JP3234456B2 - How to remove seedlings from transplanter - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for removing seedlings of a transplanting machine for transplanting vegetables such as cabbage, lettuce, Chinese cabbage, broccoli and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Vegetable transplanters for raising seedlings in seedling trays having pot portions in a vertical and horizontal lattice arrangement, and taking out soiled seedlings from the pot portions and transplanting them are known. ing. As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 4-330211, this type of vegetable transplanter has a main configuration in which a pair of seedling removal claws that can enter a soiled seedling in a pot portion of a seedling tray, and a pair of seedling removal claws. A nail support provided at the distal end of the seedling extraction nails apart from each other, a pair of nail guides for guiding the pair of seedling extraction nails to advance and retreat, and a holder for supporting the nail support and the nail guides in a reciprocating manner. And a claw operating mechanism for reciprocating the claw support and the claw guide.

[0003] Then, the seedling removal claw is inserted into the soiled seedling from the opening side of the pot portion and retreated, so that the soiled seedling is taken out from the opening portion of the pot portion, and the taken soiled seedling is raised to above the planting device. After transferring, the nail support and the nail guide are set in a substantially downward position corresponding to the planting cylinder, the nail guide is moved to the tip side of the seedling extraction nail, and the soild seedling extracted with the seedling extraction nail is removed from the seedling extraction nail. It detaches and falls and supplies it to the planting device.

[0004]

In the transplanting machine, it is required to increase the transplanting speed. In order to speed up the removal of the seedlings, the return operation of the seedling removal claw after detaching the soiled seedlings. Is thought to be faster, but that alone has its limitations, and sufficient speedup cannot be obtained. Therefore, it is conceivable to increase the speed even in the process of taking out the soiled seedling from the pot portion and supplying it to the planting tube, but if the seedling removal claw is moved at a high speed in this supply process, it will face the planting tube. Since the inertial force acts upon moving to the position, it is difficult to normally deliver the soild seedling.

[0005] In particular, when the return stroke of the seedling removal claw is accelerated by using a grooved cam acting as a cam, the speed is greatly increased just before stopping in the delivery process, and the delivery posture of the soiled seedling is deteriorated by inertia. Sometimes. For example, as shown in the comparative example of FIG. 15, the swing arm 54 'shown in FIG. 15A has a groove cam 55' acting as a cam, and a middle part of the groove cam 55 'is formed in an arc. When the swing arm 54 'is employed in the seedling removal apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1, the return stroke (return stroke) is faster than the transfer stroke (forward stroke), and the trajectory of the tip of the seedling removal claw is formed into an approximately 8-shaped shape. Can be migrated.

That is, a pair of seedling removal claws located apart from each other in the pot portion of the seedling tray in the pot portion are moved forward while scooping up from the lower side of the leaf to enter the seedling soil by an A 'stroke and a piercing process. B ′ process of removing the soiled seedling by retreating the seedling removal nail, and C ′ process of moving the seedling removal nail from the position facing the seedling tray and shifting to a substantially downward position,
The C 'subsequent to the step to transition into a substantially flat position facing the planting tube to move the seedling taking out nails, and a relative movement between the pawl guide that guides it and seedling taking out pawl in its final position A D 'step for detaching the seedlings with soil from the seedling removal nails and dropping and supplying them to the planting tube, and retreating the seedling removal nails; and an E' step for returning the seedling removal nails after removal of the soiled seedlings; Following the E 'stroke, there is an F' stroke in which the seedling removal claw 4 is moved backward from the substantially downward posture to a posture facing the seedling tray 2 until the A 'stroke.

[0007] Looking at the speed change of the tip of the seedling removal nail from a little before the B 'stroke to the middle of the D' stroke, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. Although it is made, instead of decelerating and moving to the D 'stroke as it is, an extremely large speed increase will occur once,
Gives large inertia to soild seedlings. This is a groove cam 55 '
Point P from the straight part of the C 'stroke to the arc part of the D' stroke
Since the switching is performed at 3, the swing arm 54 'is presumed to be caused by large swing. In view of such various demands and problems, the present invention is to shift the first half at a high speed and shift the second half at a low speed when shifting the seedling extraction claw from the seedling tray facing position to the planting tube facing position. By
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for removing seedlings of a transplanter, which can increase the working speed while reducing the inertial force at the time of delivery of soiled seedlings.

[0008]

A first concrete means for solving the problem in the present invention is that the seedlings 5 in the pot portion 3 of the seedling tray 2 are located apart from each other.
A pair of seedling taking out pawl 4 is moved forward while scooping from the underside of the leaf projects into the soil with seedling 5, taken out soil with seedlings 5 pierced by leaving the seedling taking out pawl 4, seedling trays the seedling taking out pawl 4 After the first half high-speed shift and the second half low-speed shift from the position facing 2 to the substantially downward position facing the planting tube 43,
Relative movement between the seedling removal claw 4 and the claw guide 6 guiding it
Rutotomoni then be dropped and fed from the seedling taking out pawl 4 disengaged soil with seedlings 5 to planting tube 43 at dynamic seedlings extraction pawl 4 and the pawl guide 6
It is a call to retract the.

