JP3238598B2 - Method and apparatus for removing seedlings from transplanter - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for removing seedlings from a transplanter, and is used for transplanting vegetables such as cabbage and lettuce.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Vegetable transplanters for raising seedlings in seedling trays having pot portions in an array of vertical and horizontal lattices, and removing and transplanting seedling soil (sedimentary seedlings) from the pot portions are known. Is being mechanized. As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 4-330211, this type of vegetable transplanter has a main configuration in which a pair of seedling extraction claws capable of entering the seedling soil of a pot portion in a seedling tray, and a pair of seedling extraction claws. A claw support provided at the distal end of the take-out claw apart from each other, a pair of claw guides for guiding the pair of seedling take-out claws to advance and retreat, and a holder for supporting the claw support and the claw guide in a reciprocating manner, A claw operating mechanism for reciprocating the claw support and the claw guide.

[0003] Then, from the opening side of the pot, remove the seedling claw.
The seedlings are moved forward and plunged into the seedlings, and then the seedlings are taken out from the opening of the pot portion by withdrawing the seedling removing claws. Is moved to the tip side of the seedling picking nail after removing the seedling soil from the seedling picking nail and dropped and supplied to the planting device. It is supposed to.

In the seedling removing device of the transplanting machine, the nail guide is a pipe fitted and supported by the seedling extracting nail, and the pair of seedling extracting nails and the nail guide are arranged obliquely so as to approach on the tip side. The support moves linearly with respect to the seedling pot with a pair of seedling removal nails, while the nail guide moves linearly along the seedling removal nails, and the pair of seedling removal nails and the nail guide It is pivotally supported with respect to the support, and the distal end side moves (opens and closes) in a far and near direction. Further, in a side view, the seedling removal claw advances on the center line of the seedling soil at the time of removing the seedling.

Accordingly, the nail support is linearly moved to pierce the seedling removal nail into the seedling soil, the pierced seedling removal nail is closed and the seedling is clamped, and the seedling soil is taken out by the retreat movement of the nail support. After the support and the nail guide are set to a substantially downward posture, the tip of the seedling extracting nail is opened, and the nail guide is moved to the tip of the seedling extracting nail to separate the seedling soil from the seedling extracting nail. Thereafter, the nail guide is retracted while moving the nail support to the seedling soil removal position.

[0006]

In the above prior art, the nail support is moved linearly when the seedlings are taken out, so that the seedling taking-out nails are pierced into the seedling soil and the seedling taking-out nails are closed to clamp the seedling soil.
Although falling during transport of the seedlings can be prevented, there is a possibility that the seedlings may be damaged by the seedling removal claw due to pinching, and it is difficult to speed up the removal of the seedlings because the operation is performed in two stages.

Further, although the seedling can be released from the seedling removal nail by the nail guide, a two-stage operation of opening the seedling removal nail and advancing the nail guide is required, making it difficult to quickly release the seedling soil. In addition, since the nail guide is a pipe fitted to each seedling extraction nail, the nail guide pierces the seedling soil and it is difficult to sufficiently push the nail. The present invention solves such problems of the prior art, quickly and accurately removes seedling soil and its leaves without damaging it, quickly and accurately separates it from the seedling removal nail and delivers it to the planting device side. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for removing a seedling of a transplanter, which are made possible.

[0008]

A first concrete means for solving the problems in the method of the present invention is that they are located apart from each other.
A pair of seedling removal nails 4 and guide the advance and retreat of the seedling removal nails 4
With the claw guide 6 in the seedling tray 2 from a substantially downward posture,
While changing to a substantially horizontal position facing the seedlings 5 in the pot section 3
Scoop their tips under the leaves of the seedling 5
The seedling removal claw 4 is advanced with respect to the claw guide 6 in a flat posture, and
Enter the seedlings 5 while narrowing the distance L between the nail tips with the nail guide 6
After the rush, the seedling removal nail 4 and the nail guide 6 are both placed in the seedling tray.
2 to remove seedling soil 5 and plant seedling removal nails 4
The posture is changed to the downward direction facing the planting tube 43 of the device 35.
After that, the nail guide 6 is moved to the nail tip side and
While expanding the distance L between the nail tips of the seedling extraction nail 4, the seedling extraction nail 4
And extrude the seedlings 5 .

