JP3305928B2 - How to remove and transport seedlings with transplanter - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for removing and feeding soiled seedlings by a transplanter, and is used for transplanting vegetables such as cabbage and lettuce.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Vegetable transplanters for raising seedlings in seedling trays having pot portions in an array of vertical and horizontal lattices, and taking out and transplanting seedling soil (planted seedlings) from the pot portions are known. Is being mechanized. As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 4-330211, this type of vegetable transplanter has a main configuration in which a pair of seedling extraction claws capable of entering the seedling soil of a pot portion in a seedling tray, and a pair of seedling extraction claws. A claw support provided at the distal end of the take-out claw apart from each other, a pair of claw guides for guiding the pair of seedling take-out claws to advance and retreat, and a holder for supporting the claw support and the claw guide in a reciprocating manner, A claw operating mechanism for reciprocating the claw support and the claw guide.

[0003] Then, the seedlings are taken out of the opening of the pot portion by inserting and removing the seedling take-out claws into the seedling soil from the opening side of the pot portion, and the taken seedling soil is transferred to above the planting device. After setting the nail support and the nail guide to a substantially downward posture corresponding to the planting cylinder, move the nail guide to the tip side of the seedling extracting nail, and detach the seedling soil taken out by the seedling extracting nail from the seedling extracting nail. It is designed to drop and supply to the planting device.

[0004]

The seedling trays are large and small according to the type of seedlings and the degree of growth, and the shapes (particularly the shape of the opening edges) and the number of pot portions arranged in a vertical and horizontal lattice are different. ing. Therefore, when the seedling removal nails enter the seedling soil from the opening side of the pot portion and randomly enter without considering the size of the seedling tray, the seedlings may be pierced or fallen.

[0005] The pot portion has a tapered shape with a narrow bottom. When the seedling soil is extracted (separated) from the pot portion, the seedling soil may be deformed. It is a factor of stock-out due to falling inside. Further, when the seedling soil extracted from the pot part is dropped from above into the planting tube of the planting device that is moving up and down, if the timing of the movement of the seedling removal claw and the movement of the planting tube is out of order, the seedling will come off the planting tube. The seedlings were dropped at the position where the seedlings fell, which was the cause of the lack of stock.

Therefore, the present invention provides a method of setting the position where the seedling removal claw enters, regardless of the size of the seedling tray, so that the seedling soil can be reliably pierced, and when the seedling is removed from the pot portion, the axial direction of the pot portion can be adjusted. By pulling out the seedlings almost in parallel, the seedlings are compressed to prevent them from losing their shape.In addition, during the feeding, the seedlings are supported while supporting the shoulders of the seedlings. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for taking out and distributing soil seedlings, which prevents the seedlings from dropping and ensures that the seedling soil can be dropped into the planting cylinder.

[0007]

According to the present invention, there is provided a seedling removal position for taking out seedlings 5 from the pot portion 3 of the seedling tray 2 and a seedling supply for dropping the seedlings 5 into the planting device 35 from above. This is a method for removing and distributing seedlings with a transplanting machine that reciprocates the seedling removal claw 4 between the position and the position. In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the following technical measures are taken.

That is, according to the present invention, the position where the seedling removal claw 4 protrudes into the soild seedling 5 in the pot portion 3 is determined by the lower edge of the opening edge of the pot portion 3 regardless of the size of the seedling tray 2. It is a predetermined position based on the lower edge between the stem of the seedling 5 and
When the seedling extraction claw 4 rushes into the soild seedling 5,
The seedling removal claw 4 is inserted obliquely in the depth direction, and by setting the position where the seedling removal claw 4 enters as described above, the seedling soil is securely pierced without damaging the seedling. (Claim 1). Further, in the present invention, after the seedling removal nails 4 rush into the soild seedlings 5, the seedling removal nails 4
Is pulled out substantially in parallel with the axial direction of the pot portion 3 so that the soiled seedling 5 is detached from the pot portion 3. In this way, the soiled seedling 5 is detached from the pot portion 3. Thus, the soild seedlings 5 are not compressed in the pot portion 3, and the shape is surely prevented from being deformed (claim 2).

Further, according to the present invention, when the seedling removal nail 4 is pushed into the soild seedling 5, the guide 11 of the seedling removal nail 4 is pressed against the opening edge of the pot part 3, and the seedling removal nail is thus pressed. 4 and the guide 11 is pressed against the shoulder of the soild seedling 5 and is fed. The distribution (conveyance) is performed while the shoulders of the soiled seedlings 5 are supported by the guide portions 11, thereby preventing unexpected fall of the soiled seedlings 5 during the transportation (claim 3).

