JP2018047049A - Subjective optometer and subjective optometric program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable subjective measurement under a natural state to be performed easily and with a high degree of precision.SOLUTION: A subjective optometer includes a light projecting optical system having a right eye light projecting optical system and a left eye light projecting optical system provided in a right and left pair for irradiating a target light flux onto an eye to be examined, and projecting the target onto the eye to be examined, and a correction optical system disposed in an optical path of the light projecting optical system for changing the optical characteristics of the target light flux, and measures the optical characteristics of the eye to be examined subjectively. The subjective optometer includes control means that irradiates the target light flux from one light projecting optical system of the right eye light projecting optical system and the left eye light projecting optical system, projects a first target onto one eye to be examined of the right and left eyes to be examined, and irradiates the target light flux from the other light projecting optical system of the right eye light projecting optical system and the left eye light projecting optical system, projects a second target onto the other eye to be examined of the right and left eyes to be examined. The first target includes an examination target and a first background target while the second target includes a second background target with the same pattern as the first background target.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present disclosure relates to a subjective optometry apparatus that subjectively measures optical characteristics of an eye to be examined, and a subjective optometry program.

  Conventionally, as a subjective optometry apparatus, for example, a correction optical system capable of correcting the refractive index is individually arranged in front of the subject's eye, and a test target is projected onto the fundus of the subject's eye via the correction optical system. Is known (see Patent Document 1). The examiner receives the response of the subject, adjusts the correction optical system until the target looks appropriate to the subject, obtains a correction value, and measures the refractive power of the eye based on the correction value . Further, for example, as a subjective optometry apparatus, an inspection target image via a correction optical system is formed in front of the subject's eye, and the refractive power of the eye to be examined is measured without arranging the correction optical system in front of the eye. One is known (Patent Document 2).

  In the refractive power test using these subjective optometry apparatuses, the left and right eyes are individually examined. The eye to be inspected (hereinafter referred to as the measuring eye) is caused to observe the inspection target. A shielding member is arranged on the eye that is not inspected (hereinafter referred to as non-measuring eye) so that the inspection target is not visible.

  When measuring the optical characteristics of the subject's eye, if a shielding member is placed on the non-measuring eye side, adjustment of the subject's eye acts on the shielding member, resulting in a decrease in measurement accuracy There is. For this reason, when measuring the optical characteristics of the subject's eyes, the optical characteristics and other characteristics by the subjective measurement under a natural state (open state) that the subject sees in daily life. It is considered preferable to measure optical characteristics by means of a visual measurement. As an inspection method under the open state, there is also known a method of performing an inspection under the open binocular condition in which a positive spherical power is applied and a cloud is applied to one eye without placing a shielding plate on the non-measuring eye side. Yes. There is also known a method in which a polarizing plate is disposed on the non-measuring eye side without disposing a shielding plate so that the inspection target is not visible to one eye and the inspection is performed with both eyes open.

JP-A-5-176893 U.S. Pat. No. 3,874,774

  However, conventionally, when performing a one-eye inspection in a binocular open state, a member (for example, a lens, a polarizing plate, etc.), complicated control, etc. for reproducing the binocular open state has been required. . In addition, since a member is used to reproduce the binocular open state, there are problems such as a decrease in the amount of light and a decrease in resolution.

  In view of the above problems, the present disclosure is to provide a subjective optometry apparatus and a subjective optometry program that can easily perform subjective measurement in a natural state and perform measurement with high accuracy. And

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is characterized by having the following configuration.

(1) The subjective optometry apparatus according to the first aspect of the present disclosure has a right-eye projection optical system and a left-eye projection optical system provided in a pair of left and right, and directs a target luminous flux toward the eye to be examined. A projection optical system that irradiates the target and projects the target on the eye to be examined, and a right-eye correction optical system and a left-eye correction optical system that are provided in a pair of left and right, and in the optical path of the projection optical system And a correction optical system that changes the optical characteristics of the target luminous flux, and a subjective optometry apparatus that subjectively measures the optical characteristics of the eye to be examined, the right-eye projection optical system or the A target luminous flux is emitted from one projection optical system of the left eye projection optical system, and a first target is projected onto one of the left and right test eyes, and the right eye projection optical system or Control means for irradiating a target luminous flux from the other projection optical system of the left-eye projection optical system and projecting a second target on the other eye of the left and right eyes; The first target includes an inspection target and a first background target, and the second target includes a second background target having the same pattern as the first background target. It is characterized by doing.
(2) A subjective optometry program according to the second aspect of the present disclosure includes a right-eye projection optical system and a left-eye projection optical system provided in a pair of left and right, and directs a target luminous flux toward an eye to be examined. A projection optical system that irradiates the target and projects the target on the eye to be examined, and a right-eye correction optical system and a left-eye correction optical system that are provided in a pair of left and right, and in the optical path of the projection optical system And a correction optical system that changes the optical characteristics of the target luminous flux, and is a subjective optometry program used in a subjective optometry apparatus that subjectively measures the optical characteristics of the eye to be examined. By being executed by the processor of the optometry apparatus, a target luminous flux is emitted from the right-eye projection optical system, and a first target including the test target and the first background target is projected onto the right eye to be examined. In addition, a target luminous flux is irradiated from the left-eye projection optical system, and the left eye to be examined is the same as the first background target. A first projection control step of projecting a second target including a pattern of the second background target, a target luminous flux is irradiated from the left-eye projection optical system, and the left target eye is inspected and A third target including a third background target is projected, and a target luminous flux is irradiated from the right-eye projection optical system, and a fourth background having the same pattern as the third background target is irradiated to the right eye to be examined. And a second light projection control step of projecting a fourth target including the target.
(3) A subjective optometry program according to the third aspect of the present disclosure has a right-eye projection optical system and a left-eye projection optical system provided in a pair of left and right, and directs a target luminous flux toward the eye to be examined. A projection optical system that irradiates the target and projects the target on the eye to be examined, and a right-eye correction optical system and a left-eye correction optical system that are provided in a pair of left and right, and in the optical path of the projection optical system And a correction optical system that changes the optical characteristics of the target luminous flux, and is a subjective optometry program used in a subjective optometry apparatus that subjectively measures the optical characteristics of the eye to be examined. By being executed by the processor of the optometry apparatus, the target light beam is emitted from one of the right-eye projection optical system or the left-eye projection optical system, and one of the left and right eyes to be examined Projecting a first visual target including a test visual target and a first background visual target onto the eye to be examined, and the right-eye projection light A target light beam is irradiated from the other projection optical system of the academic system or the left-eye projection optical system, and the second background of the same pattern as the first background target is applied to the other eye of the left and right eye to be examined The subjective optometry apparatus is caused to execute a light projection control step of projecting a second target including the target.

It is an external view of a subjective optometry apparatus. It is a figure explaining the structure of a measurement means. It is the schematic block diagram which looked at the inside of the subjective optometry apparatus from the front direction. It is the schematic block diagram which looked at the inside of the subjective optometry apparatus from the side surface direction. It is the schematic block diagram which looked at the inside of the subjective optometry apparatus from the upper surface direction. It is a flowchart explaining the flow of control operation. It is a figure explaining the optotype presented to the left and right eye when measuring the right eye. It is a figure explaining the optotype presented to the left and right eye when measuring the left eye. It is a figure which shows the anterior eye part image of the right eye to be examined.

  Hereinafter, one exemplary embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 9 are diagrams for explaining a subjective optometry apparatus and a subjective optometry program according to the present embodiment. In the following description, a subjective optometry apparatus will be described as an example. In addition, the items classified by <> below can be used independently or in association with each other.

  Note that the present disclosure is not limited to the apparatus described in the present embodiment. For example, terminal control software (program) that performs the functions of the following embodiments is supplied to a system or apparatus via a network or various storage media. A control device (for example, a CPU) of the system or device can read and execute the program.

  In the following description, the depth direction of the subjective optometry apparatus (the front-rear direction of the subject when measuring the subject) is perpendicular to the Z direction and the depth direction (the subject when measuring the subject). The horizontal direction on the plane (the left and right direction of the person) will be described as the X direction, and the vertical direction (the subject's vertical direction when measuring the subject) will be described as the Y direction. In addition, R and L attached | subjected to a code | symbol shall show the object for right eyes, and the object for left eyes, respectively.

<Overview>
For example, the subjective optometry apparatus (for example, the subjective optometry apparatus 1) according to the present embodiment includes a projection optical system (for example, the projection optical system 30) and a correction optical system (for example, the correction optical system 60, subjective measurement). And an optical system 25) for measuring the optical characteristics of the eye to be examined. For example, the subjective optometry apparatus includes a control unit (for example, the control unit 70).

  For example, the optical characteristics of the eye to be measured subjectively include eye refractive power (eg, at least one of spherical power, astigmatism power, astigmatic axis angle, etc.), contrast sensitivity, binocular vision function (eg, oblique position) At least one of a quantity, a stereoscopic function, etc.).

  For example, the light projecting optical system irradiates a target light beam toward the eye to be examined and projects the target on the eye to be examined. For example, the correction optical system is disposed in the optical path of the light projecting optical system, and changes the optical characteristics of the target luminous flux. Note that the light projecting optical system does not need to be provided integrally in the subjective optometry apparatus, and may be configured such that a device including the light projecting optical system is provided separately. That is, the subjective optometry apparatus in the present embodiment may be configured to include at least a correction optical system.

<Projection optics>
For example, the light projecting optical system has a light source that irradiates a target light beam. Further, for example, the light projecting optical system may include at least one optical member that guides the target light beam projected from the light source that projects the target light beam toward the eye to be examined.

  For example, a configuration using a display (for example, display 31) may be used as the light source for projecting the target luminous flux. For example, an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), an organic EL (Electro Luminescence), or the like is used as the display. For example, an inspection target such as a Landolt ring target is displayed on the display.

  For example, a DMD (Digital Micromirror Device) may be used as a light source for projecting the target luminous flux. In general, DMD has high reflectivity and is bright. Therefore, compared with the case where the liquid crystal display using polarized light is used, the light quantity of the target luminous flux can be maintained.

  For example, the light source that projects the target luminous flux may have a target-presenting visible light source and a target plate. In this case, for example, the target plate is a rotatable disc plate, and has a plurality of targets. The plurality of visual targets include, for example, visual acuity test targets used during subjective measurement. For example, as a visual test for visual acuity, visual targets for each visual acuity value (visual acuity values 0.1, 0.3,..., 1.5) are prepared. For example, the optotype plate is rotated by a motor or the like, and the optotype is switched and arranged on the optical path through which the optotype luminous flux is guided to the eye to be examined. Of course, a light source other than that described above may be used as the light source for projecting the target luminous flux.

  For example, in the present embodiment, the light projecting optical system may include a right eye light projecting optical system and a left eye light projecting optical system provided in a pair of left and right. For example, in the right-eye projection optical system and the left-eye projection optical system, the members constituting the right-eye projection optical system and the members constituting the left-eye projection optical system are configured by the same member. May be. Further, for example, the right-eye projection optical system and the left-eye projection optical system are at least partly composed of a member constituting the right-eye projection optical system and a member constituting the left-eye projection optical system. The member may be constituted by different members. For example, the right-eye projection optical system and the left-eye projection optical system include at least a part of members constituting the right-eye projection optical system and members constituting the left-eye projection optical system. It may be a configuration that is also used. Further, for example, the right-eye projection optical system and the left-eye projection optical system are separately provided with a member constituting the right-eye projection optical system and a member constituting the left-eye projection optical system, respectively. It may be configured as described above.

<Correction optics>
For example, the correction optical system may be configured to change the optical characteristics (for example, at least one of spherical power, cylindrical power, cylindrical axis, polarization characteristics, and aberration amount) of the target luminous flux. For example, a configuration for controlling the optical element may be used as a configuration for changing the optical characteristics of the target luminous flux. For example, the optical element may be configured to use at least one of a spherical lens, a cylindrical lens, a cross cylinder lens, a rotary prism, a wavefront modulation element, and the like. Of course, for example, an optical element different from the optical element described above may be used as the optical element.

  For example, the correction optical system may have a configuration in which the spherical power of the eye to be examined is corrected by optically changing the presentation position (presentation distance) of the visual target with respect to the subject's eye. In this case, for example, the configuration in which the target presentation position (presentation distance) is optically changed may be a configuration in which a light source (for example, a display) is moved in the optical axis direction. In this case, for example, an optical element (for example, a spherical lens) arranged in the optical path may be moved in the optical axis direction. Of course, the correction optical system may be a combination of a configuration for controlling the optical elements and a configuration for moving the optical elements arranged in the optical path in the optical axis direction.