A first solution for solving the problem in the device of the present invention.
The concrete means is a pair of seedling removal claws 4 that can enter the seedling soil 5 of the pot portion 3 in the seedling tray 2, a pair of claw supports 8 that are separated from each other and pivotally supported at the tips. A claw guide 6 for guiding the pair of seedling removal claws 4 to advance and retreat, a holding member 9 for supporting the claw support 8 and the claw guide 6 in a reciprocating manner, and a reciprocating movement of the claw support 8 and the claw guide 6 respectively. And a claw operating mechanism 10 for moving the seedling removal claw 4 from a position facing the pot portion 3 to a substantially downward position facing the planting tube 43 of the planting device 35, the device comprising: The claw guide 6, which is moved toward the tip of the claw by the claw operating mechanism 10 when the seedling removal claw 4 is in a substantially downward posture, is a guide portion 1 for simultaneously guiding the pair of seedling removal claw 4.
1 in that the guide portion 11 has an extruded surface extending between the two seedling removal claws 4.

[0010] The second aspect of the present invention for solving the problem in the apparatus.
In addition to the first specific means, the guide part 11 of the nail guide 6 guides the pair of seedling removal claws 4 at a tip shorter than the pivot part and at an interval shorter than the pivot part interval K. That is.

[0011]

A pair of seedling removal claws 4 located apart from each other are advanced with respect to the pot portion 3 of the seedling tray 2 to move the seedling soil 5.
After that, the seedling removal claw 4 is retreated and the pot portion 3 is removed.
After the seedlings 5 are removed from the seedlings and the posture of the seedling extraction nails 4 from which the seedlings 5 have been extracted is changed substantially downward, the nail guide 6 fitted to the seedling extraction nails 4 is moved to the nail tip side, and the seedling extraction nails are moved. 4 to seedling 5
Withdraw.

At the time of removing the seedlings, the nail guide 6 is moved while the pair of seedling removing claws 4 are advanced with respect to the seedling soil 5 in the pot portion 3.
The distance L between the nail tips is reduced to remove the seedling 5 so as not to damage the seedling 5 and to prevent the seedling 5 from falling out of the seedling removing nail 4. When the nail guide 6 is moved to the tip side of the nail at the time of detachment of the seedling and the seedling soil 5 is pushed out from the seedling extraction nail 4, the distance L between the nail tips of the seedling extraction nail 4 is widened by the nail guide 6. Reverts to the same trajectory as when piercing the seedling soil 5.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 12 to 14 show the entire riding transplanter 21. The transplanting machine 21 is provided with a transplanting device 23 behind a riding type traveling vehicle 22, and runs in the longitudinal direction across two ridges. Meanwhile, the seedling soil 5 (soil block seedling) is automatically planted at predetermined intervals on each ridge.

The traveling vehicle 22 has an engine, a fuel tank and the like covered with a bonnet 25 and a control section 26 provided with a steering wheel on a front portion of a body frame 24.
A driver's seat 27 is provided at the rear of the control section 26, and the vehicle body frame 24 is mainly supported by a pair of left and right front wheels 28 and a pair of left and right rear wheels 29 so as to be able to travel. The front wheel 28 is a steering wheel, and the rear wheel 29 or the front and rear wheels 2
Power from the engine can be transmitted to 8 and 29, and a stand 30 for spare seedlings is provided on the left and right sides of the bonnet 25.

The transplanting device 23 is provided on the upper front side of the main frame 33 with a conveying device 34 for intermittently feeding the seedling tray 2 containing a large number of seedling soils 5 vertically and horizontally. A seedling take-out device 1 is provided for taking out the seedling soil 5 one by one from the seedling tray 2 and transferring it to a planting device 35 provided below the main frame 33, and a soil covering / pressure reduction roller 36 is provided below the rear portion of the main frame 33. The main configuration is provided.

The seedling tray 2 is made of plastic, is formed to be thin, has flexibility, and has a large number of pot portions 3 arranged in a grid pattern at predetermined pitches in the vertical and horizontal directions. The parts are connected to each other in a plane, and a drain hole is formed at the bottom of the pot part 3.
Then, the pot portion 3 is filled with floor soil, sowed and seedling there, and the seedling soil 5 is grown.

The main frame 33 is supported at the rear of the body frame 24 of the traveling vehicle 22 via a three-point link mechanism 38 comprising a top link 38a and a pair of left and right lower links 38b so as to be able to move up and down. Between the link 38a, a hydraulic cylinder 39 is provided so that the implanting device 23 can be moved up and down.

The planting device 35 has a horizontal frame 4
0 supports a planting cylinder 43 via a swing link mechanism 42 on a movable frame 41 pivotally supported so as to be able to move up and down through a power transmission mechanism 44 via a power transmission means 44 from a PTO shaft of the traveling vehicle 22. Thus, the planting cylinder 43 can be operated so as to draw a long elliptical locus in the vertical direction. The planting cylinder 43 is provided with an openable / closable opener at a lower portion. The opener opens forward and backward when it enters the ridge at the lower end side of the elliptical locus, and forms a planting hole. The seedlings 5 supplied on the side can be planted.