[0010] In the present invention, the soild seedling 5 is transferred to the planting device 3.
5, when the planting device 35 is dropped from above.
The method is characterized in that the seedlings 5 are dropped in a state where the seedlings 5 are positioned in the upper part of the seeding tube 43 in this manner. Even if the seedlings 5 are misaligned, the seedlings 5 can be planted securely.
3 (claim 4).

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 12 to 14 show the entire riding transplanter 21.
2 that is equipped with a transplanting device 23 at the rear of the vehicle and automatically runs seedlings 5 (soil block seedlings) at predetermined intervals on each ridge while running in the longitudinal direction across two ridges. It is.

The traveling vehicle 22 has an engine, a fuel tank, and the like covered with a bonnet 25 and a control unit 26 having a steering wheel on a front portion of a body frame 24.
A driver's seat 27 is provided at the rear of the control section 26, and the vehicle body frame 24 is mainly supported by a pair of left and right front wheels 28 and a pair of left and right rear wheels 29 so as to be able to travel. The front wheel 28 is a steering wheel, and the rear wheel 29 or the front and rear wheels 2
The power from the engine can be transmitted to 8, 29, and a reserve seedling stand 30 is provided on the left and right sides of the bonnet 25.

The transplanting device 23 is provided on the upper front side of the main frame 33 with a conveying device 34 for intermittently feeding the seedling tray 2 containing a large number of seedlings 5 vertically and horizontally, and a lower rear portion of the conveying device 34. The seedling soil 5 is taken out from the seedling tray 2 one by one, and a planting device 35 provided below the main frame 33 is provided.
The main structure is provided with a soil covering / pressure reduction roller 36 below the rear part of the main frame 33.

The seedling tray 2 is made of plastic, is formed to be thin, has flexibility, and has a large number of pot portions 3 arranged in a grid pattern at predetermined pitches in the vertical and horizontal directions. The parts are connected to each other in a plane, and a drain hole is formed at the bottom of the pot part 3.
Then, the pot portion 3 is filled with floor soil, sowed and seedling there, and the seedling soil 5 is grown.

The main frame 33 is supported at the rear of the body frame 24 of the traveling vehicle 22 via a three-point link mechanism 38 comprising a top link 38a and a pair of left and right lower links 38b so as to be able to move up and down. Between the link 38a, a hydraulic cylinder 39 is provided so that the implanting device 23 can be moved up and down.

The planting device 35 includes a horizontal frame 4
0 supports a planting cylinder 43 via a swing link mechanism 42 on a movable frame 41 pivotally supported so as to be able to move up and down through a power transmission mechanism 44 and power transmitted from a PTO shaft of the traveling vehicle 22 via a power transmission means 44. Thus, the planting cylinder 43 can be operated so as to draw a long elliptical locus in the vertical direction. The planting cylinder 43 is provided with an openable / closable opener at a lower portion. The opener opens forward and backward when it enters the ridge at the lower end side of the elliptical locus, and forms a planting hole. The seedlings 5 supplied on the side can be planted.

The soil cover / pressure reduction roller 36 is supported by a movable frame 41 via a support arm 46. A height adjusting means 47 is provided between the movable frame 41 and the support arm 46, and a rear end of the support arm 46 is provided. Is engaged with a long hole 48 a of the lifting / lowering restricting member 48 provided in the main frame 33. The raising and lowering operation of the movable frame 41 can be interlocked with a control valve for operating the hydraulic cylinder 39 via the raising and lowering operation transmitting means 49, and the height of the ridge changes greatly, so that the rear end of the support arm 46 moves up and down. When the restricting member 48 is largely moved up and down from substantially the center of the long hole 48a, the height of the implanting device 23 is adjusted by operating the hydraulic cylinder 39.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 11 and 14, the seedling removal device 1 takes out the seedlings 5 one by one from the pot portion 3 of the seedling tray 2 at a predetermined seedling removal position with respect to the transport device 34. The seedling soil 5 is transported to a position above the planting tube 43 of the planting device 35 and supplied by falling. The seedling removal device 1 includes a pair of needle-shaped seedling removal claws 4, a nail support 8 provided with the pair of seedling removal claws 4 at the tips, and a nail guide 6 that guides the pair of seedling removal claws 4 to advance and retreat. A holding member 9 for supporting the claw support 8 and the claw guide 6 in a reciprocating manner in the longitudinal direction, respectively; and a claw operating mechanism 10 for appropriately operating the claw support 8 and the claw guide 6.