  For example, the correction optical system may be an optometry unit (phoropter) that switches and arranges optical elements arranged in front of the eye to be examined. For example, the optometry unit has a lens disk in which a plurality of optical elements are arranged on the same circumference, and a driving means for rotating the lens disk, and the optical element is driven by driving means (for example, a motor). It may be configured to electrically switch between.

  For example, as a correction optical system, an optical element is disposed between an optical member for guiding a target light beam from the light projecting optical system toward the eye to be examined, and a light source of the light projecting optical system. It is possible to change the optical characteristics of the target luminous flux by controlling the above. In other words, the correcting means may be a phantom lens refractometer (phantom correcting optical system). In this case, for example, the target luminous flux corrected by the correction optical system is guided to the eye to be examined through the optical member.

  For example, in the present embodiment, the correction optical system includes a right-eye correction optical system and a left-eye correction optical system provided in a pair of left and right. For example, in the right-eye correction optical system and the left-eye correction optical system, the members constituting the right-eye correction optical system and the members constituting the left-eye correction optical system may be configured by the same member. Good. In addition, for example, the right-eye correction optical system and the left-eye correction optical system are members in which at least a part of members are different between a member constituting the right-eye correction optical system and a member constituting the left-eye correction optical system. It may be constituted by. For example, in the right-eye correction optical system and the left-eye correction optical system, at least a part of the members constituting the right-eye correction optical system and the left-eye correction optical system are combined. It may be a configuration. Further, for example, the right-eye correction optical system and the left-eye correction optical system are configured such that a member constituting the right-eye correction optical system and a member constituting the left-eye correction optical system are separately provided. It may be.

<Subjective inspection with both eyes open>
For example, in the present embodiment, the control means irradiates the target luminous flux from one of the right-eye projection optical system or the left-eye projection optical system, and one of the left and right eye to be examined. The first target (for example, the first target 200 and the third target 230) is projected onto the target and the target from the other projection optical system of the right-eye projection optical system or the left-eye projection optical system. The light beam is irradiated, and the second target (for example, the second target 210 and the fourth target 240) is projected onto the other of the left and right eyes.

  For example, the first target includes the inspection target (for example, the inspection target 201, the inspection target 231) and the first background target (for example, the first background target 202, the third background target 232). Also good. For example, the first target is a target in which an inspection target is presented on the first background target. For example, the first target may include at least an inspection target and a background target. In this case, for example, the first target may include only the inspection target and the background target.

  For example, the second target may include a second background target (for example, the second background target 212 and the fourth background target 242) having the same pattern as the first background target. For example, the second visual target is a visual target on which the inspection visual target is not presented on the second background visual target. For example, the second visual target may be configured to include at least a background visual target. In this case, for example, the second target may include only the background target. For example, the configuration in which the second background visual target is the same pattern as the first background visual target may have the same shape, size, color, pattern, luminance value, contrast, and the like. In the present disclosure, for example, substantially the same pattern may be included as the same pattern.

  For example, the inspection target may be used to acquire the optical characteristics of the subject. That is, for example, an inspection target may be projected onto the subject, and the optical characteristics may be set based on the response result of the subject regarding the projected inspection target. For example, the inspection target includes a Landolt ring target, a tumbling E target, a character target (for example, at least one of a hiragana target, an alphabet target, a numerical target, etc.), a graphic target, , A character target, and / or the like. Of course, the inspection target is not limited to the above configuration. For example, the test target may be a target that can acquire the optical characteristics of the subject based on the response of the subject regarding the test target.

  For example, the first background target may be used as the background of the inspection target. That is, for example, an examination target may be arranged on the first background target. For example, the first background target may be a single color (for example, white, black, etc.) background target. Further, for example, the first background target may be a background target in which a plurality of colors are arranged.

  For example, the second background target may be a single color (for example, white, black, etc.) background target as the background target. Further, for example, the background visual target may be a background visual target in which a plurality of colors are arranged.

  For example, the subjective optometry apparatus according to the present embodiment projects a visual target including a test visual target and a background visual target on one of the left and right eye to be examined, and on the other eye of the left and right eye to be examined. A target including a background target having the same pattern as the background target projected onto the subject's eye is projected. With such a configuration, when performing a one-eye examination in a binocular open state, a member, complicated control, and the like for reproducing the binocular open state are not required. For this reason, it is possible to easily perform a subjective measurement under natural conditions, and to perform measurement with high accuracy. That is, with such a configuration, the test eye and the background image are presented on one eye, and the background image on which the test eye is not presented is presented on the other eye. . As a result, the inspection target can be observed by the eye to be inspected, and the inspection target cannot be seen by the eye not to be inspected. That is, it is possible to easily perform a one-eye inspection with both eyes open.

  For example, the subjective optometry apparatus in the present embodiment may project a visual target as follows. For example, when measuring the right eye to be examined, the control means irradiates the target light beam from the right-eye projection optical system, and the first eye including the examination eye and the first background eyesight on the right eye to be examined. The target is projected, the target light beam is irradiated from the left-eye projection optical system, and the second target including the second background target having the same pattern as the first background target is projected onto the left eye to be examined. Also good. For example, when measuring the left eye to be examined, the control means irradiates the target light beam from the left eye projection optical system, and the third eye including the examination eye and the third background eyesight on the left eye to be examined. A target is projected, a target luminous flux is irradiated from the right-eye projection optical system, and a fourth target including the fourth background target having the same pattern as the third background target is projected onto the right eye to be examined. Also good. In this way, by projecting the visual target, one-eye examination of the left and right eye to be examined in the binocular open state can be performed.

<Fusion target>
For example, in the present embodiment, the first visual target may include a first fusion visual target (for example, the first fusion visual target 203 and the third fusion visual target 233). In this case, for example, the first visual target may be configured by an inspection visual target, a first background visual target, and a first fusion visual target. That is, for example, the first target may be a target in which the test target and the first fusion target are presented on the first background target. For example, the first fusion target may be a target that serves as a fusion stimulus. That is, for example, the first fusion visual target may be used to assist the fusion of the subject.

  For example, in the present embodiment, the second visual target includes the second fusion visual target (for example, the second fusion visual target 213 and the fourth fusion visual target 243) having the same pattern as the first fusion visual target. You may make it. In this case, for example, the second visual target may be configured by a second background visual target and a second fusion visual target. That is, the second visual target may be a visual target in which the second fusion visual target is presented on the second background visual target. For example, the second fusion target may be a target that serves as a fusion stimulus. That is, for example, the second fusion visual target may be used to assist the fusion of the subject.

  For example, in the subjective optometry apparatus according to this embodiment, the target projected on one eye has a fusion target, and the target projected on the other eye projects on one eye. The fusion target has the same pattern as the fusion target. Thus, even when the inspection is performed in the binocular open state, the fusion with both eyes can be facilitated, and the measurement can be performed with high accuracy. In particular, it is useful when the second visual target does not have the inspection visual target. For example, the eye to be examined on the side on which the test optotype is displayed is in a state where it is easy to fuse with the test optotype as a target. However, when the inspection target is not displayed on one eye, since there is no target inspection target, fusion is difficult. For example, the target projected on one eye has a fusion target, and the target projected on the other eye has the same pattern as the fusion target projected on one eye. By having a fusion target, even if the target is not an inspection target, it is easier to perform fusion with the fusion target as a target, and fusion with both eyes is possible. Can be easier.

  For example, the first fusion target may be configured in a frame shape so as to surround the inspection target. For example, the second fusion target may be configured in a frame shape. In this case, for example, as the second target, a frame-shaped second fusion target is presented on the second background target. For example, since the fusion target is configured in a frame shape so as to surround the inspection target, the fusion target is larger than the inspection target, so that the fusion action on the inspection target is more effective. Become. Thereby, a more accurate measurement result can be acquired.

  For example, the first fusion target is not limited to a frame-shaped target. For example, as the first fusion target, various patterns of targets may be used. For example, as a target of various patterns, various targets may be used in at least one of shape, size, color, pattern, luminance value, contrast, and the like. For example, the various shapes may be at least one of a frame shape, a square shape, a round shape, a triangular shape, a star shape, letters, numbers, and the like. For example, the various colors may be at least one of black, white, green, red, and the like.

  For example, the second fusion target is not limited to the frame-shaped target. For example, as the second fusion target, various patterns of targets may be used. For example, as a target of various patterns, various targets may be used in at least one of shape, size, color, pattern, luminance value, contrast, and the like. For example, the various shapes may be at least one of a frame shape, a square shape, a round shape, a triangular shape, a star shape, letters, numbers, and the like. For example, the various colors may be at least one of black, white, green, red, and the like.

  Note that, for example, the second background target and the first background target may have the same pattern, shape, size, color, pattern, brightness value, contrast, and the like. In the present disclosure, for example, substantially the same pattern may be included as the same pattern.

  For example, the position of the first fusion visual target presented on the first background visual target and the position of the second fusion visual target presented on the second background visual target may be arranged at the same position. . In the present disclosure, for example, the same position may include substantially the same position.

  Note that, for example, the subject may be easily fused by changing at least one of the shape and size of the first background target and the second background target. In other words, the background visual target may also serve as the fusion visual target. In this case, for example, the control means may change at least one of the shape and size of the first background visual target based on the background change signal. Further, for example, the control means may change at least one of the shape and size of the second background visual target based on the background change signal.

  For example, the background change signal may be output by background change signal output means (for example, the control unit 70). For example, various configurations can be used for the background change signal output means. For example, the change signal output means may be configured to output a change signal when an operation unit (for example, the operation unit 4) is operated by an examiner. Further, for example, the background change signal may be configured to output a change signal when the examination target is changed.

<Fusion target change>
For example, in the present embodiment, the control means may change the first fusion target and the second fusion target when a change signal is received. Thus, for example, the subjective optometry apparatus in the present embodiment can change the fusion target. As a result, it is possible to change the fusion target so that the examiner can easily perform the fusion, and the examiner can more easily perform the fusion.

  For example, the first fusion target and the second fusion target may be changed by changing the pattern of the first fusion target and the second fusion target. For example, the pattern to be changed may be at least one of shape, size, color, pattern, brightness value, contrast, and the like.

  For example, the change of the first fusion visual target and the second fusion visual target may be configured such that when one fusion visual target is changed, the other fusion visual target is also changed. In addition, for example, the first fusion target and the second fusion target may be changed separately.

  For example, the change signal may be output by a change signal output unit (for example, the control unit 70). For example, the change signal output means can use various configurations. For example, the change signal output means may be configured to output a change signal when an operation unit (for example, the operation unit 4) is operated by an examiner. Further, for example, the change signal output means may be configured to output a change signal when the examination target is changed. Thus, for example, the subjective optometry apparatus in the present embodiment outputs a change signal when the examination target is changed. That is, the inspection target is changed, and the fusion target is changed to a fusion target corresponding to the inspection target. Accordingly, it is possible to easily change to the fusion target so that the examiner can easily perform the fusion according to the inspection target.

  In the present embodiment, the control unit and the change signal output unit (change signal output control unit) may be combined. Further, for example, a configuration in which a control unit and a change signal output unit are separately provided may be possible. Of course, each of the control means may be constituted by a plurality of control means.

<Determination of fusion state>
For example, the technique relating to the determination of the fusion state is not limited to the application of only the subjective optometry apparatus. For example, the technique relating to the determination of the fusion state can be applied to any apparatus that measures the optical characteristics of the eye to be examined using at least one of a subjective measurement means and an objective measurement means. . For example, the technique relating to the determination of the fusion state may be applied to an objective optometry apparatus. In the following description regarding the determination of the fusion state, an optometry apparatus will be described as an example.

  For example, the optometry apparatus (for example, the subjective optometry apparatus 1) according to the present embodiment includes optical characteristic measurement means (for example, the projection optical system 30, the correction optical system 60, the subjective measurement optical system 25, and the objective measurement optical system). 10). In addition, for example, an anterior ocular segment acquisition means (for example, a control unit 70, a first index projection optical system 45, a second index projection optical system 46, and an observation optical system 50) is provided. Further, for example, the optometry apparatus includes analysis means (for example, the control unit 70). Further, for example, the optometry apparatus includes a determination unit (for example, the control unit 70). For example, the optometry apparatus includes an output unit (for example, the control unit 70).