The soil cover / pressure reduction roller 36 is supported by a movable frame 41 via a support arm 46. A height adjusting means 47 is provided between the movable frame 41 and the support arm 46, and a rear end of the support arm 46 is provided. Is engaged with a long hole 48 a of the lifting / lowering restricting member 48 provided in the main frame 33. The raising and lowering operation of the movable frame 41 can be interlocked with a control valve for operating the hydraulic cylinder 39 via the raising and lowering operation transmitting means 49, and the height of the ridge changes greatly, so that the rear end of the support arm 46 moves up and down. When the restricting member 48 is largely moved up and down from substantially the center of the long hole 48a, the height of the implanting device 23 is adjusted by operating the hydraulic cylinder 39.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 11, the seedling removal device 1 removes seedling soil 5 one by one from the pot portion 3 of the seedling tray 2 at a predetermined seedling removal position with respect to the transport device 34. The seedling soil 5 is transported to a position above the planting tube 43 of the transport device 34 and supplied by dropping. The seedling removal device 1 includes a pair of needle-shaped seedling removal claws 4, a nail support 8 provided with the pair of seedling removal claws 4 at the tips, and a nail guide 6 that guides the pair of seedling removal claws 4 to advance and retreat. A holder 9 for supporting the claw support 8 and the claw guide 6 reciprocally in the longitudinal direction, and a claw support 8
And a claw operating mechanism 10 for appropriately operating the claw guide 6.

The claw operating mechanism 10 reciprocates the seedling removal claw 4 between the seedling tray 2 and the planting cylinder 43 while changing the posture, and the supporting frame 14 fixed on the main frame 33 is moved. The support frame 14 includes a PT
1 and 5, a rotating shaft 51 is provided with a crank body 52 that is driven to rotate counterclockwise in FIGS. The crank body 52 has a crank pin 53 protruding laterally through an arm, and a drive cam 52A provided coaxially with the crank body 52.

A lower portion of the swing arm 54 is pivotally connected to the support frame 14 below the crank body 52 by a swing shaft 54A. ) Is formed, and the crank pin 53 of the crank body 52 is inserted into the long hole 55.
Is inserted and engaged, so that the claw operating mechanism 10 has a short return stroke time in which the swing arm 54 swings to take the seedling soil 5 to the transport device 34, while the seedling device 35 A fast-return mechanism is provided in which the forward stroke time for swinging to supply the soil 5 is longer.

That is, the pot portion 3 is formed by the seedling removal nail 4.
In the return stroke Y for taking out the seedlings 5 from the pot, the movement is accelerated, and in the going-out stroke X in which the seedlings 5 are taken out from the pot portion 3 and delivered to the planting tube 43, the movements are made slow, The efficiency of taking out and supplying the seedlings is improved while preventing the falling of the seedlings 5 during the transfer. The holding body 9 is pivotally connected to the upper part of the swing arm 54 via a pin 54B. The holding member 9 is formed in a cylindrical shape at a portion where the pin 54B is provided, and a pipe-shaped claw support 8 is guided through this cylindrical portion so as to be axially movable. Can move toward and from the seedling tray 2 of the transport device 34. A pair of seedling removal claws 4 which are pierced into the seedling soil 5 in the pot portion 3 from an oblique direction is attached to the tip of the nail support member 8.

A roller 57 is attached to the holder 9 via a bracket 56 so as to freely rotate.
Is a cam groove 60 formed in a guide plate 59 which is swingably attached to the upper portion of the support frame 14 via a pin 58.
Is engaged. The guide plate 59 has a rolling roller 61 at the tip of the protruding arm. The rolling roller 61 is in contact with the drive cam 52A, and the guide plate 59 is pinned by the counterclockwise rotation of the drive cam 52A. It is swingable about 58.

The swing of the guide plate 59 about the pin 58 is such that when the seedling removal claw 4 advances toward the pot portion 3,
Before the rush start point (see FIG. 1), the tip of the seedling removal claw 4 is pin 54B so as to scoop the leaves of the seedling soil 5 from below.
And the posture of the holding body 9 (particularly, the relative angle of the holding body 9 with respect to the swing arm 54) in accordance with the swing angle of the swing arm 54 is regulated.