The claw operating mechanism 10 reciprocates the seedling removal claw 4 between the seedling tray 2 and the planting cylinder 43 while changing the posture, and supports the support frame 14 fixed on the main frame 33. The support frame 14 includes a PT
A rotating shaft 51 is provided with a crank body 52 that is driven to rotate counterclockwise in FIGS. The crank body 52 has a crank pin 53 protruding laterally through an arm, and a drive cam 52A provided coaxially with the crank body 52.

A lower part of the swing arm 54 is pivotally connected to the support frame 14 below the crank body 52 by a swing shaft 54A. ) Is formed, and the crank pin 53 of the crank body 52 is inserted into the long hole 55.
Is inserted and engaged, so that the claw operating mechanism 10 has a short return stroke time in which the swing arm 54 swings to take the seedling soil 5 to the transport device 34, while the seedling device 35 A fast-return mechanism is provided in which the forward stroke time for swinging to supply the soil 5 is longer.

That is, the pot portion 3 is formed by the seedling removal nail 4.
During the return stroke Y for removing the seedlings 5 from the pot, the movement is accelerated, and the seedlings 5 are taken out from the pot portion 3 and
At the time of the outbound journey X to be passed to 3, move slowly.
The efficiency of taking out and supplying the seedlings is improved while preventing the falling of the seedlings 5 during the transfer. The holding body 9 is pivotally connected to the upper part of the swing arm 54 via a pin 54B. This holder 9
Has a cylindrical portion at which the pin 54B is provided,
A claw support 8 made of a pipe is guided through the cylindrical portion so as to be freely movable in the axial direction, and the claw support 8 can move back and forth toward the seedling tray 2 of the transport device 34. A pair of seedling removal claws 4 which are pierced into the seedling soil 5 in the pot portion 3 from an oblique direction is attached to the tip of the nail support member 8.

A roller 57 is attached to the holding member 9 via a bracket 56 so as to freely rotate.
Reference numeral 7 is engaged with a cam groove 60 formed in a guide plate 59 which is swingably attached to an upper portion of the support frame 14 via a pin 58. The guide plate 59 has a rolling roller 61 at the tip of the protruding arm. The rolling roller 61 is in contact with the drive cam 52A, and the guide plate 59 is pinned by the counterclockwise rotation of the drive cam 52A. It is swingable about 58.

The swing of the guide plate 59 about the pin 58 is such that when the seedling removal claw 4 advances toward the pot portion 3, the leaves of the seedling soil 5 start from just before the entry start point (see FIG. 1). Pin 4 of the seedling removal nail 4 so that the
4B, the posture of the holder 9 according to the swing angle of the swing arm 54 (in particular, the relative angle of the holder 9 with respect to the swing arm 54) is regulated.

That is, when the seedling soil 5 is pulled out from the pot portion 3 (from the state shown in FIG. 1 to the state shown in FIG. 2), the relative angle of the holding body 9 with respect to the swing arm 54 does not change so much. The front side (the right side in FIG. 1) of the cam groove 60 is shaped so as to move the roller 57 around the swing shaft 54A of the swing arm 54. Thereby, the seedling removal nail 4
The seedlings 5 are taken out of the pot portion 3 while slowly scooping up while the tip of the seedling draws a locus about the swing axis 54A of the swing arm 54.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 6,
The position where the seedling removal claw 4 enters the soild seedling 5 in the pot part 3
However, the opening of the pot portion 3 regardless of the size of the seedling tray 2
Between the lower edge of the rim and the stem of the seeded seedling 5 based on the lower edge
It is a fixed position . Then, at the entry start end, the guide portion 11 formed at the tip of the claw guide 6 is pressed against the opening edge of the pot portion 3 and the seedling removal claw 4 is inserted obliquely in the depth direction of the pot portion 3. Then the seedling removal nail 4
Is pulled out substantially in parallel with the axial direction of the pot portion 3, the soild seedling 5 is released without being compressed in the pot portion 3, and the seedling soil 5 is removed.
This prevents the shape from being lost.

The seedlings 5 taken out of the pot 3
When the seedlings are transferred above the planting cylinder 43 (from the state shown in FIG. 2 to the state shown in FIG. 3), the seedling removal claw 4 is largely moved rearward and downward, and is changed to a substantially downward posture, and the seedling soil 5 is moved.
In a substantially vertical position. For this purpose, the rear side (the left side in FIG. 2) of the cam groove 60 is configured to move the roller 57 in a direction away from the swing shaft 54A of the swing arm 54.