  In the present embodiment, the analysis unit (analysis control unit), the determination unit (determination control unit), and the output unit (output control unit) may be combined. Further, for example, a configuration in which an analysis unit, a determination unit, and an output unit are separately provided may be possible. Of course, each of the control means may be constituted by a plurality of control means.

  For example, the optical characteristic measurement means may project the visual target on the left and right eye to measure the optical characteristic of the eye to be examined in the binocular open state. For example, the binocular open state may be a state in which the left and right eye to be examined are not shielded by the shielding member (a state in which the target light flux can be confirmed without being blocked). For example, the anterior ocular segment acquisition means may acquire the anterior ocular segment images of the left and right eye during measurement of the optical characteristics of the eye to be examined in the open state of both eyes by the optical characteristic measurement means. For example, the analysis unit may acquire the binocular open state information by performing an analysis process on the anterior segment image acquired by the anterior segment acquisition unit. For example, the determination unit may determine the quality of the binocular open state information acquired by the analysis unit and acquire the determination information. For example, the output unit may output the determination information acquired by the determination unit.

For example, the optometry apparatus according to the present embodiment acquires the anterior eye image of the left and right eye while measuring the optical characteristics of the eye to be examined in the open state of both eyes, and analyzes the acquired anterior eye image. The binocular open state information is obtained. Moreover, it has the structure which determines pass / fail based on the acquired binocular open state information, and outputs a determination result. Thereby, the quality of the fusion state of the eye to be examined during measurement can be easily confirmed, and the measurement result under the state where the fusion state is good can be acquired. Thereby, it is possible to obtain an accurate measurement result.
For example, the binocular open state information may be acquired during measurement of optical characteristics by the optical characteristic measuring unit. For example, the optometry apparatus includes a transmission unit that transmits a start trigger signal for starting acquisition of the anterior segment image of the left and right eyes by the anterior segment acquisition unit, and a reception unit that receives the start trigger signal. Good. For example, when the start trigger signal is transmitted by the transmitting unit and the start trigger signal is received by the receiving unit, the anterior ocular segment acquisition unit may perform left and right measurement during the measurement of the optical characteristics of the eye to be examined in the binocular open state. An anterior eye image of the subject eye is acquired. The analysis means acquires the binocular open state information by analyzing the acquired anterior segment image. Thereby, the binocular open state information during the measurement of the optical characteristic by the optical characteristic measuring means can be acquired. For example, the start of the acquisition of the anterior ocular segment image by the anterior ocular segment acquisition means may be performed manually or automatically.

  For example, the anterior eye part acquisition means may be configured to acquire the anterior eye part by photographing the anterior eye part by an anterior eye part imaging optical system provided in the optometry apparatus. Further, for example, the anterior ocular segment acquisition means may be configured to acquire an anterior ocular segment image captured by an anterior ocular segment imaging optical system of a different device separately from the optometric apparatus.

  For example, the anterior segment image of the left and right eyes may include a black eye portion (for example, a pupil portion and an iris portion) in the left and right eyes. Further, for example, the anterior segment image of the left and right eye to be examined may include a pupil portion of the left and right eye to be examined. Further, for example, the anterior segment image of the left and right eye to be examined may include the entire left and right eye to be examined.

  For example, as an anterior segment imaging optical system, an illumination optical system (for example, the second index projection optical system 46) for illuminating the anterior segment and an imaging optical system (for example, imaging the anterior segment illuminated by the illumination optical system) For example, the observation optical system 50) may be included. For example, the illumination optical system may have a configuration in which a light source of another optical system is also used. For example, the illumination optical system may have a configuration in which a dedicated light source for illuminating the anterior segment is separately provided. For example, the imaging optical system may have a configuration in which an imaging element of another optical system is also used. For example, the imaging optical system may have a configuration in which a dedicated imaging device (for example, the two-dimensional imaging device 52) for imaging the anterior segment is provided separately.

  For example, as a configuration for acquiring the anterior ocular segment images of the left and right eye to be examined, the anterior ocular segment obtaining unit obtains the anterior ocular segment image so that the anterior ocular segment of the left and right eye to be examined is included in one anterior ocular segment image. It may be configured to. In this case, for example, the anterior segment may be imaged using an anterior segment imaging optical system that can capture images within a range that includes the left and right anterior segments.

  Further, for example, as a configuration for acquiring the anterior ocular segment images of the left and right eye to be examined, an anterior ocular segment image in which the anterior ocular segment of the left and right eye to be examined is included in a plurality of simultaneously acquired anterior ocular segment images. It may be a configuration. For example, a configuration in which an anterior ocular segment image is acquired one by one for each of the left and right eye to be examined. In this case, for example, an anterior ocular segment imaging optical system provided for imaging the left and right eye to be examined is provided, and the left and right anterior ocular segments are respectively imaged by the left and right anterior ocular segment imaging optical systems. May be. In this case, for example, the configuration may be such that one anterior ocular segment imaging optical system moves to a position where each of the left and right eye to be imaged can be imaged to capture the left and right anterior segment images.

  For example, the analysis unit may acquire the binocular open state information by analyzing the anterior segment image. For example, the analysis process may be a process of detecting each part (for example, a black eye part, an iris part, a pupil part, a sclera part (white eye part), etc.). Further, for example, the analysis process may be a process of projecting an index on the cornea of the eye to be examined and detecting an index image formed on the cornea of the eye to be examined. Of course, the analysis process may be a process of detecting a part different from each part or index image.

  For example, the process of detecting each part or index image by the analysis process may be a process of performing edge detection. In this case, for example, the edge detection may be configured to detect the rise and fall of the luminance. Of course, any analysis process may be used as long as each part or index image can be detected by image processing.

  For example, the binocular open state information may be information indicating the binocular fusion state with respect to the visual target. For example, the binocular open state information may be obtained from the detection results of the left and right eyes. In this case, for example, the detection results of the left and right eyes may be acquired, and the binocular open state information may be acquired based on the acquired detection results. Further, for example, the binocular open state information may be obtained from one of the left and right eye to be examined. In this case, for example, binocular open state information is acquired based on the detection result of at least one of the left and right eye to be examined.

  For example, the analysis unit may detect each part or index image by analysis processing, and obtain binocular open state information based on the detection result. For example, the binocular open state information may be at least one of pupil information, corneal vertex information, and the like. The binocular open state information is not limited to the above configuration. For example, the binocular open state information may be information from which the line-of-sight position (visual axis position) of the eye to be examined can be acquired.

  For example, when acquiring pupil information as binocular open state information, the analyzing means detects the pupil position of the left and right eye by analyzing the anterior segment image, and based on the detected pupil position Get open state information. For example, the optometry apparatus according to this embodiment includes a configuration that detects the pupil positions of the left and right eyes and acquires binocular open state information based on the detected pupil positions. Thereby, the binocular open state information can be easily acquired with a simple configuration. For example, the pupil information may be at least one of inter-pupil distance information, pupil position information, pupil position deviation information, and the like. For example, the pupil position may be the position of any part of the pupil site. For example, the pupil position may be the center position of the pupil. Of course, the pupil position information may be different information from the above information. For example, it may be information calculated based on the pupil position. That is, any information may be used as long as the pupil position can be specified.

  For example, when acquiring corneal vertex information as binocular open state information, the analysis means detects an index image projected on the corneas of the left and right eye by analyzing the anterior segment image, and detects the detected index Binocular open state information is acquired based on the position of the image. For example, the corneal apex information may be at least one of corneal apex position information, corneal apex distance information, corneal apex shift information, and the like. Of course, the corneal vertex information may be different information from the above information. For example, it may be information calculated based on the index image position. That is, any information that can identify the corneal apex position may be used. The corneal vertex information may be acquired by detecting the corneal position from the anterior segment image without using the index image.

  For example, the binocular open state information may be information calculated from pupil position information and corneal apex position information. For example, the information calculated from the pupil position information and the corneal apex position information may be shift information between the pupil position and the corneal apex position. For example, the pupil position may be the position of any part of the pupil site. For example, the pupil position may be the center position of the pupil. Of course, the information calculated from the pupil position information and the corneal apex position information may be information different from the above information. For example, it may be information calculated based on information calculated from the pupil position and the index image position. That is, any information that can specify the pupil position and the corneal apex position may be used.

  For example, the pupil position deviation information can be acquired by calculating the movement amount of the pupil position information acquired during the measurement with respect to the reference pupil position information serving as a reference. For example, the reference pupil position information may be set as a pupil position (an average pupil position of a person) based on an average distance between human pupils. Further, for example, the pupil position information is acquired by detecting the pupil position in a state where the binocular open state of the subject to be measured is good, and the previously acquired pupil position information is used as the reference position information. It is good also as a structure to set.

  For example, as a configuration for acquiring the pupil position in advance, the anterior ocular segment acquisition means acquires the first anterior ocular segment image in advance before determining whether the binocular open state is good or not during the measurement of the optical characteristics of the eye to be examined. . For example, the analysis unit detects the pupil position from the acquired first anterior eye image and acquires the first pupil position information. Further, when determining the quality of the binocular open state during the measurement of the optical characteristics of the eye to be examined, the anterior eye part obtaining means obtains the second anterior eye part image. The analysis means detects the pupil position from the acquired second anterior eye image, and acquires second pupil position information. The analysis unit can obtain the pupil position deviation information by calculating the first pupil position information, the second pupil position information, and the movement amount. Note that, for example, the first anterior segment image may be acquired after the measurement of the optical characteristics of the eye to be examined and before the second anterior segment image is acquired. In addition, for example, the first anterior ocular segment image may be acquired by reproducing the binocular fusion state in advance and photographing before starting the measurement. In addition, for example, when acquiring the first anterior eye image, the first anterior eye image is set in a state where one eye to be examined is in an open state (a state in which the target is observed) and the other eye to be examined is shielded. May be obtained. In addition, for example, when acquiring the second anterior ocular segment image, the second anterior ocular segment image in a state where one eye to be examined is in an open state (a state in which the target is observed) and the other eye to be examined is shielded. May be obtained.

  For example, the analysis unit may acquire the binocular open state information based on at least one or more anterior segment images of the left and right eye to be examined. For example, the anterior eye part image obtained by averaging the anterior eye part images of a plurality of left and right eyes to be examined is acquired, and the binocular open state information is obtained by analyzing the acquired anterior eye part image. Good. Also, for example, the binocular open state information is acquired from the anterior segment images of the left and right eyes, and the binocular open state information is averaged to obtain the binocular open state information. You may make it do.

  For example, the determination unit may determine the quality of the binocular open state information acquired by the analysis unit and acquire the determination information. For example, the determination unit may determine whether the binocular open state information is good or bad by comparing the acquired binocular open state information with the reference data when the binocular open state information determines good or bad. . In this case, for example, the determination unit may determine pass / fail based on whether the acquired binocular open state information exceeds the reference data. In this case, the determination unit may determine pass / fail based on whether the acquired binocular open state information is the same as the reference data. In this embodiment, the same may include substantially the same.

  For example, the reference data may be stored in a memory (eg, memory 72). In this case, for example, the determination unit may call and set the reference data from the memory when performing the determination process.

  For example, the reference data may be a preset threshold value. For example, as the reference data, reference data for determining that the binocular open state is good by simulation or experiment may be set in advance. For example, the reference data may be configured to be arbitrarily set by the examiner.

  For example, the reference data may be reference data for pupil information. In this case, for example, reference data for at least one of pupil distance information, pupil position information, pupil position deviation information, and the like may be set as the reference data. For example, the reference data may be reference data for corneal vertex information. In this case, for example, reference data for at least one of corneal apex position information, corneal apex distance information, corneal apex shift information, and the like may be set as the reference data.

  For example, the determination information may be a determination result (a result indicating whether or not both eyes are open). Further, for example, the determination information includes guide information based on the determination result (for example, warning information indicating that the binocular open state is not completed, information for prompting confirmation of the binocular open state, information for prompting adjustment of the binocular open state) Etc.). Of course, the determination information is not limited to the above-described configuration, and may be any information that can identify the quality of the binocular open state.

  For example, the determination unit may determine whether or not the binocular fusion state is stable. In this case, for example, the anterior ocular segment image acquisition means acquires a plurality of anterior ocular segment images during the measurement of optical characteristics. For example, the analysis unit analyzes the acquired anterior ocular segment image to acquire a plurality of binocular open state information. For example, the determination unit sequentially determines a plurality of acquired binocular open state information, and determines whether each binocular open state information exceeds the reference data. For example, even when the determination unit determines that a predetermined number of binocular open state information is not good among a plurality of binocular open state information, the determination unit determines that the binocular open state information is not stable. Good. Of course, the determination of stability is not limited to the above configuration. For example, the determination unit may determine that the binocular open state information is not stable when the binocular open state information determined to be not good continues continuously. Note that the stability information acquired by the determination processing unit may be output by the output unit.

