JP3188613B2 - How to remove seedlings from transplanter - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for removing seedlings of a transplanting machine for transplanting vegetables such as cabbage, lettuce, Chinese cabbage, broccoli and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Vegetable transplanters for raising seedlings in seedling trays having pot portions in a vertical and horizontal lattice arrangement, and taking out soiled seedlings from the pot portions and transplanting them are known. ing. As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 4-330211, this type of vegetable transplanter has a main configuration in which a pair of seedling removal claws that can enter a soiled seedling in a pot portion of a seedling tray, and a pair of seedling removal claws. A nail support provided at the distal end of the seedling extraction nails apart from each other, a pair of nail guides for guiding the pair of seedling extraction nails to advance and retreat, and a holder for supporting the nail support and the nail guides in a reciprocating manner. And a claw operating mechanism for reciprocating the claw support and the claw guide.

Then, the seedlings are taken out of the potted portion from the opening side of the pot portion to enter and leave the soiled seedlings, thereby taking out the soiled seedlings from the opening portion of the pot portion. After moving the nail support and the nail guide to the substantially downward position corresponding to the planting cylinder, move the nail guide to the tip of the seedling extraction nail and extract the seedling with soil removed by the seedling extraction nail. The nail is detached from the nail and supplied to the planting device.

[0004]

In the transplanting machine of the prior art, the trajectory of the seedling removal claw entering and exiting the soiled seedling is the same, and the root pot of the soiled seedling does not collide with the pot portion when leaving. Therefore, good extraction is possible, but the leaves are often pierced and damaged by the seedling extraction nail, and the movement of the seedling extraction nail has too many problems.

Therefore, it has been considered to pierce the seedling removal nail obliquely from the lower side of the leaf of the soiled seedling toward the center of the root pot. This movement of the seedling removal nail is very useful because it does not damage the leaves, but in the case of a small pot part, etc.
There is a possibility that the bottom portion of the root mortar collides with the pot portion during removal. According to the conventional technique, the seedling removal claw piercing the soiled seedling completely moves out of the pot portion and moves in the direction facing the planting tube, so that the movement is not smooth and takes time. Therefore, it is difficult to increase the transplantation speed.

According to the present invention, the transplanting speed can be increased by starting the substantially downward posture transition process while the seedling removal nail is withdrawn from the pot portion, and the bottom portion of the root pot is prevented from colliding with the pot portion. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for removing a seedling of a transplanter, which is made possible.

[0007]

The first concrete means for solving the problem in the present invention is to move the seedling removal claw 4 forward with respect to the soiled seedling 5 in the pot portion 3 of the seedling tray 2. After the seedling 5 is slid into the soiled seedling 5, and is evacuated to take out the stabbed soiled seedling 5, the seedling removal claw 4 is shifted from the position facing the seedling tray 2 to the substantially downward position facing the planting cylinder 43. A method for removing seedlings of a transplanter, which detaches soiled seedlings 5 from removal nails 4 and supplies the seedlings to drop into a planting tube 43, comprising a step of shifting the seedling removal nails 4 from the pot portion 3 to a substantially downward posture from the middle. Is started.

As a result, the operation of the seedling removal claw 4 until it retreats from the inside of the pot and assumes a substantially downward position is smooth, and the transplanting speed can be increased. A second specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is that, in addition to the first specific means, the seedling removal claw 4 is attached to the soiled seedling 5 in the pot portion 3.
After being pierced into the pot portion 3, it is retracted rearward and upward so as to form a substantially V-shaped trajectory, and while being retracted from the inside of the pot portion 3, the posture is changed to a substantially downward posture and the shift to the planting tube 43 side is started. It is characterized by the following.

Thus, even if the seedling removal claw 4 is pierced into the soiled seedling 5 and then retracted rearward and upward so as to form a substantially V-shaped trajectory so as not to damage the leaves, the seedling soil at the time of removal is still potable. Collision with the part 3 is avoided. A third specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is to place a pair of seedling removal claws 4 located apart from each other on the seedling 5 in the pot portion 3 of the seedling tray 2 from below the leaves. A process in which the seedling 5 is moved forward in an inclined state with respect to the center line S of the soiled seedling 5 while scooping up, and enters the seedling soil; B process for taking out the seedling to the middle; C process for changing the posture of the seedling removal claw 4 from within the pot portion 3 and moving to shift from the position facing the seedling tray 2 to a substantially downward position; The seedling removal nail 4 is moved to a substantially downward position facing the planting cylinder 43, and the seedling removal nail 4 is moved relative to the nail guide 6 guiding the seedling removal nail at its final position. The seedlings 5 with soil are detached from the seedling 4 and supplied to the planting cylinder 43 by dropping. And D step of retracting the Detsume 4; and E process for the seedling taking out pawl 4 after soil with seedlings 5 withdrawal is backward; A Following this E stroke
And an F-stroke in which the seedling removal claw 4 is moved backward from the substantially downward position to the position facing the seedling tray 2 until the stroke.

This makes it possible to increase the transplanting speed. Even if the seedling removal nail 4 is obliquely pierced into the soiled seedling 5 and then retreated upward, the seedling soil at the time of removal is kept in the pot portion 3.
Collision is avoided.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 13, the vegetable transplanter 21
The steering wheel 20 is provided at the rear of the traveling vehicle (traveling body) 22.
In this method, the seedlings 5 with soil are planted at predetermined intervals on the ridges 7 covered with the multi-film while running in the longitudinal direction across the ridges 7.