Thus, the seedling removal claw 4 is set to a low speed state in the latter half, so that a large inertial force is not applied to the soiled seedling 5 at the time of delivery, and thus the seedling is supplied to the planting cylinder 43 without deterioration in posture. The second concrete means for solving the problem in the present invention is, in addition to the first concrete means, detaching the soiled seedling 5 after the low-speed shift in the latter half to remove the seedling removal nail 4 and the nail guide.
That is, the seedling removal claw 4 is kept in a substantially stopped state until 6 is retracted . Thereby, the seedling removal claw 4 is smoothly decelerated, and the inertial force applied to the soiled seedling 5 is sufficiently reduced.

A third specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is to provide a pair of seedling removal claws 4 located apart from each other with respect to soiled seedlings 5 in the pot portion 3 of the seedling tray 2.
A step in which the seedlings are moved forward while being picked up from the lower side of the leaves to enter the seedling soil; a B step in which the stabbed soiled seedlings 5 are removed by retreating the seedling removal nails 4; moves in a substantially flat position facing the C stroke followed by planting by moving the seedling taking out pawl 4 at low speed tube 43; move in a posture or al high speed to C stroke and to move to a substantially flat position and and a relative movement between the pawl guide 6 that guides it and seedling takeout arm 4 in its final position, the subsequent the rewritable dropped and fed from the seedling taking out pawl 4 disengaged soil with seedlings 5 to planting tube 43 A D step for retreating the seedling removal nail 4 and the nail guide 6 ; and moving the seedling removal nail 4 after leaving the seedling 5 with soil from substantially downward to the seedling tray 2.
E-stroke to move back at high speed while changing to posture ;
Following the process, an F process in which the seedling extraction claw 4 is further changed to a position facing the seedling tray 2 and is moved back to the A process at a high speed;
It is to have.

Thus, when the seedlings 5 with soil are supplied to the planting cylinder 43, the seedling removal claw 4 is stopped from a low speed state, so that a large inertia force is not applied to the seedlings 5 with soil, and Of the seedling removal nail 4 can be accelerated, and the entire seedling removal operation can be accelerated.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 14, the vegetable transplanter 21
The steering wheel 20 is provided at the rear of the traveling vehicle (traveling body) 22.
This is a walking type having the above structure, in which soiled seedlings 5 are planted at predetermined intervals on ridges covered with a multi-film while running in the longitudinal direction across the ridges. Traveling vehicle 22
Is provided with a device frame 23, a gantry 24 provided at a front end of the device frame 23, and the like.
Is bent downward and fixed to the side of the gantry 24, and the rear is bent upward, and a steering handle 20 is attached to the rear.

An engine 25 is mounted on the gantry 24,
The engine 25 is covered with a hood 26, and a transmission case 27 is fixed to a rear portion of the gantry 24.
5 power is transmitted. The power input into the transmission case 27 is transmitted to a wheel transmission shaft 28 protruding left and right, and a first PTO shaft 29 provided rearward from the wheel transmission shaft 28 and protruding left and right. , And the second PTO shaft 30 projecting rearward and upward.

Right and left rear wheels 32 are supported at both left and right end portions of a wheel transmission shaft 28 via a transmission case 31 which can swing up and down around the axis thereof. The engine 2 is connected via a power transmission mechanism in the case 31.
5 is transmitted. In addition, a pair of left and right front wheels 33 and a ridge height detection roller 36 are provided at a front portion of the traveling vehicle 22. At the rear of the traveling vehicle 22, a transplant working unit 37 is provided.
Is provided. The transplanting operation section 37 includes a seedling supply device 39 and the soild seedling 5 supplied from the seedling supply device 39.
A planting device 35 for planting the ridges 4 with the planting cylinder 43,
A multi-film perforation device 38 and the like for preliminarily perforating a hole for transplantation in the multi-film are provided at positions where the seedlings are to be planted. The seedling supply device 39 is driven by the rotational power of the second PTO shaft 30, and the planting device 35 and the multi-perforation device 3
8 is driven by the rotational power of the first PTO shaft 29.

The planting cylinder 43 is provided with an openable / closable opener at a lower portion. The opener opens forward and backward when it enters the ridge at the lower end side of the elliptical locus to form a planting hole. Seedlings 5 supplied at the top of the track
Can be planted. The planting device 35 and the multi-film punching device 38
The first PTO shaft 29 is provided on a movable frame 41 supported to be vertically swingable. This movable frame 41
The rear end of the movable frame 41 is suspended from the apparatus frame 23 so that the position in the vertical direction can be adjusted.

In FIG. 1 to FIG.
A seedling tray 2 mounted on the device frame 23 and provided with a large number of pots 3 in which the seedlings 5 with the soil are raised.
From the seedling tray 2 on the conveying device 34, and the seedlings 5 with soil are taken out one by one by the seedling removal claw 4 from the seedling tray 2 on the conveying device 34. And a seedling removal device 1 for transferring the attached seedlings 5 above the planting device 35 and dropping them into the planting cylinder 43. The seedling tray 2 is made of resin and has flexibility, and a large number of pots 3 arranged vertically and horizontally are formed so as to open to the front and protrude to the back. Have been.