  For example, the output unit may output the determination information acquired by the determination unit. For example, the output unit may be configured to display the determination information on a display. For example, the output unit may be configured to print the determination information. For example, the output unit may be configured to transmit the determination information to another device (another control unit). In this case, for example, the other device may receive the determination information and perform various controls based on the received adjustment information.

  For example, the optometry apparatus may include distance changing means (for example, the control unit 70 and the light projecting optical system 30). For example, the distance changing unit may change the presentation distance of the visual target to the left and right eyes by the optical characteristic measuring unit. For example, when the presenting distance is changed, the anterior ocular segment acquisition means changes the presenting distance by the distance changing means, while measuring the optical characteristics of the subject eye in the binocular open state at the changed presenting distance. An anterior ocular segment image may be acquired. For example, the analysis unit may perform an analysis process on the anterior ocular segment image at the changed presentation distance and acquire binocular open state information at the changed presentation distance.

  For example, the optometry apparatus in the present embodiment changes the presentation distance of the target to the left and right eye, and when the presentation distance is changed, the optical characteristics of the eye to be examined in the binocular open state at the changed presentation distance During the measurement, an anterior ocular segment image is acquired. Accordingly, it can be confirmed whether or not the subject can be fused at the changed presentation distance. That is, it is possible to suppress the measurement from being performed at a presentation distance where the subject cannot be fused, and to obtain a highly accurate measurement result.

  For example, the distance changing unit may change the presentation distance of the target to a plurality of presentation distances. For example, the anterior ocular segment acquisition means is measuring the optical characteristics of the eye to be examined in the binocular open state for each position where the presentation distance is changed when the distance changing means is changed to a plurality of presentation distances. An anterior ocular segment image may be acquired. For example, the analysis unit may perform an analysis process on the anterior ocular segment image and acquire binocular open state information for each position where the presentation distance is changed. For example, the optometry apparatus in the present embodiment changes to a plurality of presentation distances, and acquires an anterior ocular segment image during measurement of optical characteristics of the eye to be examined in a binocular open state for each position where the presentation distance is changed. Thus, the presenting distance at which the subject can no longer be fused can be confirmed, and measurement can be performed within the range of the presenting distance to the position at which the subject can no longer be fused. Thereby, it is possible to obtain an accurate measurement result.

<Example>
Hereinafter, the subjective optometry apparatus of the present embodiment will be described. For example, FIG. 1 is an external view of a subjective optometry apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment. For example, the subjective optometry apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment includes a housing 2, a presentation window 3, an operation unit (monitor) 4, a chin rest 5, a base 6, an imaging optical system 100, and the like. For example, the housing 2 houses a member therein. For example, a measuring means (dotted line portion in FIG. 1) 7 is provided inside the housing 2 (details will be described later). For example, the measuring means 7 includes a right eye measuring means (right eye measuring means) 7R and a left eye measuring means (left eye measuring means) 7L. In the present embodiment, the right eye measuring means 7R and the left eye measuring means 7L are provided with the same member. That is, the subjective optometry apparatus 1 includes a pair of left and right subjective measurement means and a pair of left and right objective measurement means. Of course, the right-eye measuring means 7R and the left-eye measuring means 7L may be configured such that at least some of the members are different. Further, for example, the subjective optometry apparatus 1 may be configured to include only the subjective measurement means.

  For example, the presentation window 3 is used to present a visual target to the subject. For example, the target luminous fluxes from the right eye measuring means 7R and the left eye measuring means 7L are projected onto the eye E through the presentation window 3.

  For example, the monitor (display) 4 is a touch panel. That is, in this embodiment, the monitor 4 functions as an operation unit (controller). The monitor 4 outputs a signal corresponding to the input operation instruction to the control unit 70 described later. Of course, the monitor 4 and the operation unit may be provided separately. For example, the operation unit includes a configuration using at least one of operation means such as a mouse, a joystick, and a keyboard.

  For example, the monitor 4 may be a display mounted on the main body of the subjective optometry apparatus 1 or a display connected to the main body of the subjective optometry apparatus 1. Of course, it may not be a touch panel type. For example, a display of a personal computer (hereinafter referred to as “PC”) may be used. For example, a plurality of displays may be used in combination. For example, the measurement result is displayed on the monitor 4.

  For example, the chin rest 5 is used in order to keep the distance between the eye E to be examined and the subjective optometry apparatus 1 constant, or to suppress large blurring of the face. For example, the chin rest 5 and the housing 2 are fixed to the base 6. In the present embodiment, the chin rest 5 is used to keep the distance between the eye E to be examined and the subjective optometry apparatus 1 constant, but the present invention is not limited to this. Any configuration may be used as long as the distance between the eye E and the subjective optometry apparatus 1 is kept constant. For example, as a configuration for keeping the distance between the eye E to be examined and the subjective optometry apparatus 1 constant, a configuration using a forehead rest, a face rest, and the like can be given.

  For example, the imaging optical system 100 includes an imaging element and a lens (not shown). For example, the imaging optical system is used for photographing the face of the eye to be examined.

<Measuring means>
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the measuring means 7. In the present embodiment, the left eye measuring means 7L will be described as an example. In the present embodiment, the right-eye measuring unit 7R has the same configuration as the left-eye measuring unit 7L, and thus the description thereof is omitted. For example, the left eye measuring unit 7L includes a subjective measurement optical system 25, an objective measurement optical system 10, a first index projection optical system 45, a second index projection optical system 46, and an observation optical system 50.

<Aware optical system>
For example, the subjective measurement optical system 25 is used as a part of the configuration of the subjective measurement means that subjectively measures the optical characteristics of the eye to be examined (details will be described later). For example, the optical characteristics of the eye to be examined include eye refractive power, contrast sensitivity, binocular vision function (for example, oblique amount, stereoscopic vision function, etc.) and the like. In the present embodiment, a description will be given by taking as an example a subjective measurement means for measuring the eye refractive power of the eye to be examined. For example, the subjective measurement optical system 25 includes a light projection optical system (target light projection system) 30, a correction optical system 60, and a correction optical system 90.

  For example, the light projecting optical system 30 projects the target luminous flux toward the eye E. For example, the light projecting optical system 30 includes a display 31, a light projecting lens 33, a light projecting lens 34, a reflection mirror 36, a dichroic mirror 35, a dichroic mirror 29, and an objective lens 14. For example, the target luminous flux projected from the display 31 passes through the optical member in the order of the light projection lens 33, the light projection lens 34, the reflection mirror 36, the dichroic mirror 35, the dichroic mirror 29, and the objective lens 14 in order. Projected on.

  For example, the display 31 displays a test target such as a Landolt ring target, a fixation target for fixing the eye E to be examined (used for objective measurement, which will be described later), and the like. For example, the target luminous flux from the display 31 is projected toward the eye E. In the present embodiment, the following description will be given by taking the case where an LCD is used as the display 31 as an example.

  For example, the correction optical system 60 includes an astigmatism correction optical system 63 and a drive mechanism 39.

  For example, the astigmatism correcting optical system 63 is disposed between the light projecting lens 34 and the light projecting lens 33. For example, the astigmatism correcting optical system 63 is used to correct the cylindrical power, cylindrical axis, etc. of the eye to be examined. For example, the astigmatism correction optical system 63 includes two positive cylindrical lenses 61a and 61b having the same focal length. The cylindrical lenses 61a and 61b are independently rotated about the optical axis L2 by driving the rotation mechanisms 62a and 62b, respectively. In the present embodiment, the astigmatism correcting optical system 63 has been described by taking a configuration using two positive cylindrical lenses 61a and 61b as an example, but is not limited thereto. The astigmatism correction optical system 63 only needs to have a configuration capable of correcting the cylindrical power, the cylindrical axis, and the like. For example, a configuration in which the correction lens is taken in and out of the light path of the light projecting optical system 30 may be used.

  For example, the display 31 is integrally moved in the direction of the optical axis L2 by a drive mechanism 39 including a motor and a slide mechanism. For example, during subjective measurement, when the display 31 is moved, the presentation position (presentation distance) of the visual target relative to the subject's eye is optically changed, so that the spherical refractive power of the subject's eye is corrected. That is, the correction optical system having a spherical power is configured by the movement of the display 31. In addition, for example, when the objective is measured, the display 31 is moved, and the subject eye E is clouded. The spherical power correction optical system is not limited to this. For example, the correction optical system having a spherical power may have a configuration in which correction is performed by having a large number of optical elements and arranging the optical elements in the optical path. Further, for example, a configuration in which a lens arranged in the optical path is moved in the optical axis direction may be used.

  In the present embodiment, a description has been given taking as an example a correction optical system that corrects the spherical power, the cylindrical power, and the cylindrical axis, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a correction optical system that corrects the prism value may be provided. By providing a prism value correcting optical system, even if the subject is an oblique eye, correction can be performed so that the target luminous flux is projected onto the eye.

  In the present embodiment, the configuration in which the cylindrical power and cylindrical axis astigmatism correcting optical system 63 and the spherical power correcting optical system (for example, the driving means 39) are separately provided are described as an example. However, it is not limited to this. For example, the correction optical system may be configured to include a correction optical system that corrects spherical power, cylindrical degree, and cylindrical axis. For example, the correction optical system may be an optical system that modulates the wavefront. Further, for example, the correction optical system may be an optical system that corrects spherical power, cylindrical power, cylindrical axis, and the like. In this case, for example, the correction optical system includes a lens disk in which a large number of optical elements (spherical lens, cylindrical lens, dispersion prism, etc.) are arranged on the same circumference. When the lens disk is rotationally controlled by a drive unit (actuator or the like), the optical element desired by the examiner is arranged on the optical axis L2.

  Further, the optical element (for example, a cylindrical lens, a cross cylinder lens, a rotary prism, etc.) disposed on the optical axis L2 is rotationally controlled by the driving unit, so that the optical element is rotated at the rotation angle desired by the examiner. Arranged at L2. Switching of the optical elements arranged on the optical axis L2 may be performed by operating input means (operation means) such as the monitor 4.

  The lens disk is composed of one lens disk or a plurality of lens disks. When a plurality of lens disks are arranged, a driving unit corresponding to each lens disk is provided. For example, as a lens disk group, each lens disk includes an opening (or a 0D lens) and a plurality of optical elements. Typical types of each lens disk are a spherical lens disk having a plurality of spherical lenses having different powers, a cylindrical lens disk having a plurality of cylindrical lenses having different powers, and an auxiliary lens disk having a plurality of types of auxiliary lenses. At least one of a red filter / green filter, a prism, a cross cylinder lens, a polarizing plate, a Madox lens, and an auto cross cylinder lens is disposed on the auxiliary lens disk. Further, the cylindrical lens may be arranged to be rotatable about the optical axis L2 by the driving unit, and the rotary prism and the cross cylinder lens may be arranged to be rotatable about each optical axis by the driving unit.

  For example, the correction optical system 90 is disposed between the objective lens 14 and a deflection mirror 81 described later. For example, the correction optical system 90 is used to correct optical aberrations generated by the subjective measurement means. For example, the correction optical system 90 is used to correct astigmatism in optical aberration. For example, the correction optical system 90 includes two positive cylindrical lenses 91a and 91b having the same focal length. For example, the correction optical system 90 corrects astigmatism by adjusting the cylinder power and the cylinder axis. The cylindrical lenses 91a and 91b are independently rotated about the optical axis L3 by driving the rotation mechanisms 92a and 92b, respectively. In the present embodiment, the correction optical system 90 has been described by taking as an example a configuration using two positive cylindrical lenses 91a and 91b, but is not limited thereto. The correction optical system 90 may be any configuration that can correct astigmatism. For example, a configuration in which the correction lens is taken in and out of the optical axis L3 may be used. In the present embodiment, a configuration in which the correction optical system 90 is separately provided is taken as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. The correction optical system 60 may be configured to also use the correction optical system 90. In this case, the cylindrical power and cylindrical axis of the eye to be examined are corrected according to the amount of astigmatism. That is, the correction optical system 60 is driven so as to correct the cylinder power and the cylinder axis considering (corrected) the amount of astigmatism. In this way, the correction optical system 60 also serves as the correction optical system 90, so that, for example, complicated control and a separate correction optical system for optical aberration are not required, so that optical aberration can be corrected with a simple configuration. can do.