That is, when the seedlings 5 are pierced by the seedling removal nails 4 and moved largely rearward for feeding, the shoulders of the seedlings 5 are pressed against the guide portions 11 formed at the tips of the nail guides 6. Thus, the seedlings 5 are distributed while preventing accidental dropping. As shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, the outer periphery of the claw support 8 is attached between the base 65 provided at the base end thereof and the cylindrical portion of the holder 9 in the direction in which the claw support 8 is retracted. A biasing coil spring 66 is interposed, and a claw attachment 67 is fitted and fixed to the front end of the claw support 8.

A pair of seedling removal nails 4 is attached to the nail attachment 67.
Are pivotally supported as axes by bending the base of the seedling extraction nail 4 at a right angle via the shaft 4a, respectively, and the tips of the pair of seedling extraction nails 4 move far and near with respect to the nail attachment tool 67. Swingable. An extruding link 68 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the holder 9 via a pin 69. A long hole (or long groove) 70 is formed at the distal end of the pushing link 68, and is engaged with a pin 71 provided on a protruding arm of the claw attachment 67.

A cam plate 73 is provided on the push-out link 68, and the cam plate 73 can contact the crank pin 53 of the crank body 52. The swing arm 54 is connected to the transfer device 34.
(See FIG. 1), the pushing link 68 is swung by the rotating crank pin 53 via the cam plate 73, and the pawl attachment 6 is attached to the holding body 9.
7 and the claw support 8 are pushed toward the conveying device 34 to compress the coil spring 66. As a result, the seedling removal nail 4 protrudes, and the nail support 8 has a restoring force for retreating.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a claw guide slidably inserted in the claw support 8, the base 65, and the claw attachment 67 in the longitudinal direction. The claw guide 6 is formed of a round bar or the like.
The member forming 1 is attached across both seedling extraction claws 4,
An L-shaped plate-shaped operating member 76 is attached to the rear end, and a stopper 77 is fixed in the middle part.
A spring 78 is fitted between the two.

As shown in FIGS.
Are triangularly arranged with respect to the two seedling removal claws 4, two nail insertion holes 11 a are formed in the guide portion 11, and the interval between the left and right nail insertion holes 11 a is the pivot portion of the left and right seedling extraction nails 4. The interval is set smaller than the interval K (the interval between the shafts 4a serving as the pivots). Therefore, when the seedling extraction nail 4 and the nail guide 6 move relatively, the distance L between the nail tips of the seedling extraction nail 4 changes. That is, when the guide portion 11 is located at the tip end side of the seedling removal nail 4, the distance L between the nail tips is the widest. When the guide portion 11 is immobilized from this state and the seedling removal nail 4 is projected, the seedling removal The base side of the take-out claw 4 approaches the guide portion 11, and the distance L between the claw tips gradually decreases.

Therefore, when the seedlings 5 are taken out of the pot portion 3 and moved forward, the tips of the left and right seedling removal claws 4 approach each other while pushing forward, and the right and left center lines S of the seedlings 5 are moved.
It moves on a substantially linear trajectory inclined with respect to. When the guide portion 11 of the nail guide 6 is moved from the position located at the base side of the seedling extraction nail 4 to the distal end side in a state where the seedling soil 5 is taken out by the seedling extraction nail 4, the distance between the nail tips L is increased.
The guide part 11 comes into contact with the seedling soil 5 and pushes it out of the seedling removal claw 4 in parallel with this.
At this time, the tip of the seedling take-out claw 4 with respect to the seedling soil 5 comes off substantially in the same trajectory as the rushed trajectory, thereby minimizing damage to the seedling soil 5 both when rushing in and when leaving.

The claw guide 6 is inserted into the claw support 8 and is arranged in a double axis. However, the claw guide 6 is separated from the claw support 8 and arranged vertically or horizontally. Alternatively, it may be arranged between the left and right seedling removal claws 4. In the side view shown in FIG. 6 and the like, the seedling removal claw 4 is far from the center line S of the seedling soil 5 in the pot portion 3 on the front surface side (opening edge side of the pot portion 3) and approaches on the bottom surface side. The seedlings 5 are substantially inclined truncated quadrangular pyramids, so that two seedling removal claws 4 are pierced from two corners below the surface to the center of the bottom surface. The leaves and roots do not pierce, and in addition, the tips of the left and right seedling removal claws 4 are narrowed, so that they do not collide with the vicinity of the bottom of the pot portion 3.

