability is improved.

The eye E to be inspected may be observed not by a television monitor but by a finder, for example.

FIG. 13 shows a fourth embodiment, which is the same as the third embodiment except that the objective refraction measuring section is incorporated in the anterior ocular segment observing optical system, and is the same as FIG. 11. The reference symbols indicate the same members. A light splitting member 61 and an objective refraction measurement optical system 62 are arranged behind the objective lens 49, and the objective refraction measurement optical system 62 incorporates a near infrared light source. A reflecting mirror 63, an imaging lens 64, and an image sensor 50 are arranged in the reflecting direction of the light splitting member 61.

In this embodiment, the light beam reflected by the anterior segment of the illumination light source 48 is reflected by the light splitting member 46, is reflected by the light splitting member 61 and the reflecting mirror 63 through the objective lens 49, and is formed by the imaging lens 64. After that, the light is received by the image sensor 50, and the pupil image Ep 'is displayed on the television monitor 53. In addition, alignment is performed in the same manner as in the third embodiment, and after the corneal vertex distance VD is correctly adjusted, the subjective measurement lenses 42 and 43 are used.
To measure the subjective refractive power, or press a switch (not shown) to turn on the near-infrared light source in the objective refraction measuring optical system 62 to detect the fundus reflected light of the eye E to be imaged.
Light is received at 0 and the objective refracting power is measured.

FIG. 14 shows the anterior ocular segment observation optical system of the fifth embodiment, in which an objective lens 72 which can be moved in the optical axis direction by a moving means 71 is provided between the subjective measuring lens 42 and the imaging lens 64 in FIG. It is arranged.

The light beam reflected by the eye E to be examined is made into parallel light by an objective lens 72 equipped with a moving means 71 which can move on the optical axis by a driving means such as a motor, and an image forming lens 64 is formed.
The pupil image Ep 'is imaged on the image pickup device 50 by, and the pupil image Ep' is observed on the television monitor.

The corneal vertex distance VD is numerically input by the keyboard 73 shown in FIG. 15, and the input value of the keyboard 73 is displayed on the liquid crystal display 74. When the corneal vertex distance VD is set to 12.0 mm, if "1", "2", ".", And "0" are entered on the keyboard 73, "12.0" is displayed on the display 74,
The moving means 71 is driven accordingly.

With such a setting, as shown in FIG. 14 (a), the objective lens 72 is fixed by the moving means 71 after the movement, and the pupil image Ep 'positions the corneal vertex distance VD to 12 mm. . Also, the corneal apex distance VD
When the distance is set to 13.5 mm, the objective lens 72 is moved by 1.5 mm by the moving means 71 and then fixed by the same input using the keyboard 73, and the corneal vertex distance VD is set. Is positioned. Also,
The amount of movement of the objective lens 72 and the amount of displacement of the corneal vertex distance VD match, and the value of the arbitrary corneal vertex distance VD input by the keyboard 73 can be set by the moving means 71.

In addition to the above embodiments, a method of changing the corneal apex position by inserting a combination lens or using a refractive power changing lens can be considered, and the eye refractive power measuring unit itself is moved. The same effect as described above can be obtained by the method or the like.

[0041]

As described above, the optometry apparatus according to the first invention is provided with the drive means for displacing the position in the optical axis direction at the time of objective measurement according to the optical characteristics of the subjective measurement lens. Even when the subjective measuring lens is inserted, the positioning can be accurately performed at a predetermined working distance, the error of the objective measurement due to the shift of the working distance can be eliminated, and the accurate objective measurement and subjective measurement can be performed.

Further, the optometry apparatus according to the second and third inventions,
By providing the anterior segment observation means and the distance adjustment means, it is possible to easily confirm the corneal apex distance during the optometry, which has been difficult in the past.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an objective measurement state.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an objective measurement state.

FIG. 4 is an operation principle diagram.

FIG. 5 is an operation principle diagram.

FIG. 6 is a relationship diagram between the amount of movement of the objective refraction measuring unit and the refractive power of the subjective measurement lens.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a variable focus lens.

FIG. 9 is a front view of the mask.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a reflected image on the light receiving element.

FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of a third embodiment.

FIG. 12 is an operation principle diagram.

FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 14 is an operation principle diagram.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a corneal vertex distance input unit.

[Explanation of symbols]

 5, 46 Light splitting member 1, 2, 42, 43 Subjective measuring lens 3, 4, 44, 45 Turret 7 Objective measuring unit 11 Control unit 51 Parallel plane plate 50 Image sensor 62 Objective refraction measuring optical system 72 Objective lens

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An objective measuring means for performing an objective measurement by inserting an objective measuring lens having various refractive powers into an optical path, an objective measuring means for performing an objective measurement through the objective measuring lens, and the objective measurement. Detection means for detecting the optical characteristics of the subjective measurement lens sometimes inserted in the optical path, and the optical axis of the objective measurement means according to the optical characteristics of the subjective measurement lens detected by the detection means. An optometry apparatus comprising: a driving unit that displaces the position in the direction. 2. The optometry apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the subjective measurement lens is a variable refractive power lens. 3. A consciousness measuring means for performing consciousness measurement by inserting consciousness measuring lenses having various refractive powers into an optical path, and a lens wearing distance adjusting means for adjusting a distance between the consciousness measuring lens and an eye to be examined. And an anterior ocular segment observing means for observing the anterior ocular segment of the subject's eye on a monitor.
The optometry apparatus according to. 4. The optometry apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising an eye-refractive-power measuring means for objectively measuring the eye-refractive power. 5. A consciousness measuring means for performing a consciousness measurement by inserting consciousness measuring lenses having various refractive powers into an optical path, and a lens wearing distance adjusting means for adjusting a distance between the consciousness measuring lens and an eye to be examined. An optometry apparatus for observing the anterior ocular segment of an eye to be inspected, the anterior ocular segment observing unit observing the subjective measuring unit from a branched optical path.