The seedling removal device 1 comprises a pair of needle (chopstick) -shaped seedling removal nails 4, a nail support 8 provided with the pair of seedling removal nails 4 at their tips, and a reciprocation of the pair of seedling removal nails 4. Guide 6, a claw support 8 and a holder 9 for supporting the claw guide 6 in a reciprocating manner in the longitudinal direction, and a claw operating mechanism 10 for appropriately operating the claw support 8 and the claw guide 6. have. The claw operation mechanism 10 reciprocates the seedling removal claw 4 between the seedling tray 2 and the planting cylinder 43 while changing the posture, and includes a support frame 14 fixed on an apparatus frame 23. The support frame 14 has a second
A crank body 52 that is driven to rotate counterclockwise in FIGS. 4 to 8 by the rotational power from the PTO shaft 30 is provided on the rotation shaft 51. The crank body 52 has a crank pin 53 protruding laterally and a drive cam 62 provided coaxially with the crank body 52.

A lower part of the swing arm 54 is pivotally connected to the support frame 14 below the crank body 52 by a swing shaft 54A. Direction)), and the groove pin 55 of the crank body 52 is formed in the groove cam 55.
3 is inserted and engaged. The groove cam 55 has a shape in which an inverted arc portion and a straight line portion are continuously formed at both ends of a central arc portion, and the arc portion and the inverted arc portion are connected by a smooth curve having no angular boundary. The crank pin 53 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (a), the inner peripheral surface of the groove cam 55 has A → B → C
→ D → E → F.

The movement of the tip of the seedling removal claw 4 is determined in correspondence with each of the parts A to F. The boundary between the F and A strokes is point P1, and the boundary between the A and B strokes is point P.
2. Point P3 at the boundary between C and D processes, D and E
The boundary of the process is denoted by point P4. The groove cam 55 swings the swing arm 54 to remove the seedlings 5 with the soil to the transport device 34, and the distance of the EF stroke is short, while the groove cam 55 swings to supply the seedlings 5 with the soil to the planting device 35. Moving arm 54
The distance between the C and D strokes for swinging is set to be long, and a quick return mechanism is configured.

That is, when the reciprocating speed is compared, when the return stroke Y for removing the soiled seedling 5 from the pot portion 3 by the seedling removal claw 4 is accelerated, the movement is accelerated, and the soiled seedling 5 is removed from the pot portion 3. At the time of the forward stroke X to be transferred to the planting cylinder 43, the moving is performed at a slow speed so that the soild seedlings 5 are returned quickly while preventing them from falling during the transfer, thereby increasing the efficiency of seedling removal and supply. . The holding body 9 is pivotally connected to the upper part of the swing arm 54 via a pin 54B. The holding member 9 is formed in a cylindrical shape at a portion where the pin 54B is provided, and a pipe-shaped claw support 8 is guided through this cylindrical portion so as to be axially movable. Can move toward and from the seedling tray 2 of the transport device 34. This nail support 8
A pair of seedling removal claws 4 that are pierced obliquely into the soiled seedlings 5 in the pot portion 3 are attached to the tips of the pots 3.

A roller 57 is attached to the holding body 9 via a bracket 56 so as to be freely rotatable.
Is a cam groove 60 formed in a guide plate 59 which is swingably attached to the upper portion of the support frame 14 via a pin 58.
Is engaged. The guide plate 59 has a rolling roller 61 at the tip of a protruding arm. The rolling roller 61 is in contact with a driving cam 62, and the guide plate 59 is pinned by rotating the driving cam 62 counterclockwise. It is swingable about 58. The swing of the guide plate 59 about the pin 58 is such that when the seedling extraction claw 4 advances toward the pot portion 3, the leaves of the soiled seedling 5 are lowered from just before the entry start point (see FIG. 4). The tip of the seedling removal claw 4 is swung around the pin 54 </ b> B so as to scoop from the side, and the posture of the holding body 9 according to the swing angle of the swing arm 54 (particularly, the swing arm (Relative angle of the holder 9 with respect to the holding member 54).

When transferring the seedlings 5 with soil taken out from the pot portion 3 to above the planting tube 43 (from the state shown in FIG. 5 to the state shown in FIG. 6), the seedling removing claws 4 are enlarged. It is moved rearward and downward, and is changed to a substantially downward posture, and the soild seedling 5 is set to a substantially vertical posture. For this purpose, the rear side (the left side in FIG. 5) of the cam groove 60 is shaped to move the roller 57 in a direction away from the swing shaft 54A of the swing arm 54. As shown in FIGS. 9 to 12, the outer periphery of the claw support 8 is provided between the base 65 provided at the base end thereof and the cylindrical portion of the holder 9 in a direction in which the claw support 8 is retracted. A biasing coil spring 66 is interposed, and a claw attachment 67 is fitted and fixed to the front end of the claw support 8.

A pair of seedling removal nails 4 is attached to the nail attachment 67.
Are pivotally supported as axes by bending the base of the seedling extraction nail 4 at a right angle via the shaft 4a, respectively, and the tips of the pair of seedling extraction nails 4 move far and near with respect to the nail attachment tool 67. Swingable. An extruding link 68 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the holder 9 via a pin 69. A long groove (or long hole) 70 is formed at the distal end of the pushing link 68, and is engaged with a pin 71 provided on a protruding arm of the claw attachment 67.