6 to 9, an operating piece 81 is pivotally supported on the holding body 9 via a shaft 82, and is urged clockwise in FIG. 6 by a spring. A lock portion 81A is formed on the left arm, a release portion 81B is formed on the right arm, and a pushing portion 81C is formed on the foot. The operation member 76 fixed to the claw guide 6 has a portion 76A parallel to the claw guide 6,
This portion 76A is guided by the holding body 9 so that the sliding is prevented from rotating.
Engagement with the first lock portion 81A restricts the movement of the claw guide 6 in the protruding direction.

A lock arm 83 is pivotally supported on the base 65 at the rear end of the claw support 8.
Is urged clockwise by a spring, and an engaged portion 83a which can be engaged with the engaging portion 9a of the holding body 9 on the front side.
, An inclined surface 83b, and a projection 83c protruding forward. The claw support 8 is held in a state where the engaged portion 83a of the lock arm 83 is engaged with the engaging portion 9a of the holding member 9 in a protruding state, and the locking portion is rotated by the operation piece 81 rotating. When the lock of the operating member 76 with the portion 76A by the 81A is released, the claw guide 6 projects, and the portion 76A comes into contact with the inclined surface 83b.
Even if the disengaged portion 83a is disengaged from the engaging portion 9a and the disengagement is incomplete, the release portion 81B pushes up the projection 83c by further rotating the operation piece 81, and the engaged portion 8a is disengaged.
3a is forcibly disengaged from the engaging portion 9a.

The pushing portion 81C of the operating piece 81 is rotated by coming into contact with an unlocking member 84 provided on the guide plate 59 so as to be adjustable in position. When the member 4 is moved to the state shown in FIG. 3 in which the member 4 is set to a substantially downward posture, the member comes into contact with the unlocking member 84 to cause the claw guide 6 to protrude, and then the claw support 8 is retracted with the claw guide 6. The lock release member 84 is formed by a bolt or a pin.

The claw guide 6 and the claw support 8 are supported by the holding body 9, the crank body 52, the driving cam 52A, the swing arm 54, the guide plate 59, the pushing link 68, and the like. Planting cylinder 4
The claw operating mechanism 10 moves while changing the posture to a substantially downward seedling removal position facing 3 and takes out the seedling 5 in the seed removal position and drops the seedling 5 in the seed removal position.
Is configured.

The operating piece 8 having the lock portion 81A
1. When the claw guide 6 is moved to the claw tip side by the operating member 76 and the lock arm 83, the claw support 8 and the claw guide 6
The return interlocking means 12 is configured to simultaneously retract the claw support 8 by the operating piece 81 having the release portion 81B, the lock arm 83, and the like. Have been.

In FIGS. 3 and 11, reference numeral 15 denotes a rounded tongue-shaped detachment guide whose top and bottom and front are open, which is attached to a bracket 87 projecting from the support frame 14 so as to be adjustable in position. Above the planting cylinder 43. The detachment guide 15 is provided with a seedling removal nail 4.
Is in a substantially downward (slightly inclined) posture, surrounds the seedling removal nail 4 and the nail guide 6, and comes into contact with the seedling soil 5 detached from the seedling removal nail 4 by the nail guide 6, and falls. To maintain the seedlings 5 in the proper posture or correct the improper posture.

The release guide 15 is made of metal, synthetic resin,
It can be formed of a spring material or the like into a flat plate shape, a half-cup shape, a rod shape, or the like, and the contact surface with the seedling soil 5 is formed in a shape that can guide the seedling soil 5 in an appropriate posture. Next, the operation of picking the seedlings 4 by the claw operating mechanism 10 will be described. In the state shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the holding body 9 is located closest to the seedling tray 2, and when the crank pin 53 rotates within the central arc portion of the long hole 55 of the swing arm 54 from this state, the pushing link 68 is swung about a pin 69, and the nail support 8 and the seedling removal nail 4 are
It is advanced toward the seedling soil 5 inside.

At this time, as shown in FIG.
Are stationary because the operating member 76 is in contact with the operating piece 81 and the base 65 moves forward,
78 is compressed, and the engaged portion 83a of the lock arm 83 is engaged with the engaging portion 9a of the holding body 9 to prevent the returning operation. Further, since the seedling extraction nail 4 advances with respect to the immovable guide part 11, the pair of left and right seedling extraction nails 4 are regulated by the nail insertion holes 11a of the guide part 11 which is narrower than the pivotal support space K, and the seedling extraction nail 4 is moved. Is pierced into the seedling 5 while moving forward and narrowing the distance L between the nail tips. In side view, the piercing direction of the seedling removal nail 4 is inclined with respect to the center line S of the seedling soil 5,
It does not stick into the stems and roots of seedlings.

