JP3257182B2 - Painting treatment equipment and painting treatment method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a coating processing apparatus and a coating processing method having a function of detecting a state of a coated surface immediately after a surface of an object to be coated such as an automobile body is coated.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an apparatus for coating a body of an automobile is described in "Automobile Engineering Manufacturing Method", Vol. 19, April 20, 1980, published by Sankaido Co., Ltd.

In such a coating processing apparatus, for example, a coating gun for spraying paint moves the vehicle body to be coated in the front-rear direction, the vehicle width direction and the vertical direction to apply the coating over the entire body surface. There is something to do. In this case, the coating gun ejects the coating while always keeping a constant distance to the surface to be coated. Then, it is necessary to determine whether or not the state of the painted surface after painting has a prescribed paint film thickness or whether it has a prescribed sharpness, that is, smoothness, thickness and glossiness.

For the determination of the coating film thickness, there are conventionally known coating film thickness measuring devices of, for example, a contact type using a needle gauge, a non-contact type using an electromagnetic type or an eddy current type. FIG. 36 is an explanatory view showing a non-contact wet coating film thickness measuring apparatus utilizing the non-magnetic polarity of the paint, among such conventional coating film thickness measuring apparatuses. In this conventional wet coating film thickness measuring device, a non-contact film thickness sensor 82 is positioned in advance at a close distance _ho in opposition to a coating surface of an object 81 made of a steel plate as shown in FIG. After that,
A magnetic field is generated between the object to be coated 81 and the non-contact film thickness sensor 82 by a transmission / reception coil provided in the non-contact film thickness sensor 82. Then, as shown in FIG.
When the wet paint 83 is applied on the surface of the object 81, the magnetic field between the object 81 and the non-contact film thickness sensor 82 after the coating is attenuated by the electromagnetic resistance due to the film thickness and is detected by the receiving coil. You. Therefore, the coating film thickness can be measured by detecting a change in magnetic flux inversely proportional to the film thickness.

[0005] Among the above-mentioned coating film thickness measuring devices, those of a contact type such as a needle gauge type have a problem that the coating quality is affected by a scratch on the coating surface.

On the other hand, of the non-contact type, FIG.
The measuring device as shown in FIG. 6 does not damage the painted surface, but it is necessary to set the distance between the object to be coated and the non-contact film thickness sensor to a predetermined close distance before painting.

On the other hand, in order to determine the sharpness of the painted surface, an image pickup means for measuring the painted surface to keep a constant distance from the painted surface was used in the same manner as in the non-contact film thickness sensor described above. From the sharpness, it is determined whether or not the painted surface has the desired sharpness.If the desired sharpness is not obtained, the coating process is performed so that the desired sharpness is obtained. This is performed for feedback control. Therefore, in order to perform quick feedback control, it is desirable that the sharpness can be measured immediately after coating. This is also true for the measurement of the coating film pressure. By measuring the film thickness immediately after coating, early response to coating conditions can be achieved.

When measuring the wet coating film thickness or the sharpness thereof in a non-contact state with the coating surface using such a coating film thickness measuring device or sharpness measuring device, a non-contact film thickness sensor is used. Alternatively, since it is necessary to keep the distance between the imaging means and the surface to be coated constant, for example, it is necessary for an operator to carry out the measurement while keeping the distance to the surface to be coated constant by holding a non-contact film thickness sensor or the imaging means. .

[0009]

However, it is difficult for an operator to maintain a constant distance from the surface to be coated with a non-contact film thickness sensor or an image pickup means for a long period of time. ) Is not completely dry but wet, so that problems such as destruction of the coating film due to contact and adhesion of dust are liable to occur.

Further, the measurement timing is important because the film thickness or the sharpness fluctuates due to the lapse of a certain period of time after the coating. It is impossible to use a method that has an imaging unit.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to accurately detect the state of a coating surface immediately after coating without causing problems such as destruction of a coating film and adhesion of dust.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention firstly sprays a paint by moving relative to the surface to be coated while maintaining a certain distance from the surface to be coated. A coating means for electrostatic coating, and an outer periphery of the coating means, which is supported via a support pipe rotatable coaxially with the coating means and an arm connected to the support pipe, and is fixed to the surface to be coated. The apparatus is provided with an undried coating surface detecting means for detecting an undried coating surface of a surface to be coated immediately after being coated by the coating means while maintaining the distance.

Secondly, in the first configuration, the coating means is supported by a moving device so as to be movable in the front-rear direction and the vertical direction on the surface to be coated. The structure is such that the rotation of the pipe is driven and controlled to be at the rear position in the moving direction of the coating means.

Third, immediately after the paint is ejected from the electrostatic painting means which relatively moves on the paint surface while maintaining a certain distance from the paint surface, and the paint is applied to the paint surface. Mounted on the outer periphery of the coating means via a support tube rotatable coaxially with the coating means and an arm connected to the support tube and maintained at a fixed distance from the surface to be coated. By the wet coating surface detecting means, which is driven and controlled to be at a position behind the moving direction of the coating means,
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coating method for detecting an undried coating surface of the coated surface.

Fourth, in the first configuration or the second configuration, the wet-painted surface detecting means is constituted by a roughness measuring means for measuring the roughness of the wet-painted surface immediately after the paint is applied, A time variation calculating means for calculating a time variation of the surface roughness information measured by the roughness measuring means, an input means for inputting component information of the paint, a component information of the paint and the surface roughness information And a coating film thickness calculating means for calculating the coating film thickness on the basis of the time change amount.

Fifth, in the first configuration or the second configuration, the wet-painted surface detecting means is constituted by a roughness measuring means for measuring the roughness of the wet-painted surface immediately after the paint is applied, A calculating means for calculating a peak-to-peak value and a wavelength of surface irregularities from the surface roughness information measured by the roughness measuring means; and a time change amount for calculating a time-change amount of the peak-to-peak value of the surface unevenness. Calculating means, input means for inputting the component information of the coating, coating for calculating the coating film thickness based on the component information of the coating, the time variation of the peak-to-peak value of the surface unevenness and the wavelength of the surface unevenness. The configuration is provided with a film thickness calculating means.

Sixth, in the first configuration or the second configuration, the wet painted surface detecting means is constituted by a roughness measuring means for measuring the roughness of the wet painted surface immediately after the paint is applied, A calculating means for calculating a surface roughness and a wavelength from the surface roughness information measured by the roughness measuring means, a time change calculating means for calculating a time change of the surface roughness, and the paint Input means for inputting the component information of, and a coating film thickness calculating means for calculating a coating film thickness based on the coating composition information, the time variation of the surface roughness and the wavelength of the surface roughness. There is a configuration.

Seventh, in the first configuration or the second configuration, the wet coated surface detecting means is constituted by a roughness measuring means for measuring the roughness of the wet coated surface immediately after the coating of the paint, A computing means for calculating a surface roughness and a wavelength or a peak-to-peak value and a wavelength of surface irregularities from the surface roughness information measured by the roughness measuring means, and component information and coating conditions of the paint are inputted. Input means, estimating means for estimating a smoothing initial value based on the component information and coating conditions of the paint, the surface roughness and the wavelength or the peak-to-peak value and wavelength of the surface irregularities, and the surface roughness A coating thickness calculating means for calculating a coating thickness based on the degree and wavelength or the peak-to-peak value and wavelength of the surface irregularities and the smoothing initial value is provided.

Eighth, in the first configuration or the second configuration, the wet-painted surface detecting means is constituted by image-taking means for taking an image of the roughness of the wet-painted surface immediately after the paint is applied, and Power spectrum analysis means for analyzing the surface roughness information imaged by the means and outputting it as power spectrum data; and calculating a power spectrum integrated value and a wavelength corresponding to the surface roughness from the power spectrum data from the power spectrum analysis means. Calculating means, and input means for inputting the paint component information and coating conditions,
A coating film thickness calculating means for calculating a coating film thickness from the power spectrum integrated value, the wavelength, the coating material component information and the coating condition using a smoothing theoretical formula using a power spectrum analysis value is provided.

Ninth, a coating means for ejecting a paint while moving relative to the surface to be coated while maintaining a certain distance from the surface to be coated, and a coating means mounted on the coating means and immediately after being coated by the coating means. Comprising a wet-painted surface detecting means for detecting a wet-painted surface of the surface to be coated, the wet-painted surface detecting means,
An input unit for inputting a coating condition including component information of the coating; and an input unit configured to input a coating condition including component information of the coating, and a surface roughness imaged by the coating unit. Wet coating film thickness calculating means for calculating the wet coating film thickness using the smoothing theory of the surface roughness from the surface information, and the wet coating film thickness calculated by the wet coating film thickness calculating means and the coating paint of the above-mentioned coating conditions. A dry coating film thickness calculating means for calculating the dry coating film thickness based on the solid content ratio information is provided.

Tenthly, a coating means for ejecting a paint while moving relative to the surface to be coated while maintaining a certain distance from the surface to be coated, and a coating means mounted on the coating means and immediately after being coated by the coating means. A wet-painted surface detection means for detecting a wet-painted surface of the surface to be coated, wherein the wet-painted-surface detection means comprises imaging means for imaging the roughness of the wet-painted surface immediately after the paint is applied. An image processing means for performing image processing on image information from the imaging means; an input means for inputting a coating condition; and a sharpening of a wet painted surface based on the image information processed by the image processing means and the coating condition. Wet clarity calculating means for calculating the clarity, dry clarity estimating means for estimating the clarity of the dry-painted surface from the clarity of the wet-painted surface, and images taken by the coating conditions and the imaging means. Surface roughness information Wet coating film thickness calculating means for calculating the wet coating film thickness using the theory of smoothing the surface roughness, and the wet coating film thickness calculated by the wet coating film thickness calculating means and the coating solid content of the coating conditions A dry coating film thickness calculating means for calculating a dry coating film thickness based on the ratio information, and judging paintability based on the sharpness of the wet painted surface and the dry painted surface and the wet painted film thickness and the dry painted film thickness Calculating an optimum coating thickness, calculating a deviation of the dry coating thickness with respect to the optimum coating thickness, and applying the coating based on the deviation of the dry coating thickness with respect to the optimum coating thickness. A control means for controlling conditions is provided.

Eleventh, a coating means for ejecting the paint while relatively moving on the surface to be coated while maintaining a certain distance from the surface to be coated, and a coating means mounted on the coating means and immediately after being coated by the coating means. A wet-painted surface detection means for detecting a wet-painted surface of the surface to be coated, wherein the wet-painted-surface detection means comprises imaging means for imaging the roughness of the wet-painted surface immediately after the paint is applied. An image processing unit for performing image processing on image information from the imaging unit; an input unit for inputting coating conditions; and calculating the sharpness of the wet painted surface based on the image information processed by the image processing unit. And a dry sharpness estimating means for estimating the sharpness of the dry painted surface from the sharpness of the wet painted surface and the painting conditions. Twelfth, in any one of the ninth to eleventh configurations, the coating means is supported by a moving device so as to be movable in the front-rear direction and the vertical direction on the surface to be coated. Is movably mounted on the coating means while maintaining a certain distance from the surface to be coated.