The traveling vehicle 22 includes a device frame 23 and a gantry 24 provided at the front end of the device frame 23. The front portion of the device frame 23 is bent downward and is fixed to a side portion of the gantry 24. The rear portion is bent upward and the steering handle 20 is attached. Stand 2
4, an engine 25 is mounted thereon. The engine 25 is covered with a bonnet 26, and a transmission case 27 is fixed to a rear portion of the gantry 24. Power of the engine 25 is transmitted to a power transmission mechanism in the transmission case 27. It is transmitted.

The power input into the transmission case 27 is transmitted to a wheel transmission shaft 28 projecting left and right, and a first PTO provided rearward of the wheel transmission shaft 28 and projecting left and right. It can be taken out from the shaft 29 and the second PTO shaft 30 projecting rearward and upward. Left and right rear wheels 32 are supported at both left and right end portions of the wheel transmission shaft 28 via a transmission case 31 that can swing up and down around the axis thereof.
The power of the engine 25 is transmitted via the power transmission mechanism in 1. In addition, a pair of left and right front wheels 33 and a ridge height detection roller 36 are provided at a front portion of the traveling vehicle 22.

At the rear of the traveling vehicle 22, there is a transplanting work 37
Is provided. The transplanting operation section 37 includes a seedling supply device 39 and the soild seedling 5 supplied from the seedling supply device 39.
Planting device 35 for planting the ridges 7 with the planting cylinder 43
A multi-film perforation device 38 and the like for preliminarily perforating a hole for transplantation in the multi-film are provided at positions where the seedlings are to be planted. The seedling supply device 39 is driven by the rotational power of the second PTO shaft 30, and the planting device 35 and the multi-perforation device 3
8 is driven by the rotational power of the first PTO shaft 29.

The planting device 35 and the multi-film punching device 38 are connected to the first PTO shaft 29 of the transmission case 27.
It is provided on a movable frame 41 which is supported to be vertically swingable. The rear end of the movable frame 41 is suspended from the apparatus frame 23 so that the position in the vertical direction can be adjusted. A soil covering / pressure reduction roller 42 is provided at the rear of the movable frame 41.

In FIG. 1 to FIG.
A seedling tray 2 mounted on the device frame 23 and provided with a large number of pots 3 in which the seedlings 5 with the soil are raised.
From the seedling tray 2 on the conveying device 34, and the seedlings 5 with soil are taken out one by one by the seedling removal claw 4 from the seedling tray 2 on the conveying device 34. And a seedling removal device 1 for transferring the attached seedlings 5 above the planting device 35 and dropping them into the planting cylinder 43.

The seedling tray 2 is made of resin and has flexibility. A large number of pots 3 arranged vertically and horizontally are formed so as to open to the front and protrude to the rear. 5 are raised. The seedling removal device 1 guides a pair of needle (chopsticks) -shaped seedling removal nails 4, a nail support 8 provided with the pair of seedling removal nails 4 at the tips thereof, and advancing and retreating of the pair of seedling removal nails 4. It has a claw guide 6, a holder 9 for supporting the claw support 8 and the claw guide 6 reciprocally in the longitudinal direction, respectively, and a claw operating mechanism 10 for appropriately operating the claw support 8 and the claw guide 6. ing.

The claw operating mechanism 10 reciprocates the seedling take-out claw 4 between the seedling tray 2 and the planting cylinder 43 while changing the posture, and supports the support frame 14 fixed on the apparatus frame 23. A crank body 52 is provided on the rotating shaft 51 of the supporting frame 14 and is driven to rotate counterclockwise in FIGS. 1 to 5 by the rotating power from the second PTO shaft 30. The crank body 52 has a crank pin 53 protruding laterally and a drive cam 62 provided coaxially with the crank body 52.

A lower portion of the swing arm 54 is pivotally connected to the support frame 14 below the crank body 52 by a swing shaft 54A. Direction)), and the groove pin 55 of the crank body 52 is formed in the groove cam 55.
3 is inserted and engaged. The groove cam 55 has a shape in which an inverted arc portion and a straight line portion are continuously formed at both ends of a central arc portion, and the arc portion and the inverted arc portion are connected by a smooth curve having no angular boundary. And the crank pin 53 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (a), the inner peripheral surface of the groove cam 55 has A → B → C
→ D → E → F.

A moving stroke of the tip of the seedling removal claw 4 is determined corresponding to each of the parts A to F. The boundary between the F and A strokes is point P1, and the boundary between the A and B strokes is point P.
2. Point P3 at the boundary between C and D processes, D and E
The boundary of the process is denoted by point P4. The groove cam 55 swings the swing arm 54 to remove the seedlings 5 with the soil to the transport device 34, and the distance of the EF stroke is short, while the groove cam 55 swings to supply the seedlings 5 with the soil to the planting device 35. Moving arm 54
The distance between the C and D strokes for swinging is set to be long, and a quick return mechanism is configured.

That is, when the reciprocating speed is compared, the reciprocation Y for removing the soiled seedling 5 from the pot portion 3 by the seedling removal claw 4 is accelerated and the soiled seedling 5 is removed from the pot portion 3. At the time of the forward stroke X to be transferred to the planting cylinder 43, the moving is performed at a slow speed so that the soild seedlings 5 are returned quickly while preventing them from falling during the transfer, thereby increasing the efficiency of seedling removal and supply. .

A holding member 9 is pivotally connected to the upper part of the swing arm 54 via a pin 54B. This holder 9 is a pin 5
The portion provided with 4B is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a pipe-shaped claw support 8 is guided through this cylindrical portion so as to be freely movable in the axial direction. It is possible to go out and toward the tray 2. A pair of seedling removal claws 4 that are pierced obliquely into the soiled seedlings 5 in the pot portion 3 are attached to the distal end of the nail support 8.