The pushing link 68 is provided with a substantially arcuate cam plate 73, which can contact the crank pin 53 of the crank body 52. When the crank pin 53 corresponds to the later stage of the F stroke, the swing arm 54
When the swinging end reaches the swinging end on the side 4 (see FIG. 4), the pushing link 68 is swung by the rotating crank pin 53 via the cam plate 73, and the pawl attachment 6
7 and the claw support 8 are pushed toward the conveying device 34 to compress the coil spring 66. As a result, the seedling removal nail 4 protrudes, and the nail support 8 has a restoring force for retreating.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a claw guide slidably inserted in the claw support 8, the base 65, and the claw attachment 67 in the longitudinal direction. The claw guide 6 is formed of a round bar or the like.
The member forming 1 is attached across both seedling extraction claws 4,
An L-shaped plate-shaped operating member 76 is attached to the rear end, and a stopper 77 is fixed in the middle part.
A spring 78 is fitted between the two. FIG. 11, 1
As shown in 2 and 14, the nail guide 6 is provided with two seedling removing nails 4.
The guide portion 11 is formed with two nail insertion holes 11a. The interval between the left and right nail insertion holes 11a is determined by the interval K between the pivoting portions of the right and left seedling removal nails 4 (the axis which is the pivoting portion). 4a).

Accordingly, when the seedling removal nail 4 and the nail guide 6 move relatively, the distance L between the nail tips of the seedling removal nail 4 changes. That is, when the guide part 11 is located on the tip side of the seedling removal nail 4, the distance L between the nail tips is the widest. When the guide part 11 is immobilized from this state and the seedling removal nail 4 is projected,
The base side of the seedling removal nail 4 approaches the guide part 11, and the distance L between the nail tips gradually narrows. Therefore, when the soiled seedlings 5 are taken out of the pot portion 3 and moved forward, the tips of the left and right seedling removal claws 4 approach each other while protruding, and are inclined with respect to the left and right center lines S of the soiled seedlings 5. It will move on a straight orbit.

In a state where the seedling 5 with the soil is taken out by the seedling take-out nail 4, the guide portion 11 of the nail guide 6 is moved from the position located at the base side of the seedling take-out nail 4 to the tip end side. The distance L increases from a narrow state to a wide state, and in parallel to this, the guide portion 11 abuts on the soiled seedling 5 and acts to push it out of the seedling removal claw 4. At this time, the seedling removal nail 4
Of the seedling 5 comes out in substantially the same orbit as the trajectory that has entered, thereby minimizing the damage of the soiled seedling 5 at the time of entry and withdrawal. In the front view shown in FIG. 9 and the like, the seedling removal claw 4 is farther from the center line S of the soiled seedling 5 in the pot portion 3 on the front surface side (opening edge side of the pot portion 3) and closer on the bottom surface side. The soild seedling 5 is in a substantially truncated quadrangular pyramid shape, so that two seedling removal claws 4 are pierced from two corners below the surface to the center of the bottom surface, and The leaves and roots of the attached seedlings 5 are not pierced and, in addition, the tips of the right and left seedling removal claws 4 are narrowed, so that they do not collide with the vicinity of the bottom of the pot portion 3.

9 to 12, an operating piece 81 is pivotally supported on the holding body 9 via a shaft 82, and is urged clockwise in FIG. 9 by a spring.
It has a substantially T-shape having a book leg and both left and right arms. A lock portion 81A is formed on the left arm, a release portion 81B is formed on the right arm, and a pushing portion 81C is formed on the foot. The operating member 76 fixed to the claw guide 6 has a portion 76A parallel to the claw guide 6, and this portion 76A is guided by the holding body 9 in a detented state, and protrudes from the sliding surface. By engaging with the lock portion 81A of the operation piece 81, the movement of the claw guide 6 in the protruding direction is restricted.

A lock arm 83 is pivotally supported on the base 65 at the rear end of the claw support 8.
Is urged clockwise by a spring, and an engaged portion 83a which can be engaged with the engaging portion 9a of the holding body 9 on the front side.
, An inclined surface 83b, and a projection 83c protruding forward. The claw support 8 is held in a state where the engaged portion 83a of the lock arm 83 is engaged with the engaging portion 9a of the holding member 9 in a protruding state, and the locking portion is rotated by the operation piece 81 rotating. When the lock of the operating member 76 with the portion 76A by the 81A is released, the claw guide 6 projects, and the portion 76A comes into contact with the inclined surface 83b.
Even if the disengaged portion 83a is disengaged from the engaging portion 9a and the disengagement is incomplete, the release portion 81B pushes up the projection 83c by further rotating the operation piece 81, and the engaged portion 8a is disengaged.
3a is forcibly disengaged from the engaging portion 9a.