That is, when the seedling soil 5 is pulled out from the pot portion 3 (from the state shown in FIG. 1 to the state shown in FIG. 2), the relative angle of the holding body 9 with respect to the swing arm 54 does not change so much. The front side (the right side in FIG. 1) of the cam groove 60 is shaped so as to move the roller 57 around the swing shaft 54A of the swing arm 54. Thereby, the seedling removal nail 4
The seedlings 5 are taken out from the pot portion 3 while slowly scooping up while the tip of the seedling draws a locus about the swinging axis 54A of the swinging arm 54.

When the seedling soil 5 taken out of the pot portion 3 is transferred to above the planting tube 43 (from the state shown in FIG. 2 to the state shown in FIG. 3), the seedling take-out claw 4 is largely moved backward. The seedlings 5 are moved downward and changed to a substantially downward posture, and the seedlings 5 are set to a substantially vertical posture. For this purpose, the rear side (the left side in FIG. 2) of the cam groove 60 is configured to move the roller 57 in a direction away from the swing shaft 54A of the swing arm 54.

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, the claw support 8 is retracted between the base 65 provided at the base end thereof and the cylindrical portion of the holder 9 on the outer periphery of the claw support 8. A coil spring 66 biasing in the direction is interposed, and a claw attachment 67 is fitted and fixed to the front end of the claw support 8. The bases of the pair of seedling removal nails 4 are respectively attached to the
a, or the base of the seedling extraction nail 4 is bent at a right angle and pivotally supported as an axis, and the pair of seedling extraction nails 4 can swing with respect to the nail attachment tool 67 such that the tips move far and near. It has become.

At the lower end of the holding body 9, an extrusion link 6 is provided.
8 is rotatably connected via a pin 69. A long hole (or long groove) 70 is formed at the distal end of the pushing link 68, and is engaged with a pin 71 provided on a protruding arm of the claw attachment 67. A cam plate 73 is provided on the pushing link 68, and the cam plate 73 can contact the crank pin 53 of the crank body 52. When the swing arm 54 is located at the swing end on the side of the transfer device 34 (see FIG. 1), the pushing link 68 is swung via the cam plate 73 by the rotating crank pin 53, and the holding member 9 Then, the claw attachment 67 and the claw support 8 are pushed toward the conveying device 34 to compress the coil spring 66. As a result, the seedling removal nail 4 protrudes, and the nail support 8 has a restoring force for retreating.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a claw guide slidably inserted in the claw support 8, the base 65, and the claw attachment 67 in the longitudinal direction. The claw guide 6 is formed of a round bar or the like.
The member forming 1 is attached across both seedling extraction claws 4,
The front surface is a pressing surface in contact with the seedling soil 5. An L-shaped plate-shaped operating member 76 is attached to the rear end of the claw guide 6, a stopper 77 is fixed in the middle, and a spring 78 is fitted between the stopper 77 and the base 65. .

As shown in FIGS.
Are triangularly arranged with respect to the two seedling removal claws 4, two nail insertion holes 11 a are formed in the guide portion 11, and the interval between the left and right nail insertion holes 11 a is the pivot portion of the left and right seedling extraction nails 4. The interval is set smaller than the interval K (the interval between the shafts 4a serving as the pivots). Therefore, when the seedling extraction nail 4 and the nail guide 6 move relatively, the distance L between the nail tips of the seedling extraction nail 4 changes. That is, when the guide portion 11 is located at the tip end side of the seedling removal nail 4, the distance L between the nail tips is the widest. When the guide portion 11 is immobilized from this state and the seedling removal nail 4 is projected, the seedling removal The base side of the take-out claw 4 approaches the guide portion 11, and the distance L between the claw tips gradually decreases.

Therefore, when the seedlings 5 are taken out from the pot portion 3 and moved forward, the tips of the left and right seedling take-out claws 4 approach each other while pushing forward, and are inclined with respect to the left and right center lines S of the seedlings 5. It will move on a substantially straight orbit. Further, in a state where the seedling soil 5 is taken out by the seedling taking-out nails 4,
When the guide portion 11 of the nail guide 6 is moved from the position located at the base portion side of the seedling removal nail 4 to the distal end side, the distance L between the nail tips increases from a narrow state to a wide state, and the guide portion 11 is moved in parallel with the seedling soil 5. It comes into contact with and pushes out the seedling removal nail 4. At this time, the tip of the seedling take-out claw 4 with respect to the seedling soil 5 comes off substantially in the same trajectory as the rushed trajectory, thereby minimizing damage to the seedling soil 5 both when rushing in and when leaving.