A roller 57 is attached to the holder 9 via a bracket 56 so as to freely rotate.
Is a cam groove 60 formed in a guide plate 59 which is swingably attached to the upper portion of the support frame 14 via a pin 58.
Is engaged. The guide plate 59 has a rolling roller 61 at the tip of a protruding arm. The rolling roller 61 is in contact with a driving cam 62, and the guide plate 59 is pinned by rotating the driving cam 62 counterclockwise. It is swingable about 58.

The swing of the guide plate 59 about the pin 58 is such that when the seedling removal claw 4 advances toward the pot portion 3,
Before the rush start point (see FIG. 2), insert the tip of the seedling removal claw 4 into the pin 5 so that the leaves of the soiled seedling 5 are scooped from below.
4B, the posture of the holder 9 according to the swing angle of the swing arm 54 (in particular, the relative angle of the holder 9 with respect to the swing arm 54) is regulated.

Also, when transferring the soiled seedling 5 taken out of the pot portion 3 above the planting tube 43 (from the state shown in FIG. 3 to the state shown in FIG. 4), the seedling removing claw 4 must be enlarged. It is moved rearward and downward, and is changed to a substantially downward posture, and the soild seedling 5 is set to a substantially vertical posture. For this purpose, the rear side (the left side in FIG. 3) of the cam groove 60 is configured to move the roller 57 in a direction away from the swing shaft 54A of the swing arm 54.

As shown in FIGS. 8 to 11, on the outer periphery of the claw support 8, the claw support 8 is retracted between the base 65 provided at the base end thereof and the cylindrical portion of the holder 9. A coil spring 66 biasing in the direction is interposed, and a claw attachment 67 is fitted and fixed to the front end of the claw support 8. The bases of the pair of seedling extraction nails 4 are pivotally supported by the nail attachment tool 67 as axes, respectively, via the shafts 4a or by bending the bases of the seedling extraction nails 4 at right angles. The tip can be swung so that the tip moves with respect to the claw attachment 67.

At the lower end of the holding body 9, an extrusion link 6 is provided.
8 is rotatably connected via a pin 69. A long groove (or long hole) 70 is formed at the distal end of the pushing link 68, and is engaged with a pin 71 provided on a protruding arm of the claw attachment 67. The extrusion link 68 is provided with a cam plate 73 having a substantially arc shape.
Can be brought into contact with the crank pin 53 of FIG. Crank pin 5
3 corresponds to the later stage of the F stroke, and when the swing arm 54 reaches the swing end on the side of the transport device 34 (see FIG. 2), the swinging crank pin 53 pushes the cam pin 73 through the cam plate 73. The link 68 is oscillated, and the claw attachment 67 and the claw support 8 are pushed against the holding body 9 toward the transport device 34 to compress the coil spring 66. As a result, the seedling removal nail 4 protrudes, and the nail support 8 has a restoring force for retreating.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a claw guide slidably inserted in the claw support 8, base 65, and claw attachment 67 in the longitudinal direction, and is formed of a round bar or the like.
The member forming 1 is attached across both seedling extraction claws 4,
An L-shaped plate-shaped operating member 76 is attached to the rear end, and a stopper 77 is fixed in the middle part.
A spring 78 is fitted between the two.

As shown in FIGS.
The two nail insertion holes 11a are formed in the guide portion 11 and the interval between the left and right nail insertion holes 11a is equal to the pivotal support interval K between the left and right seedling extraction nails 4.
(The interval between the shafts 4a serving as the pivot portions) is set to be narrower. Therefore, when the seedling extraction nail 4 and the nail guide 6 move relatively, the distance L between the nail tips of the seedling extraction nail 4 changes. That is, when the guide portion 11 is located at the tip end side of the seedling removal nail 4, the distance L between the nail tips is the widest. When the guide portion 11 is immobilized from this state and the seedling removal nail 4 is projected, the seedling removal Extraction claw 4
Is closer to the guide portion 11, and the distance L between the claw tips gradually decreases.

Therefore, when the seedling 5 with the soil is taken out from the pot portion 3, the tips of the left and right seedling take-out claws 4 approach each other while protruding, and move with respect to the left and right center lines S of the soiled seedling 5. It moves on an inclined and substantially straight orbit. Further, when the guide portion 11 of the nail guide 6 is moved from the position located at the base side of the seedling extracting nail 4 to the distal end side in a state where the seedling 5 with the seedling extracting nail 4 is taken out, the distance L between the nail tips becomes The guide portion 11 comes into contact with the soiled seedling 5 and pushes it out of the seedling removal claw 4 in parallel with the narrowed state. At this time, the tip of the seedling removal claw 4 with respect to the soiled seedling 5 comes out substantially in the same orbit as the trajectory that has entered, thereby minimizing damage to the soiled seedling 5 both at the time of entering and leaving.

When viewed from the front as shown in FIG. 8 or the like, the seedling removal nail 4 is positioned with respect to the center line S of the soiled seedling 5 in the pot portion 3.
The seedlings 5 are so inclined as to protrude farther on the surface side (opening edge side of the pot portion 3) and approach on the bottom side. Therefore, the soild seedlings 5 have a substantially truncated quadrangular pyramid shape.
The two seedling extraction claws 4 are pierced from the corner to the center of the bottom surface, so that the leaves and roots of the soiled seedling 5 are not pierced, and in addition, the tips of the left and right seedling extraction claws 4 are narrowed. 3 so as not to collide near the bottom.