The pushing portion 81C of the operating piece 81 is rotated by coming into contact with an unlocking member 84 provided on the guide plate 59 so as to be adjustable in position. When the slider 4 moves to the state shown in FIG. 6 in which the hook 4 is moved substantially downward, it comes into contact with the unlocking member 84 to protrude the claw guide 6, and then the claw support 8 is retracted with the claw guide 6. The lock release member 84 is formed by a bolt or a pin. Seedlings that support the claw guide 6 and the claw support 8 from the holding body 9, the crank body 52, the driving cam 62, the swing arm 54, the guide plate 59, the pushing link 68, and the like, and face the pot portion 3 of the seedling tray 2. Movement while changing the posture from the soil removal position to a substantially downward seedling removal position facing the planting tube 43, taking out the soil seedling 5 in the seed removal position, and dropping the soiled seedling 5 in the seed removal position. Is carried out.

The operating piece 8 having the lock portion 81A
1. When the claw guide 6 is moved to the claw tip side by the operating member 76 and the lock arm 83, the claw support 8 and the claw guide 6
The return interlocking means 12 is configured to simultaneously retract the claw support 8 by the operating piece 81 having the release portion 81B, the lock arm 83, and the like. Have been. Figures 4 and 6
In the figure, reference numeral 15 denotes a rounded tongue-shaped detachment guide whose top and bottom and front are open, which is attached to a bracket 87 protruding from the support frame 14 so as to be adjustable in position, and above the planting cylinder 43 of the planting device 35. Are located in These are shown smaller than other members.

The detachment guide 15 surrounds the seedling extraction nail 4 and the nail guide 6 when the seedling extraction nail 4 is in a substantially downward (slightly inclined) posture. It comes in contact with the soiled seedling 5 detached from 4 and guides its fall, and holds the soiled seedling 5 in a proper posture or corrects an improper posture. The detachment guide 15 can be formed of a metal, a synthetic resin, a spring material, or the like, in a flat plate shape, a half-cup shape, a rod shape, or the like. It is formed in a shape that can be guided in an appropriate posture.

The transfer device 34 includes a movable frame (not shown) supported on a support frame fixed to the device frame 23 via a guide rail or the like so as to move in the left-right direction.
The movable frame is disposed so as to be inclined forward and downward, and the seedling tray 2 is loaded from the upper side of the movable frame along the rear surface of the movable frame so that the opening of the pot portion 3 faces forward and upward, and the movable frame is moved laterally. , And is vertically fed in the movable frame. Fig. 8
As shown in the figure, the bottom of the seedling tray 2 (that is, the pot 3
A support plate 93 for supporting and guiding the bottom portion of the pot portion 3 across the horizontal row of pot portions 3 is attached. The support plate 93 extends to the pot portion 3 at a position where the seedlings 5 with soil are taken out by the seedling take-out claw 4.
Seedling tray 2 when seedling removal nail 4 is pierced into soiled seedling 5
Seedlings 4 with stable seeding 5
Is a backing member 89 for taking out.

A lateral feed shaft 102 having an endless spiral groove is rotatably supported by the support frame, and power from the side of the seedling extracting device 1 can be transmitted to the lateral feed shaft 102. A lateral feed mechanism 103 for laterally feeding the movable frame is provided between the shaft 102 and the movable frame,
The movable frame can be reciprocated horizontally in the left-right direction by substantially the entire width of the seedling tray 2 by the lateral feed mechanism 103. A horizontal shaft 94 is rotatably attached to the lower part of the movable frame.
A pair of left and right vertical feed wheels 95 are provided on the horizontal shaft 94 via a one-way clutch. A chain 97 is mounted on the wheels 95 over a driven wheel provided on an upper portion of a movable frame. A transport pin 98 that engages with the gap between the pot portions 3 in the vertical direction is attached to the transport pin 98.

A distance corresponding to the pitch between one pot portion of the seedling tray 2 when the movable frame which has been fed horizontally reaches the end of its left and right movement, between the horizontal feed shaft 102 and the horizontal shaft 94. Only the chain 9 via the vertical feed wheel 95
7 is intermittently moved, and the vertical feeding wheel 95, the chain 97, the transport pin 98, the intermittent feeding means 99, etc., feed the seedling tray 2 after the horizontal feeding.
An intermittent vertical feed mechanism 100 that feeds vertically by a pitch is configured. Next, the operation of picking the seedlings 4 by the claw operating mechanism 10 will be described.

FIGS. 4 to 7 show the seedling removal process from the time when the seedling removal nail 4 is pierced into the soiled seedling 5 to the time when the soiled seedling 5 is dropped above the planting tube 37 (forward stroke). The trajectory X of the tip of the seedling extraction nail 4 is indicated by a dashed-dotted line, and the trajectory Y of the tip of the seedling extraction nail 4 in the return stroke is indicated by a two-dot chain line. As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 7, the seedling extracting operation moves forward while scooping up a pair of seedling extracting claws 4 located apart from each other from the lower side of the leaf with respect to the soiled seedling 5 in the pot portion 3 in the seedling tray 2. A process to rush into the seedling soil; pierced soil seedling 5
B step of extracting the seedlings by retreating the seedling extraction nail 4;
C which moves the seedling from the position facing the seedling tray 2 at a relatively high speed and shifts to a substantially downward position; following the C process, moves the seedling extraction claw 4 at a relatively low speed and without substantially increasing the speed. The seedling extraction nail 4 and the nail guide 6 guiding the seedling extraction nail 4 at the final position of the seedling extraction nail 4 move the soiled seedling 5 from the seedling extraction nail 4 to a substantially downward attitude facing the planting cylinder 43. A D process for detaching and dropping and supplying to the planting cylinder 43 and retreating the seedling removal claw 4; an E process for moving the seedling removal claw 4 after leaving the seedling 5 with soil at a relatively high speed; and an E process. And an F step in which the seedling removal claw 4 is moved from a substantially downward position to a position facing the seedling tray 2 at a relatively high speed until the A step. FIG. 3 shows the speed change of the tip of the seedling removal nail 4 measured only in one cycle from the A stroke to the F stroke.