[0023]

According to the first, second or third method,
The coating is performed on the surface to be coated by spraying the coating material from a coating unit that maintains a predetermined distance from the surface to be coated. Immediately after this coating was performed, the undried coating surface detection means attached to the coating means was rotatable coaxially around the outer periphery of the coating means, and maintained a certain distance from the surface to be coated. In this state, the undried coating surface applied to the surface to be coated is detected without causing problems such as coating film destruction and dust adhesion.

According to the fourth configuration, the surface roughness of the undried coating immediately after coating is measured, the amount of time change of the surface roughness information is calculated, and the time change of the component information and the surface roughness information of the paint are calculated. Calculate the coating thickness based on the amount.

According to the fifth configuration, the roughness of the undried coating surface immediately after coating is measured, and the peak-to-peak value and wavelength of the surface unevenness are calculated from the surface roughness information. The time variation of the peak-to-peak value is calculated, and the coating film thickness is calculated based on the component information of the paint, the time variation of the peak-to-peak value of the surface unevenness, and the wavelength of the surface unevenness.

According to the sixth configuration, the roughness of the undried coating surface immediately after coating is measured, the surface roughness and wavelength are calculated from the surface roughness information, and the time variation of the surface roughness is calculated. The amount is calculated, and the coating film thickness is calculated based on the component information of the paint, the amount of change in surface roughness over time, and the wavelength of surface roughness.

According to the seventh configuration, the surface roughness of the undried coating immediately after coating is measured, and the surface roughness and the wavelength or the peak-to-peak value and the wavelength of the surface unevenness are determined from the surface roughness information. Calculate, paint composition information and coating conditions,
The smoothing initial value is estimated based on the surface roughness and the wavelength or the peak-to-peak value and the wavelength of the surface unevenness, and the surface roughness and the wavelength or the peak-to-peak value and the wavelength of the surface unevenness, and the smoothing initial value. Calculate the coating film thickness based on

According to the eighth configuration, the surface roughness information obtained by imaging the roughness of the wet coating surface immediately after coating is subjected to power spectrum analysis, and the power spectrum integrated value and wavelength corresponding to the surface roughness are obtained from the power spectrum data. Is calculated, and using a smoothing theoretical formula using the power spectrum analysis value,
The coating thickness is calculated from the integrated value of the power spectrum, the wavelength, the coating composition information and the coating conditions.

According to the ninth configuration, the wet coating film thickness is calculated from the surface roughness information obtained by imaging the roughness of the undried coating surface immediately after coating and the coating conditions using the smoothing theory of surface roughness. The dry coating film thickness is calculated based on the wet coating film thickness and the information on the solid content ratio of the coating paint in the coating conditions.

According to the tenth configuration, the sharpness of the wet painted surface is calculated based on image information obtained by imaging the roughness of the undried painted surface immediately after painting and the painting conditions, and the sharpness of the wet painted surface is calculated. Estimate the sharpness of the dry coated surface from the properties, calculate the wet coating thickness using the smoothing theory of the surface roughness from the coating conditions and the imaged surface roughness information, this wet coating film thickness and coating conditions The dry paint film thickness is calculated based on the paint solid content ratio information, and the paintability is determined based on the sharpness of the wet paint surface and the dry paint surface and the wet paint film thickness and the dry paint film thickness. The optimum coating thickness is calculated, the deviation of the dry coating thickness from the optimum coating thickness is calculated, and the coating conditions are controlled based on this deviation.

According to the eleventh configuration, image information obtained by capturing the roughness of the undried painted surface immediately after coating is subjected to image processing, and the sharpness of the wet painted surface is calculated based on the image processed image information. Then, the sharpness of the dry painted surface is estimated from the sharpness of the wet painted surface and the coating conditions.

[0032] According to the twelfth structure, the paint is sprayed from the coating means which keeps a predetermined distance to the surface to be coated, and the coating is performed on the surface to be coated. Means detects an undried coating surface applied to the surface to be coated while maintaining a predetermined distance from the surface to be coated.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

Referring to FIGS. 1 (a), 2 and 3,
The coating device 51 has a function of performing coating on the surface of the body W of an automobile, which is an object to be coated, and measuring a coating film thickness or sharpness immediately after coating on the coated surface,
The main body frame 52 is movable in the front-rear direction (the left-right direction in FIG. 1, the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 2, and the up-down direction in FIG. 3). The main body frame 52 includes, for example, side frames 52L and 52R. The side frames 52L and 52R can move synchronously on guide rails extending in the front-rear direction.

The vertical direction between the side frames 52L and 52R (the vertical direction in FIGS. 1 and 2;
A support frame 53 is provided which is movable in a right and left direction (a direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. 1) and a left and right direction (a direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. 1). That is, the support frame 53 includes a first support frame 53A extending in the left-right direction and a second support frame 53B movable in the left-right direction with respect to the first support frame 53A. The first support frame 53A is provided with a side frame 52L.
And 52R can be moved up and down with respect to a guide portion (not shown) provided at 52R.

A coating gun mounting bracket 55 is mounted on the second support frame 53B of the support frame 53 via support arms 54L and 54R. A plurality (three in this case) of coating guns 56 as coating means are hung down and attached to the coating gun mounting bracket 55 at appropriate intervals in the left-right direction. These paint guns 56
Is the longitudinal movement of the body frame 52,
The constant distance is always maintained with respect to the coating surface of the vehicle body W by the left and right movement and the up and down movement of the second support frame 53B, and the paint is sprayed in this state. That is, the main body frame 52 and the support frame 53
A moving device for moving the coating gun 56 is configured.

As shown in FIG. 1A, a wet film thickness sensor 57 serving as an undried painted surface detecting means, which will be described in detail later, is provided on the central one of the three painting guns 56. Have been. A sensor support tube 71 rotatable with respect to the coating gun 56 is provided coaxially with the coating gun 56 on the outer periphery of the center coating gun 56. A wet film thickness sensor 57 is attached. Sensor support tube 7
1 cannot move in the vertical direction with respect to the coating gun 56, so that the distance between the wet film thickness sensor 57 attached to the sensor support pipe 71 and the vehicle body surface is
It is kept constant in the same way as.

A driven gear 73 is mounted on the outer periphery of the upper part of the sensor support tube 71, and a driven gear 75 which is driven to rotate by a motor 74 meshes with the driven gear 73. That is, the wet film thickness sensor 57 can rotate around the coating gun 56 together with the sensor support tube 71 by driving the motor 74.

The motor 74 is controlled by a control circuit 76 composed of a microcomputer or the like by the wet film thickness sensor 5.
The drive control is performed such that 7 is located at the rear position in the moving direction of the coating gun 56. That is, the wet film thickness sensor 57 measures the coating film thickness on the wet coating surface immediately after the coating of the vehicle body W by the coating gun 56.

[0039] Control circuit 76, together with the coating operation signals S ₁ showing a state where a coating operation according to the coating apparatus is performed is input, forward and backward movements of the main body frame 52, left and right movement of the support frame 53 with respect to the main body frame 52 And a moving direction signal S ₂ indicating the moving direction of the coating gun 56 due to vertical movement.
Is entered. The control circuit on the basis of the movement direction signal S ₂ 76, the wet film thickness sensor 57 drives and controls the motor 74 so as to be moved rearward position of the spray gun 56.

As shown in detail in FIG. 4, the sensor 57 for wet film thickness is provided with a sensor head 57H at the lower end of a sensor body 57B facing the surface of the vehicle body W.
Further, a cleaning nozzle 58 is attached to the lower end of the sensor body 57B adjacent to the sensor head 57H. Further, a measurement switch 59 for turning on and off the operation of the wet film thickness sensor 57 is provided above the sensor body 57B, and a cleaning switch is provided above the sensor body 57B beside the measurement switch 59. A cleaning switch 62 for operating the nozzle 58 is provided. A supply port 63 for supplying thinner air is provided above the sensor body 57B beside the cleaning switch 62. The supply port 63 and the cleaning nozzle 58 are connected via, for example, a pipe provided in the sensor body 57B.

During the coating operation in which the coating is sprayed from the coating gun 56 to perform coating, the measurement switch 59 is turned on, and the wet coating surface is measured by the wet film thickness sensor 57. When the painting operation is stopped, the measurement switch 59 is turned off.

The control circuit 76 turns on the cleaning switch 62 when receiving the measurement impossible signal due to the contamination of the sensor head 57H from the wet film thickness sensor 57, and is supplied from the supply port 63 and supplied from the cleaning nozzle 58. The sprayed thinner air is blown onto the sensor head 57H to remove the dirt. The switching of the cleaning switch 62 can also be performed manually.

With the above-described structure, a work W such as an automobile body is placed and fixed between the side frames 52L and 52R of the main body frame 52, and the work surface W _S of the work W is coated. When performing the support frame 5
3, the first support frame 53A is connected to the side frame 52L,
The distance H between the lower end of the coating gun 56 and the surface to be coated W _S of the object to be coated W is always kept constant by lowering it with respect to 52R. At the same time, moved the second support frame 53B of the support frame 53 in the lateral direction, by for moving to the left in more body frame 52 in the longitudinal direction for example 1, the spray gun 56 to be coated surface W _S while maintaining a constant distance H Te will move on the surface to be coated W _S. In this moving process, the paint gun 56 sprays paint to paint the vehicle body surface uniformly.

The wet film thickness sensor 57 is controlled by the control circuit 7 so as to follow the coating operation of the coating gun 56.
6 is always located behind the moving direction of the painting gun 56 by the driving of the motor 74 in accordance with the command from the
The wet coating thickness of the coating surface immediately after coating is measured. At the time of this measurement, since the wet film thickness sensor 57 is supported by the coating gun 56 and always keeps a constant distance from the coating surface, the sensor head 57H
Is prevented from contacting the painted surface, problems such as destruction of the paint film on the painted surface and adhesion of dust are prevented, and the dispersion of the measurement data can be reduced, thereby improving the measurement accuracy.

Since the wet film thickness sensor 57 is located in the vicinity of the coating gun 56, the measurement is not affected by the variation of the coating film thickness with the lapse of time after the coating. And the early response to the coating conditions is achieved.

The wet film thickness sensor 57 includes a coating gun 5
6 is connected to the sensor head 57H via the sensor support tube 71 and the mounting arm 72, so that the sensor head 57H can have the same electric potential as the paint at the time of electrostatic coating, whereby the paint mist adheres to the sensor head 57H. Can be prevented.