8 to 11, an operating piece 81 is pivotally supported on the holder 9 via a shaft 82, and is urged clockwise in FIG. 8 by a spring.
It has a substantially T-shape having a book leg and both left and right arms. A lock portion 81A is formed on the left arm, a release portion 81B is formed on the right arm, and a pushing portion 81C is formed on the foot. The operating member 76 fixed to the claw guide 6 has a portion 76A parallel to the claw guide 6, and this portion 76A is guided by the holding body 9 in a detented state, and protrudes from the sliding surface. By engaging with the lock portion 81A of the operation piece 81, the movement of the claw guide 6 in the protruding direction is restricted.

A lock arm 83 is pivotally supported on the base 65 at the rear end of the claw support 8.
Is urged clockwise by a spring, and an engaged portion 83a which can be engaged with the engaging portion 9a of the holding body 9 on the front side.
, An inclined surface 83b, and a projection 83c protruding forward. The claw support 8 is held in a state where the engaged portion 83a of the lock arm 83 is engaged with the engaging portion 9a of the holding member 9 in a protruding state, and the locking portion is rotated by the operation piece 81 rotating. When the lock of the operating member 76 with the portion 76A by the 81A is released, the claw guide 6 projects, and the portion 76A comes into contact with the inclined surface 83b.
Even if the disengaged portion 83a is disengaged from the engaging portion 9a and the disengagement is incomplete, the release portion 81B pushes up the projection 83c by further rotating the operation piece 81, and the engaged portion 8a is disengaged.
3a is forcibly disengaged from the engaging portion 9a.

The pushing portion 81C of the operating piece 81 is rotated by coming into contact with a lock releasing member 84 provided on the guide plate 59 so as to be adjustable in position. When the slider 4 moves to the state shown in FIG. 4 in which the hook 4 is moved substantially downward, it comes into contact with the unlocking member 84 to protrude the claw guide 6, and then the claw support 8 is retracted with the claw guide 6. The lock release member 84 is formed by a bolt or a pin.

The holding body 9, the crank body 52, the driving cam 62, the swing arm 54, the guide plate 59 and the pushing link 6
8 while supporting the claw guide 6 and the claw support 8, etc., while changing the posture from the seedling take-out posture facing the pot portion 3 of the seedling tray 2 to the substantially downward seedling detaching posture facing the planting cylinder 43, A claw operating mechanism 10 is configured to take out the soiled seedling 5 in the take-out attitude and drop the soiled seedling 5 in the seedling detaching attitude.

The operating piece 8 having the lock portion 81A
1. When the claw guide 6 is moved to the claw tip side by the operating member 76 and the lock arm 83, the claw support 8 and the claw guide 6
The return interlocking means 12 is configured to simultaneously retract the claw support 8 by the operating piece 81 having the release portion 81B, the lock arm 83, and the like. Have been.

The transport device 34 includes a movable frame (not shown) supported on a support frame fixed to the device frame 23 via a guide rail.
The movable frame is disposed so as to be inclined forward and downward, and the seedling tray 2 is loaded from the upper side of the movable frame along the rear surface of the movable frame so that the opening of the pot portion 3 faces forward and upward, and the movable frame is moved laterally. , And is vertically fed in the movable frame.

As shown in FIG. 7, the movable frame is provided with a support plate 93 for supporting and guiding the bottom of the seedling tray 2 (that is, the bottom of the pot 3) over the pots 3 in a horizontal row. The support plate 93 extends to the pot portion 3 at a position where the seedlings 5 with which the seedlings are taken out by the seedling take-out nails 4 are taken out. The backing member 89 prevents the seedling tray 2 from bending when piercing the seedling, and allows the seedling extraction claw 4 to stably extract the soiled seedling 5.

A lateral feed shaft 102 having an endless spiral groove is rotatably supported on the support frame, and power from the seedling extracting device 1 can be transmitted to the lateral feed shaft 102. A lateral feed mechanism 103 for laterally feeding the movable frame is provided between the shaft 102 and the movable frame,
The movable frame can be reciprocated horizontally in the left-right direction by substantially the entire width of the seedling tray 2 by the lateral feed mechanism 103.

A horizontal shaft 94 is rotatably mounted below the movable frame. A pair of left and right vertical feed wheels 95 are provided on the horizontal shaft 94 via a one-way clutch. A chain 97 is mounted around a driven wheel provided on an upper portion of a movable frame, and a transport pin 98 that engages with a gap between the pot portions 3 in the vertical direction is attached to the chain 97.

A distance corresponding to one pitch between the pot portions of the seedling tray 2 when the movable frame which has been fed horizontally reaches the end of its left and right movement, between the horizontal feed shaft 102 and the horizontal shaft 94. Only the chain 9 via the vertical feed wheel 95
7 is intermittently moved, and the vertical feeding wheel 95, the chain 97, the transport pin 98, the intermittent feeding means 99, etc., feed the seedling tray 2 after the horizontal feeding.
An intermittent vertical feed mechanism 100 that feeds vertically by a pitch is configured.