In the state shown in FIGS. 4 and 11, the holding body 9 approaches the seedling tray 2 substantially at the position closest to the seedling tray 2, that is, the tip of the guide portion 11 approaches the seedling tray 2 while scooping up the leaves of the soiled seedling 5 from below. Is the closest position (point P1), and the swing arm 54 that raises the seedling removal claw 4 until this state is reached.
The crank pin 53 starts to contact the cam plate 73 from the latter half of the F stroke (slightly before point P1). When the crank pin 53 rotates from the point P1 in the central arc portion of the groove cam 55 of the swing arm 54 (stroke A), the swing arm 54 remains stationary without swinging, and the crank pin 53 is moved by the cam plate. The push link 68 is swung about the pin 69 via the pin 73 so that the pawl attachment 67
The nail support 8 and the seedling removal nail 4 are advanced toward the soiled seedling 5 in the pot portion 3 via the.

For this reason, the late stage of raising the seedling removal claw 4 and the initial stage of forward movement thereof overlap, and the trajectory at the point P1 becomes arc-shaped, as compared with the case of moving forward after rising.
At the point P1, the seedling removal claw 4 is slightly separated from the leaves of the soiled seedling 5, so that the movement speed does not decrease so much and the movement is smooth. At this time, as shown in FIG. 9, the claw guide 6 is immobile because the operation member 76 is in contact with the operation piece 81, and the springs 66 and 78 are compressed by the advance of the base 65, and the lock arm 83 The engaged portion 83a engages with the engaging portion 9a of the holding body 9 to prevent the returning operation.

Since the seedling extraction claw 4 moves forward with respect to the immovable guide portion 11, the pair of left and right seedling extraction claws 4 is regulated by the nail insertion hole 11a of the guide portion 11 which is narrower than the pivot space K. The tip of the take-out claw 4 pierces the soiled seedling 5 while moving forward and narrowing the distance L between the claw tips. In a side view, the piercing direction of the seedling removal nail 4 is inclined with respect to the center line S of the soiled seedling 5, and does not pierce the stem and root of the seedling. In this piercing state, the right and left seedling removal claws 4 are
From the two-dot chain line state to the solid line state, and changes from a wide V-shape to a narrow V-shape. The V-shaped state of the seedling extraction nail 4 is as follows.
The soiled seedlings 5 are less likely to fall out than in the parallel case, can be taken out of the pot portion 3 strongly, and are not designed to pinch the soiled seedlings 5 when changing, so that the soiled seedlings 5 are damaged. Not even.

At this time, the bottom of the pot portion 3 at the seedling removal position is supported by the backing member 89, and the seedling tray 2
Is prevented, and stable removal of the soiled seedlings 5 by the seedling removal nails 4 is ensured. When the crank body 52 rotates after the seedling removal claw 4 pierces the soiled seedling 5, the swing arm 54 swings to the left via the crankpin 53, and the seedling removal claw 4 and the claw guide 6 are moved together. Tray 2
And travels on the forward trajectory X through the state shown in FIG. Since the groove cam 55 has a direction opposite to the arc of the A stroke in the B stroke, the swing arm 54 swings at a higher speed than in the comparative example.
It takes less time than the process.

During the movement on the forward movement trajectory X, the roller 9 provided on the holding member 9 is guided by the cam groove 60 of the guide plate 59, whereby the seedling picking claw 4 and the claw guide 6 are placed in a substantially horizontal picking posture. When the roller 57 is moved to the vicinity of the rear end of the cam groove 60 (C to D strokes), the pushing portion 81C of the operation piece 81 is moved to the unlocking member 84. Start to abut. Groove cam 5 even in C stroke
5 is opposite to the arc of the A stroke, the C stroke starts earlier and is longer than the C 'stroke of the comparative example, and the speed peak is earlier and lower. Therefore, the swing arm 54 swings at a high speed at the beginning of the C stroke, but the center of the arc is on the same side as the rotation shaft 51 in the latter half, and the swing arm 5
The swing speed of 4 is reduced to a low speed over time.

At the point P3 between the C stroke and the D stroke, arcs of opposite directions are continuous with each other without a step, and the swing arm 5 has a shape similar to the C stroke until the beginning of the D stroke.
4 is not accelerated and the crank body 52 and the swing arm 54 are at a substantially right angle. Therefore, the tip of the seedling removal claw 4 is decelerated to a substantially stopped state. Sometimes, the return interlocking means 12 operates. This D
The time when the vehicle enters the stroke and is decelerated to a substantially stopped state is the latter half of the transition from the seedling tray facing position to the planting tube facing position, and is sufficiently slower than in the comparative example. The inertia force of the seedling removal claw 4 is also attenuated.