The claw guide 6 is inserted into the claw support 8 and is arranged in a double axis. However, the claw guide 6 is separated from the claw support 8 and arranged vertically or horizontally. Alternatively, it may be arranged between the left and right seedling removal claws 4. In the side view shown in FIG. 6 and the like, the seedling removal claw 4 is far from the center line S of the seedling soil 5 in the pot portion 3 on the front surface side (opening edge side of the pot portion 3) and approaches on the bottom surface side. The seedlings 5 are substantially inclined truncated quadrangular pyramids, so that two seedling removal claws 4 are pierced from two corners below the surface to the center of the bottom surface. The leaves and roots do not pierce, and in addition, the tips of the left and right seedling removal claws 4 are narrowed, so that they do not collide with the vicinity of the bottom of the pot portion 3.

6 to 9, an operating piece 81 is pivotally supported on the holding body 9 via a shaft 82, and is urged clockwise in FIG. 6 by a spring. A lock portion 81A is formed on the left arm, a release portion 81B is formed on the right arm, and a pushing portion 81C is formed on the foot. The operation member 76 fixed to the claw guide 6 has a portion 76A parallel to the claw guide 6,
This portion 76A is guided by the holding body 9 so that the sliding is prevented from rotating.
Engagement with the first lock portion 81A restricts the movement of the claw guide 6 in the protruding direction.

A lock arm 83 is pivotally supported on the base 65 at the rear end of the claw support 8.
Is urged clockwise by a spring, and an engaged portion 83a which can be engaged with the engaging portion 9a of the holding body 9 on the front side.
, An inclined surface 83b, and a projection 83c protruding forward. The claw support 8 is held in a state where the engaged portion 83a of the lock arm 83 is engaged with the engaging portion 9a of the holding member 9 in a protruding state, and the locking portion is rotated by the operation piece 81 rotating. When the lock of the operating member 76 with the portion 76A by the 81A is released, the claw guide 6 projects, and the portion 76A comes into contact with the inclined surface 83b.
Even if the disengaged portion 83a is disengaged from the engaging portion 9a and the disengagement is incomplete, the release portion 81B pushes up the projection 83c by further rotating the operation piece 81, and the engaged portion 8a is disengaged.
3a is forcibly disengaged from the engaging portion 9a.

The pushing portion 81C of the operating piece 81 is rotated by coming into contact with an unlocking member 84 provided on the guide plate 59 so as to be adjustable in position. When the member 4 is moved to the state shown in FIG. 3 in which the member 4 is set to a substantially downward posture, the member comes into contact with the unlocking member 84 to cause the claw guide 6 to protrude, and then the claw support 8 is retracted with the claw guide 6. The lock release member 84 is formed by a bolt or a pin.

The claw guide 6 and the claw support 8 are supported by the holding body 9, the crank body 52, the driving cam 52A, the swing arm 54, the guide plate 59, the pushing link 68, and the like. Planting cylinder 4
The nail movement mechanism 10 is configured to move while changing the posture to a substantially downward seedling removal position facing 3 and take out the seedling 5 in the seed removal position and drop the seedling 5 in the seed removal position. Have been.

The operating piece 8 having the lock portion 81A
1. When the claw guide 6 is moved to the claw tip side by the operating member 76 and the lock arm 83, the claw support 8 and the claw guide 6
The return interlocking means 12 is configured to simultaneously retract the claw support 8 by the operating piece 81 having the release portion 81B, the lock arm 83, and the like. Have been.

In FIGS. 3 and 11, reference numeral 15 denotes a rounded tongue-shaped release guide having upper and lower and front open ends, which is attached to a bracket 87 projecting from the support frame 14 so as to be adjustable in position. Above the planting cylinder 43. The detachment guide 15 is provided with a seedling removal nail 4.
Is in a substantially downward (slightly inclined) posture, surrounds the seedling removal nail 4 and the nail guide 6, and comes into contact with the seedling soil 5 detached from the seedling removal nail 4 by the nail guide 6, and falls. To maintain the seedlings 5 in the proper posture or correct the improper posture.

The release guide 15 is made of metal, synthetic resin,
It can be formed of a spring material or the like into a flat plate shape, a half-cup shape, a rod shape, or the like, and the contact surface with the seedling soil 5 is formed in a shape that can guide the seedling soil 5 in an appropriate posture. Next, the operation of picking the seedlings 4 by the claw operating mechanism 10 will be described. In the state shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the holding body 9 is at the position closest to the seedling tray 2, and when the crank pin 53 rotates within the central arc portion of the long hole 55 of the swing arm 54 from this state, the pushing link 68 is swung about a pin 69, and the nail support 8 and the seedling removal nail 4 are
It is advanced toward the seedling soil 5 inside.