Next, the operation of picking the seedlings 4 by the claw operating mechanism 10 will be described. FIGS. 1 to 5 show the seedling removal process (forward stroke) from the time when the seedling removal nail 4 is pierced into the soiled seedling 5 to the time when the soiled seedling 5 is dropped above the planting tube 37. The trajectory X of the tip of the nail 4 is indicated by a dashed-dotted line, and the trajectory Y of the tip of the seedling removal nail 4 in the return stroke is indicated by a dashed-dotted line.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, a pair of seedling removal claws 4 located apart from each other with respect to soiled seedlings 5 in the pot portion 3 of the seedling tray 2 are moved from below the leaves as shown in FIGS. A process in which the seedling 5 is advanced in a state of being inclined with respect to the center line S of the soiled seedling 5 while scooping and enters the seedling soil (root bowl); A B process in which the pot portion 3 is taken out halfway to the depth; and a C process in which the posture of the seedling removal claw 4 is changed and moved from within the pot portion 3 to shift from a position facing the seedling tray 2 to a substantially downward position; Following the stroke, the seedling removal claw 4 is moved to a substantially downward posture facing the planting cylinder 43, and at its final position, the relative movement between the seedling removal claw 4 and the claw guide 6 guiding the same. ,
A D step of detaching the soiled seedling 5 from the seedling removal nail 4 and dropping and supplying it to the planting cylinder 43 and retracting the seedling removal nail 4;
An E step of resuming the seedling removal nail 4 after leaving the seedling 5 with soil;
Following the E-stroke, there is an F-stroke in which the seedling removal claw 4 is moved backward from the substantially downward posture to the posture facing the seedling tray 2 until the A-stroke.

In the state shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the holding body 9 is
Is the position (point P1) at which the tip of the guide portion 11 approaches the seedling tray 2 while scooping up the leaves of the soiled seedling 5 from below, and the seedling is kept until this state is reached. The swing of the swing arm 54 that raises the take-out claw 4 is decelerating, and the crank pin 53 starts to contact the cam plate 73 from the latter half of the F stroke (slightly before the point P1).

From the point P1, the crank pin 53 rotates in the central arc of the groove cam 55 of the swing arm 54 (A
The swing arm 54 does not swing and remains stationary, and the crank pin 53 swings the push link 68 around the pin 69 via the cam plate 73, and the pawl attachment 67. The nail support 8 and the seedling removal nail 4 are advanced toward the soild seedling 5 in the pot portion 3.

Therefore, the late stage of the raising of the seedling removal nail 4 and the initial stage of the forward movement are overlapped, and the trajectory at the point P1 is arc-shaped, as compared with the case of moving forward after rising.
At the point P1, the seedling removal claw 4 is slightly separated from the leaves of the soiled seedling 5, so that the movement speed does not decrease so much and the movement is smooth. At this time, as shown in FIG. 8, the claw guide 6 is immobile because the operating member 76 is in contact with the operating piece 81, and the springs 66 and 78 are compressed by the advance of the base 65, and the lock arm 83 The engaged portion 83a engages with the engaging portion 9a of the holding body 9 to prevent the returning operation.

Further, since the seedling removal claw 4 advances with respect to the immovable guide portion 11, the pair of left and right seedling removal claws 4 is restricted by the claw insertion holes 11a of the guide portion 11 which are narrower than the pivot portion spacing K. The tip of the take-out claw 4 pierces the soiled seedling 5 while moving forward and narrowing the distance L between the claw tips. In a side view, the piercing direction of the seedling removal nail 4 is inclined with respect to the center line S of the soiled seedling 5, and does not pierce the stem and root of the seedling.

In this piercing state, the right and left seedling removal claws 4
Changes from a two-dot chain line state to a solid line state in FIG. 11 and changes from a wide V-shape to a narrow V-shape. V of this seedling removal nail 4
In the character state, the seedlings with soil 5 are less likely to come out than in the case of the parallel shape, and can be taken out of the pot portion 3 strongly. 5 is not damaged.

When the crank body 52 rotates after the seedling removal claw 4 pierces the soiled seedling 5, the crankpin 5
The swing arm 54 swings to the left through 3, and the seedling removal claw 4 and the claw guide 6 are both retracted rearward and upward to be separated from the seedling tray 2 (B stroke). As a result, the trajectory of the piercing and detaching of the seedling extraction nail 4 becomes a substantially V-shaped trajectory. Then, it moves on the forward movement trajectory X through the state of FIG. Groove cam 5
5 is opposite to the arc of the A stroke in the B stroke, so that the swing arm 54 swings at a high speed.

During the movement on the forward movement trajectory X, the roller 9 provided on the holding body 9 is guided by the cam groove 60 of the guide plate 59, whereby the seedling picking claw 4 and the claw guide 6 are placed in a substantially horizontal picking posture. Is changed to the substantially downward separating posture shown in FIG. 4 (C stroke). The starting point Q of the C process is that the seedling removal claw 4 is in the pot portion 3 and the soiled seedling 5 is being removed from the pot portion 3, that is, halfway in the depth of the pot portion 3. Before completely exiting from the pot portion 3, the posture change of the seedling removal claw 4 in the C stroke to the substantially downward posture and the shift to the planting tube 43 side are started.

The transition from the B-stroke to the C-stroke is smooth, and the B-stroke is shortened.
Further, since the posture of the seedling 5 with the soil is changed in the pot portion 3, the collision of the bottom portion of the seedling soil with the pot portion 3 is avoided. The change of the posture of the seedling removal claw 4 in the C stroke is achieved by the cam groove 60 having a rising edge on the left side in FIG. 3, and the starting point Q of the C stroke changes the rising starting point of the cam groove 60. Can be adjusted. Also,
The posture of the seedling removal claw 4 is changed by the drive cam 62 using the guide plate 59.
Can be achieved by swinging upward, and can be combined with the shape of the cam groove 60.

When the roller 57 moves to the vicinity of the rear end of the cam groove 60 (FIG. 3), the pushing portion 81C of the operating piece 81 is moved.
Starts to contact the unlocking member 84. Even in the C stroke, the groove cam 55 is oriented in the opposite direction to the arc in the A stroke, and the swing arm 54 swings at a high speed at the beginning of the C stroke, but the center of the arc is on the same side as the rotary shaft 51 in the latter half. , The swing speed of the swing arm 54 is reduced to a low speed over time.