In this piercing state, the right and left seedling removal claws 4
Changes from the two-dot chain line state to the solid line state in FIG.
It changes from a letter shape to a narrow V shape. The V-shaped state of the seedling take-out nails 4 is such that the seedlings 5 are less likely to fall out than in the case of the parallel shape, can be taken out strongly from the pot portion 3, and do not pinch the seedlings 5 when changing. Therefore, the seedlings 5 are not damaged.

At this time, the bottom of the pot portion 3 at the seedling removal position is supported by the backing member 89, and the seedling tray 2
Is prevented, and stable removal of the seedling soil 5 by the seedling removal nail 4 is ensured. When the crank body 52 rotates after the seedling removal claw 4 pierces the seedling soil 5, the swing arm 54 swings leftward via the crankpin 53,
The seedling removal nail 4 and the nail guide 6 are both pulled away from the seedling tray 2 and move on the forward trajectory X through the state of FIG.

In the movement on the forward movement trajectory X, the holding member 9 is guided by the cam groove 60 of the guide plate 59 with the roller 57 provided on the holding member 9, whereby the seedling picking claw 4 and the claw guide 6 are placed in a substantially horizontal picking posture. When the roller 57 is moved to the vicinity of the rear end of the cam groove 60, the pushing portion 81C of the operating piece 81 is disengaged from the lock release member 8 as shown in FIG.
Start contacting 4.

When the operation piece 81 comes into contact with the lock release member 84 and starts rotating (operation of the return interlocking means 12), the lock portion 81A releases the lock of the operation member 76, and the claw guide 6 is compressed to that point. As shown in a two-dot chain line in FIG. 3 and FIG. 7, the spring 78 protrudes resiliently and advances toward the tip end side of the immovable seedling removal nail 4 to push out the stabbed seedling soil 5. To disengage.

At this time, the guide portion 11 of the nail guide 6 is abutted on a large surface that does not damage the seedling 5, and the detached seedling 5 is guided by the detachment guide 15 so that the posture thereof is properly adjusted. Then, it falls toward the planting tube 43 of the planting device 35 and is delivered. When the claw guide 6 is protruded, the unlocked operating member 76 moves integrally,
As shown in FIG. 7, the portion 76A comes into contact with the inclined surface 83b of the lock arm 83 to release the engagement between the engaged portion 83a and the engaging portion 9a. Therefore, the claw support 8 held in the protruding state is elastically retracted by the spring 66 in the compressed state.

At this time, the operating member 7 at the rear end of the claw guide 6
6 is in contact with the back surface of the base 65 via the cushion 88, the claw guide 6 is also retracted with the retraction of the claw support 8, and both are quickly retracted by the spring 66, so that the falling seedling soil 5 Contact of the nail guide 6 with the leaves is avoided as much as possible. If the portion 76A cannot lift the inclined surface 83b of the lock arm 83 for some reason such as the movement resistance of the claw guide 6 is too large, when the roller 57 moves to the rear end of the cam groove 60, the lock is stopped. Release member 84
As a result, the operating piece 81 is further rotated, and the lock arm 83 is rotated by the release portion 81B via the projection 83c (the security means 1).
3), the engaged portion 83a is forcibly disengaged from the engaging portion 9a, and retreat of the seedling removal claw 4 is ensured. Thus, even if the seedling 5 on the seedling removal nail 4 cannot be detached by the nail guide 6, the seedling removal nail 4 retreats and comes off the seedling soil 5 by hitting the nail guide 6.

Then, as shown in FIG. 4, both the seedling removal claw 4 and the claw guide 6 return to the retracted position, and the operating member 76 is in a lockable state. The rotation of the crank body 52 from this state is achieved by swinging the swing arm 54 rightward, moving the holding body 9 while changing the posture to the state shown in FIG. To return quickly. In this movement on the backward movement trajectory Y, the protruding portion of the drive cam 52A acts on the roller 61 of the guide plate 59 immediately before the seedling removal claw 4 and the claw guide 6 approach the seedling tray 2, and suddenly moves substantially downward from the downward posture. It is changed to a horizontal posture, so that the seedlings 5 advance to the rush start position so as to scoop up the leaves or scoop under the leaves, so that there are no leaves on the projecting trajectory of the seedling removal claws 4. I do.

FIGS. 1 to 4 show the seedling removal nail 4
The trajectory X of the tip of the seedling removal claw 4 in the seedling removal process (forward stroke) from the time of piercing the seedling to the time of dropping the seedling soil 5 above the planting tube 37 is indicated by a one-dot chain line, and the seedling removal in the return stroke is performed. The trajectory Y of the tip of the claw 4 is indicated by a two-dot chain line. Transfer device 34
The movable frame 92 is disposed behind the driver's seat 27 and supported on a support frame 91 fixed to the main frame 33 via a guide rail or the like, as shown in FIGS. It has.