At this time, as shown in FIG.
Are stationary because the operating member 76 is in contact with the operating piece 81 and the base 65 moves forward,
78 is compressed, and the engaged portion 83a of the lock arm 83 is engaged with the engaging portion 9a of the holding body 9 to prevent the returning operation. Further, since the seedling extraction nail 4 advances with respect to the immovable guide part 11, the pair of left and right seedling extraction nails 4 are regulated by the nail insertion holes 11a of the guide part 11 which is narrower than the pivotal support space K, and the seedling extraction nail 4 is moved. Is pierced into the seedling 5 while moving forward and narrowing the distance L between the nail tips. In side view, the piercing direction of the seedling removal nail 4 is inclined with respect to the center line S of the seedling soil 5,
It does not stick into the stems and roots of seedlings.

In this piercing state, the right and left seedling removal claws 4
Changes from the two-dot chain line state to the solid line state in FIG.
It changes from a letter shape to a narrow V shape. The V-shaped state of the seedling take-out claw 4 has less detachment of the seedling soil 5 than in the case of a parallel shape, can be taken out strongly from the pot part 3, and is not designed to pinch the seedling soil 5 when changing. So seedling 5
Without being damaged.

At this time, the bottom of the pot portion 3 at the seedling removal position is supported by the backing member 89, and the seedling tray 2
Is prevented, and stable removal of the seedling soil 5 by the seedling removal nail 4 is ensured. When the crank body 52 rotates after the seedling removal claw 4 pierces the seedling soil 5, the swing arm 54 swings leftward via the crankpin 53,
The seedling removal nail 4 and the nail guide 6 are both separated from the seedling tray 2 and move on the forward movement trajectory X via the state shown in FIG.

In the movement on the forward movement trajectory X, the holding member 9 is guided by the cam groove 60 of the guide plate 59 with the roller 57 provided on the holding member 9, whereby the seedling picking claw 4 and the claw guide 6 are placed in a substantially horizontal picking posture. When the roller 57 is moved to the vicinity of the rear end of the cam groove 60, the pushing portion 81C of the operating piece 81 is disengaged from the lock release member 8 as shown in FIG.
Start contacting 4.

When the operation piece 81 comes into contact with the lock release member 84 and starts rotating (operation of the return interlocking means 12), the lock portion 81A releases the lock of the operation member 76, and the claw guide 6 is compressed to that point. As shown in a two-dot chain line in FIG. 3 and FIG. 7, the spring 78 protrudes resiliently and advances toward the tip end side of the immovable seedling removal nail 4 to push out the stabbed seedling soil 5. To disengage.

At this time, the pressing surface on the front surface of the guide portion 11 of the claw guide 6 is brought into contact with a large area so as not to damage the seedlings 5, and the detached seedlings 5 are released.
To the proper position, and the planting device 35
And the delivery is performed. When the claw guide 6 is protruded, the unlocked operating member 76 moves integrally, and as shown in FIG.
Abuts on the inclined surface 83b of the lock arm 83 to release the engagement between the engaged portion 83a and the engaging portion 9a. Therefore, the claw support 8 held in the protruding state is elastically retracted by the spring 66 in the compressed state.

At this time, the operating member 7 at the rear end of the claw guide 6
6 is in contact with the back surface of the base 65 via the cushion 88, the claw guide 6 is also retracted with the retraction of the claw support 8, and both are quickly retracted by the spring 66, so that the falling seedling soil 5 Contact of the nail guide 6 with the leaves is avoided as much as possible. If the portion 76A cannot lift the inclined surface 83b of the lock arm 83 for some reason such as the movement resistance of the claw guide 6 is too large, when the roller 57 moves to the rear end of the cam groove 60, the lock is stopped. Release member 84
As a result, the operating piece 81 is further rotated, and the lock arm 83 is rotated by the release portion 81B via the projection 83c (the security means 1).
3), the engaged portion 83a is forcibly disengaged from the engaging portion 9a, and retreat of the seedling removal claw 4 is ensured. Thus, even if the seedling 5 on the seedling removal nail 4 cannot be detached by the nail guide 6, the seedling removal nail 4 retreats and comes off the seedling soil 5 by hitting the nail guide 6.