<Objective optical system>
For example, the objective measurement optical system 10 is used as a part of the configuration of the objective measurement means that objectively measures the optical characteristics of the eye to be examined (details will be described later). For example, the optical characteristics of the eye to be examined include eye refractive power, axial length, corneal shape, and the like. In this embodiment, an objective measurement unit that measures the eye refractive power of the eye to be examined will be described as an example.

  For example, the objective measurement optical system 10 includes a projection optical system 10a, a light receiving optical system 10b, and a correction optical system 90. For example, the projection optical system (projection optical system) 10 a projects a spot-like measurement index onto the fundus of the eye E through the pupil center of the eye E. For example, the light receiving optical system 10b takes out the fundus reflection light reflected from the fundus in a ring shape through the periphery of the pupil, and causes the two-dimensional imaging device to capture a ring-shaped fundus reflection image.

  For example, the projection optical system 10 a includes the measurement light source 11, the relay lens 12, the hall mirror 13, the prism 15, the drive unit (motor) 23, and the dichroic mirror 35 arranged on the optical axis L 1 of the objective measurement optical system 10. , Dichroic mirror 29, and objective lens 14. For example, the prism 15 is a light beam deflecting member. For example, the drive unit 23 is a rotation unit that rotates the prism 15 about the optical axis L1. For example, the light source 11 has a conjugate relationship with the fundus of the eye to be examined, and the hole portion of the Hall mirror 13 has a conjugate relationship with the pupil. For example, the prism 15 is disposed at a position deviating from a position conjugate with the pupil of the eye E to be examined, and decenters the light beam passing therethrough with respect to the optical axis L1. Instead of the prism 15, a parallel plane plate may be arranged obliquely on the optical axis L1 as a light beam deflecting member.

  For example, the dichroic mirror 35 is shared by the optical path of the subjective measurement optical system 25 and the optical path of the objective measurement optical system 10. That is, for example, the dichroic mirror 35 makes the optical axis L2 of the subjective measurement optical system 25 and the optical axis L1 of the objective measurement optical system 10 coaxial. For example, the beam splitter 29, which is an optical path branching member, reflects the light beam by the subjective measurement optical system 25 and the measurement light by the projection optical system 10a and guides them to the eye to be examined.

  For example, the light receiving optical system 10 b shares the objective lens 14, the dichroic mirror 29, the dichroic mirror 35, the prism 15, and the hall mirror 13 of the projection optical system 10 a, and the relay lens 16 disposed on the optical path in the reflection direction of the hall mirror 13. , A mirror 17, a light receiving aperture 18 disposed in an optical path in the reflection direction of the mirror 17, a collimator lens 19, a ring lens 20, and a two-dimensional image sensor 22 such as a CCD (hereinafter referred to as an image sensor 22). For example, the light receiving diaphragm 18 and the image sensor 22 are conjugated with the fundus of the eye to be examined. For example, the ring lens 20 includes a lens part formed in a ring shape and a light shielding part in which a region other than the lens part is coated with a light shielding coating, and is optically conjugate with the pupil of the eye to be examined. It has become. For example, an output from the image sensor 22 is input to the arithmetic control unit 70 (hereinafter, control unit 70).

  For example, the dichroic mirror 29 reflects the reflected light of the measurement light from the projection optical system 10 a by the fundus of the eye to be examined toward the light receiving optical system 10. Further, for example, the dichroic mirror 29 transmits the anterior ocular segment observation light and alignment light and guides them to the observation optical system 50. For example, the dichroic mirror 35 reflects the reflected light of the measurement light from the projection optical system 10 a by the fundus of the eye to be examined toward the light receiving optical system 10.

  The objective measurement optical system 10 is not limited to the above, but projects a ring-shaped measurement index on the fundus from the periphery of the pupil, takes out the fundus reflection light from the center of the pupil, and forms a ring-shaped image on the two-dimensional image sensor. A well-known thing, such as a structure which receives a fundus reflex image, can be used.

  The objective measurement optical system 10 is not limited to the above, but a projection optical system that projects measurement light toward the fundus of the subject's eye, and reflected light acquired by reflection of the measurement light on the fundus It is sufficient if the measuring optical system has a light receiving optical system that receives light by a light receiving element. For example, the optical power measurement optical system may be configured to include a Shack-Hartmann sensor. Of course, other measurement type apparatuses may be used (for example, a phase difference type apparatus that projects a slit).

  For example, the light source 11 of the projection optical system 10a, the light receiving diaphragm 18, the collimator lens 19, the ring lens 20, and the image sensor 22 of the light receiving optical system 10b can be moved integrally in the optical axis direction. In the present embodiment, for example, the light source 11 of the projection optical system 10 a, the light receiving diaphragm 18, the collimator lens 19, the ring lens 20, and the image sensor 22 of the light receiving optical system 10 b are driven by the drive mechanism 39 that drives the display 31. It is moved integrally in the direction. That is, the display 31, the light source 11 of the projection optical system 10a, the light receiving diaphragm 18 of the light receiving optical system 10b, the collimator lens 19, the ring lens 20, and the image sensor 22 move integrally as a drive unit 95 in synchronization. Of course, it is also possible to separately drive each of them.

  For example, the drive unit 95 moves a part of the objective measurement optical system 10 in the optical axis direction so that the outer ring light beam is incident on the image sensor 22 in each meridian direction. That is, by moving a part of the objective measurement optical system 10 in the direction of the optical axis L1 according to the spherical refraction error (spherical refractive power) of the eye to be examined, the spherical refraction error is corrected and the eye retina is examined. The light source 11, the light receiving diaphragm 18 and the image sensor 22 are optically conjugated. The moving position of the drive mechanism 39 is detected by a potentiometer (not shown). The Hall mirror 13 and the ring lens 20 are arranged so as to be conjugate with the pupil of the eye to be examined at a constant magnification regardless of the movement amount of the movable unit 25.

  In the above configuration, the measurement light emitted from the light source 11 passes through the relay lens 12, the hall mirror 13, the prism 15, the dichroic mirror 35, the beam splitter 29, and the objective lens 14, and is spotted on the fundus of the eye to be examined. A light source image is formed. At this time, the pupil projection image (projected light beam on the pupil) of the hall portion of the hall mirror 13 is eccentrically rotated at high speed by the prism 15 rotating around the optical axis. The point light source image projected onto the fundus is reflected and scattered, exits the eye to be examined, and is collected by the objective lens 14, and is collected by the beam splitter 29, dichroic mirror 35, high-speed rotating prism 15, Hall mirror 13, relay lens 16, The light is condensed again at the position of the light receiving aperture 18 via the mirror 17, and a ring-shaped image is formed on the image sensor 22 by the collimator lens 19 and the ring lens 20.

  For example, the prism 15 is disposed in a common optical path with the projection optical system 10a and the light receiving optical system 10b. For this reason, since the reflected light beam from the fundus passes through the same prism 15 as the projection optical system 10a, the reverse is as if the projection light beam / reflected light beam (received light beam) on the pupil was not decentered in the subsequent optical system. Scanned.

  For example, the correction optical system 90 is also used as the subjective measurement optical system 25. Needless to say, a correction optical system used in the objective measurement optical system 10 may be provided separately.

<First index projection optical system and second index projection optical system>
In the present embodiment, the first index projection optical system 45 and the second index projection optical system 46 are disposed between the correction optical system 90 and the deflection mirror 81. Of course, the arrangement positions of the first index projection optical system 45 and the second index projection optical system 46 are not limited to this.

  In the first index projection optical system 45, a plurality of infrared light sources are arranged concentrically around the optical axis L3 at intervals of 45 degrees, and are arranged symmetrically with respect to a vertical plane passing through the optical axis L3. . The first index projection optical system 45 emits near-infrared light for projecting the alignment index onto the cornea of the eye to be examined. The second index projection optical system 46 is arranged at a position different from the first index projection optical system 45 and includes six infrared light sources. In this case, the first index projection optical system 45 projects an infinite index on the cornea of the subject's eye E from the left and right directions, and the second index projection optical system 46 has a finite distance on the cornea of the subject's eye E. The index is projected from the vertical direction or oblique direction. In FIG. 2, only a part of the first index projection optical system 45 and the second index projection optical system 46 is shown for convenience. The second index projection optical system 46 is also used as anterior segment illumination that illuminates the anterior segment of the eye to be examined. It can also be used as an index for corneal shape measurement. The first index projection optical system 45 and the second index projection optical system 46 are not limited to point light sources. For example, a ring-shaped light source or a line-shaped light source may be used.

<Observation optics>
The observation optical system (imaging optical system) 50 shares the objective lens 14 and the dichroic mirror 29 in the subjective measurement optical system 25 and the objective measurement optical system 10, and includes an imaging lens 51 and a two-dimensional imaging element 52. . For example, the imaging element 52 has an imaging surface arranged at a position substantially conjugate with the anterior eye portion to be examined. For example, the output from the image sensor 52 is input to the control unit 70. Thereby, the anterior segment image of the eye to be examined is captured by the two-dimensional image sensor 52 and displayed on the monitor 4. The observation optical system 50 also serves as an optical system for detecting an alignment index image formed on the cornea of the eye to be examined by the first index projection optical system 45 and the second index projection optical system 46, and is aligned by the control unit 70. The position of the index image is detected.

<Internal configuration of the subjective optometry device>
Hereinafter, the internal configuration of the subjective optometry apparatus 1 will be described. FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of the inside of the subjective optometry apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment as viewed from the front direction (direction A in FIG. 1). FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of the inside of the subjective optometry apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment as viewed from the side surface direction (direction B in FIG. 1). FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of the inside of the subjective optometry apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment as viewed from the top surface direction (C direction in FIG. 1). In FIG. 3, for convenience of explanation, the optical axis indicating the reflection of the half mirror 84 is omitted. In FIG. 4, only the optical axis of the left eye measuring means 7L is shown for convenience of explanation. In FIG. 5, only the optical axis of the left eye measuring means 7L is shown for convenience of explanation.

  For example, the subjective optometry apparatus 1 includes a subjective measurement unit and an objective measurement unit. For example, the subjective measuring means includes measuring means 7, deflecting mirror 81, driving means 83, driving means 82, half mirror 84, and concave mirror 85. Of course, the subjective measurement means is not limited to this configuration. For example, the objective measurement unit includes the measurement unit 7, the deflection mirror 81, the half mirror 84, and the concave mirror 85. Of course, the objective measurement means is not limited to this configuration.

  The subjective optometry apparatus 1 includes a right eye drive unit 9R and a left eye drive unit 9L, and can move the right eye measurement unit 7R and the left eye measurement unit 7L in the X direction. For example, by moving the right eye measuring means 7R and the left eye measuring means 7L, the distance between the deflection mirror 81 and the measuring means 7 is changed, and the presentation position of the target luminous flux in the Z direction is changed. The Thus, the target luminous flux corrected by the correcting optical system 60 is guided to the eye to be examined, and the adjustment in the Z direction is performed so that the image of the target luminous flux corrected by the correcting optical system 60 is formed on the fundus of the subject eye. can do.

  For example, the deflection mirror 81 includes a right-eye deflection mirror 81R and a left-eye deflection mirror 81L provided in a pair of left and right. For example, the deflection mirror 81 is disposed between the correction optical system 60 and the eye to be examined. That is, the correction optical system 60 includes a right-eye correction optical system and a left-eye correction optical system provided in a pair of left and right, and the right-eye deflection mirror 81R includes the right-eye correction optical system and the right-eye correction optical system. The left-eye deflection mirror 81L is disposed between the eye ER and the left-eye correction optical system and the left eye ER. For example, the deflection mirror 81 is preferably disposed at the pupil conjugate position.

  For example, the right-eye deflection mirror 81R reflects the light beam projected from the right-eye measuring means 7R and guides it to the right eye ER. Further, for example, the reflected light reflected by the right eye ER is reflected and guided to the right eye measuring means 7R. For example, the left-eye deflection mirror 81L reflects the light beam projected from the left-eye measuring means 7L and guides it to the left eye EL. Also, for example, the reflected light reflected by the left eye EL is reflected and guided to the left eye measuring means 7L. In the present embodiment, a configuration in which the deflection mirror 81 is used as a deflection member that reflects the light beam projected from the measuring means 7 and guides it to the eye E is described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Not. Any deflecting member that reflects the light beam projected from the measuring means 7 and guides it to the eye E to be examined may be used. For example, a prism, a lens, etc. are mentioned as a deflection | deviation member.