In the above-described embodiment, an example has been described in which the object W is fixed and the main body frame 52 is moved in the front-rear direction. However, the main body frame 52 is fixed and the object W is moved in the front-rear direction. It does not matter.

Next, a specific example of the wet film thickness sensor 57 and a wet coating film thickness measuring device and a wet sharpness measuring device using the wet film thickness sensor 57 will be described.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the overall structure of a wet coating film thickness measuring apparatus in the first embodiment in which the non-contact light interference type surface roughness meter 4 is used as the wet film thickness sensor 57. is there. This wet coating film thickness measuring apparatus measures the coating film thickness by paying attention to the flattening phenomenon of the coating surface in an undried state, that is, a wet state immediately after the coating of the paint. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6A, the coating surface in a wet state immediately after coating is in an uneven state, and there is an initial vortex flow. The unevenness in such a state is flattened with time by the leveling force as shown in FIG. 3B, and finally becomes a flattened state as shown in FIG. Focusing on such a flattening phenomenon, the film thickness measuring device can accurately calculate the coating film thickness after the wet coating surface is dried by measuring the unevenness of the coating surface in a non-contact manner. , Can be calculated by measurement only after application of the paint.

The configuration of the wet coating film thickness measuring device shown in FIG. 5 will be described. In FIG. 5, an object W to be coated is provided with a non-contact light interference type surface roughness meter 4 which constitutes a roughness measuring means facing the object W to be coated. In this embodiment, the top coat is applied to the work W to be coated.

As shown in FIG. 7, the surface roughness meter 4 allows the light generated from the light source 13 to pass through the pinhole and the opening,
The objective lens 1 is reflected downward by the half mirror and is reflected downward.
5, the reference surface 16, the beam splitter, 1
Hits the surface and is reflected upwards, the beam splitter,
After passing through the reference surface 16 and the objective lens 15, the light passes through the half mirror upward, passes through the filter, and is received by the CCD sensor 12, whereby the surface roughness information of the work 1 is obtained. I have.

The surface roughness information of the object to be coated 1 from the surface roughness meter 4 is supplied to an image processing device 5 constituting a controller 9, where it is converted into a coordinate and converted into a coordinate. It is supplied to the smoothness arithmetic processing unit 6.

The coating roughness smoothness calculating unit 6 calculates surface roughness smoothness information from the surface roughness image information supplied from the image processing unit 5, ie, peak-to-peak (p-p)
p) The value a and the wavelength λ of the unevenness are calculated and supplied to the film thickness calculation processing device 7. In addition, the film thickness calculation processing device 7 receives from the input device 8 component information of the paint including the content of volatile components and the like, whereby the film thickness calculation processing device 7 performs the wet coating film thickness measurement method described later. Based on the calculated coating film thickness, the calculated coating film thickness is output to the display 10 and the plotter 11. The image processing device 5, the coating roughness smoothness calculation processing device 6, and the film thickness calculation processing device 7 constitute a controller 9.

Next, the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

In FIG. 8, first, at time t ₁ immediately after the paint is applied by the surface roughness meter 4,
Is irradiated with light, and the reflected light is received to obtain surface roughness information of the object 1 to be coated.
In step, light is generated from the light source 13 (step 110).
It was dispersed by the spectroscopic unit (step 120), irradiating the coated surface of the object to be coated 1 (step 130), and photometry by the photometric unit reflected light from the painted surface (step 140), thereby the image at time t ₁ Information, that is, information on the surface roughness of the work 1 is obtained (step 150), and this image information is stored in a memory (step 160).

FIG. 9A is a view showing an example of optical interference fringe data indicating the surface roughness of the work 1 measured by the surface roughness meter 4. FIG. 9B shows an example of analysis of three-dimensional surface roughness.

The acquisition of the surface roughness information is performed repeatedly at the time t ₂ (= t ₁ + Δt) after the time Δt, following the time t ₁ , whereby the object to be coated at the times t ₁ and t ₂ is obtained. The surface roughness information of the object 1 is measured and stored in a memory as image information. This image information is stored in the image processing device 5
Is supplied to the image processing device 5, and the image processing device 5 performs coordinate conversion and coordinate conversion (step 170).

Next, the surface roughness information of the object to be coated 1, which is the image information converted and coordinated in the image processing device 5, is supplied to the coating film roughness smoothness arithmetic processing device 6, where it is processed. From the surface roughness information of the coating ₁ , the time t ₁ , t ₂
Is calculated (step 180). The calculated peak-to-peak value a and the wavelength λ of the surface irregularities at the times t ₁ and t ₂ are calculated together with the coating conditions such as the components of the paint input from the input device 8 (step 190), and the film thickness is calculated. The input coating thickness h is calculated by the processing device 7 (step 200), and the calculated coating thickness h is displayed on the display 10 and printed by the plotter 11 (step 210).

Next, the processing for calculating the peak-to-peak value a and the wavelength λ of the unevenness of the surface of the workpiece 1 by the coating film roughness smoothness processing device 6 in step 180 and the film thickness calculation processing device in step 200 7 will be described with reference to the drawings.

As described with reference to FIG. 6, the coating surface in the wet state immediately after the coating is applied to the surface of the workpiece 1 has a large roughness, and the surface state is as shown in FIGS.
As shown in (b), it can be represented by surface irregularities a and wavelength λ.

The surface irregularities in the wet state immediately after the application shown in FIG. 10A are smoothed over time as described above, and the dynamic characteristics of this surface smoothing are as shown in FIG.
The average value of the coating thickness in the wet state h as (a), the viscosity of the paint eta, the surface tension of the coating film gamma, irregularities initial value of the surface When a _o, represented in general by the following formula You.

[0062]

[Number 1] ^{da / dt = (- h 3} γ) / (3η) × (2π / λ) 4 a ... (1) a = a o · exp -t / τ ... (2) τ = 3ηλ 4 / ( 16π ⁴ × γh ³ ) (3) Actually, the viscosity of the paint film after application of the paint is shown as an example as shown in FIG. 11 under the condition that the atomizing air pressure, solvent, viscosity before application, temperature, etc. are constant. Is done. In FIG. 11, the horizontal axis represents the elapsed time after application of the paint, and the vertical axis represents the coating film viscosity η.
η ₀ and η ₁ represent the viscosity value before application and the initial viscosity value immediately after coating, respectively.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, the viscosity immediately after the application of the paint changes with time, so that
For the viscosity η in (3), it is necessary to use a correction value such as the following equation.

Η = η ₁ + Kt (4) Note that η ₁ > η ₀ and K is a coefficient much smaller than 1.0 (K << 1.0).

As shown in the smoothing dynamic characteristic of the wet film thickness in FIG. 12, the peak-to-peak values of the unevenness of the coating surface at times t ₁ and t ₂ immediately after application of the coating are a ₁ and a ₂ , respectively.
, And the case where the wavelength of the unevenness is lambda _12, expressed by the following equation.

[0066]

[Number 2] _{a 1 = a 0 exp (-t} 1 / τ 1) ... (5) τ 1 = {3 × η (t 1) × λ 12 4} / (16π 4 × γ × h 3) ... ( _{6) a 2 = a 0 exp} (-t 2 / τ 2) ... (7) τ 2 = {3 × η (t 2) × λ 12 4} / (16π 4 × γ × h 3) ... (8) When the coating thickness h is obtained from the above equations (5) to (8), (5)
Dividing the equation by equation (7) gives:

[0067]

A ₁ / a ₂ = exp (−t ₁ / τ ₁ + t ₂ / τ ₂ ) (9) ₁ na ₁ / a ₂ = (− t ₁ / τ ₁ + t ₂ / τ ₂ ) (10) Then, the coating film thickness h is obtained from the equations (6), (8) and (10) as follows.

[0068]

Equation 4] _{h = {(1na 1 / a} 2) / (- t 1 / τ 1 '+ t 2 / τ 2')} 1/3 ... (11) τ 1 '= (3η 1 × λ 12 4) ^{/ (16π 4 γ) ... (} 12) τ 2 '= (3η 2 × λ 12 4) / (16π 4 γ) ... (13) from these equations (11) - (13), immediately after the paint application time t by measuring the _1, roughness of the painted surface at t ₂ a _1, a ₂ and the wavelength lambda _0, it is possible to calculate the paint film thickness h.

Similarly, the equation (1) is changed to da / dt = (a ₂ −
a ₁ ) / (t ₂ −t ₁ ), and it is also possible to calculate the coating film thickness h by adding the expression (4).

[0070]

(Equation 5) It is necessary to select either equation (11) or equation (14) depending on the measurement system.

FIG. 13 is a graph comparing measured values of the top coating with theoretical values. The smoothing dynamic characteristics at 60 to 100 seconds after the application are very close to the theoretical values and the measured values, and the film thickness value is also about 38 to 40 according to the equation (11).
μ, which is a value almost close to the actually measured value.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the wet coating film thickness measuring device. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment only in that a surface roughness calculation processor 17 is used in place of the coating roughness smoothness calculator 6 constituting the controller 9 shown in FIG. And the function is the same. Then, the wet coating film thickness measuring apparatus of this embodiment uses the surface roughness arithmetic processing unit 17 to replace the surface roughness peak-to-peak value a and the wavelength λ of the surface roughness in the first embodiment. Calculate the average coating film thickness in a relatively short measurement time by calculating the degree and the surface roughness wavelength, and by using this surface roughness degree and its wavelength, it is not necessary to select specific irregularities. This has the advantage of becoming As the surface roughness degree and wavelength, using an average roughness degree R _a and mean wavelength lambda _a and the root mean square R _q and the root mean square wavelength lambda _q,.

FIG. 15 is a flow chart showing the operation of the embodiment of FIG.
Step 18 in the flowchart of the embodiment shown in FIG.
The only difference is that the surface roughness and the surface roughness wavelength are calculated in step 182 instead of calculating the peak-to-peak value and the wavelength at 0.

In the wet coating film thickness measuring apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIG. 14 and FIG.
Reference numeral 7 denotes a surface roughness and a wavelength at times t ₁ and t ₂ , that is, an average roughness _Ra and an average wavelength λ _a or _a root mean square R from the surface roughness image information supplied from the image processing device 5. _q and the root mean square λ _q are calculated (step 182 in FIG. 15), and the film thickness calculation processing device 7
To supply.

The film thickness arithmetic processing unit 7 calculates the surface roughness and wavelength, that is, the average roughness _Ra and its average wavelength λ.
_a or root mean square R _q and root mean square λ _q
Is supplied, the paint film thickness h is calculated from the information and the paint conditions supplied from the input device 8 according to the following equations (15) to (20) corresponding to the above equation (11) (step). 200).