The movable frame 92 is arranged to be inclined forward, and the seedling tray 2 is loaded from the upper side of the movable frame 92 along the rear surface of the movable frame so that the opening of the pot portion 3 is directed upward and rearward.
The lateral movement of the movable frame 92 causes the movable frame 92 to be fed laterally,
It is configured to be vertically fed downward in the movable frame 92. The movable frame 92 has two seedling trays 2 vertically.
Can be loaded.

The movable frame 92 is provided with a support plate 93 for supporting and guiding the bottom of the seedling tray 2 (that is, the bottom of the pot 3) across the pots 3 in a row. The support plate 93 extends to the pot portion 3 at a position where the seedling soil 5 is taken out by the seedling removal claw 4.
The tip end of 3 serves as a backing member 89 for preventing bending of the seedling tray 2 when the seedling extraction nail 4 is pierced into the seedling soil 5 and for stable extraction of the seedling soil 5 by the seedling extraction nail 4. ing.

A lateral feed shaft 102 having an endless spiral groove is rotatably supported on the support frame 91.
Power from the seedling removal device 1 side can be transmitted to the lateral feed shaft 102, and a lateral feed mechanism 103 that laterally feeds the movable frame 92 is provided between the lateral feed shaft 102 and the movable frame 92. The horizontal feed mechanism 103 enables the movable frame 92 to reciprocate laterally in the left-right direction by substantially the entire width of the seedling tray 2.

A horizontal shaft 94 is rotatably mounted below the movable frame 92. A pair of left and right vertical feed wheels 95 are provided on the horizontal shaft 94 via a one-way clutch. , A chain 97 is mounted over a driven wheel 96 provided on an upper portion of a movable frame 92, and a transport pin 98 that engages with a gap between the vertical pot portions 3 is attached to the chain 97. ing.

When the movable frame 92 which has been fed laterally reaches the end of its left and right movement, it corresponds to one pitch between the pot portions of the seedling tray 2 between the horizontal feed shaft 102 and the horizontal shaft 94. An intermittent feed means 99 for intermittently moving the chain 97 via the vertical feed wheel 95 by a distance is provided. The seedling tray 2 is laterally fed by the vertical feed wheel 95, the chain 97, the transport pins 98, the intermittent feed means 99, and the like. An intermittent vertical feed mechanism 100 that feeds vertically one pitch later is configured.

FIGS. 15 to 17 show an embodiment in which the transplanter for carrying out the above-described method of the present invention is of a walking type. The basic configuration is the same as that described above with reference to FIGS. Common parts are denoted by common reference numerals, and differences will be described below. The traveling vehicle 22 is a two-axis four-wheel
8 is a steering wheel, the rear wheel 29 is a driving wheel, and the rear wheel 2
9 is a drive shaft 29B.
The vehicle height can be adjusted in accordance with the height of the ridge U by being freely swingable around.

The transmission case 2 is mounted on the body frame 24.
4A, a movable frame 41 is provided on both sides of the transmission case 24A via a horizontal shaft 40, and the planting cylinder 43 is supported on the movable frame 41 via a swing link mechanism. The drive shaft 29B is attached to the transmission case 24A.
And the PTO shaft 44 divides the engine power.
The O-shaft 44 transmits the driving force of the drive means for the seedling extraction claw and the driving device 34 via the joint shaft 44A.

The main frame 3 from the transmission case 24A
3 is extended rearward, and has a steering handle 33A at the rear of the main frame 33. The handle 33A has a substantially rectangular frame shape in plan view and a support plate 93 serving as a seedling tray support base in the transport device 34. The transverse feed shaft 102 allows intermittent movement. In the middle of the transmission system including the traverse mechanism 103, there is provided a pitch changing means 103A for making the traverse pitch variable.
In this embodiment, the end portion 2 is provided in the vicinity of the driving means 103B of the seedling extraction claw, so that it is a walking type, so that the front-rear weight balance is slightly improved.

The pitch changing means 103A is of a shift gear type, and can be shifted remotely from the handle 33A. Parallel quadruple swing link mechanism 4
The planting cylinder 43 supported vertically by 2 has an openable / closable opener 43A at the lower part, and moves the locus T shown in FIG. U-portable.