  For example, the drive means 83 is composed of a motor (drive unit) or the like. For example, the drive unit 83 includes a drive unit 83R for driving the right-eye deflection mirror 81R and a drive unit 83L for driving the left-eye deflection mirror 81L. For example, the deflection mirror 81 can be moved in the X direction by driving the driving unit 83. For example, the distance between the right-eye deflection mirror 81R and the left-eye deflection mirror 81L is changed by moving the right-eye deflection mirror 81R and the left-eye deflection mirror 81L. The distance in the X direction between the right-eye optical path and the left-eye optical path can be changed in accordance with the inter-pupil distance.

  For example, the drive means 82 is composed of a motor (drive unit) or the like. For example, the drive unit 82 includes a drive unit 82R for driving the right-eye deflection mirror 81R and a drive unit 82L for driving the left-eye deflection mirror 81L. For example, the deflecting mirror 81 rotates by the driving of the driving unit 82. For example, the drive unit 82 rotates the deflection mirror 81 with respect to the rotation axis in the horizontal direction (X direction) and the rotation axis in the vertical direction (Y direction). That is, the driving unit 82 rotates the deflection mirror 81 in the XY directions. The rotation of the deflection mirror 81 may be one of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. Note that a configuration in which a plurality of deflection mirrors are provided in each of the optical path for the right eye and the optical path for the left eye may be employed. For example, there is a configuration in which two deflection mirrors are provided in each of the right-eye optical path and the left-eye optical path (for example, two deflection mirrors in the right-eye optical path). In this case, one deflection mirror may be rotated in the X direction and the other deflection mirror may be rotated in the Y direction. For example, when the deflection mirror 81 is rotated and moved, an image forming position is optically corrected by deflecting an apparent light beam for forming an image of the correction optical system 60 in front of the eye of the subject's eye. it can.

  For example, the concave mirror 85 is shared by the right eye measuring means 7R and the left eye measuring means 7L. For example, the concave mirror 85 is shared by the right-eye optical path including the right-eye correction optical system and the left-eye optical path including the left-eye correction optical system. That is, the concave mirror 85 is disposed at a position where it passes through both the right-eye optical path including the right-eye correction optical system and the left-eye optical path including the left-eye correction optical system. Of course, the concave mirror 85 does not have to be shared. A configuration may be adopted in which concave mirrors are provided for the right-eye optical path including the right-eye correction optical system and the left-eye optical path including the left-eye correction optical system, respectively. For example, the concave mirror 85 guides the target light flux that has passed through the correction optical system to the eye to be examined, and forms an image of the target light flux that has passed through the correction optical system in front of the eye of the eye to be examined. In the present embodiment, the configuration using the concave mirror 85 is taken as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. Various optical members can be used. For example, a lens, a plane mirror, etc. can be used as an optical member.

  For example, the concave mirror 85 is used both as a subjective measurement means and an objective measurement means. For example, the target luminous flux projected from the subjective measurement optical system 25 is projected onto the eye to be examined via the concave mirror 85. Further, for example, the measurement light projected from the objective measurement optical system 10 is projected onto the eye to be examined via the concave mirror 85. For example, the reflected light of the measurement light projected from the objective measurement optical system 10 is guided to the light receiving optical system 10 b of the objective measurement optical system 10 through the concave mirror 85. In the present embodiment, the measurement light reflected by the objective measurement optical system 10 is guided to the light receiving optical system 10b of the objective measurement optical system 10 through the concave mirror 85 as an example. However, it is not limited to this. The reflected light of the measurement light by the objective measurement optical system 10 may be configured not to pass through the concave mirror 85.

  More specifically, for example, in this embodiment, the optical axis between the concave mirror 85 and the eye E in the subjective measurement means and the distance from the concave mirror 85 to the eye E in the objective measurement means. These optical axes are at least coaxial. In this embodiment, the optical axis L2 of the subjective measurement optical system 25 and the optical axis L1 of the objective measurement optical system 10 are combined by the dichroic mirror 35 and are coaxial.

  Hereinafter, the optical path of the awareness measuring means will be described. For example, the subjective measurement means guides the target luminous flux to the subject's eye by reflecting the target luminous flux that has passed through the correction optical system 60 in the direction of the subject's eye by the concave mirror 85, and the vision that has passed through the correction optical system 60. An image of the standard luminous flux is formed in front of the eye to be examined so as to optically have a predetermined inspection distance. That is, the concave mirror 85 reflects the target light beam so as to make it a substantially parallel light beam. For this reason, the visual target image seen from the subject appears to be farther than the actual distance from the subject eye E to the display 31. That is, by using the concave mirror 85, the target image can be presented to the subject so that the image of the target light beam can be seen at the position of the predetermined inspection distance.

  This will be described in more detail. In the following description, the optical path for the left eye will be described as an example. The right-eye optical path has the same configuration as the left-eye optical path. For example, in the subjective measurement unit for the left eye, the target luminous flux projected from the display 13 of the measurement unit 7L for the left eye enters the astigmatism correction optical system 63 via the light projection lens 33. The target luminous flux that has passed through the astigmatism correction optical system 63 is incident on the correction optical system 90 via the reflection mirror 36, the dichroic mirror 35, the dichroic mirror 29, and the objective lens 14. The target luminous flux that has passed through the correction optical system 90 is projected from the left-eye measuring means 7L toward the left-eye deflection mirror 81L. The target luminous flux emitted from the left-eye measuring means 7L and reflected by the left-eye deflection mirror 81 is reflected by the half mirror 84 toward the concave mirror 85. The target luminous flux reflected by the concave mirror passes through the half mirror 84 and reaches the left eye EL.

  As a result, a target image corrected by the correction optical system 60 based on the eyeglass wearing position of the left eye EL (for example, about 12 mm from the top of the cornea) is formed on the fundus of the left eye EL. Therefore, the astigmatism correcting optical system 63 is disposed in front of the eyes, and the spherical power is adjusted in front of the eyes by the spherical power correcting optical system (in this embodiment, driven by the drive mechanism 39). The subject can collimate the target image in a natural state via the concave mirror 85. In the present embodiment, the optical path for the right eye also has the same configuration as the optical path for the left eye, and the left and right sides are based on the spectacle wearing positions of both eyes ER and EL (for example, about 12 mm from the top of the cornea). A target image corrected by the pair of correction optical systems 60 is formed on the fundus of both eyes. In this way, the subject responds to the examiner while directly looking at the target in the natural vision state, and corrects by the correction optical system 60 until the inspection target looks appropriate, and based on the correction value. The optical characteristics of the eye to be examined are measured subjectively.

  Next, the optical path of the objective measurement means will be described. In the following description, the optical path for the left eye will be described as an example. The right-eye optical path has the same configuration as the left-eye optical path. For example, in the objective measurement means for the left eye, the measurement light emitted from the light source 11 of the projection optical system 10a in the objective measurement optical system 10 passes through the relay lens 12 to the objective lens 14 and the correction optical system. 90 is incident. The measurement light that has passed through the correction optical system 90 is projected from the left-eye measuring means 7L toward the left-eye deflection mirror 81L. The measurement light emitted from the left-eye measuring means 7L and reflected by the left-eye deflection mirror 81 is reflected by the half mirror 84 toward the concave mirror 85. The measurement light reflected by the concave mirror passes through the half mirror 84, reaches the left eye EL, and forms a spot-like point light source image on the fundus of the left eye EL. At this time, the pupil projection image (projected light beam on the pupil) of the hall portion of the hall mirror 13 is eccentrically rotated at high speed by the prism 15 rotating around the optical axis.

  The light of the point light source image formed on the fundus of the left eye EL is reflected and scattered, exits the eye E, and is collected by the objective lens 14 through the optical path through which the measurement light has passed, and is dichroic mirror 29 , Dichroic mirror 35, prism 15, hall mirror 13, relay lens 16, and mirror 17. The reflected light up to the mirror 17 is condensed again on the aperture of the light receiving aperture 18, is made into a substantially parallel light beam (in the case of a normal eye) by the collimator lens 19, and is taken out as a ring-shaped light beam by the ring lens 20. The image sensor 22 receives the light as a ring image. By analyzing the received ring image, the optical characteristics of the eye to be examined can be objectively measured.

<Control unit>
For example, the control unit 70 includes a CPU (processor), a RAM, a ROM, and the like. For example, the CPU of the control unit 70 controls each member of the subjective optometry apparatus 1. For example, the RAM temporarily stores various information. The ROM of the control unit 70 stores various programs for controlling the operation of the subjective optometry apparatus 1, target data for various examinations, initial values, and the like. The control unit 70 may be configured by a plurality of control units (that is, a plurality of processors).

  For example, a nonvolatile memory (storage unit) 72, a monitor (also serving as an operation unit in this embodiment) 4, various members, and the like are electrically connected to the control unit 70. A non-volatile memory (hereinafter referred to as a memory) 72 is a non-transitory storage medium that can retain stored contents even when power supply is interrupted. For example, a hard disk drive, a flash ROM, an OCT device 1, and a USB memory that is detachably attached to the subjective optometry apparatus 1 can be used as the nonvolatile memory 72. For example, the memory 72 stores a control program for controlling the subjective measurement means and the objective measurement means.

<Control action>
Hereinafter, the control operation of the subjective optometry apparatus 1 will be described. FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of the control operation in the present embodiment. The examiner places the subject's chin on the chin rest 5 and instructs to observe the presentation window 3. The examiner instructs the subject to fixate the fixation target displayed on the display 31, and then performs alignment with the eye to be examined.

<Alignment operation (S1)>
When the alignment start switch is selected by the examiner, the control unit 70 starts automatic alignment (S1). In the present embodiment, a case where the optical characteristics of the eye to be examined during distance use are measured will be described as an example. The optical characteristics of the eye to be inspected can be measured at the time of near use in the same manner as at the time of distance use.

  For example, the control unit 70 detects the pupil positions of the left and right eyes from the face image captured by the imaging optical system 100. For example, when the pupil position is detected, the control unit 70 controls the subjective optometry apparatus 1 so that the anterior segment image is displayed on the monitor 4. For example, the control unit 70 drives the right-eye deflection mirror 81R and the left-eye deflection mirror 81L to rotate in the XY directions. Further, for example, when the pupil position is detected, the control unit 70 can move the right eye measuring means 7R and the left eye measuring means 7L in the X direction. That is, the control unit 70 performs alignment in the XY directions by driving the deflection mirror 81, and performs alignment in the Z direction by driving the measuring unit 7.

  In this embodiment, the configuration in which the alignment in the XYZ directions is adjusted by driving the deflecting mirror 81 and the measuring means 7 is described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. Any configuration that can adjust the positional relationship between the eye to be examined and the subjective measurement means and the objective measurement means may be used. That is, any configuration may be used as long as the XYZ directions can be adjusted so that an image corrected by the correction optical system 60 is formed on the fundus of the eye to be examined. For example, a configuration in which the subjective optometry apparatus 1 can be moved in the XYZ directions with respect to the chin rest 6 and the subjective optometry apparatus 1 is moved may be used. In addition, for example, a configuration in which the deflection mirror 81 and the measurement unit can be integrally moved in the XYZ directions may be configured to be able to adjust in the XYZ directions. Further, for example, a configuration in which adjustment in the XYZ directions can be performed only by the deflection mirror 81 may be adopted. In this case, for example, there is a configuration in which the deflection mirror 81 is driven to rotate and the deflection mirror 81 moves in the Z direction so that the distance from the measurement unit is changed. For example, in the alignment control, both eyes to be examined may be displayed on the monitor 4, and the alignment control of both eyes to be examined may be performed on the same screen. For example, in the alignment control, one eye to be examined is displayed on the monitor 4, and after the alignment control of one eye to be examined is completed, the other eye to be examined is displayed on the monitor 4, and the other eye to be examined is displayed. Alignment control may be performed. Further, for example, the alignment control of the other eye may be performed based on the alignment control result of one eye.

  For example, the control unit 70 detects the positional deviation of the image of the correction optical system 60 with respect to the eye to be examined. For example, the control unit 70 controls the driving unit based on the detected detection result, and deflects the apparent light beam for guiding the image of the correction optical system 60 to the eye to be examined, thereby changing the image formation position. Correct optically. As described above, the subjective optometry apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment includes a configuration that detects a positional shift between the eye to be examined and the correction optical system and optically corrects the image formation position. Accordingly, by correcting the positional deviation between the eye to be examined and the correction optical system, the apparatus can be used at an appropriate position, and measurement can be performed with high accuracy.