[0076] That is, the above-described (11) the surface roughness level and the wavelength, i.e. to mean roughness degree R _a and its mean wavelength lambda _a and the root mean square R _q and the root mean square wavelength lambda _q However, the following holds.

[0077]

H = {(1nR _a1 / R _a2 ) / (− t ₁ / τ ₁ '+ t ₂ / τ ₂ ')} ^1/3 (15) τ ₁ '= (3η ₁ × λ _a ) / ^{(16π 4 γ) ... (16} ) τ 2 '= (3η 2 × λ a) / (16π 4 γ) ... (17) h = {(1nR q1 / R q2) / (- t 1 / τ 1' + t ₂ / τ ₂ ′)｝ ^1/3 (18) τ ₁ ′ = (3η ₁ × λ _q ) / (16π ⁴ γ) (19) τ ₂ ′ = (3η ₂ × λ _q ) / (16π ⁴ γ) ... (20) FIG. 16 is a graph showing the smooth Kado characteristics of the surface roughness of a surface roughness of R _a on the vertical axis with respect to the elapsed time after paint application indicated on the horizontal axis, R _q Is shown. From the same figure, after application 6
It can be seen that the smoothed dynamic characteristics at 0 to 100 seconds almost match the theoretical values and the measured values with respect to the roughness (R _a , R _q ) as in the case shown in FIG. Further, the coating thickness value h also h _a = 40 [mu] m, substantially coincides with the h _q = 39 .mu.m.

In the second embodiment, the optical interference fringe data indicating the surface roughness of the object 1 shown in FIG. 9A is measured by the surface roughness meter 4 as shown in FIG. the average roughness of R _a and the root mean square R _q in this case are those indicated by the following equation, the average roughness degree R _a = 0.861Myuemu, root-mean-square R _q = 0.959Myuemu, wavelength lambda = 4.6 μm
It is.

[0079]

(Equation 7) FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment of the wet coating film thickness measuring device. The wet coating film thickness measuring device according to this embodiment is different from the second embodiment shown in FIG. 14 in that a smoothing initial value estimating device 18 is provided between the surface roughness calculating device 17 and the film thickness calculating device 7. Is provided, and only the point that the paint condition information from the input device 8 is input to the smoothing initial value estimating device 18 is different, and the other configurations and operations are the same. The wet coating film thickness measuring apparatus according to the third embodiment estimates and calculates the smoothing initial value by the smoothing initial value estimating device 18 so that only one short time after t seconds after the application of the paint is obtained. It is possible to calculate the coating film thickness h only by measuring the roughness information of
This improves the adaptability of the present wet film thickness measuring apparatus to the line.

FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing the operation of the third embodiment.
In the flowchart of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 7, instead of calculating the surface roughness and the wavelength twice at times t ₁ and t ₂ in step 182, _one surface roughness only in time t ₁ is used in step 184. And the calculation of the wavelength, and the subsequent step 186 is added, and the only difference is that the smoothing initial value is estimated in this step.

In the wet coating film thickness measuring apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIG. 17 and FIG.
7 measures the surface roughness of R _a and wavelength lambda _a at time t ₁ (step 184), and supplies the surface roughness of R _a and wavelength lambda _a smoothing initial value estimation device 18. Smoothing the initial value estimation device 18, in addition to the surface roughness of R _a and wavelength lambda _a, estimates a smoothing initial value a _o from the coating conditions including the coating components and the like input from the input device 8 (step 186).

The estimation of the smoothing initial value a _o will be described.

From the above equation (5), the peak-to-peak peak value a _o immediately after coating is as follows.

A _o = a ₁ exp (t ₁ / τ ₁ ) (21) Note that τ ₁ and η ₁ (t ₁ ) in this equation are those shown in the above equations (4) and (6), respectively. Is the same as

[0085] irregularities peak-to-peak value a _o immediately after coating from the measured data of the coated surface smooth Kado characteristics (t = 0) is determined from the above equation (21) (where, as a cancer properties constant).

Further, for example, when the coating film thickness h = 60 μm and the wavelength λ = 6 mm, the peak-to-concave peak-to-peak value a _o = 8.
5 to 8.7 μm (t = t _{1 to} t ₃ ), and the coating film thickness h
= 40 [mu] m, when the wavelength lambda = 4.3 mm, uneven peak-to-peak value _{a o = 8.4~8.6μm (t = t} 1 ~
It can be seen that the initial value is substantially constant with respect to the coating film thickness h and the wavelength λ, such as t ₃ ). That is,
It can be said that there is a relationship shown in the following equation. This relationship is shown in FIG.
This is also evident from the comparison between the measured values and the theoretical values of the dynamic smoothing characteristics shown in the graph of peak-to-peak (pp) values of the surface roughness of the coating film with respect to the time immediately after coating shown in FIG.

Λ ⁴ / h ³ = K _o (constant) (22) Accordingly, if the paint component is known in advance, the unevenness peak-to-peak value a and the wavelength λ at a certain time t are measured to obtain the unevenness. The initial value a _o of the peak-to-peak value can be obtained in advance by using the above-described equations (21), (6), (4), and (22). In addition, it may have been previously measured the initial value a _o.

When the smoothing initial value a _o is calculated as described above, the smoothing initial value is supplied to the film thickness calculation processing device 7, and the coating film thickness h is calculated (step 200).

The calculation of the coating thickness h will be described.

[0090] coating components in the calculation of the above-described smoothed initial value is known, also if coating conditions (cancer properties) is constant, uneven peak-to-peak value a _o immediately after coating can be estimated as described above Therefore, the coating film thickness h is calculated as t ₁ = 0, t ₂ = t _{1 in the} above-described equations (11) to (13).
Thus, the following equation can be obtained.

[0091]

H = {(1na ₀ / a ₁ ) / (− 0 / τ ₀ + t ₁ / τ ₁ ′) ^1/3 = {(1na _o / a ₁ ) / (t ₁ / τ ₁ ′)} ^1/3 (23) τ ₁ ′ = (3η ₁ × λ ⁴ ) / (16π ⁴ γ) (12) η ₁ = η ₀ + Kt ₁ (4) The above (23), (12), ( 4) coating thickness h from the equation can be calculated by measuring the time t _1, the wavelength lambda, uneven peak at time t ₁ to peak value a _1.

In the third embodiment, the case where the surface peak-to-peak value is used has been described. Instead, the surface roughness and its wavelength, that is, the average roughness _Ra and the average wavelength λ are used. _a , or the root-mean-square _Rq and the root-mean-square wavelength λq are _satisfied as shown in the following equation.

[0093]

H = (1nR _a0 / R _a1 ) / (t ₁ / τ ₁ ′)｝ ^1/3 (24) τ ₁ ′ = (3η ₁ × λ _a ⁴ ) / (16π ⁴ γ) (( _{25) h = (1nR q0 /} R q1) / (t 1 / τ 1 ')} 1/3 ... (26) τ 1' = (3η 1 × λ q 4) / (16π 4 γ) ... (27) FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the wet coating film thickness measuring device. The wet coating film thickness measuring apparatus according to this embodiment is provided to face the object 1 to be coated, and an imaging unit that images the surface of the object 1 to be coated and obtains surface roughness information. 2 In the present embodiment, the work 1 is coated with a top coat.

As shown in detail in FIG. 21, the image pickup section 2 comprises a light source 31, a light / dark pattern plate 32, a reflecting mirror 33, a lens 34, and a CCD camera 35. The surface roughness information of the object 1 is stored in the image processing unit 3
Supplied to

The image processing section 3 comprises various image processing programs, an image analysis sequence program, a waveform analysis program, a film thickness calculation program, etc., and performs image processing on the surface roughness information supplied from the image pickup section 2 to obtain a power spectrum. And the waveform analysis of the long wave is performed, and the surface roughness information is supplied to the power spectrum integral value calculation unit 21 as the power spectrum data P.

The power spectrum integrated value calculating section 21 calculates the power spectrum integrated value P _i corresponding to roughness and the long wavelength λ from the power spectrum data from the image processing section 3 and supplies them to the film thickness calculating section 22. The film thickness calculating unit 22 calculates a coating film using a smoothing theoretical formula using a power spectrum P described later based on the coating conditions input from the input device 8 in addition to the power spectrum integral value i and the long wavelength λ. Calculate the thickness h. Then, the calculated coating film thickness h
Is displayed on the display 10 and printed by the plotter 11.

Next, the derivation of the theoretical equation for smoothing using the power spectrum P will be described. First, explaining the smoothing characteristics of the power spectrum P, a surface roughness R _a and the power spectrum integral value P _i, is in the relationship as shown in FIG. 22, it has the following relationship.

P _i = P _o + k × R _a ^1/2 (28) R _a = {(P _i −P _o ) / k} ² (29) In the derivation of the smoothing theoretical formula based on the power spectrum analysis value, First, as a wet coating smoothing theoretical formula (approximate formula),
The surface roughness _Ra is represented by the following equation.

R _a = R _ao · exp (−t / τ) (30) By substituting equation (29) into equation (30),

１０ (P _i −P _o ) / k｝ ² = ｛(P _io −P _oo ) / k｝ ² exp (−t / τ) (31) where P _io is P _i Is the initial value of _Po and _Po is _Po
Is the initial value of.

[0100] _{Therefore, P = P o · exp (} -t / 2τ) ... (32) However, P = P _i -P _o, is ^{τ = 3ηλ 4 / 16π 4 γh} .

From the above, the coating film thickness h based on the power spectrum analysis value is as follows.

[0102]

[Equation 11] Here, τ ′ _i = 3ηiλ ⁴ / 16π ⁴ γ.

Next, the operation of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 20 will be described.

When the surface of the coating film of the object 1 is imaged by the imaging unit 2 and the surface roughness information at times t ₁ and t ₂ after the application of the paint is measured, this information is input to the image processing unit 3. The image is processed, and is supplied to the power spectrum integral value calculation unit 21 as power spectrum data for each frequency analysis (FFT) process and spatial frequency. The power spectrum integral value calculation unit 21 uses the power spectrum data from the image processing unit 3 to separate the waveform of the power spectrum and calculate the long-wave power spectrum integral value P _i and the long wavelength λ. The information is used as the film thickness calculating unit 22.
Supplied to The coating condition is input to the film thickness calculating unit 22 from the input device 8, and as described above, the coating film thickness h is obtained from the information, the power spectrum integrated value P _i and the long wavelength λ from the power spectrum integrated value calculating unit 21. Is calculated,
It is displayed on the display 10 and printed by the plotter 11.

[0105] Figure 23, the horizontal axis represents time, the vertical axis of the power spectrum integral value P _i, wet smooth Kado characteristics comparing the measured values with smoothed theoretical value using the equation (32) ( 7 is a graph showing a power spectrum value. For the measurement, an image immediately after application was photographed by the imaging unit 2 and power spectrum analysis was performed. From FIG. 23, it can be seen that the measured value has a smoothing characteristic almost coincident with the theoretical value.