When the operation piece 81 comes into contact with the lock release member 84 and starts rotating (operation of the return interlocking means 12), the lock portion 81A releases the lock of the operation member 76, and the claw guide 6 is compressed to that point. As shown in a two-dot chain line in FIG. 6 and FIG. 10, the spring seed 78 is resiliently protruded toward the nail tip side with respect to the immovable seedling take-out claw 4, and the soild seedling 5 pierced is released. Extrude and release. At this time, the guide portion 11 of the nail guide 6 is abutted on a large surface without damaging the soild seedling 5, and the separated soiled seedling 5 is detached.
Is guided by the release guide body 15 and its posture is adjusted properly.
Further, it falls toward the planting cylinder 43 of the planting device 35 and is delivered.

When the claw guide 6 is projected, the unlocked operating member 76 moves integrally, and as shown in FIG.
And the engagement between the engaged portion 83a and the engaging portion 9a is released. For this reason, the claw support 8 held in the protruding state is
The spring 66 is elastically retracted by the spring 66 in the compressed state (the latter half of the D stroke). At this time, since the operating member 76 at the rear end of the claw guide 6 is in contact with the back surface of the base 65 via the cushion 88, the claw guide 6 is also retracted with the retreat of the claw support 8, and both are spring 66 The contact of the nail guide 6 with the falling leaves of the soild seedling 5 is avoided as much as possible.

If the portion 76A cannot lift the inclined surface 83b of the lock arm 83 for some reason such as the movement resistance of the claw guide 6 is too large, the roller 5
7 moves to the rear end of the cam groove 60, the operating piece 81 is further rotated by the lock release member 84, and the release portion 81B
Then, the lock arm 83 is rotated via the projection 83c (operation of the security means 13), and the engaged portion 83a is forcibly disengaged from the engaging portion 9a, and the retreat of the seedling removal claw 4 is ensured. Thus, even if the seedling 5 on the seedling removal nail 4 cannot be detached by the nail guide 6, the seedling removal nail 4 retreats and comes off the soiled seedling 5 by hitting the nail guide 6. Become.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, the seedling removal claw 4 and the claw guide 6 are both returned to the retracted positions, and the operating member 76 is in a lockable state. The rotation of the crank body 52 from this state is performed by swinging the swing arm 54 rightward (strokes EF) and moving the holding body 9 to the state shown in FIG. Is quickly returned on the backward movement trajectory Y. In this movement on the backward movement trajectory Y, the drive cam 6 is moved from just before the seedling removal claw 4 and the claw guide 6 approach the seedling tray 2 (late movement).
The protrusion 2 acts on the roller 61 of the guide plate 59, and is suddenly changed from a downward position to a substantially horizontal position, so that the leaves of the soiled seedling 5 are scooped or scooped under the leaves. At the start position of the rush, so that there are no leaves on the projecting trajectory of the seedling removal claw 4.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be variously modified. For example, the transplanting device 23 of the transplanting machine 21 is configured as a self-propelled walking type, but may be of a riding type mounted on a traveling vehicle, or a single-row planting.
It can be composed of multiple or more plants. Also, by changing the shape of the groove cam 55 of the swing arm 54, the speed of the seedling extraction claw 4 does not increase during the D stroke,
It is also possible to make the soild seedling 5 detach.

[0048]

According to the present invention described in detail above, the seedlings 5 in the pot portion 3 of the seedling tray 2 are
Rake a pair of seedling removal nails 4 located apart from under the leaves
Raise and move forward to rush into soild seedlings 5 and remove seedlings 4
The seedlings 5 with the soil are taken out and the pierced soil seedlings 5 are taken out, and the seedling removal claws 4 are moved from the position facing the seedling tray 2 to the substantially downward position facing the planting cylinder 43 in the first half high speed and in the second half low speed. After the seedling removal claw 4 and the nail guide
De 6 to drop supplied from seedling taking out pawl 4 disengaged soil with seedlings 5 to planting tube 43 with the relative movement of the Rutotomoni subsequent seedling taking out pawl 4
And, since the claw guide 6 is retracted , when the seedling removal claw 4 is stopped from the low speed state, a large inertial force is not applied to the soild seedling 5 and the seedling can be supplied to the planting cylinder 43 in a normal posture. it can.