Seedling soil 5 delivered by seedling removal claw 4
Is dropped from above the planting tube 43 in a state where the seedling soil 5 is positioned in the upper part of the planting tube 43, that is, in a state where the seedling soil 5 and the planting tube 43 are overlapped in the vertical direction. The movement of the nail and the planting cylinder 4
Even if the timing of the exercise 3 is slightly different from that of the exercise 3, the seedlings 5 can be reliably dropped.

Further, the dropping position of the seedling soil 5 is determined by the locus T
By setting T2 slightly before the top dead center T1,
Using the ascending movement of the planting tube 43 from T2 to T1, the received seedling soil 5 can be smoothly slid while giving vibration.

[0061]

As described in detail above, according to the method of the present invention,
Regardless of the size of the seedling tray, based on the lower edge of the opening of the pot
Since the seedling removal claw rushes into the soild seedling at a predetermined position, the leaves of the seedling soil are not pierced or broken, and
When the seedling is removed from the pot, the seedling is pulled out substantially in parallel with the axial direction of the pot, so that the seedling can be detached without excessively compressing the seedling in the pot and without deforming.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional side view of a transplanter used in the method of the present invention immediately before taking out a seedling.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side view immediately after removing the seedling.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional side view immediately before detachment of the seedling.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional side view immediately after detachment of the seedling.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a relationship between a seedling removal device and a transport device.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional side view of a main part of the seedling removal device when piercing a seedling.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional side view of a main part of the seedling removal device when the seedling is detached.

FIG. 8 is a sectional side view of a main part of the seedling removal device before piercing the seedling.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional plan view of a main part of the seedling removal device when piercing a seedling.

FIG. 10 is a rear view of a main part of the seedling removal device.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a detachment guide.

FIG. 12 is an overall side view of the transplanter.

FIG. 13 is an overall plan view of the transplanter.

FIG. 14 is an overall side view of the implantation device.

FIG. 15 is a plan view of a walking implanter used in the method of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 17 is a side view of the main part.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Seedling removal apparatus 2 Seedling tray 3 Pot part 4 Seedling removal claw 5 Seedling soil 6 Claw guide 8 Claw support 9 Holder 10 Claw operation mechanism 11 Guide part 12 Return interlocking means 13 Security means 14 Support frame 15 Release guide body 21 Transplantation Machine 34 Transfer device 35 Planting device 43 Planting tube

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Akio Hamada 64 Ishizukita-cho, Sakai City, Osaka Inside the Kubota Sakai Works Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Mayuki Harada 64 Ishizukita-cho, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture Kubota Sakai Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-6-311805 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01C 11/00-11/02 303

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A seedling take-out position for taking out a seedling with seedling (5) from a pot part (3) of a seedling tray (2) and dropping the seedling with seedling (5) into a planting device (35) from above. A method for removing and distributing seedlings with a transplanting machine that reciprocates a seedling removal nail (4) between a seedling supply position and a seedling removal nail, wherein the seedling removal nail is attached to a soiled seedling (5) in a pot part (3). Regarding the position where (4) enters, regardless of the size of the seedling tray (2), the lower edge between the lower edge of the opening edge of the pot portion (3) and the stem of the soild seedling (5) is used as a reference. are the predetermined position, pop when rush the seedling taking out pawl (4) on the seedling with soil (5)
And projecting the seedling removal nail (4) diagonally in the depth direction of the part (3).
A method for removing and distributing seedlings attached to a transplanter, which is characterized in that they are inserted . 2. The method according to claim 2, wherein the seedling removal claws (4) project from the soild seedlings (5).
After insertion, the seedling removal claw (4) is pulled out substantially in parallel with the axial direction of the pot portion (3), whereby the soild seedling (5) is removed from the pot portion (3).
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the seedling is detached from the plant. 3. A seedling take-out position for taking out a seedling with seedling (5) from a pot part (3) of a seedling tray (2), and dropping the seedling with seedling (5) into a planting device (35) from above. A method for transferring seedlings with a transplanter that reciprocates a seedling removal nail (4) between a seedling supply position and a seedling removal nail (4), wherein the seedling removal nail (4) enters a soiled seedling (5). With the guide portion (11) of the seedling removal nail (4) pressed against the opening edge of the pot portion (3), the seedling removal nail (4) is rushed in, and the guide portion (11) is attached to the soiled seedling (5). ). A method for removing and distributing soild seedlings of a transplanter, which comprises distributing the seedlings in a state of being pressed against a shoulder. 4. When the soil seedling (5) is dropped from above onto the planting device (35), the soil seedling (5) is placed in the upper part of the seeding tube (43) in the planting device (35). 4. The method for removing and distributing soild seedlings of a transplanter according to claim 1, wherein the seedlings are dropped in a state where they are positioned.