Table 1 below shows that the film thickness was 60 μm, 54 μm
The results obtained by measuring the film thickness h for the sample No. using the estimation formula of the above-described formula (33) are shown. Several μm from the table
It can be seen that measurement is possible with an accuracy of.

[0107]

[Table 1] FIG. 24 is a block diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the wet coating film thickness measuring apparatus. The wet coating film thickness measuring apparatus according to this embodiment is provided to face the object 1 to be coated, and an imaging unit that images the surface of the object 1 to be coated and obtains surface roughness information. 2 In the present embodiment, the image pickup unit 2 is of an explosion-proof type as a measure against static electricity, and the work 1 is coated with an overcoat paint.

The information on the roughness of the surface of the workpiece 1 picked up by the image pickup unit 2 is supplied to the image processing unit 3. The image processing unit 3 includes various image processing programs, an image analysis sequence program, a waveform analysis program, and the like. The image processing unit 3 performs image processing on the surface roughness information supplied from the imaging unit 2, and performs frequency analysis (FFT) of power spectrum and long wave. Is performed, and the surface roughness information is supplied to the power spectrum integral value calculation unit 21 as power spectrum data.

The power spectrum integrated value calculating section 21 calculates a power spectrum integrated value P _i corresponding to roughness and a long wavelength λ from the power spectrum data from the image processing section 3 and supplies them to the wet film thickness calculating section 22. The wet film thickness calculator 22 performs wet coating using a smoothing theoretical formula using the power spectrum P based on the coating conditions input from the input device 8 in addition to the power spectrum integrated value P _i and the long wavelength λ. The thickness h is calculated.

The wet film thickness h calculated by the wet film thickness calculator 22 is supplied to a dry film thickness calculator 23. In addition to the wet coating thickness h, the input coating device 8 supplies the coating solid content ratio information of the coating conditions, that is, the coating NV information (non-boller information) to the dry coating thickness calculating unit 23. .

The NV information includes a paint NV and a paint NV.
The paint NV is calculated by placing a fixed amount of paint on an aluminum foil whose weight has been measured in advance, and measuring the weight before and after drying (aluminum weight method). The coating NV is basically measured using the same aluminum gravimetric method as the coating NV.
On coating line flowing a sample carrying the aluminum foil, it is calculated by measuring the weight before and after drying of painted aluminum foil immediately after coating _{t (t = t 1, t} 2, t 3).

When supplied with the wet coating thickness h and the NV information, the dry coating thickness calculating section 23 estimates the dry coating thickness h 'based on these information. The wet coating thickness h and the dry coating thickness h ′ are displayed on the display 10 and printed by the plotter 11.

The calculation of the dry coating thickness h 'based on the NV information and the wet coating thickness h' in the dry coating thickness calculating section 23 is based on the following equation.

H ′ = h × (NV value) The derivation of the theoretical equation for smoothing using the power spectrum P will be described with reference to the equations (28) to (3) in the fourth embodiment.
Use 3).

Next, the operation of the embodiment of FIG. 24 will be described.

When the surface of the coating film of the object 1 is imaged by the imaging unit 2 and the surface roughness information after the application of the coating material is measured, the information is input to the image processing unit 3 where the image processing is performed, and the image processing is performed. The power spectrum data is supplied to the power spectrum integral value calculation unit 21 as FFT) processing and power spectrum data for each spatial frequency. The power spectrum integral value calculation unit 21 uses the power spectrum data from the image processing unit 3 to separate the waveform of the power spectrum and calculate the long-wave power spectrum integral value P _i and the long wavelength λ. The information is supplied to the wet film thickness calculator 22. The coating conditions are input from the input device 8 to the wet film thickness calculating section 22. The wet coating film is calculated from the information, the power spectrum integrated value P _i and the long wavelength λ from the power spectrum integrated value calculating section 21 as described above. The thickness h is calculated.

The wet coating thickness h is supplied to the dry coating thickness calculating section 23, and based on the NV information from the input device 8 and the wet coating thickness h, as described above. Estimate the dry coating thickness h '. The estimated dry film thickness h ′ and the wet film thickness h are displayed on the display 10 and printed by the plotter 11.

FIG. 25 is a block diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the wet coating film thickness measuring device. The wet film thickness measuring device according to this embodiment is different from the wet film thickness measuring device for estimating the dry film thickness from the wet film thickness in the embodiment shown in FIG.
1. A dry sharpness computing unit 61, a paintability determining unit 63, and a painting condition control system 65 are added, whereby the sharpness of the dry painted surface is estimated from the sharpness of the wet painted surface,
Judging paintability from these sharpness and the dry coating film thickness, calculating the optimum coating film thickness, calculating the deviation of the dry coating film thickness with respect to this optimum coating film thickness, this deviation as a coating condition The difference is that the configuration is such that feedback is provided, and the same components as those shown in FIG. 24 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 25, the image-processed surface roughness information from the image pickup unit 2 is stored in the wet sharpness calculation unit 4.
1 and the power spectrum integral value calculation unit 21.

The wet sharpness computing section 41 determines the sharpness, ie, smoothness, of the wet painted surface based on the image processing data from the image processing section 3 and the painting conditions including the paint color supplied from the input device 8. , And the sharpness including the glossiness and glossiness are calculated, and the sharpness is supplied to the dry sharpness calculating unit 61. The dry clarity computing unit 61 estimates the clarity of the dry painted surface, which is the final coating quality, based on the clarity of the wet painted surface supplied from the wet clarity computing unit 41, and The sharpness of the surface and the sharpness of the wet painted surface are supplied to the paintability determining unit 63.

Here, a comparison of the sharpness of the wet painted surface and the sharpness of the dry painted surface will be described.

The smoothness of the sharpness will be described.
Although the numerical value of the smoothness of the wet painted surface is low immediately after the application as shown in FIG. 26, the numerical value gradually increases with time according to the smoothing theory. This tendency basically continues even after drying. Therefore, the smoothness of the target value of the wet coated surface is reduced to the value of the dry coating surface, the smoothness of the wet coated surface and H _w, when the smoothness of the dry coating surface and H _d, shown in the following equation Become like

H _d = K ₁ · H _w (34) Here, K ₁ is a wet smoothing coefficient and is a value larger than ₁ (K ₁ > 1). The target value of the smoothness of the wet painted surface is as follows.

H _w ≧ 0.5 (35) Next, the durability will be described. As shown in FIG. 27, the wet durability of the wet-painted surface is large immediately after the application, but after drying, the wet durability is reduced due to the roughened surface during baking. Therefore, the target value of the meat has properties of wet coated surface is higher than the value of the dry coating surface, the meat has properties of wet coated surface and N _w, when the meat has properties of dry paint surface and N _d, the following equation It becomes as shown in.

N _d = K ₂ · N _w (36) Here, K ₂ is a coefficient of wet meat durability, and is a value smaller than 1 (K ₂ <1). The target value of the durability of the wet painted surface is as follows.

N _w ≧ 1.0 (37) The gloss, that is, the gloss is described. As shown in FIG. 28, the glossiness of the wet painted surface is numerically greater immediately after the application as in the case of the meat holding property, but after drying, the glossiness is reduced due to the roughened surface due to baking. T for glossiness of wet painted surface
_Assuming that _w is the glossiness of the dry painted surface is _Td , the following expression is obtained.

T _d = K ₃ · T _w (38) Here, K ₃ is a wet glossiness coefficient and is a value smaller than 1 (K ₃ > 1). The target value of the glossiness of the wet painted surface is as follows.

T _w ≧ 0.6 (39) On the other hand, the power spectrum integral value calculation unit 21 calculates a power spectrum integral value P _i corresponding to roughness and a long wavelength λ from the power spectrum data from the image processing unit 3. Then, it is supplied to the wet film thickness calculator 22. Wet film thickness calculator 2
2 is based on the coating conditions input from the input device 8 in addition to the power spectrum integral value P _i and the long wavelength λ,
The wet coating thickness h is calculated by using a smoothing theoretical formula using the power spectrum P. This wet coating thickness h
Is supplied to the dry film thickness calculating section 23, and the input device 8 provides information on the coating composition solid content ratio of the coating conditions, that is, the coating N
The dry film thickness h ′ is estimated based on the V information (non-bora information), and the dry film thickness h ′ and the wet film thickness h are supplied to the paintability determining unit 63.

The paintability judging section 63 is provided with the clarity of the dry painted surface supplied from the dry clarity computing section 61 and the clarity of the wet painted surface and the dry paint supplied from the dry film thickness computing section 23. Based on the film thickness h 'and the wet film thickness h, the paintability (quality) of the painted surface is determined, the optimum film thickness is calculated, and the deviation of the dry film thickness h' from the optimum film thickness is calculated. calculate. The coating thickness deviation information is supplied to the coating condition control system 65, and the coating thickness deviation, the dry coating thickness, the wet coating thickness, the clarity of the dry coating surface, and the clarity of the wet coating surface are provided. Is output to the display 10 and the plotter 11 to be displayed and printed, respectively.

[0130] The coating condition control system 65 controls, for example, coating conditions based on the coating thickness deviation information supplied from the coating quality judging section 63, and thereby performs feedback control so as to obtain the optimum coating thickness and coating properties. I do.

The wet coating quality is determined with respect to the target values of the above-described equations (35), (36) and (37) for smoothness, fleshyness and glossiness of sharpness. The coating quality is determined based on a clear image value or quality. Also,
The calculation of the optimum coating film thickness is performed in an actual production line as shown in FIG.
Correlation between wetness and dryness of each sharpness as shown in FIG. 6 to FIG. 28 and measurement of the thickness of the coating at that time ensure the target value of the sharpness of the coating, and the thinnest coating film that can be realized Let the thickness be the optimum coating thickness h _o . In the example of FIGS. 26 28, the optimum film thickness h _o = 40~45μm about a target.
Therefore, when the coating thickness of the painted surface that has cleared the target sharpness is h, the coating thickness deviation is as follows.

[0132] _{Δh = h-h o ... (} 40) and, the film thickness deviation h _o painting condition control system 6
5 will be fed back.

FIG. 29 is a block diagram showing a seventh embodiment in which a wet sharpness measuring device is constituted by using the wet film thickness sensor 57 as the image pickup section 2. The wet sharpness measuring device shown in FIG. 1 is provided to face an object 1 to be coated, and an imaging unit 2 which images the surface of the object 1 to be coated and obtains surface roughness information. Having. In this embodiment,
The image pickup unit 2 is of an explosion-proof type as a measure against static electricity,
The work 1 is coated with a top coat.