Then, as shown in FIG. 4, both the seedling removal claw 4 and the claw guide 6 return to the retracted position, and the operating member 76 is in a lockable state. The rotation of the crank body 52 from this state is achieved by swinging the swing arm 54 rightward, moving the holding body 9 while changing the posture to the state shown in FIG. To return quickly. In this movement on the backward movement trajectory Y, the protruding portion of the drive cam 52A acts on the roller 61 of the guide plate 59 immediately before the seedling removal claw 4 and the claw guide 6 approach the seedling tray 2, and suddenly moves substantially downward from the downward posture. The posture is changed to a horizontal position, so that the seedlings 5 advance to the rush start position so as to scoop up the leaves or scoop the leaves under the leaves so that there are no leaves on the projecting trajectory of the seedling removal claws 4. I do.

FIGS. 1 to 4 show the seedling removal nail 4
The trajectory X of the tip of the seedling removal claw 4 in the seedling removal process (forward stroke) from the time of piercing the seedling to the time of dropping the seedling soil 5 above the planting tube 37 is indicated by a one-dot chain line, and the seedling removal in the return stroke is performed. The trajectory Y of the tip of the claw 4 is indicated by a two-dot chain line. Transfer device 34
The movable frame 92 is disposed behind the driver's seat 27 and supported by a support frame 91 fixed to the main frame 33 via a guide rail or the like, as shown in FIGS. It has.

The movable frame 92 is arranged to be inclined forward, and the seedling tray 2 is loaded from the upper side of the movable frame 92 along the rear surface of the movable frame so that the opening of the pot portion 3 is directed upward and rearward.
The lateral movement of the movable frame 92 causes the movable frame 92 to be fed laterally,
It is configured to be vertically fed downward in the movable frame 92. The movable frame 92 has two seedling trays 2 vertically.
Can be loaded.

The movable frame 92 is provided with a support plate 93 for supporting and guiding the bottom of the seedling tray 2 (that is, the bottom of the pot 3) over the pot 3 in a row. The support plate 93 extends to the pot portion 3 at a position where the seedlings 5 are taken out by the seedling take-out nails 4. The tip of the support plate 93 pierces the seedling take-out nails 4 into the seedling soil 5. The backing member 89 prevents the seedling tray 2 from being bent when the seedlings are pulled out, and allows the seedling removal claw 4 to stably take out the seedling soil 5.

A lateral feed shaft 102 having an endless spiral groove is rotatably supported on the support frame 91.
Power from the seedling removal device 1 side can be transmitted to the lateral feed shaft 102, and a lateral feed mechanism 103 that laterally feeds the movable frame 92 is provided between the lateral feed shaft 102 and the movable frame 92. The horizontal feed mechanism 103 enables the movable frame 92 to reciprocate laterally in the left-right direction by substantially the entire width of the seedling tray 2.

A horizontal shaft 94 is rotatably mounted below the movable frame 92. The horizontal shaft 94 is provided with a pair of left and right vertical feed wheels 95 via a one-way clutch. , A chain 97 is mounted over a driven wheel 96 provided on an upper portion of a movable frame 92, and a transport pin 98 that engages with a gap between the vertical pot portions 3 is attached to the chain 97. .

When the movable frame 92 which has been fed laterally reaches the end of its left and right movement, it corresponds to one pitch between the pot portions of the seedling tray 2 between the horizontal feed shaft 102 and the horizontal shaft 94. An intermittent feed means 99 for intermittently moving the chain 97 via the vertical feed wheel 95 by a distance is provided. The seedling tray 2 is laterally fed by the vertical feed wheel 95, the chain 97, the transport pins 98, the intermittent feed means 99, and the like. An intermittent vertical feed mechanism 100 that feeds vertically one pitch later is configured.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be variously modified. Seedling removal device 1
The method and apparatus for opening and closing the distance L between the claw tips by the claw guide 6 can also be applied to the configuration of the prior art, and the seedling removal claw 4 and the claw guide 6 after the removal of the seedling soil 5 are further retreated horizontally. In such a configuration, a belt conveyor may be arranged below the seedling removal claw 4, and the seedling soil 5 may be placed on the belt conveyor and transported to the planting device 35.

Although the transplanting device 23 of the transplanting machine 21 is shown as a riding type mounted on a traveling vehicle, it may be configured as a self-propelled walking type, or may be configured as a single-row plant and two or more multi-row plants. Or you can.

[0057]

According to the present invention described in detail above, while the pair of seedling removal claws 4 are advanced with respect to the seedling soil 5 in the pot portion 3 when the seedlings are removed, the distance L between the nail tips is controlled by the nail guide 6. When the seedling is removed, the nail guide 6 is moved to the tip of the nail to push out the seedling soil 5 from the seedling extraction nail 4 while the seedling removal nail 4 is being moved by the nail guide 6.
The seedling extraction nail 4 can be opened and closed in a substantially straight track with respect to the seedling soil 5 so that the seedling extraction nail 4 can be quickly and accurately extracted without being damaged by the seedling extraction nail 4. It can be released via the claw guide 6.