At the point P3 between the C stroke and the D stroke, arcs of opposite directions are continuous with each other without any step, and the swing arm 5 has a shape similar to the C stroke until the beginning of the D stroke.
4 is not accelerated and the crank body 52 and the swing arm 54 are at a substantially right angle. Therefore, the tip of the seedling removal claw 4 is decelerated to a substantially stopped state. Sometimes, the return interlocking means 12 operates.

The time when the vehicle is decelerated into the substantially stopped state after entering the D stroke is the latter half of the transition from the posture in which the seedling removal claw 4 is opposed to the posture in which the seedling tray is opposed to the planting cylinder, and the speed is sufficiently low. In addition, the inertia force of the seedling removal claw 4 is also attenuated. FIG. 6B shows the locus of the tip of the seedling removal nail 4 at intervals of a predetermined time. The operating piece 81 is the unlocking member 84
When the rotation is started (operation of the return interlocking means 12), the lock portion 81A unlocks the operation member 76,
The claw guide 6 is resiliently protruded by the spring 78 which has been compressed, and as shown in a two-dot chain line in FIG. 4 and FIG. 9, advances to the claw tip side with respect to the immovable seedling removal claw 4. The pierced soiled seedling 5 is pushed out and detached.

At this time, the guide portion 11 of the nail guide 6 is brought into contact with the shoulder portion of the seedling soil on a large surface without damaging the soild seedling 5. It falls toward the planting cylinder 43 and is delivered. When the claw guide 6 is protruded, the unlocked operating member 76 moves integrally, and as shown in FIG. 9, the portion 76A comes into contact with the inclined surface 83b of the lock arm 83 and the engaged portion 83a
And the engagement of the engagement portion 9a is released. Therefore, the claw support 8 held in the protruding state is elastically retracted by the spring 66 in the compressed state (the latter half of the D stroke).

At this time, the operating member 7 at the rear end of the claw guide 6
6 is in contact with the back surface of the base 65 via the cushion 88, so that the claw guide 6 is also retracted with the retraction of the claw support 8, and both are quickly retracted by the spring 66. The contact of the nail guide 6 with the leaves is avoided as much as possible. If the portion 76A cannot lift the inclined surface 83b of the lock arm 83 for some reason such as the movement resistance of the claw guide 6 is too large, the roller 5
7 moves to the rear end of the cam groove 60, the operating piece 81 is further rotated by the lock release member 84, and the release portion 81B
Then, the lock arm 83 is rotated via the projection 83c (operation of the security means 13), and the engaged portion 83a is forcibly disengaged from the engaging portion 9a, and the retreat of the seedling removal claw 4 is ensured. Thus, even if the seedling 5 on the seedling removal nail 4 cannot be detached by the nail guide 6, the seedling removal nail 4 retreats and comes off the soiled seedling 5 by hitting the nail guide 6. Become.

Then, as shown in FIG. 5, both the seedling removal claw 4 and the claw guide 6 return to the retracted positions, and the operating member 76 is in a lockable state. The rotation of the crank body 52 from this state is performed by swinging the swing arm 54 rightward (strokes EF) and moving the holding body 9 while changing the posture to the state of FIG. Is quickly returned on the backward movement trajectory Y. In this movement on the backward movement trajectory Y, the drive cam 6 is moved from just before the seedling removal claw 4 and the claw guide 6 approach the seedling tray 2 (late movement).
The protrusion 2 acts on the roller 61 of the guide plate 59, and is suddenly changed from a downward position to a substantially horizontal position, so that the leaves of the soiled seedling 5 are scooped or scooped under the leaves. At the start position of the rush, so that there are no leaves on the projecting trajectory of the seedling removal claw 4.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be variously modified. For example,
Although the transplanting device 23 of the transplanting machine 21 is configured as a self-propelled walking type, it can be configured as a riding type mounted on a traveling vehicle, or can be configured as a single-row plant or two or more multi-row plants. .
Further, by changing the shape of the groove cam 55 of the swing arm 54, it is also possible to release the soiled seedling 5 without increasing the speed of the seedling removal claw 4 during the D stroke. Further, when the seedling extraction nail 4 is taken out of the potted seedlings 5 in the pot portion 3 and the seedling extraction nail 4 is pierced at a position close to the center line S and is pulled out along the same locus, the start of the C process is performed. It is also possible to perform it before the 4 comes out of the pot portion 3.

FIGS. 13 to 16 show the details of the planting device 35. The planting device 35 is provided with a ridge 7 for planting the soiled seedlings 5 supplied from the seedling removal device 1 on the ridges 7 at predetermined intervals.
Tube 43 pierced with respect to, and oscillating link mechanism 11 for vertically moving and vertically moving planted tube 43
0. The swing link mechanism 110 is
A first parallel link 111 whose upper end is pivotally supported by the movable frame 41 so that the lower end can freely swing back and forth is provided. A swing plate 112 is pivotally connected to the lower end of the first parallel link 111, and this swing is performed. The moving plate 112 has the second parallel link 11
3 is pivotally connected to the rear end of the second parallel link 113, and the planting cylinder 43 is pivotally connected to the rear end of the second parallel link 113.