As shown in detail in FIG. 30, the image pickup section 2 comprises a light source 31, a light / dark pattern plate 32, a reflecting mirror 33, a lens 34, and a CCD camera 35. The surface roughness information of the object 1 is stored in the image processing unit 3
Supplied to

The information on the roughness of the surface of the workpiece 1 picked up by the image pick-up unit 2 is supplied to the image processing unit 3. The image processing unit 3 includes various image processing programs, an image analysis sequence program, a waveform analysis program, and the like. The image processing unit 3 performs image processing on the surface roughness information supplied from the imaging unit 2, and is supplied to the wet sharpness calculation unit 4. You.

The wet sharpness computing section 41 calculates the sharpness of the wet painted surface, that is, the sharpness including the smoothness, the stickiness, and the glossiness, based on the image processing data from the image processing section 3. The sharpness is supplied to the dry sharpness calculating unit 61. The dry clarity computing unit 61 performs the following based on the coating conditions including the clarity of the wet painted surface supplied from the wet clarity computing unit 41, the coating color supplied from the input device 8, and the like. Estimate the sharpness of the dry painted surface, which is the final coating quality. The calculated information on the sharpness of the wet painted surface and the sharpness of the dry painted surface is output to the display 10 and the plotter 11 and is also supplied to the optimal painting system, so that quick feedback control is performed in the painting process. It is done for.

The comparison between the sharpness of the wet-painted surface and the sharpness of the dry-coated surface has already been described, and a description thereof will be omitted.

Next, the operation of the wet sharpness measuring apparatus shown in FIG. 29 will be described.

When the surface of the coating film of the work 1 is imaged by the imaging unit 2 and the coating surface information at the time t after the coating of the coating material is measured, this information is input to the image processing unit 3 and
The image processing such as the value conversion processing and the FFT analysis is performed, and is supplied to the wet sharpness calculation unit 41.

The wet sharpness calculating section 41 calculates the sharpness of the wet painted surface based on the image processing information from the image processing section 3. This calculation method includes a run length method (a method based on a standard deviation of slit widths and an average), a density gradient method (a method based on a density vector of vertical slit stripes), a method using an optical power spectrum integrated value _{Pi, and the} like. .

The clarity information of the wet painted surface calculated by the wet clarity computing section 41 and the coating conditions including the designation of the color from the input device 8 are supplied to the dry clarity computing section 61. From the sharpness of the wet painted surface, the dry sharpness computing unit 61 uses the correlation between the sharpness of the wet painted surface and the sharpness of the dry painted surface as described above, That is, the sharpness of the wet painted surface and the sharpness of the dry painted surface described above were described (34), (36),
Using the equation (38), the sharpness of the dry painted surface, which is the final painting quality, is estimated. The estimated sharpness of the dry painted surface is output to the display 10 and the plotter 11 and supplied to the optimal painting system.

FIG. 31 shows an eighth embodiment in which a paint surface property inspection apparatus for quickly performing image processing and sharpness detection with high reliability in the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 29 is shown. (See Japanese Patent Application No. 4-52917).

As described above, the properties of the painted surface in this embodiment indicate the smoothness, the slickness and the glossiness of the painted surface, as described above. These three types of elements will be described in more detail. Then, the smoothness indicates the degree of relatively large undulating distortion on the painted surface, and the fleshy feeling indicates the amount of very fine unevenness on the painted surface. The glossiness indicates how large the difference in brightness on the painted surface is reproduced.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 31, as will be described in detail below, the smoothness and the solid feeling of the painted surface are calculated by performing one-dimensional image processing on the extracted contour lines.
The glossiness is calculated by detecting the difference in brightness between the input images. Since the quantitative measurement can be easily performed as described above, the reliability of the measurement is improved. In other words, even if a layman makes measurements with this device, very reliable evaluations can be made. Further, since the image processing for obtaining this evaluation is performed based on the outline, only one-dimensional processing need be performed, and the processing can be speeded up. Further, since the memory capacity can be significantly reduced, the size and cost of the device can be reduced.

Hereinafter, an eighth embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 31 is a structural view of a measuring head constituting the painted surface property inspecting apparatus according to the eighth embodiment. FIG. 31A is a front view mainly showing an internal structure thereof, and FIG. 31B is a bottom view thereof. It is.

The measuring head 125 constituting the coating surface property measuring apparatus is a small and light handy type measuring head, and has a casing 1 having an opening 112 serving as a light entrance and exit.
11 is provided. Inside the casing 111, a light source 102, a semi-diffusion plate 103, a stripe grating 10
4, a mirror 110 and a convex lens 105, and a light receiving lens 107, a diaphragm 108 and a CCD element 109 constituting a CCD camera 106 are arranged and stored in order on the light receiving side with reference to the optical axis. The light source 102 includes a halogen bulb 102a and a reflecting mirror 102b, and the stripe grating 104 is formed of, for example, a glass plate on which a stripe pattern is printed. In this way, the painted pattern 101 is irradiated with the stripe pattern from the light projecting side, and the reflected light is imaged by the CCD camera 106 on the light receiving side. The reflection stripe pattern imaged by the CCD camera 106 is displayed on the screen of the built-in monitor 113 and output to the image processing device 130 for digitizing and recording the sharpness via the external connector 114. . On the other hand, the opening 112 of the casing 111
Is sealed by a transparent glass 115 serving as a transparent plate, and four free legs 116, each of which is extendable and retractable and whose tip is freely rotatable, are attached to the bottom surface of the casing 111.

Measuring head 1 having the above structure
The details of each of the 25 components will be described below in order.

First, the optical system of the measuring head 112 will be described. The stop 108 has a diameter of 0.2 to
It is a pinhole stop of about 0.3 mm, and is arranged between the light receiving lens 107 and the CCD element 109 in the same CCD camera 106. The very small stop 108 blocks all undesired light beams that cause the image to be blurred, so that the image can be clearly captured anywhere before and after the focused object plane, and The depth increases dramatically. Then, the dramatic increase in the depth of field due to the aperture 108 allows the subject to be focused regardless of the position of the object, and the stripe grating 104 can be moved without moving the light receiving lens 107 or changing its focal length. It becomes possible to focus on both the painted surfaces 101. As a result, three textures (smoothness, solid feeling, gloss) of sharpness corresponding to the magnitude of the undulation of the painted surface 101 as described later can be simultaneously and accurately measured. In addition, since the depth of field is significantly increased by the stop 108, the sensitivity can be further improved and the sensitivity can be adjusted, and non-contact measurement can be performed by separating the measuring head 125 from the painted surface 101. . If the diameter of the pinhole 108 is reduced below the diffraction limit, the resolution is lowered due to the diffraction phenomenon, which is not preferable.

Next, the light emitting side optical system will be described. The convex lens 105 included in this optical system is for arranging the stripe grating 104 as far as possible in a pseudo manner in order to increase the sensitivity. By inserting the convex lens 105, the stripe grating 104 can be located at infinity. This makes it possible to reduce the size of the device 125 while increasing the sensitivity. further,
As described above, since the depth of field is extremely large due to the aperture 108 and the focus can be adjusted anywhere, the stripe grating 104 can be placed at any appropriate position in relation to the convex lens 105, and the position of the stripe grating 104 can be appropriately adjusted. When adjusted, the striped grid 104 can be quasi-separated from the painted surface 101 beyond infinity, though it is invisible to humans. This further improves the sensitivity. In this embodiment, the mirror 110 is provided to increase the optical path, thereby further reducing the size of the apparatus.

The light source 102 is a light source of a condensing type in which the halogen bulb 102a is disposed slightly farther than the focal point of the reflecting mirror 102b, and the light is once condensed and then spreads.
This is because, since the painted surface 101 is usually a curved surface, the edge of the illuminated surface tends to be darker than the center in a conventional spot-type light source that emits parallel rays, so that the amount of light at the edge of the illuminated surface is increased. This is to secure more stable brightness on the curved surface. The light distribution angle of the condensing light source 102 is, for example, 40 ° or more, and is of a spot type (light distribution angle 0 to 1).
0 °).

A half-diffusion plate 103 for eliminating light unevenness
Diffuses the incident light within a range of a small scattering angle unlike a diffusion plate used conventionally, and uses, for example, ground glass or focus glass. This semi-diffusion plate 103
Are arranged before the light condensing point C of the light from the light source 102.
Comparing the light transmittance on the optical axis between the diffusion plate and the semi-diffusion plate, it is about 45% for the diffusion plate and about 85% for the semi-diffusion plate (both are actually measured values). Thus, unlike the diffusion plate, the semi-diffusion plate has a certain effect of causing the light to travel straight, so that the decrease in the amount of light applied to the stripe grating 104 in the optical axis direction can be relatively small. Therefore, by using the semi-diffusion plate 103, it is possible to secure the brightness required for measurement with the light source 102 having a smaller capacity than the conventional one. Further, as shown in the figure, three semi-diffusion plates 103 are used so as to sufficiently eliminate unevenness. Thus, an appropriate number of semi-diffusion plates 10
By using No. 3, it is possible to irradiate the stripe grating 104 with uniform light while ensuring the light amount.

Next, the structure of the measuring head 125 will be described.
A transparent glass 115 is attached to one opening 112, and the measuring head 125 itself has a closed structure. This prevents dust or the like from entering the inside of the measuring head 125, contaminating the optical system, and deteriorating the performance of the apparatus. In addition,
At this time, since the measuring head 125 is supported at a position away from the painted surface 101 by the free foot 116, the reflected light from the glass surface does not enter the CCD camera 106 as shown in FIG. Therefore, the opening 112 is formed in the transparent glass 115.
Measurement is possible even if it is closed with. In addition, directly painted surface 10
Although not shown in the case of a device of the type of measuring by contacting with 1, the glass is arranged in an inverted V-shape so that the glass surface is at right angles to the optical axis, and the glass is not desirable for imaging. Since there is no reflection on the surface, the measurement can be performed even with a glass seal.

Further, four free feet 116 are attached to the bottom surface of the measuring head 125. This free foot 116
The tip has a swivel-type toe with a ball joint that can be swiveled, and the leg has a retractable structure with a built-in spring. A felt is attached to the tip to prevent the painted surface 101 from being damaged during measurement.
The spring has a spring constant such that it does not shrink when the measuring head 125 is merely placed on the painted surface 101, but shrinks when a force larger than its own weight is applied, that is, when the head 125 is pressed. As described above, since the free leg 116 is a swivel type in which the toe can freely rotate and contracts when the leg is pressed, the direction of the toe and the length of the leg can be maintained even if the painted surface 101 is any curved surface. The reflected light from the painted surface 101 can always be captured by the CCD camera 106 by appropriately adjusting the height. By providing the feet 116 in this manner, the head 125 can be separated from the painted surface 101 during measurement.
Since the stop 108 in the inside is very small, about the diffraction limit, disturbance light from the opening 112 is almost blocked by the stop 108, and the influence of the disturbance light is eliminated. Therefore, it is possible to perform measurement by moving the measuring head 125 away from the painted surface 101. Will be possible.