Further, after the shift to the low speed in the latter half, the seedling 5
Until the seedling removal claw 4 and the claw guide 6 are retracted , the seedling removal claw 4 is in a substantially stopped state, so that the inertial force applied to the soiled seedling 5 is sufficiently reduced. Of seedling 5 with soil
Can. Further, an A process in which a pair of seedling removal claws 4 located apart from each other are moved forward while being scooped up from the lower side of the leaf and enter the seedling soil with respect to the soiled seedling 5 in the pot portion 3 of the seedling tray 2; soil with seedlings 5 pierced and B stroke taken out by the rearward movement of the seedling taking out pawl 4; and C stroke to shift to a substantially flat position the seedling taking out pawl 4 moves in posture or al high speed opposite the seedling tray 2; Following the C process, the seedling removal claw 4 is moved at a low speed.
To move to a substantially downward position facing the planting cylinder 43, and at the final position, the relative movement between the seedling extraction claw 4 and the claw guide 6 guiding the same, so that the seedling extraction claw 4 is soiled. substantially seedlings takeout arm 4 after the soil with seedlings 5 withdrawal; D process and to subsequent the rewritable dropped and supplied disengaged seedlings 5 to planting tube 43 to retract the <br/> seedling taking out pawl 4 and the pawl guide 6 Seedling tray from downward position
And E process for backward at high speed while changing the attitude facing 2; further seedling tray 2 seedlings extraction claw 4 Following this E stroke
And returning to the A-stroke at a high speed while changing the posture toward the A , the seedling removal claw 4 is stopped from the low-speed state when the seedling 5 with soil is supplied to the planting tube 43, and the soil is removed. The seedlings 5 can be delivered without exerting a large inertial force on the attached seedlings 5, and the shift of the seedling removal claws 4 in the return stroke can be accelerated, so that the entire seedling extracting operation can be accelerated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention immediately before taking out a seedling.

FIG. 2 (a) is a front view of a swing arm according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 (b) is an explanatory diagram showing a trajectory of a tip of a seedling removal claw using the swing arm at intervals of a predetermined time. is there.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a relationship between a groove cam shape and a tip speed of a seedling extraction claw in a swing arm according to an embodiment of the present invention and a comparative example.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional front view of the seedling removal device immediately before removal of a seedling.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional front view immediately after removing the seedling.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional front view immediately before detachment of the seedling.

FIG. 7 is a sectional front view immediately after detachment of the seedling.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing the relationship between the seedling removal device and the transport device.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional front view of a main part of the seedling removal device when piercing a seedling.

FIG. 10 is a sectional front view of a main part of the seedling removal device when the seedling is detached.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional front view of a main part of the seedling removal device before piercing a seedling.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional plan view of a main part of the seedling removal device when piercing a seedling.

FIG. 13 is a rear view of a main part of the seedling removal device.

FIG. 14 is an overall side view of the transplanter.

FIG. 15A is a front view of a swing arm according to a comparative example,
(B) is an explanatory view showing a trajectory of the tip of the seedling extraction claw using the swing arm at intervals of a predetermined time.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Seedling removal apparatus 2 Seedling tray 3 Pot part 4 Seedling removal claw 5 Seedling with soil 6 Claw guide 8 Claw support 9 Holder 10 Claw operating mechanism 11 Guide part 12 Return interlocking means 13 Security means 14 Support frame 15 Release guide 21 Transplanting machine 34 Transfer device 35 Planting device 43 Planting cylinder 54 Swing arm 55 Groove cam

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01C 11/00-11/02 303 A01C 11/00 365

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pot portion (3) in a seedling tray (2)
For the seedlings (5) with soil inside, one
The pair of seedling removal claws (4) are moved forward while scooping up from the lower side of the leaf and rush into the soild seedling (5), and the seedling removal nail (4) is retracted and stabbed. The soiled seedlings (5) are taken out, and the seedling removal claws (4) are moved at a high speed in the first half from a position facing the seedling tray (2) to a substantially downward position facing the planting cylinder (43).
And after shifting to low speed in the latter half , the seedling removal claw (4) and the plan
Inner to have pawl guide (6) falling supply from seedling extraction claw (4) soil with seedlings (5) planting tube to leave the to (43) by a relative movement between to Rutotomoni subsequent seedling extraction claw (4 ) And nail guy
Seedlings extraction method transplanter characterized that you retract the de (6). 2. A seedling with soil after the shift to a low speed in the latter half (5).
To remove the seedling removal nail (4) and nail guide (6).
The method according to claim 1, wherein the seedling removal claw (4) is substantially stopped until the seedling removal is performed. 3. A pot portion (3) in a seedling tray (2).
(A) a process in which a pair of seedling removal claws (4) positioned apart from each other are moved forward while scooping up from the lower side of the leaf to enter the seedling soil with respect to the soiled seedling (5) therein; Remove the seedling (5) with the seedling removal claw (4) by retreating (B)
Stroke and; seedling taking out pawl (4) moves in a substantially flat position to move in a posture or al high speed opposite the seedling tray (2) (C) stroke and, seedling extraction claw Following this (C) stroke (4) is moved at a low speed to shift to a substantially downward posture facing the planting tube (43), and at its final position, the seedling removal claw (4) and the claw guide ( Seedling removal nail (4) by relative movement with 6)
It is dropped and supplied to leave the soil with seedlings (5) planting tube to (43) from Rutotomoni then seedlings extraction claw (4) and pawl guide
( D) step of retreating (6) ; seedling with soil (5) seedling removal nail (4) after detachment from a substantially downward posture to seedling tray (2)
(E) a process of returning at a high speed while changing the posture toward the seedling ; and (A) a process of changing the posture of the seedling extraction claw (4) further toward the seedling tray (2) following the (E ) process. (F) a step of returning at a high speed up to the step (F).