The claw guide 6 which is moved toward the tip of the claw by the claw operating mechanism 10 when the claw 4 is in a substantially downward position has a guide portion 11 for simultaneously guiding the pair of claw 4. Since the guide portion 11 has an extruded surface extending between the two seedling removal claws 4, the seedling soil 5 can be quickly and reliably transferred from the pot portion 3 to the planting cylinder 43 without damage. .

The guide portion 11 of the claw guide 6 guides the pair of seedling picking claws 4 at the distal end side of the pivoting portion at a shorter interval than the pivoting portion interval K. The seedlings 5 can be detached without being damaged by a simple configuration provided only.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional side view showing a working example of the present invention immediately before taking out a seedling.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side view immediately after removing the seedling.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional side view immediately before detachment of the seedling.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional side view immediately after detachment of the seedling.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a relationship between a seedling removal device and a transport device.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional side view of a main part of the seedling removal device when piercing a seedling.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional side view of a main part of the seedling removal device when the seedling is detached.

FIG. 8 is a sectional side view of a main part of the seedling removal device before piercing the seedling.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional plan view of a main part of the seedling removal device when piercing a seedling.

FIG. 10 is a rear view of a main part of the seedling removal device.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a detachment guide.

FIG. 12 is an overall side view of the transplanter.

FIG. 13 is an overall plan view of the transplanter.

FIG. 14 is an overall side view of the implantation device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Seedling removal apparatus 2 Seedling tray 3 Pot part 4 Seedling removal claw 5 Seedling soil 6 Claw guide 8 Claw support 9 Holder 10 Claw operation mechanism 11 Guide part 12 Return interlocking means 13 Security means 14 Support frame 15 Release guide body 21 Transplantation Machine 34 Conveying device 35 Planting device 43 Planting tube L Distance between claw tips K Pivot interval X Outbound travel Y Return travel S Seedling centerline

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-6-311805 (JP, A) JP-A-2-90919 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01C 11/00-11/02 303 A01C 11/02 365

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pair of seedling removal claws located apart from each other
(4) and a nail guide for guiding the seedling removal nail (4)
And (6) in the seedling tray (2) from a substantially downward posture.
Changed to a substantially horizontal position facing seedlings (5) in pot (3)
While scooping their tips under the leaves of the seedlings (5)
And pull out the seedling against the nail guide (6) in a substantially horizontal posture.
(4) is advanced and the distance between the claw tips by the claw guide (6)
Entering the seedlings (5) while narrowing (L)
Make sure that both the nail (4) and the nail guide (6) are in the seedling tray (2).
Remove the seedlings (5) by separating them from the seedlings and plant the seedling removal nails (4).
Substantially downward facing the planting tube (43) of the attaching device (35)
After changing the posture, move the nail guide (6) to the nail tip side
The distance between the tip of the nail of the seedling removal nail (4) with the nail guide (6)
Press the seedling soil (5) from the seedling extraction nail (4) while spreading (L).
A method for removing seedlings from a transplanter, comprising: 2. A pot portion (3) in a seedling tray (2).
A pair of seedling removal nails (4) capable of entering the seedling soil (5) of the above, a pair of nail support members (8) pivotally supported at the ends by separating the pair of seedling removal nails (4), and a pair of seedling removal A claw guide (6) for guiding the reciprocation of the claw (4), and a holder (9) for supporting the claw support (8) and the claw guide (6) in a reciprocating manner.
And the nail support (8) and the nail guide (6) are reciprocated respectively, and the seedling extraction nail (4) is moved from the posture facing the pot portion (3) to the planting cylinder (43) of the planting device (35). A seedling removal device for a transplanter having a claw operating mechanism (10) for moving to an opposing substantially downward position, wherein the claw operating mechanism (10) operates when the seedling extracting claw (4) is in a substantially downward position. The nail guide (6) to be moved to the nail tip side has a guide part (11) for simultaneously guiding a pair of seedling extraction nails (4), and the guide part (11) is provided between the two seedling extraction nails (4). A seedling removal device for a transplanter, characterized by forming a straddling extrusion surface. 3. A guide portion (11) of the claw guide (6).
The seedling removal device for a transplanter according to claim 2, characterized in that the pair guides the pair of seedling removal claws (4) at a distal end side of the pivot portion at a shorter interval than the pivot portion interval (K).