The distal end of a crank arm 117 provided on a left-right drive shaft 116 provided on the movable frame 41 is pivotally connected to the upper link 114 of the second parallel link 113. A cam 1 is provided at the tip of the crank arm 117.
18 is provided, and is adapted to rotate together with the crank arm 117. The rotation of the crank arm 117 via the drive shaft 116 by the power from the first PTO shaft 29 causes the first and second parallel links 111 and 113 to move the planting tube 43 back and forth while moving up and down. A substantially elliptical locus (shown in FIG. 17) is drawn,
When piercing the planting tube 43 into the ridge 7 while running,
The planting cylinder 43 does not substantially move forward with respect to the field.

In FIGS. 14 to 16, the planting cylinder 43 has an upper cylinder 43A having a rectangular opening in a plan view and an upper cylinder 43A. Are provided.
A bell crank 122 is pivotally supported on the upper link 114. The bell crank 122 is provided at one end with a roller 123 that engages with the cam 118, and at the other end with the front opener 1.
A link 124 that is linked to and linked to 21 is connected so that the pair of openers 121 can be opened and closed by turning the cam 118.

The opener 121 forms a planting hole when it enters the ridge 7 at the bottom dead center of the locus of the planting tube 43, and when the cam 118 rotates downward, the bell crank It is opened forward and backward by the rotation of 122 so that the seedling 5 with soil can be planted in the planting hole. The opening timing of the opener 121 can be changed by changing the phase of the cam 118 with respect to the bell crank 122 or by changing the shape of the cam 118. Further, by changing the projecting shape of the cam 118, the opening amount of the opener 121 can be changed, and the size of the soiled seedling 5 to be planted can be accommodated. The front and rear openers 121 are always urged in the closing direction by a tension spring.

The upper tube 43A of the planting tube 43 is provided with front and rear guide members 126 and 127. Front guide body 12
Numeral 6 denotes an arc shape slightly protruding forward and upward from the inside of the upper cylinder 43A.
It is a guide to the inside of 21. The rear guide body 127 projects greatly rearward and upward from the inside of the upper tube 43A, and the protruding portion 127A has an arc shape, and the planting tube 43 receives the seedling 5 with soil from the seedling removal claw 4 at a substantially upper dead center. When the seedling is reached, it follows the forward movement trajectory X of the seedling removal nail 4, guides the bottom surface of the soiled seedling 5 during the D-stroke movement, and the soiled seedling 5 falls unintentionally from the seedling extraction nail 4. This is to guide you to prevent this.

The upper cylinder 43A is formed in the shape of a rectangular cylinder, and the front and rear guides 126 and 127 extend outward from the front and rear edges of the upper cylinder.
May be integrally protruded. 17 to 19 show a modification of the planting device 35, and the rear guide 1 of the planting cylinder 43.
An upper portion 29 is pivotally supported by a rear upper portion of the upper tube 43A of the planting tube 43, and a lower portion thereof extends down to the inside of the opener 121, and covers a scraper opening 130 of the opener 121.

The scraper means 1 is located on the rear side of the planting tube 43.
31 is provided, and when the planting cylinder 49 is inserted into the ridge 7 to plant the seedlings 5 with soil, and is moved up by the swing link mechanism 110, the outer scraper portion 132 is attached to the outer surface of the opener 121. While scraping off the attached soil,
The inner scraper portion 133 enters the inside of the opener 121 through the scraper opening 130 and scrapes off the soil attached to the inner surface.

The rear guide body 129 covers the scraper opening 130 of the opener 121 so that the soiled seedling 5 transferred into the planting cylinder 43 is caught by the scraper opening 130 and deteriorates in the posture of entering the opener 121. And the intrusion of the inner scraper portion 133 is allowed.

The mounting pin 120 for supporting the front and rear openers 121 is supported by the upper cylinder 43A via a support 136. The support 136 is provided with bolts 137 on the upper cylinder 43A.
, But as shown in FIG.
The bolt holes of the support 136 are elongated holes 138 in the vertical direction, so that the support height of each of the front and rear openers 121 can be independently changed.

As described above, the support height of the front and rear openers 121 can be independently changed, so that the center line of the opener 121 can be inclined with respect to the center line of the upper cylinder 43A. Even if the center line of the upper cylinder 43A is inclined from the perpendicular to the ridge 7 due to the assembly tolerance of the cylinder 43A and the front and rear openers 121, play, etc., the opener 121 can be adjusted to be perpendicular to the ridge 7. it can. Conversely, the opener 121 may be intentionally angled with respect to the ridges 7 to prevent the soil from being caught when the ascent is performed.

The lower part of the front and rear openers 121 forms a substantially conical space inside, but has a wing 121A protruding in the left-right direction on the outside. Is larger than the soiled seedling 5, the bottom of the planting hole is formed into a square shape by rushing into the ridge 7 and opening, so that the soiled seedling 5 can enter the bottom of the planting hole. Further, by forming the wing portion 121A, the plate material is not involved when the lower portion of the opener 121 is formed into a conical shape, so that the inner surface of the lower portion of the opener 121 is formed smoothly, and the adhesion of soil is reduced and the scraper means is formed. Cleaning by 131 is also ensured.

[0070]

According to the present invention described in detail above, the step of shifting the substantially downward posture is started from the middle of the retraction of the seedling removal nail 4 from the inside of the pot portion 3, so that the seedling removal nail 4 retreats from the pot portion. The movement until it becomes a substantially downward posture becomes smooth,
Implantation speed can be increased. Further, after the seedling removal claw 4 is pierced into the soiled seedling 5 in the pot portion 3, it is retracted rearward and upward so as to form a substantially V-shaped trajectory, and the posture is substantially downward from the middle of being retracted from the pot portion 3. Since the change is started and the shift to the planting tube 43 side is started, the seedling removal nail 4 is pierced into the soiled seedling 5 so as not to damage the leaves.
Even if the seedlings are retracted rearward and upward so as to form a character-like trajectory, it is possible to prevent the seedling soil at the time of removal from colliding with the pot portion 3.