Further, in this embodiment, a timer circuit is incorporated in the operation switch mounting board 120, and if the operation switch is not operated for a certain period of time, the light source 102, the CCD camera 106 and the monitor 113 are automatically connected to internal devices. When the power supply is cut off and the operation switch is operated, the power is turned on immediately.

The measuring head 1 configured as described above
The images input by the 25 CCD cameras 106 are
The image is processed by the image processing apparatus 130 as described below. Hereinafter, this processing will be described based on the flowchart shown in FIG. 32 and with reference to the drawings after FIG.

In the paint surface property inspection apparatus of this embodiment, the size and position of the image to be input are set as preprocessing for inputting the measurement image so that an optimum image can be obtained when measuring the paint surface property. Processing is performed. The reason why such processing is performed is to input an image that is not affected by the curvature in view of the fact that the obtained input image differs depending on the curvature of the painted surface. This process is performed in the following steps S1 to S5.

First, the multi-valued image input from the CCD camera 106 is input to the image processing device 130 and stored in a memory provided in the device 130. An example of the stored image is as shown in FIG. That is, an image corresponding to the reflected light of the stripe reflected on the painted surface is input. When the painted surface is flat, a similar image of the output stripe image is input to the CCD camera 106. However, when the painted surface is a curved surface, the image is input. The image is enlarged, reduced, or further transformed according to the curvature. If the curvature of the painted surface is large, the position of the image may move in the field of view of the CCD camera 106. If the position of the image moves out of the field of view due to this movement, the data required for the measurement is insufficiently collected, which adversely affects the reliability of the measurement result. For this reason, a process of tracking the position of the stripe image and changing the size of the measurement window as described below is performed.

First, the image stored in the memory is called, and the ellipticity of the camera view A as shown in FIG. 33 is calculated. At the same time, the optical barycenter of the stripe image existing in the camera view A is calculated. The calculation of the ellipticity is performed on the basis of the maximum value and the minimum value of the diameter by extracting the contour of the measurement window. Further, since the optical centroid calculation is a general method that has been conventionally performed, the description of the processing is omitted here (S1, S2). Next, the center position of the stripe image is obtained based on the result of the optical centroid calculation. This calculation is performed to determine the center position of the measurement window in the next process of determining the size of the measurement window (S3). Then, based on the ellipticity obtained in the above processing and the center position of the stripe image,
Determine the size and position of the measurement window. For example, as a result of the above measurement, if the camera field of view A is substantially circular as shown in FIG. 33A, the measurement window B is set as shown in FIG. In the case of an ellipse, the measurement window B is set as shown in the figure (S4).

When the above process is completed, a paint surface property inspection process is performed.

First, a stripe image stored in the memory is called and binarized by a predetermined threshold value. For example, an example of a stripe image is an image as shown in FIG. 35A (S5). To obtain smoothness,
A process of extracting a contour line from the binarized image is performed to obtain an image as shown in FIG. 35B (S6). Since the line is very jagged as it is, a process for smoothing the line is performed to obtain an image as shown in FIG. 35C (S7). Next, the direction of the normal line is determined for each of the constituent pixels of the smoothed outline. That is, a direction calculation process as shown in FIG. More specifically,
The direction of the normal is determined for each pixel constituting the contour. This direction is very many (S8). And statistical processing of many directions obtained in this way,
It is determined that the one with little variation in the direction, that is, the one with convergence has good smoothness, while the one with large variation, that is, the one with divergence is judged to have poor smoothness (S9, S10). .

On the other hand, in order to calculate the feeling of solidity, a process of extracting the width of the outline from the binarized image is performed. If it is normal, only stripes of the same width as the stripe reflecting the painted surface should be detected, but if the feeling of holding is poor, fine islets will be mixed in the stripe, so Those with a width corresponding to the islets are detected. Therefore, it can be said that the extraction of the width is a preceding process for recognizing how many small islands are present (S11). Next, data having a predetermined value or less, for example, 0.5 mm or less is extracted from the data of the stripe width extracted in the above processing, and the existence ratio of the number is obtained. Based on this ratio, the feeling of holding the body is calculated (S12 to S14).

To measure the glossiness, first, the luminance difference between the brightest part and the darkest part is obtained for each horizontal line of the image input through the measurement window. That is, a graph of the relationship between the position and the luminance is created for the image, and the difference between the maximum luminance and the minimum luminance in the graph is obtained (S15). This processing is performed for all the horizontal lines, and the average of the data in the area of the measurement window is obtained (S16). The glossiness is determined according to the luminance difference obtained by the above processing. Since the correlation between the luminance difference and the glossiness is clear, the calculation for the calculation is very simple (S17).

In FIG. 31 showing the above-described embodiment, the measuring head 125 corresponds to the image pickup section 2 in FIG. The image processing device 130 in FIG. 31 corresponds to the image processing unit 3 and the display 10 in FIG. FIG.
In the processing flow of FIG. 32 showing the processing of the first image processing apparatus 130, S1 to S5 correspond to the processing of the image processing unit 3 of FIG. Further, S6 to S17 correspond to the processing of the arithmetic unit 41 in FIG.

The image processing apparatus 130 is configured to calculate the wet sharpness. However, by adding the processing function of the arithmetic unit 61 shown in FIG. 29 described above, the dry sharpness is estimated. can do. From this, the present embodiment can be applied to the seventh embodiment shown in FIG.

[0165]

As described above, according to the first to third aspects of the present invention, the wet coating surface detecting means moves with respect to the coating means while maintaining a constant distance to the surface to be coated. As possible, the surface to be painted immediately after being painted by the painting means is detected, so even if the painting means moves back, forth, left and right relative to the surface to be painted, the coating film is destroyed on the surface to be painted, and dust adheres. In addition, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of inconveniences such as the above, and it is possible to improve the detection accuracy without being affected by the fluctuation of the coating film thickness due to the lapse of time after the coating. Further, since the wet coating surface detecting means is supported on the outer periphery of the coating means via a support pipe and an arm connected to the support pipe, it has the same potential as the paint at the time of electrostatic coating. It is possible to prevent paint mist from adhering to the surface detecting means.

[0166]

According to the fourth to seventh aspects of the present invention, the peak-to-peak value and wavelength of surface irregularities or the surface roughness and wavelength are calculated from the roughness information of the undried coated surface immediately after coating, and the components of the paint are calculated. Information, the peak-to-peak value of the surface unevenness, the time change of the peak value or roughness, and the coating thickness based on the wavelength of the surface unevenness or surface roughness, or the surface roughness and wavelength from the surface roughness information Alternatively, calculate the peak-to-peak value and wavelength of the surface irregularities, and estimate the smoothing initial value based on the paint composition information and the coating conditions, the surface roughness and the wavelength, or the peak-to-peak value and the wavelength of the surface irregularities. Since the coating thickness is calculated based on the surface roughness and wavelength or the peak-to-peak value and wavelength of the surface irregularities and the smoothing initial value, the wet coating thickness immediately after coating can be accurately measured without contact. Can be measured Kill.

According to the eighth aspect, the surface roughness information is subjected to power spectrum analysis, a power spectrum integral value and a wavelength corresponding to the surface roughness are calculated from the power spectrum data, and smoothing is performed using the power spectrum analysis value. Using the theoretical formula, the coating thickness is calculated from the integrated value of the power spectrum, the wavelength, the coating composition information and the coating conditions, so that the wet coating thickness immediately after coating can be accurately measured without contact. At the same time, reduction of the price of the device including the imaging means, increase of the separation distance from the painting surface and reduction of the contact danger,
This makes it possible to simplify and reduce the weight of the imaging means, improve vibration resistance, and the like, and is most suitable for application to, for example, a coating line of an automobile.

According to the ninth aspect, the wet coating film thickness is calculated from the surface roughness information obtained by imaging the roughness of the undried coating surface immediately after coating and the coating conditions using the smoothing theory of surface roughness. The dry coating thickness is calculated based on the wet coating thickness and the coating composition solid content ratio information of the coating conditions, so the dry coating thickness can be quickly estimated from the wet coating surface immediately after coating. Can provide quick feedback to the coating conditions of the dry film thickness,
Stability of coating quality can be improved.

According to the tenth aspect, the sharpness of the wet painted surface is calculated based on image information obtained by imaging the roughness of the surface of the wet painted surface immediately after the painting and the coating conditions, and the sharpness of the wet painted surface is calculated. Estimate the sharpness of the dry coated surface from the properties, calculate the wet coating film thickness using the smoothing theory of the surface roughness from the coating conditions and the imaged surface roughness information, this wet coating film thickness and coating conditions The dry paint film thickness is calculated based on the paint solid content ratio information, and the paintability is determined based on the sharpness of the wet paint surface and the dry paint surface and the wet paint film thickness and the dry paint film thickness. Since the optimum film thickness is calculated and the deviation of the dry coating film thickness from the optimum coating film thickness is calculated and the coating conditions are controlled based on this deviation,
Immediately estimate the coating thickness of the dry coating surface from the wet coating surface immediately after coating, provide quick feedback of the dry coating thickness to the coating conditions, and improve the stability of coating quality In addition to this, it is possible to prevent excessive quality, that is, waste of paint, and to achieve economical efficiency.

According to the eleventh aspect, image information obtained by capturing the roughness of the undried coating surface immediately after coating is subjected to image processing, and a clear image of the wet coated surface is formed based on the image processed image information and coating conditions. The wetness is calculated and the sharpness of the dry painted surface is estimated from the sharpness of the wet painted surface, so the sharpness of the dry painted surface is quickly estimated from the sharpness of the wet painted surface immediately after painting. Thus, feedback to the coating conditions can be quickly performed, and the stability of coating quality can be improved. According to the twelfth aspect, the wet coating surface detecting means is movable relative to the coating means and is always at a position opposite to the coating surface immediately after coating, so that the coating means can be moved forward, backward, left and right with respect to the surface to be coated. Even in the case of relative movement, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of problems such as destruction of the coating film and adhesion of dust, and to enable high-precision detection.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 (a) is an explanatory view showing an attached state of a wet film thickness sensor to a coating gun according to an embodiment of the present invention,
(B) is an enlarged AA cross-sectional view of (a).

FIG. 2 is a front view showing an entire configuration of a coating apparatus using the coating gun and the sensor for wet film thickness shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a detailed view of a sensor for a wet film thickness in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a first embodiment of a wet coating film thickness measuring device using the wet film thickness sensor of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a flattening phenomenon of an uneven state of a coating surface in a wet state immediately after coating.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of a surface roughness meter used in the wet coating film thickness measuring device of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the operation of the wet coating film thickness measuring device of FIG.

9 is a diagram showing an example of optical interference fringe data indicating the surface roughness of an object to be coated measured by a surface roughness meter in the wet coating film thickness measuring device of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an uneven state of a coating surface in a wet state immediately after coating.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between coating film viscosity and set time.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing a dynamic characteristic of smoothing a wet film thickness.

FIG. 13 is a graph comparing measured values of a top coating with theoretical values.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a wet coating film thickness measuring apparatus according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing the operation of the wet coating film thickness measuring device of FIG.

FIG. 16 is a graph showing a smoothing dynamic characteristic of the surface roughness.

FIG. 17 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a wet coating film thickness measuring apparatus according to a third embodiment.

18 is a flowchart showing the operation of the wet coating film thickness measuring device of FIG.

FIG. 19 shows a comparison between a theoretical value of a smoothing dynamic characteristic and a measured value.
It is a graph shown by -p) value.

FIG. 20 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a wet coating film thickness measuring apparatus according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a configuration of an imaging unit used in the wet coating film thickness measuring device of FIG.

FIG. 22 shows the surface roughness _Ra and the integrated value of the power spectrum P _i.
6 is a graph showing the relationship of.

[Figure 23] takes a time on the horizontal axis, the vertical axis of the power spectrum integral value P _i, is a graph showing the wet smoothing Kado characteristics comparing the measured values with smoothed theory (power spectrum values).

FIG. 24 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a wet coating film thickness measuring apparatus according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 25 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a wet coating film thickness measuring apparatus according to a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 26 is a graph showing a comparison between wet smoothness and dry smoothness.

FIG. 27 is a graph showing a comparison between wet meat holding properties and dry meat holding properties.

FIG. 28 is a graph showing a comparison between wet gloss and dry gloss.

FIG. 29 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a wet coating film thickness measuring apparatus according to a seventh embodiment.

30 is a diagram showing a configuration of a surface roughness meter used in the wet coating film thickness measuring device of FIG. 29.

FIG. 31 is a view showing a configuration of a measuring head section of a painted surface property inspection apparatus according to an eighth embodiment.

FIG. 32 is a processing flowchart of the apparatus shown in FIG. 31.

FIG. 33 is a diagram provided for explanation of the operation of determining the size and position of the measurement window in the flowchart shown in FIG. 32.

FIG. 34 is a diagram provided for explanation of the operation of determining the size and position of the measurement window in the flowchart shown in FIG. 32.

FIG. 35 is a diagram provided for explanation of the operation of a process for calculating the evaluation of smoothness in the flowchart shown in FIG. 32;

FIG. 36 is an explanatory view showing a conventional coating film thickness measuring device.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 51 coating treatment device 52 main body frame (moving device) 53 support frame (moving device) 56 coating gun (painting means) 57 sensor for wet film thickness (undried coating surface detecting means) 71 sensor support tube (support tube) 72 mounting arm (Arm) W Object to be painted WS Surface to be painted

Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-64-63806 (JP, A) JP-A-5-141194 (JP, A) JP-A-62-233710 (JP, A) JP-A-62-294946 (JP) JP-A-6-160029 (JP, A) JP-A-5-146981 (JP, A) JP-A-5-33053 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB Name) B05B 12/00 B05D 3/00 G01B 11/30 102 G01N 21/88

Claims (12)

(57) [Claims] 1. A coating means for electrostatic coating which sprays a paint while relatively moving on a coated face while maintaining a fixed distance to the coated face, and an outer periphery of the coating means , Coaxial with coating means
Rotatable support tube and an arm connected to the support tube
Supported by a fixed distance from the surface to be painted.
A coating processing apparatus comprising: a non-dried coating surface detecting unit mounted in a held state and configured to detect a non-dried coating surface of a coated surface immediately after being coated by the coating unit. The coating means is supported by a moving device so as to be movable in a front-rear direction and a vertical direction on a surface to be coated.
Cage, undried coating surface detecting means, the rotation of the support tube
Drive control is performed so as to be at the rear position in the moving direction of the coating means.
Painting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that it is. 3. A coating means for electrostatic coating which relatively moves on a surface to be coated while maintaining a certain distance from the surface to be coated ,
Immediately after spraying the paint to paint the surface to be coated, a support rotatable coaxially with the coating means is provided around the coating means.
Support via holding tube and arm connected to this support tube
Being maintained a certain distance from the surface to be coated
So that it is mounted at the rear position in the moving direction of the coating means.
A coating processing method , comprising detecting an undried coating surface of the surface to be coated by means of an undried coating surface detecting means whose drive is controlled . 4. The wet-painted surface detecting means comprises a roughness measuring means for measuring the roughness of the wet-painted surface immediately after the coating of the paint, and said surface roughness information measured by said roughness-measuring means. A time change amount calculating means for calculating a time change amount, an input means for inputting the paint component information, and a paint film thickness is calculated based on the time change amounts of the paint component information and the surface roughness information. 3. The coating processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a coating film thickness calculating means. 5. The wet-painted surface detecting means comprises a roughness measuring means for measuring the roughness of the wet-painted surface immediately after the coating of the paint, and said surface roughness information measured by said roughness-measuring means. Calculating means for calculating the peak-to-peak value and wavelength of the surface unevenness from time, time change amount calculating means for calculating the time-change amount of the peak-to-peak value of the surface unevenness, and inputting input of the component information of the paint Means, and a paint film thickness calculating means for calculating a paint film thickness based on the component information of the paint, the time variation of the peak-to-peak value of the surface roughness and the wavelength of the surface roughness. Claim 1
Or the coating treatment apparatus according to 2. 6. The wet-painted surface detecting means comprises a roughness measuring means for measuring the roughness of the wet-painted surface immediately after the coating of the paint, and said surface roughness information measured by said roughness measuring means. Calculating means for calculating the surface roughness and the wavelength from; time change calculating means for calculating the time change of the surface roughness; input means for inputting the component information of the paint; 3. The coating according to claim 1, further comprising a coating film thickness calculating means for calculating a coating film thickness based on the component information, the time variation of the surface roughness, and the wavelength of the surface roughness. Processing equipment. 7. The wet-coated surface detecting means comprises a roughness measuring means for measuring the roughness of the wet-coated surface immediately after the coating of the paint, and said surface roughness information measured by said roughness measuring means. A calculating means for calculating the peak-to-peak value and the wavelength of the surface roughness and the wavelength or the surface irregularities, an input means for inputting the component information and the coating condition of the paint, and the component information and the coating condition of the paint, Estimating means for estimating a smoothing initial value based on the peak-to-peak value and wavelength of the surface roughness and the wavelength or the surface irregularities,
A coating film thickness calculating means for calculating a coating film thickness based on the surface roughness and the wavelength or the peak-to-peak value and wavelength of the surface irregularities, and the smoothing initial value. Item 3. The coating apparatus according to Item 1 or 2. 8. The wet-painted surface detecting means is constituted by an image-taking means for imaging the roughness of the wet-painted surface immediately after coating with the paint, and the power spectrum analysis is performed on the surface roughness information taken by the image-taking means. Power spectrum analyzing means for outputting as power spectrum data, calculating means for calculating a power spectrum integrated value and a wavelength corresponding to surface roughness from the power spectrum data from the power spectrum analyzing means, component information and coating conditions of the paint Input means for inputting, using a smoothing theoretical formula using a power spectrum analysis value, the coating thickness calculation means for calculating the coating thickness from the power spectrum integration value, wavelength, the coating composition information and coating conditions. The coating treatment apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: 9. While maintaining a constant distance from the surface to be coated,
A coating means for relatively moving on a surface to be coated and ejecting paint,
Immediately after being attached to this painting means and being painted by the painting means
Dry coating surface inspection to detect the wet coating surface of the surface to be coated
Output means, and the wet-painted surface detecting means is constituted by an imaging means for imaging the roughness of the wet-painted surface immediately after the paint is applied, and an input for inputting a coating condition including component information of the paint. Means, a wet coating film thickness calculating means for calculating a wet coating film thickness using a smoothing theory of surface roughness from the coating conditions and surface roughness information imaged by the imaging means, and the wet coating film thickness calculating means And a dry coating film thickness calculating means for calculating a dry coating film thickness based on the wet coating film thickness calculated in the step (a) and information on the solid content ratio of the coating material under the above-mentioned coating conditions. 10. A fixed distance from a surface to be coated is maintained.
Coating means that ejects paint by moving relative to the surface to be coated
And the direct
Dry coating table to detect the wet coating surface of the coated surface after
Surface detection means, wherein the undried painted surface detection means is constituted by imaging means for imaging the roughness of the undried painted surface immediately after coating with the paint, and an image for image processing of image information from the imaging means is provided. Processing means, input means for inputting coating conditions,
Wet sharpness calculating means for calculating the sharpness of the wet painted surface based on the image information image-processed by the image processing means and the coating conditions, and sharpness of the dry painted surface based on the sharpness of the wet painted surface. Dry sharpness estimating means for estimating image quality, and wet coating film thickness calculation for calculating a wet coating film thickness using a smoothing theory of surface roughness from the coating conditions and surface roughness information imaged by the imaging means. Means, a dry coating film thickness calculating means for calculating a dry coating film thickness based on the wet coating film thickness calculated by the wet coating film thickness calculating means and the applied paint solid content ratio information of the coating conditions, and the wet coating The paintability is determined based on the sharpness of the surface and the dry paint surface and the wet paint film thickness and the dry paint film thickness, and the optimum paint film thickness is calculated. A coating processing apparatus comprising: a paintability judging means for calculating a deviation of the coating film thickness; and a control means for controlling the coating conditions based on the deviation of the dry coating film thickness with respect to the optimum coating film thickness. . 11. A fixed distance from a surface to be coated is maintained.
Coating means that ejects paint by moving relative to the surface to be coated
And the direct
Dry coating table to detect the wet coating surface of the coated surface after
Surface detecting means, wherein the undried painted surface detecting means is constituted by an imaging means for imaging the roughness of the undried painted surface immediately after coating with the paint, and an image for image processing of image information from the imaging means is provided. Processing means, input means for inputting coating conditions,
A wet sharpness calculating means for calculating the sharpness of the wet painted surface based on the image information processed by the image processing means; and a sharpness of the dry painted surface based on the sharpness of the wet painted surface and the coating conditions. A coating processing apparatus, comprising: a dry sharpness estimating means for estimating the sharpness. 12. The coating means comprises :
And supported by a moving device so that it can move up and down.
The dry coating surface detection means
Mounted movably on the coating means while maintaining a fixed distance
12. The method according to claim 9, wherein
A coating processing apparatus according to the above.