<Objective measurement (S2)>
Based on the output of the alignment completion signal, the controller 70 generates an objective measurement start trigger signal (hereinafter referred to as a trigger signal) for starting the objective measurement (objective measurement) (S2). When a trigger signal for starting objective measurement is issued, the control unit 70 emits a measurement light beam from the objective measurement optical system 10. In this case, each measurement light beam is reflected by the concave mirror 85 via the deflection mirrors 81R and 81L and then projected onto the fundus of the eye to be examined. The measurement light reflected from the fundus is reflected by the deflecting mirror 81R (81L) via the concave mirror 85, and then the measurement image is captured by the image sensor 22.

  For example, in the measurement of objective eye refractive power, first, preliminary measurement of eye refractive power is performed, and the display 31 is moved in the direction of the optical axis L2 based on the result of the preliminary measurement. Clouds may be applied. That is, the display 31 may be moved to a position where the eye E is in focus once. Thereafter, the main measurement of the eye refractive power may be performed on the eye to be inspected with the cloud. In this measurement, the measurement image is captured by the image sensor 22, and the output signal from the image sensor 22 is stored in the memory 72 as image data (measurement image). Thereafter, the control unit 70 performs image analysis on the ring image stored in the memory 72 to obtain a value of refractive power in each meridian direction. The control unit 70 performs a predetermined process on the refractive power, so that the objective eye refractive power of S (spherical power), C (astigmatic power), and A (astigmatic axis angle) of the subject's eye during distance use is determined. (Objective value) is obtained. The objective value obtained during distance use is stored in the memory 72.

  In the measurement of the objective eye refractive power, the control unit 70 may control the correction optical system 90 to correct the optical aberration generated in the optical path of the objective measurement optical system 10. In this case, a correction amount corresponding to the refractive power measured by the objective measurement optical system 10 is acquired from the memory 72, and the correction optical system 90 is controlled based on the acquired aberration correction amount.

  More specifically, a correction amount is set according to the eye refractive power obtained by the preliminary measurement, and the correction optical system 90 is driven based on the set correction amount. Thereby, the main measurement is performed in a state where the aberration generated in the optical path of the objective measurement optical system 10 is corrected, so that the objective eye refractive power can be accurately measured. When the eye refractive power is continuously measured (for example, a plurality of main measurements are performed), the correction optical system 90 may be controlled based on each measurement result.

  In the above description, the objective eye refractive power in the distance is measured, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the eye refractive power in the state where the visual target is presented at the near distance is used in near vision. The objective eye refractive power may be measured. The objective eye refractive power measurement may be performed simultaneously for the left and right eyes, or may be performed at different timings for the left and right eyes.

<Conscious measurement (S3)>
Next, a subjective measurement (S3) is performed. When the objective refracting power measurement is completed and the monitor 4 (also serving as an operation unit in this embodiment) is operated, it is switched to the subjective distance vision measurement mode (subject refractive power measurement) mode.

  For example, the control unit 70 may control the display 31 to display a required visual acuity value target on the optical axis L2 (for example, a visual target having an eyesight value of 0.8). When the initial presentation target is presented to the eye to be examined, the examiner measures the distance vision of the subject. When a predetermined switch of the monitor 4 is pressed, the presented visual acuity value target is switched.

  For example, when the examinee's answer is correct, the examiner switches to a visual target having a higher visual acuity value. On the other hand, when the subject's answer is an incorrect answer, the target is switched to a visual acuity that is one step lower. That is, the control unit 70 may switch the visual target based on the visual acuity value change signal from the monitor 4.

  Further, the examiner may change the correction power of the correction optical system 60 using the monitor 4 and obtain the distance awareness values (spherical power S, astigmatism power C, astigmatism axis angle A) of the eye to be examined. It should be noted that the correction power of the correction optical system 60 may be set to a separate power for the left and right eyes, or may be set to the same power for the left and right eyes.

  Hereinafter, a case where subjective measurement is performed in the binocular open state will be described. For example, when the operation unit 4 is operated and the one-eye examination mode (not shown) is selected in the distance vision measurement mode recognized by the examiner, the control unit 70 measures the right-eye measurement means 7R. Each of the means 7L is controlled. For example, in the one-eye examination mode, the examiner operates the operation unit 4 to select the first eye to be measured among the left and right eye to be measured. For example, when the subject eye to be measured is selected, the control unit 70 starts control of the light projecting optical systems 30 in the right eye measurement unit 7R and the left eye measurement unit 7L. For example, each display 31 in the right eye measuring means 7R and the left eye measuring means 7L is controlled, and a visual target is projected to each of the left and right eye to start a one-eye examination. In the single-eye examination, measurement may be started from either of the left and right eye to be examined. In this embodiment, a case where measurement is performed from the right eye to be examined will be described as an example.

  For example, the control unit 70 irradiates the target luminous flux from the right-eye projection optical system 30 and projects the first target including the inspection target and the first background target onto the right eye. Further, for example, the control unit 70 irradiates the target luminous flux from the light projection optical system 30 for the left eye, and includes the second visual target including the second background visual target having the same pattern as the first background visual target on the left eye to be examined. Project the target.

  For example, when the first target and the second target are displayed, the control unit 70 may display a required visual acuity value target. Of course, at least one of the first visual target and the second visual target may be displayed as a required visual acuity value visual target. For example, the required visual acuity value target may be set based on a measurement result measured by objective measurement. Further, for example, as the required visual acuity value target, an arbitrary visual acuity value target may be set by the examiner. Further, for example, a predetermined visual acuity value visual target may be set as a predetermined visual acuity value visual target.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the visual target presented to the left and right eye when measuring the right eye. FIG. 7A shows a visual target projected on the left eye to be examined. FIG. 7B shows a visual target projected onto the right eye to be examined. For example, in this embodiment, the inspection optotype is projected on the eye on which the measurement is performed. For example, the first visual target 200 is projected onto the right eye to be examined. For example, the second visual target 210 is projected on the left eye to be examined.

  For example, in this embodiment, as the first visual target 200, an inspection visual target 201, a first background visual target 202, and a first fusion visual target 203 are displayed. For example, the subjective measurement for the right eye is performed by switching the examination target 201 based on the answer of the subject. For example, in this embodiment, as the second visual target 210, a second background visual target 212 and a second fusion visual target 213 are displayed.

  For example, in this embodiment, the inspection target 201 is a Landolt ring target. Of course, the inspection target 201 is not limited to the Landolt ring target, and may be a different inspection target.

  For example, the first background target 202 and the second background target 212 are white background targets. Of course, the first background target 202 and the second background target 212 are not limited to the white background target and may be different background targets. For example, the first background target 202 and the second background target 212 are background targets having the same pattern.

  For example, the first fusion target 203 and the second fusion target 213 are black frame-shaped targets. For example, the first fusion visual target 203 is displayed so as to surround the inspection visual target 201. For example, the first fusion target 203 and the second fusion target 213 are fusion targets having the same pattern. For example, the first fusion visual target 203 and the second fusion visual target 213 are used to assist the fusion of the subject. In the present embodiment, the first fusion visual target 203 and the second fusion visual target 213 are exemplified by a configuration using a black frame-shaped visual target, but are not limited thereto. For example, the first fusion visual target and the second fusion visual target may use various patterns of visual targets. For example, as a target of various patterns, various targets may be used in at least one of shape, size, color, pattern, luminance value, contrast, and the like. In this embodiment, the first fusion target 203 and the second fusion target 213 are displayed. However, the first fusion target 203 and the second fusion target 213 are not displayed. It may be.

  For example, the test eye 201, the first background target 202, and the first fusion target 203 are presented on the right eye to be examined. In other words, for example, the right eye to be examined is in a state in which the first background target 202 on which the test target 201 is presented is presented. For example, the second test target 212 and the second fusion target 213 are presented to the left eye to be examined. That is, for example, the left background eye 212 is presented with the second background visual target 212 on which the test visual target is not presented. As a result, the test target 201 can be observed on the right eye to be measured, and the test target cannot be seen on the left eye to be measured. That is, the right eye to be measured can be measured in a state where the left eye to be measured is opened without being shielded. That is, measurement of the right eye to be examined (single-eye measurement) can be performed in the binocular open state.

  For example, the examiner operates the operation unit 4 based on the answer of the subject to perform the subjective measurement on the right eye by switching the examination target 201, and when the measurement on the right eye is completed, The examiner operates the operation unit 4 to start measurement of the left eye to be examined. Of course, it may be configured to detect the completion of measurement of one eye and automatically start measurement of the other eye.

  For example, in the measurement of the left eye to be examined, the control unit 70 irradiates the target luminous flux from the right-eye projection optical system 30, and the left eye to be examined includes a test target and a third background target. Three visual targets (for example, corresponding to the first visual target 200 at the time of measurement of the right eye to be examined) are projected. For example, the control unit 70 irradiates a target luminous flux from the right-eye projection optical system 30 and includes a fourth target (including a fourth background target having the same pattern as the third background target) on the right eye to be examined ( For example, the second visual target 210 at the time of measuring the right eye to be examined is projected.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the visual target presented to the left and right eye when measuring the left eye. FIG. 8A shows a visual target projected on the left eye to be examined. FIG. 8B shows a visual target projected on the right eye to be examined. For example, the fourth visual target 240 is projected onto the right eye to be examined. For example, the third visual target 230 is projected onto the left eye to be examined.

  For example, in this embodiment, as the third visual target 230, an inspection visual target 231, a third background visual target 232, and a third fusion visual target 233 are displayed. For example, the subjective measurement for the left eye is performed by switching the examination target 231 based on the answer of the subject. For example, in the present embodiment, as the fourth visual target 240, a fourth background visual target 242 and a fourth fusion visual target 243 are displayed. In addition, since the description in the 3rd target 230 and the 4th target 240 is the structure similar to the 1st target 200 and the 2nd target 210, description is abbreviate | omitted. In this way, the left eye to be measured can be measured in a state where the right eye to be measured is opened without being shielded. That is, measurement of the left eye to be examined (single eye measurement) can be performed in the binocular open state.

  As described above, for example, the subjective optometry apparatus in the present embodiment projects the target including the test target and the background target on one eye of the left and right eyes, and the other eye of the left and right eyes. A target including the background target having the same pattern as the background target projected onto one eye is projected onto the subject's eye. With such a configuration, when performing a one-eye examination in a binocular open state, a member, complicated control, and the like for reproducing the binocular open state are not required. For this reason, it is possible to easily perform a subjective measurement under natural conditions, and to perform measurement with high accuracy.

  In addition, for example, the subjective optometry apparatus according to the present embodiment projects a fusion target on one eye of the left and right eyes, and has the same pattern as the fusion target projected on one eye. Project the target eye on the other eye. Thus, even when the inspection is performed in the binocular open state, the fusion with both eyes can be facilitated, and the measurement can be performed with high accuracy. In particular, this is useful when the test target that is projected on the eye to be examined does not have the test target. For example, the eye to be examined on the side on which the test optotype is displayed is in a state where it is easy to fuse with the test optotype as a target. However, when the inspection target is not displayed on one eye, since there is no target inspection target, fusion is difficult. For example, even if the test target projected on the eye to be examined does not have the test target, the fusion target is presented on the background target, so that the fusion target is the target. This makes it easier to fuse with both eyes.

  Further, for example, since the fusion target is configured in a frame shape so as to surround the inspection target, the fusion target is larger than the inspection target, so that the fusion effect on the inspection target is reduced. Become more effective. Thereby, a more accurate measurement result can be acquired.

  As described above, after the awareness value for distance use is obtained, the mode may be switched to the near vision measurement mode for awareness. When the near measurement mode is set, the control unit 70 may control the light projecting optical system 30, change the convergence angle by the deflecting mirror 81, and present the visual target at the near position. The target presentation distance in the near-field examination may be arbitrarily changed based on an operation signal from the operation unit 4. As a result, the target presentation distance is changed from the far position to the near position. In the near-field inspection, the addition power / adjustment power may be obtained by changing the target presentation distance at the near-field position.

  In this case, for example, the control unit 70 may acquire an aberration correction amount corresponding to the target presentation distance from the memory 72 and control the correction optical system 90 based on the acquired aberration correction amount. When the target presentation distance is changed, the control unit 70 may change the aberration correction amount by the correction optical system 90 according to the target presentation distance to be changed. Thereby, even if there is a change in the target presentation distance, a target with reduced aberration is presented. In this case, the control unit 70 may change the aberration correction amount in accordance with the correction power to which the target presentation distance is added.

  Further, the control unit 70 may control the light deflection member in accordance with the change of the target presentation position, and change the convergence angle of the left and right target luminous fluxes. In this case, for example, the control unit 70 acquires the aberration correction amount corresponding to the deflection angle of the light deflection member corresponding to the convergence angle from the memory 72, and controls the correction optical system 90 based on the acquired aberration correction amount. May be. When the convergence angle of the target luminous flux is changed, the control unit 70 may change the aberration correction amount by the correction optical system 90 according to the changed convergence angle. Thereby, even if there is a change in the convergence angle, a target with reduced aberration is presented.

  In the near-field inspection, for example, the examiner changes the correction power of the correction optical system 60 by using a predetermined switch of the operation unit 4 in the state where the near-field target is presented, as in the distance inspection. You may measure subjective eye refractive power (near vision value). In the near-field inspection, the control unit 70 may change the aberration correction amount of the correction optical system 90 in accordance with the change in the correction power.

<Determination of Fusion State (S5)>
For example, in the present embodiment, in the subjective measurement in the binocular open state, there is provided a configuration for determining whether or not the binocular fusion by the left and right eyes is being performed well during the measurement. In this embodiment, it is determined whether or not the binocular fusion is performed well during the subjective measurement (S5). Of course, it may be configured to determine whether or not binocular fusion is performed well during objective measurement. In this embodiment, the measurement in the subjective distance vision measurement mode will be described as an example.

  For example, in this embodiment, the case where it is determined whether or not the binocular fusion at the time of measurement of the right eye to be examined is determined in the subjective measurement (S3) will be described. Of course, the technique disclosed herein can also be used when measuring the left eye to be examined or when measuring with both eyes. For example, the technique relating to the determination of the fusion state is not limited to the application of only the subjective measurement. For example, the technique relating to the determination of the fusion state may be applied in the objective measurement (S2).

  For example, in the subjective measurement, the control unit 70 irradiates the target luminous flux from the right-eye projection optical system 30, and applies the first target including the inspection target and the first background target to the right eye. Project. Further, for example, the control unit 70 irradiates the target luminous flux from the light projection optical system 30 for the left eye, and includes the second visual target including the second background visual target having the same pattern as the first background visual target on the left eye to be examined. Project the target. For example, in the present embodiment, the first visual target 200 is projected onto the right eye to be examined. For example, the second visual target 210 is projected on the left eye to be examined. For example, the subjective measurement for the right eye is performed by switching the examination target 201 based on the answer of the subject.

  Here, for example, the control unit 70 acquires the anterior segment image of the right and left eye during measurement of the optical characteristics of the right eye. For example, the control unit 70 turns on the light sources of the first index projection optical system 45 and the second index projection optical system 46 provided in each of the right eye measurement means 7R and the left eye measurement means 7L. Then, when a predetermined trigger signal is generated, the control unit 70 captures an anterior segment image of each of the left and right eyes.

  In the present embodiment, an anterior eye image of the left eye and an anterior eye image of the right eye are acquired. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an anterior segment image of the right eye to be examined. For example, the acquired anterior segment image 130 includes a ring index R1 from the light source of the first index projection optical system 45, and a ring index R2 from the second index projection optical system 46 inside the ring index R1. Is displayed. In addition, the pupil P is displayed in the anterior segment image 130.

  For example, the control unit 70 analyzes the acquired anterior segment image 130 and acquires binocular open state information. For example, in this embodiment, the control unit 70 detects the pupil P and the index image (for example, the ring index R2) by analysis processing, and the pupil center position (pupil center position information) PC and the corneal apex position (corneal apex position information). ) Get C. For example, the pupil center position PC can be obtained by detecting the position of the pupil P and obtaining the center position. For example, the corneal apex position C can be obtained by detecting an index image (ring image R2) and determining its center position. Of course, the corneal apex position C may be obtained from the ring image R1, or may be obtained from both the ring image R1 and the ring image R2.

  For example, the control unit 70 obtains the edge position of the pupil P from the anterior eye part image 130. For example, the control unit 70 detects the edge position of the pupil P by detecting the rise and fall of the luminance value, and acquires the contour information of the pupil P. Thereby, the control unit 70 can detect the position of the pupil P. For example, the control unit 70 detects the pupil center position PC based on the contour information of the pupil P.

  For example, the control unit 70 obtains the edge position of the index image from the anterior segment image 130. For example, the control unit 70 detects the edge position of the index image by detecting the rise and fall of the luminance value, and acquires the contour information of the index image. Thereby, the control unit 70 can detect the position of the index image. For example, the control unit 70 detects the center position of the index image based on the contour information of the index image. For example, the control unit 70 can detect the corneal apex position C by detecting the center position of the index image.

  For example, the control unit 70 acquires the binocular open state information by calculating the shift amount ΔX between the pupil center position PC and the corneal apex position C. That is, when the position of the eye to be examined is deviated, the line-of-sight direction changes, and the amount of deviation between the pupil center position PC and the corneal apex position C increases. In the present embodiment, the case where the amount of deviation between the pupil center position PC and the corneal apex position C is calculated as binocular open state information is described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the binocular open state information may be at least one of pupil information, corneal vertex information, and the like. For example, the pupil information may be at least one of inter-pupil distance information, pupil position information, pupil position deviation information, and the like. For example, the corneal apex information may be at least one of corneal apex position information, corneal apex distance information, corneal apex shift information, and the like. For example, the binocular open state information may be information calculated from pupil position information and corneal apex position information.

  Next, for example, the control unit 70 determines the quality of the acquired binocular open state information and acquires the determination information. In the present embodiment, for example, the control unit 70 acquires determination information by determining whether or not the deviation amount ΔX exceeds the reference data. For example, a preset threshold value may be used as the reference data. For example, the control unit 70 determines that the binocular open state is not good when the deviation amount ΔX exceeds the threshold value. On the other hand, for example, the control unit 70 determines that the binocular open state is good when the shift amount ΔX is equal to or less than the threshold value.

  For example, the control unit 70 acquires determination information indicating the quality of the determination result by performing a determination process. For example, the control unit 70 acquires the binocular open state of the left and right eyes, and performs a determination process. Thereby, the control unit 70 can acquire the determination information of the left and right eyes. For example, the control unit 70 may acquire each determination information as the determination information of the left and right eyes. For example, the control unit 70 may acquire integrated determination information based on the determination information of the left and right eye as the determination information of the left and right eye. In the present embodiment, a case where integrated determination information is acquired will be described as an example.

  For example, the control unit 70 acquires determination information for the left and right eye to be examined. Next, the control unit 70 acquires integrated determination information based on the determination information of the left and right eyes. For example, the control unit 70 determines that the binocular open state information is good when the determination information of each of the left and right eyes is good, and based on the determination result Get judgment information. On the other hand, the control unit 70 determines that the binocular open state information is not good when the determination information indicates that at least one of the determination information of the left and right eyes is not good, and the determination result Get decision information based on.

  For example, the control unit 70 outputs the acquired determination information. For example, in this embodiment, the control unit 70 displays the determination information on the monitor 4. Of course, the control unit 70 may be configured to print the determination information.

  As described above, for example, the optometry apparatus according to the present embodiment acquires the anterior segment image of the left and right eyes while measuring the optical characteristics of the subject eye in the open state of both eyes, and acquires the acquired anterior segment image. And binocular open state information is acquired. Moreover, it has the structure which determines pass / fail based on the acquired binocular open state information, and outputs a determination result. Thereby, the quality of the fusion state of the eye to be examined during measurement can be easily confirmed, and the measurement result under the state where the fusion state is good can be acquired. Thereby, it is possible to obtain an accurate measurement result.

  In the present embodiment, the binocular open state information may be acquired when the presentation distance is changed. In the present embodiment, for example, when changing the presentation distance, the control unit 70 controls the display 31 of the light projecting optical system 30 to change the presentation distance. For example, the control unit 70 may change the convergence angle by changing the angles of the deflection mirrors 81R and 81L according to the presentation distance. Note that, for example, the control unit 70 may start measurement after changing the presentation distance, and acquire determination information regarding the binocular open state. For example, the control unit 70 may acquire the determination information regarding the binocular open state even while the presentation distance is changed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Subjective optometry apparatus 2 Case 3 Presenting window 4 Monitor 5 Jaw stand 6 Base 7 Measuring means 10 Objective measurement optical system 25 Subjective measurement optical system 30 Projection optical system 45 First index projection optical system 46 Second Index projection optical system 50 Observation optical system 60 Correction optical system 70 Control unit 72 Memory 81 Deflection mirror 84 Half mirror 85 Concave mirror 90 Correction optical system 100 Imaging optical system

Claims (7)

A right-eye projection optical system and a left-eye projection optical system provided in a pair of left and right; a projection optical system that irradiates a target luminous flux toward the subject's eye and projects the target on the subject's eye; ,
A correction optical system having a right-eye correction optical system and a left-eye correction optical system provided in a pair of left and right, disposed in an optical path of the light projection optical system, and changing an optical characteristic of a target luminous flux;
A subjective optometry apparatus that subjectively measures the optical characteristics of the eye to be examined,
The target luminous flux is irradiated from one of the right-eye projection optical system or the left-eye projection optical system, and the first target is projected onto one of the left and right eye to be examined. Irradiating a target luminous flux from the other projection optical system of the right eye projection optical system or the left eye projection optical system, and projecting a second target to the other eye to be examined of the left and right eye to be examined Control means for
The first target includes an inspection target and a first background target,
The second optotype includes a second background optotype having the same pattern as the first background optotype. The subjective optometry apparatus according to claim 1,
The first visual target includes a first fusion visual target,
The optometry apparatus, wherein the second visual target includes a second fusion visual target having the same pattern as the first fusion visual target. The subjective optometry apparatus according to claim 2,
The control means changes the first fusion visual target and the second fusion visual target when receiving a change signal. The subjective optometry apparatus according to claim 3,
A subjective optometry apparatus comprising change signal output means for outputting the change signal when the inspection target is changed. In the subjective optometry apparatus in any one of Claims 2-4,
The first fusion target is configured in a frame shape so as to surround the inspection target. A right-eye projection optical system and a left-eye projection optical system provided in a pair of left and right; a projection optical system that irradiates a target luminous flux toward the subject's eye and projects the target on the subject's eye; A correction optical system having a right-eye correction optical system and a left-eye correction optical system provided in a pair of left and right, disposed in the optical path of the projection optical system, and changing the optical characteristics of the target luminous flux; A subjective optometry program used in a subjective optometry apparatus that subjectively measures the optical characteristics of the subject's eye, and is executed by the processor of the subjective optometry apparatus,
A target luminous flux is emitted from the right-eye projection optical system, a first target including a test target and a first background target is projected onto the right eye, and the left-eye projection optical system A first projection control step of irradiating a target luminous flux and projecting a second target including the second background target having the same pattern as the first background target to the left eye to be examined;
A target luminous flux is emitted from the left-eye projection optical system, and a third target including a test target and a third background target is projected onto the left eye, and the right-eye projection optical system A second projection control step of irradiating a target luminous flux and projecting a fourth target including the fourth background target having the same pattern as the third background target to the right eye to be examined;
The conscious optometry program is executed by the conscious optometry apparatus. A right-eye projection optical system and a left-eye projection optical system provided in a pair of left and right; a projection optical system that irradiates a target luminous flux toward the subject's eye and projects the target on the subject's eye; A correction optical system having a right-eye correction optical system and a left-eye correction optical system provided in a pair of left and right, disposed in the optical path of the projection optical system, and changing the optical characteristics of the target luminous flux; A subjective optometry program used in a subjective optometry apparatus that subjectively measures the optical characteristics of the subject's eye, and is executed by the processor of the subjective optometry apparatus,
A target luminous flux is irradiated from one of the right-eye projection optical system or the left-eye projection optical system, and the test target and the first background vision are applied to one of the left and right eyes. And projecting a first target including the target, irradiating a target luminous flux from the other projection optical system of the right-eye projection optical system or the left-eye projection optical system, and A subjective optometry characterized by causing the subjective optometry apparatus to execute a light projection control step of projecting a second target including a second background target having the same pattern as the first background target on the other eye to be examined. program.