Further, with respect to the soiled seedlings 5 in the pot portion 3 of the seedling tray 2, a pair of seedling removal claws 4 located apart from each other are scooped up from the lower side of the leaf and are moved to the center line S of the soiled seedlings 5. A that moves forward on a slope and enters the seedling soil
And a B step of removing the pierced soiled seedling 5 to the middle of the pot portion 3 depth by retreating the seedling removal claw 4 backward and upward;
A C-stage in which the posture of the seedling removal nail 4 is changed and moved from within the pot portion 3 to shift from a position facing the seedling tray 2 to a substantially downward position; and following the C-stage, the seedling removal nail 4 is moved and planted. It shifts to a substantially downward posture facing the attachment tube 43, and detaches the soiled seedling 5 from the seedling extraction nail 4 by the relative movement of the seedling extraction nail 4 and the nail guide 6 guiding it at the final position. D process of dropping and feeding the seedling removal claw 4 while dropping and supplying the seedling removal claw 4 to the planting cylinder 43; E process of returning the seedling removal claw 4 after leaving the seedling 5 with soil; and A process following the E process. A reciprocating process in which the seedling removal claw 4 is changed from a substantially downward position to a position facing the seedling tray 2 and moved back, so that the transplanting speed can be increased, and the seedling removal claw 4 is obliquely pierced into the soiled seedling 5. Even if the seedlings are removed backward and then retreated upward, It can be avoided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention immediately before taking out a seedling.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional front view of the seedling removing device immediately before removing the seedling.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional front view immediately after removing the seedling.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional front view immediately before detachment of the seedling.

FIG. 5 is a sectional front view immediately after detachment of the seedling.

FIG. 6 (a) is a front view of a swing arm according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 (b) is an explanatory view showing a trajectory of a tip of a seedling picking nail using the swing arm at intervals of a predetermined time. is there.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a relationship between a seedling removal device and a transport device.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional front view of a main part of the seedling removal device when piercing a seedling.

FIG. 9 is a sectional front view of a main part of the seedling removal device when the seedling is detached.

FIG. 10 is a sectional front view of a main part of the seedling removal device before piercing a seedling.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional plan view of a main part of the seedling removal device when piercing a seedling.

FIG. 12 is a rear view of a main part of the seedling removal device.

FIG. 13 is an overall front view of the transplanter.

FIG. 14 is a front view of the planting device.

FIG. 15 is a sectional front view of the planting cylinder.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a planting cylinder.

FIG. 17 is a front view showing a modification of the planting device.

FIG. 18 is a sectional front view of a planting cylinder according to a modification.

FIG. 19 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a transplanting cylinder according to a modified example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Seedling removal apparatus 2 Seedling tray 3 Pot part 4 Seedling removal claw 5 Seedling with soil 6 Claw guide 8 Claw support 9 Holder 10 Claw operating mechanism 21 Transplanter 34 Transfer device 35 Planting device 43 Planting cylinder 54 Swing arm 55 Groove cam S center line

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Akio Hamada 64, Ishizukita-cho, Sakai-shi, Osaka Kubota Sakai Works Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-6-311805 (JP, A) JP-A-4- 330211 (JP, A) JP-A-9-19207 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01C 11/00-11/02 303 A01C 11/02 370-387

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pot portion (3) in a seedling tray (2)
With respect to the soiled seedling (5) inside, the seedling removal nail (4) is advanced to enter the soiled seedling (5), and is retreated to take out the pierced soiled seedling (5). After shifting (4) from the position facing the seedling tray (2) to the substantially downward position facing the planting tube (43), the soiled seedling (5) is detached from the seedling removal claw (4) and planted. A method for removing seedlings of a transplanter which is supplied by dropping to a cylinder (43), characterized in that a substantially downward posture transition process is started from the middle of retreating the seedling removal claw (4) from within the pot portion (3). How to remove seedlings from transplanter. 2. After the seedling removal nail (4) pierces the soiled seedling (5) in the pot part (3), it is retracted upward and rearward so as to form a substantially V-shaped locus, and the pot part (3). 2) The method for removing seedlings of a transplanter according to claim 1, wherein the posture change is started to a substantially downward posture while the body is retreated from the inside, and the shift to the planting tube (43) side is started. 3. A pot portion (3) in a seedling tray (2).
With respect to the soiled seedling (5), a pair of seedling removal claws (4) positioned apart from each other are scooped up from the lower side of the leaf while being inclined with respect to the center line (S) of the soiled seedling (5). (A) the process of moving forward and entering the seedling soil; and removing the pierced soiled seedling (5) to the middle of the depth of the pot part (3) by retreating upward after the seedling removal claw (4) (B) And (C) the process of changing the position of the seedling removal claw (4) from within the pot portion (3) and moving the same to a downward position from the position facing the seedling tray (2). ) Following the stroke, the seedling removal claw (4) is moved to a substantially downward position facing the planting tube (43), and at its final position, the seedling removal claw (4) and the claw guiding it. With relative movement with the guide (6), the soild seedling (5) is detached from the seedling removal nail (4) and the planting cylinder (43)
(D) the process of retracting the seedling removal nail (4) and retreating the seedling removal nail (4);
(E) step; and following this step (E), the seedling extraction claw (4) is moved backward from the substantially downward position to the position facing the seedling tray (2) until the (A) step ( F)
A method for removing seedlings from a transplanter, comprising: