JPH0956217A - Picking out seedling in transplanter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for picking out a seedling in a transplanter capable of reducing the force of inertia imposed on the seedling with a soil sufficiently, discharging it in a stable posture and in addition enabling to have a good delivery state to a planting cylinder 43. SOLUTION: This method for picking out a seedling in a transplanter is constituted by forwarding seedling picking out claws 4 to a seedling with a soil 5 in a pot part 3 in a seedling tray 2, penetrating it into the seedling with the soil 5, picking out the pierced seedling with the soil 5 by retreating it, transferring the aforementioned seedling picking out claws 4 from a posture of facing to the seedling tray 2 to the almost downward posture of facing to a planting cylinder 43, then transferring a claw guide 6 guiding the seedling picking out claws 4 to the tip end side of the seedling picking out claws 4 for removing the seedling with the soil 5 from the seedling picking out claws to fall and feed it into the planting cylinder 4. When the seedling picking out claws 4 take the almost downward posture, they are almost stopped and also gently retreated after removing the seedling with the soil 5.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a seedling removing method for a transplanter for transplanting vegetables such as cabbage, lettuce, Chinese cabbage and broccoli.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Vegetable transplanters for raising seedlings in seedling trays having pot portions in a vertical and horizontal lattice arrangement, and taking out soiled seedlings from the pot portions and transplanting them are known. ing. As disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-330211, a vegetable transplanter of this type has a pair of seedling take-out nails that are capable of rushing into soiled seedlings in a pot portion of a seedling tray, and a pair of these paired nails. A claw support provided at the tip of the seedling picking claws apart from each other, a pair of claw guides for guiding the advance and retreat of a pair of seedling picking claws, and a holder for supporting the claw support and the claw guide so as to be reciprocally movable. , And a claw operation mechanism that reciprocates the claw support and the claw guide.

[0003] Then, the seedling take-out claws are inserted into and withdrawn from the soiled seedlings from the opening side of the pot portion to take out the soiled seedlings from the opening of the pot portion, and the soiled seedlings thus taken out to above the planting device. After transferring and setting the nail support and nail guide in a substantially downward posture corresponding to the planting cylinder, move the nail guide to the tip side of the seedling removing nail, and remove the soiled seedling taken out by the seedling extracting nail from the seedling removing nail. It is detached and dropped and supplied to the planting device, and the claw guide is retracted by a cam while moving backward along the forward path.

[0004]

In the above transplanter, since the seedling take-out nail is rushed into the soil-grown seedling from the tip side of the leaf, the leaf may be damaged by the seedling-taken-out nail, and the soil-grown seedling is detached. At this time, since the seedling take-out claws return, inertia force acts on the soil-bearing seedlings, which may result in an incorrect discharge direction of the soil-bearing seedlings or a deterioration in posture.

Therefore, the tip of the seedling take-out nail is moved so as to draw an approximately 8-shaped locus, the seedling take-out nail is brought closer from the lower side of the soil-bearing seedling leaf, and is stabbed by forward movement to take out.
By removing the soil-bearing seedlings through the nail guide in a substantially downward posture corresponding to the planting cylinder, and then retracting the seedling take-out nails and moving them back in a trajectory different from the forward movement, Techniques have been developed that can reduce the inertial force while preventing damage.

However, even with this improved technique, the stop time of the seedling take-out claw when the soiled seedling is removed by the claw guide is short, and the seedling take-out claw is retracted by the returning force of the return spring, so that vibration may occur due to impact. Therefore, it is not enough to stabilize the releasing posture of soil seedlings. In view of such various problems, the present invention makes the seedling take-out claws substantially stationary when moved in a posture facing the planting cylinder, and gently retreats after releasing the soil-grown seedlings to obtain the soil-grown seedlings. It is an object of the present invention to provide a seedling taking-out method for a transplanter in which the inertial force applied to the plant is sufficiently reduced and the plant can be released in a stable posture.

[0007]

The first specific means for solving the problems in the present invention is to advance the seedling take-out claws 4 to the soiled seedlings 5 in the pot portion 3 of the seedling tray 2. After rushing into the soil-bearing seedlings 5 and removing and sticking out the soil-bearing seedlings 5, the seedling removing claws 4 are moved from a posture facing the seedling tray 2 to a substantially downward posture facing the planting cylinder 43, The nail guide 6 which guides the picking nail 4 is set to the seedling picking nail 4
A seedling taking-out method of a transplanting machine which moves to the tip side and detaches the soiled seedlings 5 from the seedling taking-out nails 4 and drops and feeds them to the planting cylinder 43, wherein the seedling taking-out nails 4 are in a substantially downward posture. It is to be made to substantially stand still and to slowly retreat after leaving the soil-bearing seedling 5.

As a result, the seedling take-out nails 4 are made substantially stationary, and the soil-bearing seedlings 5 are not subjected to the inertial force.
The soil-embedded seedlings 5 can be stably and reliably removed from the soil, and the seedling-ejecting claws 4 do not have a sudden retreating movement, so that the soil-embedded seedlings 5 can be delivered to the planting cylinder 43 in a stable manner. In addition to the first specific means, the second specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is to retract the seedling extraction claw 4 from a substantially downward posture while controlling the return force of the return spring 66. is there.

As a result, there is no sudden movement of the seedling take-out pawl 4 due to the returning force of the return spring 66, and the soiled seedling 5 is delivered from the seedling take-out pawl 4 into the planting cylinder 43 in a stable and reliable manner. A third specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is to provide a pair of seedling take-out nails 4 located apart from each other to the soiled seedlings 5 in the pot portion 3 of the seedling tray 2 from the lower side of the leaves. While scooping up, move forward and plunge into the seedling A
B stroke to take out the stabbed soiled seedling 5 by the backward movement of the seedling take-out nail 4, and C stroke to move the seedling take-out nail 4 from a position facing the seedling tray 2 to a substantially downward posture; Following the C step, the seedling take-out nail 4 is moved to a substantially downward posture facing the planting cylinder 43, and the tip end of the seedling take-out nail 4 of the nail guide 6 guiding the seedling take-out nail 4 at its final position. By moving to the side, the seedling 5 is detached from the seedling picking nail 4 and the planting cylinder 4 is removed.
D process of dropping and supplying the seedlings to the No. 3 and then retracting the seedling picking claws 4; E step of returning the seedling picking claws 4 after leaving the soil-bearing seedlings 5; F stroke for returning while changing the nail 4 from the substantially downward posture to the posture toward the seedling tray 2, and in the D stroke, the seedling take-out nail 4 is substantially stationary at the final position of the C stroke and the soiled seedling is provided. 5 After retreating, the return force of the return spring 66 is controlled to move backward to move to the E stroke.

As a result, the seedling take-out nails 4 are kept substantially stationary in the D step, and the soil-bearing seedlings 5 are stably and surely separated from the seedling take-out nails 4 in a state where no inertial force acts on the soil-applied seedlings 5, In addition, the seedling take-out pawl 4 is swiftly changed from the D step to the E step in a state where there is no sudden backward movement due to the returning force of the returning spring 66.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 11, the vegetable transplanter 21
Is a walking type having a steering handle 20 at the rear part of the traveling vehicle 22, and while traveling in the longitudinal direction across the ridges,
The soiled seedlings 5 are planted at predetermined intervals in the ridges covered with the mulch film.

The traveling vehicle 22 includes a device frame 23 and a pedestal 24 and the like provided at the front end of the device frame 23. The front portion of the device frame 23 is fixed to the side portion of the pedestal 24, and the rear portion. The steering wheel 20 is attached to the. An engine 25 is mounted on the gantry 24, the engine 25 is covered with a hood 26, a mission case 27 is fixed to the rear part of the gantry 24, and a power transmission mechanism in the mission case 27 drives the engine 25 to move. Is transmitted.

The power input into the mission case 27 is transmitted to the wheel transmission shaft 28 projecting to the left and right sides, the first PTO shaft 29 projecting to the left and right sides, and the second PTO shaft projecting to the rear upper side. It can be taken out from 30. The left and right rear wheels 32 are supported on both left and right ends of the wheel transmission shaft 28 via a vertically swingable transmission case 31.
The power of the engine 25 is transmitted to the rear wheel 32 from the wheel transmission shaft 28 via the power transmission mechanism in the transmission case 31. A pair of left and right front wheels 3 are provided at the front of the traveling vehicle 22.
3. A ridge height detection roller 36 is provided.

At the upper rear portion of the traveling vehicle 22, a transplanting work section 37 is provided.
Is provided. The transplanting work section 37 includes a seedling supply device 39, and a soiled seedling 5 supplied from the seedling supply device 39.
A planting device 35 for planting the ridge 4 on the ridge 4 by the planting cylinder 43,
It has a multi-film punching device 38, etc., which can previously make holes for transplantation in the multi-film. The seedling feeding device 39 is the second
The planting device 35 is driven by the rotational power of the PTO shaft 30.
The multi-drilling device 38 is driven by the rotational power of the first PTO shaft 29.

The planting cylinder 43 is designed to move up and down in an elliptical locus, and the openable and lower opener opens at the lower end side of the elliptical locus to open forward and backward to form a planting hole. While being formed, the soil-bearing seedlings 5 supplied on the upper end side of the locus can be planted. The planting device 3
5 and the multi-film punching device 38 are provided on a movable frame 41 that is supported on the first PTO shaft 29 of the mission case 27 so as to be vertically swingable. The rear end of the movable frame 41 is suspended from the apparatus frame 23 so that the vertical position of the movable frame 41 can be adjusted, and the rear portion of the movable frame 41 is provided with a soil covering / squeezing roller 42.

1 to 11, the seedling feeding device 39 is mounted on the device frame 23, and the seedling tray 2 in which a large number of pot portions 3 in which the seedlings 5 with soil are raised are arranged in the horizontal and vertical directions. The seedlings 5 with soil are taken out one by one from the seedling tray 2 on the transporting device 34 and the transporting device 34 which is transported in the vertical direction at predetermined seedling taking-out positions by the seedling taking-out nails 4. The seedling extracting device 1 is configured to be dropped into the planting cylinder 43 after being transferred to above the planting device 35.

The seedling tray 2 is made of resin and has flexibility, and a large number of vertically and horizontally arranged pot portions 3 are formed so as to open to the front and project to the rear. Being raised. The seedling take-out device 1 guides a pair of needle (chopsticks) shaped seedling take-out nails 4, a nail support 8 provided with the pair of seedling take-out nails 4 at its tip, and a pair of forward and backward movements of the seedling take-out nails 4. A claw guide 6, a claw support 8 and a holder 9 that supports the claw guide 6 so as to be reciprocally movable in the longitudinal direction, and a claw operation mechanism 10 that appropriately operates the claw support 8 and the claw guide 6. ing.

The pawl operating mechanism 10 reciprocates the seedling take-out pawl 4 between the seedling tray 2 and the planting cylinder 43 while changing the posture thereof, and supports the support frame 14 fixed on the device frame 23. The support frame 14 is provided with a rotating shaft 51 with a crank body 52 that is driven to rotate counterclockwise in FIGS. 1 and 2 by the rotational power from the second PTO shaft 30. A crank pin 53 is provided on the crank body 52 so as to project laterally, and a drive cam 62 is provided coaxially with the crank body 52.

A lower part of the swing arm 54 is pivotally connected to the support frame 14 below the crank body 52 by a swing shaft 54A, and a middle portion of the swing arm 54 is vertically (arm lengthwise). Direction) is formed, and the crank pin 5 of the crank body 52 is formed in the groove cam 55.
3 is inserted and engaged. The groove cam 55 has a shape in which a reverse circular arc portion and a straight linear portion are continuously formed on both upper and lower sides of a central circular arc portion, and the circular arc portion and the reverse circular arc portion are connected to each other by a smooth curved line having no angular boundary. As shown in FIG. 3 (a), the crank pin 53 is A → B → on the inner peripheral surface of the groove cam 55.
The contacts come in the order of C → D → E → F.

The movement process of the tip of the seedling take-out claw 4 is determined corresponding to each part of A to F. The boundary between the F process and the A process is point P1, and the boundary between the A process and the B process is point P.
2. Point P3 between the C and D strokes, P3, D stroke and E
The boundary of the process is designated by point P4. The groove cam 55 swings the swing arm 54 to pick up the soil-bearing seedlings 5 to the transport device 34, and the distance of the E-F stroke is short, while the groove cam 55 swings to feed the soil-bearing seedlings 5 to the planting device 35. Moving arm 54
The distance between the C and D strokes for rocking is set to be long, and a quick return mechanism is configured.

That is, when the reciprocating speeds are compared, the movement is accelerated in the return stroke Y for taking out the soil-bearing seedlings 5 from the pot portion 3 by the seedling-picking claws 4, and the soil-bearing seedlings 5 are removed from the pot portion 3. In the forward stroke X to deliver the seedlings to the planting cylinder 43, it is moved slowly so as to prevent the falling of the seedlings with soil 5 during the transfer and to return quickly to improve the efficiency of seedling extraction and supply. .

A holder 9 is pivotally connected to the upper part of the swing arm 54 via a pin 54B. This holder 9 is a pin 5
A portion provided with 4B is formed in a tubular shape, and a pipe-made claw support 8 is inserted and guided in the tubular portion so as to be axially movable, and the claw support 8 is a seedling of the carrier device 34. It is possible to move in and out of the tray 2. A pair of seedling take-out nails 4 which are pierced obliquely into the soiled seedlings 5 in the pot portion 3 are attached to the tip end portions of the nail supporters 8.

A roller 57 is attached to the holder 9 via a bracket 56 so as to be freely rotatable.
Is a cam groove 60 formed in a guide plate 59 that is swingably attached to the upper portion of the support frame 14 via a pin 58.
Is engaged. The guide plate 59 has a rolling roller 61 at the tip of the protruding arm, and the rolling roller 61 is in contact with the drive cam 62, and the guide plate 59 is pinned by the counterclockwise rotation of the drive cam 62. It is possible to swing about 58.

The swinging of the guide plate 59 about the pin 58 is such that when the seedling take-out claw 4 advances toward the pot portion 3,
From the front of the rush start point (see Fig. 2), the tip of the seedling take-out nail 4 is pin 5 so that the leaves of the soil-bearing seedling 5 are scooped from below.
4B is swung, and the posture of the holding body 9 (in particular, the relative angle of the holding body 9 with respect to the swing arm 54) according to the swing angle of the swing arm 54 is regulated.

When the soil-bearing seedlings 5 taken out of the pot section 3 are transferred to the upper part of the planting cylinder 43 (from the state shown in FIG. 4 to the state shown in FIG. 1), the seedling take-out claws 4 are enlarged. The seedlings 5 with soil are moved to a substantially vertical position while being moved downward and rearward. Therefore, the rear side (left side in FIG. 4) of the cam groove 60 is shaped to move the roller 57 in a direction away from the swing shaft 54A of the swing arm 54.

On the outer periphery of the claw support 8, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, the claw support 8 is retracted between the base body 65 provided at the base end thereof and the tubular portion of the holding body 9. A coil spring (return spring) 66 that urges in the direction is interposed,
A claw attachment 67 is fitted and fixed to the front end portion of the claw support 8. The bases of the pair of seedling extraction claws 4 are pivotally supported by the claw attachment 67 via the shafts 4a, respectively, and the pair of seedling extraction claws 4 swing so that the tips of the pair of seedling extraction claws 4 move relative to the claw attachment 67. It is possible.

An extruding link 6 is provided at the lower end of the holding body 9.
8 is rotatably connected via a pin 69. A long groove (or long hole) 70 is formed at the tip of the push-out link 68, and is engaged with a pin 71 provided on the protruding arm of the claw attachment 67. The push-out link 68 is provided with a cam plate 73 having a substantially arc shape and an abutment body 74. The cam plate 73 can abut the crank pin 53 of the crank body 52, and the abutment body 74 is attached to the support frame 14. The fixed bracket 75 can come into contact with a position restricting body 75A that is provided so as to adjust the protrusion amount.

When the oscillating arm 54 reaches the oscillating end on the side of the conveying device 34 (see FIG. 2) corresponding to the latter part of the F stroke, the cam plate is rotated by the crank pin 53 that is rotating. The extrusion link 68 is swung via 73,
The claw attachment 67 and the claw support 8 are pushed toward the carrier 9 toward the carrier 34, and the coil spring 66 is compressed. As a result, the seedling take-out nail 4 is projected and the restoring force for retracting the nail support 8 is retained.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a claw guide which is slidably inserted in the claw support 8, the base body 65 and the claw attachment 67 in the longitudinal direction, and is formed of a round bar or the like, and the guide portion 1 is provided at the front end thereof.
The member forming 1 is attached across both seedling picking nails 4,
An L-shaped plate-like operating member 76 in side view is attached to the rear end, and a stopper 77 is fixed in the middle thereof.
A spring 78 is fitted between and.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the claw guides 6 are arranged in a triangle with respect to the two seedling picking claws 4, and the guide part 1 is provided.
Two claw insertion holes 11a are formed in 1, and the distance between the left and right claw insertion holes 11a is the distance K between the pivotal support portions of the left and right seedling picking claws 4.
It is set to be narrower than (the distance between the shafts 4a, which are pivotal portions). Therefore, when the seedling take-out nail 4 and the nail guide 6 move relative to each other, the distance L between the tip ends of the seedling take-out nail 4 changes. That is, when the guide portion 11 is located on the tip side of the seedling taking-out nail 4, the distance L between the nail tips is widest, and if the guide portion 11 is immovable and the seedling taking-out nail 4 is projected from this state, the seedling Extraction claw 4
The base side of the claw approaches the guide part 11, and the distance L between the claw tips gradually narrows.

Therefore, when the seedling take-out nails 4 are moved forward to take out the soil-bearing seedlings 5 from the pot portion 3, the tips of the left-hand and right-hand seedling-taking nails 4 approach each other while sticking out, and the left and right centers of the soil-bearing seedlings 5 are centered. It moves on a substantially linear orbit inclined with respect to the line S. When the soil-containing seedlings 5 are taken out by the seedling take-out nails 4 and the guide portion 11 of the nail guide 6 is moved from the state of being located at the base side of the seedling take-out nails 4 to the tip side, the nail tip-to-tip distance L becomes From the narrow state to the wide state, the guide portion 11 comes into contact with the soiled seedling 5 and pushes it out of the seedling take-out nail 4 in parallel with this. At this time, the tip of the seedling take-out claw 4 with respect to the soil-bearing seedlings 5 comes out in the same orbit as the rushed-in trajectory, and damage to the soil-bearing seedlings 5 is suppressed to the minimum at the time of rushing and leaving.

In the front view shown in FIG. 5 and the like, the seedling take-out claws 4 are arranged with respect to the center line S of the soil-bearing seedlings 5 in the pot portion 3,
Since the seedlings with soil 5 are in a truncated truncated quadrangular pyramid shape on the surface side (opening edge side of the pot part 3), they are arranged so as to be distant and approach on the bottom surface side.
Since the two seedling take-out nails 4 are pierced from the corner to the center of the bottom face, the leaves and roots of the soil-bearing seedlings 5 are not pierced, and in addition to that, the tips of the left and right seedling take-out nails 4 are narrowed. It does not collide with the vicinity of the bottom of No. 3.

5 to 8, an operating piece 81 is pivotally supported by the holding body 9 via a shaft 82 and is urged by a spring in the clockwise direction in FIG. 5, and the operating piece 81 is one foot. The left arm has a lock portion 81A, the right arm has a release portion 81B, and the foot has a pushing portion 81C. The operating member 76 fixed to the claw guide 6 has a portion 76A parallel to the claw guide 6,
The slide of this portion 76A is guided by the holding body 9 in a non-rotating state, and the operating piece 8 protruding on the sliding surface thereof.
By engaging with the first lock portion 81A, the movement of the claw guide 6 in the protruding direction is restricted.

A lock arm 83 is pivotally supported on the base body 65 at the rear end of the pawl support body 8.
Is urged clockwise by a spring, and an engaged portion 83a engageable with the engaging portion 9a of the holding body 9 is provided on the front side.
, An inclined surface 83b, and a projection 83c protruding forward are formed. When the claw support 8 is projected, the engaged portion 83a of the lock arm 83 is engaged with the engaging portion 9a of the holding body 9 to maintain the state, and the operating piece 81 is rotated to lock the claw support 8. The lock of the actuating member 76 with respect to the portion 76A by 81A is released, the claw guide 6 projects, and the portion 76A abuts the inclined surface 83b.
Even if the engaged portion 83a is disengaged from the engaging portion 9a, and the disengagement is incomplete, the release portion 81B pushes up the projection 83c by the further rotation of the operating piece 81, and the engaged portion 8a.
3a is forcibly disengaged from the engaging portion 9a.

The pushing portion 81C of the operating piece 81 has a bracket 8 fixed to the support frame 14 (or the guide plate 59).
5 is rotated by being brought into contact with a lock release member 84 which is provided with an adjustable protrusion amount.
1 moves the seedling take-out nail 4 to a substantially downward posture, contacts the unlocking member 84 to cause the nail guide 6 to project, and then the nail support 6 together with the nail guide 6.
Retreat. The lock release member 84 is formed of a bolt (or pin) or the like.

The holding body 9, the crank body 52, the drive cam 62, the swing arm 54, the guide plate 59 and the push-out link 6
8 and the like supports the nail guide 6 and the nail support 8 and the like.
The nail moving mechanism 10 that moves while changing the posture to a substantially downwardly facing seedling detachment posture, takes out the soil-bearing seedlings 5 in the seedling removal posture, and drops the soil-bearing seedlings 5 in the seedling detachment posture. It is configured.

Further, the operating piece 8 having the lock portion 81A
1, the operating member 76, the lock arm 83, and the like, when the claw guide 6 is moved to the claw tip side, the claw support 8 and the claw guide 6
The return interlocking means 12 for simultaneously retracting and is configured, and the operation piece 81 having the releasing portion 81B, the lock arm 83, and the like constitute the return ensuring means 13 for ensuring the return operation of the claw support 8 after the operation of the return interlocking means 12. Has been done.

Abutment body 7 provided on the extrusion link 68
4 and the position restricting body 75A provided on the support frame 14 constitute a control means for restricting the return movement of the claw support 8 and the claw guide 6 with respect to the return interlocking means 12. That is, when the pawl support body 8 and the pawl guide 6 try to retract by the return force of the coil spring 66 by the return interlocking means 12 or the return guaranteeing means 13, the contact body 74 moves the position regulating body 75.
The return movement of the swing arm 54 is restricted by contact with A.
As the holding body 9 moves to the right side while being guided by the cam groove 60 when it starts to swing to the right, the holding angle of the holding body 9 and the push-out link 68 changes so as to be small, thereby supporting the claw support. The body 8 and the claw guide 6 are returned while the speed is controlled.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 15 is a rounded tongue-shaped removal guide body whose upper and lower sides and front sides are open, and which is attached to a bracket 87 protruding from the support frame 14 so that its position can be adjusted freely. Is arranged above the planting cylinder 43. Note that these are shown smaller than other members. The detachment guide body 15 surrounds the seedling taking-out nail 4 and the nail guide 6 when the seedling taking-out nail 4 is in a substantially downward (slightly inclined) posture, and is detached from the seedling taking-out nail 4 by the nail guide 6. The soiled seedling 5 is brought into contact with the soiled seedling 5 to guide its fall, and the soiled seedling 5 is held in an appropriate posture or an incorrect posture is corrected.

The carrying device 34 is provided with a movable frame (not shown) movably supported by a support frame fixed to the device frame 23 in the left-right direction via guide rails or the like.
The movable frame is arranged in a front downward slope, and the seedling tray 2 is loaded from the upper side of the movable frame along the rear surface of the movable frame so that the opening of the pot portion 3 faces the front upper direction, and the movable frame moves laterally. It is configured to be horizontally fed in the left-right direction and vertically fed downward in the movable frame.

As shown in FIG. 10, the movable frame is provided with a support plate 93 for supporting and guiding the bottom portion of the seedling tray 2 (that is, the bottom portion of the pot portion 3) across the pot portions 3 arranged in a row. The support plate 93 is extended to the pot portion 3 at a position where the seedlings with picked-up nails 4 pick up the seedlings 5 with soil, and the tip of the support plate 93 connects the seedlings with picked-up nails 4 to the soiled seedlings 5. It serves as a backing member 89 for preventing the seedling tray 2 from bending when it is pierced into the ground and for stably taking out the soiled seedling 5 by the seedling taking-out nail 4.

A lateral feed shaft 102 having an endless spiral groove is rotatably supported by the support frame, and the power from the seedling take-out device 1 side can be transmitted to the lateral feed shaft 102. A lateral feed mechanism 103 for laterally feeding the movable frame is provided between the shaft 102 and the movable frame,
The lateral feed mechanism 103 allows the movable frame to be reciprocally laterally fed in the left-right direction over substantially the entire width of the seedling tray 2.

A horizontal shaft 94 is rotatably attached to the lower part of the movable frame. A pair of left and right vertical feed wheels 95 are provided on the horizontal shaft 94 via a one-way clutch. A chain 97 is hooked over a driven wheel provided on the upper part of the movable frame, and a transport pin 98 that engages with a gap between the pot portions 3 in the vertical direction is attached to the chain 97.

A distance between the horizontal feed shaft 102 and the horizontal shaft 94, which corresponds to one pitch between the pot portions of the seedling tray 2 when the laterally fed movable frame reaches the end of its horizontal movement. Only, the chain 9 through the vertical feed wheel 95
The intermittent feeding means 99 for intermittently moving 7 is provided, and the vertical feeding wheel 95, the chain 97, the transport pin 98, the intermittent feeding means 99, etc. are used to feed the seedling tray 2 laterally 1
An intermittent vertical feed mechanism 100 that vertically feeds only a pitch is configured.

Next, the seedling taking-out operation of the seedling taking-out nail 4 by the nail operating mechanism 10 will be described. In addition, in FIGS.
From the time when the seedling picking nail 4 is pierced into the soiled seedling 5, the planting cylinder 3
The locus X of the tip portion of the seedling picking nail 4 in the seedling picking process (forward stroke) until the seedling 5 with soil is dropped above 7 is indicated by a chain line, and the locus of the tip portion of the seedling picking nail 4 in the backward stroke. Y is indicated by a two-dot chain line.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the operation of taking out the seedlings is as follows. With respect to the soiled seedlings 5 in the pot portion 3 of the seedling tray 2, a pair of seedling taking-out nails 4 positioned apart from each other is used from the lower side of the leaves. A process of advancing into the seedling soil while scooping up; and A, where the pierced soil-bearing seedling 5 is moved backward by the seedling take-out nail 4
Step: C step of moving the seedling take-out nail 4 from a position facing the seedling tray 2 to a substantially downward posture; and C step; moving the seedling take-out nail 4 following this C step and facing the planting cylinder 43. By shifting to a substantially downward posture and moving the nail guide 6 guiding the seedling taking-out nail 4 at its final position to the tip side of the seedling taking-out nail 4,
D step of separating the seedling 5 with soil from the seedling picking nail 4 and dropping and supplying it to the planting cylinder 43 and then retracting the seedling picking nail 4; and returning the seedling picking nail 4 after leaving the seedling 5 with soil. E step; and F step that follows this E step and is moved back to A step while changing the seedling take-out pawl 4 from a substantially downward position to a position facing the seedling tray 2.

In the state shown in FIGS. 1 and 7, the holder 9 is the seedling tray 2
To the seedling tray 2 while the tip of the guide portion 11 is scooping up the leaves of the soil-containing seedling 5 from the lower side (point P1). The swing of the swing arm 54 for raising the take-out pawl 4 is decelerated, and the crank pin 53 starts contacting the cam plate 73 in the latter half of the F stroke (a little before the point P1).

From point P1, the crank pin 53 rotates within the central arc of the groove cam 55 of the swing arm 54 (A
Stroke), the swing arm 54 does not swing and remains stationary, the crank pin 53 swings the push link 68 around the pin 69 through the cam plate 73, and the claw attachment 67 through the claw attachment 67. The nail support 8 and the seedling picking nail 4 are advanced toward the soil-containing seedling 5 in the pot portion 3.

For this reason, the latter stage of the raising of the seedling take-out nail 4 and the initial stage of the forward movement overlap each other, and the locus at the point P1 becomes an arc shape, which is higher than the case where the raising is followed by the forward movement.
At the point P1, the seedling take-out claw 4 is slightly separated from the leaves of the soil-bearing seedling 5, and the moving speed does not decrease so much and the movement becomes smooth. At this time, as shown in FIG. 5, the claw guide 6 is immovable because the operating member 76 is in contact with the operating piece 81, and the springs 66 and 78 are compressed by the forward movement of the base body 65, and the locking arm 83 moves. The engaged portion 83a engages with the engaging portion 9a of the holding body 9 to prevent the returning operation.

Further, since the seedling take-out claws 4 move forward with respect to the immovable guide portion 11, the pair of left and right seedling take-out claws 4 are regulated by the claw insertion holes 11a of the guide portion 11 which are narrower than the interval K between the pivot portions, and the seedling take-up holes 4a. The tip of the pick-out nail 4 is pierced into the soil-bearing seedling 5 while advancing and narrowing the distance L between the nail tips. In a side view, the piercing direction of the seedling take-out nail 4 is inclined with respect to the center line S of the soil-bearing seedling 5, and the stalk and root of the seedling are not pierced.

In this stuck state, the left and right seedling take-out nails 4
Shows a wide V from the two-dot chain line state in FIG. 8 to the solid line state.
It changes from a letter shape to a narrow V shape. In the V-shaped state of the seedling take-out nails 4, the soiled seedlings 5 are less likely to come off than in the parallel state, and can be strongly taken out from the pot portion 3. Moreover, the soiled seedlings 5 are pinched at the time of change. Since it is not a thing, the soiled seedling 5 is not damaged.

At this time, the bottom of the pot portion 3 at the seedling take-out position is supported by the backing member 89, and the seedling tray 2
The deformation of the seedlings is prevented, and the stable removal of the soil-bearing seedlings 5 by the seedling removal nails 4 is guaranteed. When the crank body 52 is rotated after the stab of the soil-containing seedling 5 with the seedling picking nail 4 is completed, the swing arm 54 swings leftward via the crank pin 53, so that both the seedling picking nail 4 and the nail guide 6 are seeded. Tray 2
And then move on the forward trajectory X through the state shown in FIG. Since the grooved cam 55 is in the opposite direction to the arc of the A stroke in this B stroke, the swing arm 54 is swung at a high speed, and the movement is completed in a short time.

When the holder 9 is moved along the forward trajectory X, the rollers 57 provided on the holder 9 are guided by the cam grooves 60 of the guide plate 59, whereby the seedling take-out pawls 4 and the pawl guides 6 are in a substantially horizontal take-out posture. When the roller 57 is moved to the vicinity of the rear end of the cam groove 60 (stroke C to D), the pushing portion 81C of the operating piece 81 is released from the unlocking member 84. Begins to abut.

Even in the C stroke, the groove cam 55 is in the opposite direction to the arc of the A stroke, and the speed peak in the C stroke is fast and low. Therefore, the swing arm 54 is swung at a high speed at the beginning of the shift of the C stroke, but in the latter half, the center of the arc is on the same side as the rotary shaft 51, and the swing speed of the swing arm 54 takes time. The speed is reduced to a low speed. At a point P3 between the C stroke and the D stroke, arcs which are opposite to each other are continuously formed without a step, and since the C stroke is formed until the beginning of the D stroke, the swing of the swing arm 54 is accelerated. Since the crank body 52 and the swing arm 54 are in a state of being substantially at a right angle, the tip of the seedling take-out claw 4 is decelerated to a substantially stationary (stop) state, and is returned in this state. Interlocking means 1
2 will operate.

The time when the vehicle enters the D stage and is decelerated to a substantially stopped state is the latter half of the transition from the seedling take-out claw 4 to the seedling tray facing posture to the planting cylinder facing posture, and the speed is sufficiently low. The inertial force of the seedling picking nail 4 is also attenuated. When the operating piece 81 comes into contact with the lock releasing member 84 and starts to rotate (operation of the return interlocking device 12), the lock portion 81A releases the lock of the operating member 76, and the claw guide 6 causes the spring compressed until then. 78 is elastically projected by
As shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. 1 and in FIG. 6, the immovable seedling taking-out nail 4 is advanced to the tip side of the nail, and the soiled seedling 5 that has been stabbed is pushed out and removed.

At this time, the guide portion 11 of the claw guide 6 is contacted with a large surface that does not damage the soil-grown seedling 5, and the soil-grown seedling 5 that has been detached is guided by the detachment guide body 15 to change its posture. It is made proper, and is dropped and discharged toward the planting cylinder 43 of the planting device 35 to be delivered. When the claw guide 6 is projected, the unlocked operating member 76 moves integrally, and as shown in FIG. 6, the portion 76A abuts the inclined surface 83b of the lock arm 83 and the engaged portion 83a. And disengages the engagement portion 9a. For this reason, the claw support 8 held in the protruding state has the spring 66 in the compressed state.
By the biasing force, it becomes possible to move backward (the latter half of D stroke).

At this time, the return force of the return spring 66 is regulated because the abutment body 74 provided on the push-out link 68 comes into contact with the position regulating body 75A, and as the swing arm 54 begins to swing, the claw is moved. The support 8 is retracted while the speed is controlled to smoothly move to the E stroke, and its locus is shown in FIG.
It becomes an arc shape as shown in FIG. As a result, the sudden return operation by the return spring 66 is eliminated, the vibration of the nail actuating mechanism 10 and the planting tube 43 due to an impact or the like is not given, and the posture of the soil-bearing seedlings 5 delivered in the planting tube 43, etc. Can be maintained in good condition and the durability of the machine can be improved.

Since the operating member 76 at the rear end of the claw guide 6 is in contact with the back surface of the base body 65 via the cushion 88, the claw guide 6 is also retracted as the claw support 8 is retracted. In addition, due to some reason such as the movement resistance of the claw guide 6 being too large, the portion 76A has the inclined surface 8 of the lock arm 83.
If 3b is not lifted, when the roller 57 moves to the rear end of the cam groove 60, the lock releasing member 84 causes the operating piece 81 to further rotate, and the releasing portion 81B causes the projection 8 to move.
The lock arm 83 is rotated via 3c (operation of the ensuring means 13) to forcibly disengage the engaged portion 83a from the engaging portion 9a, and the backward movement of the seedling take-out pawl 4 is ensured. As a result, even if the soiled seedling 5 on the seedling taking-out nail 4 cannot be removed by the nail guide 6, the seedling taking-out nail 4 is retracted so that the soiled seedling 5 is removed by hitting the nail guide 6. Become.

As a result, both the seedling take-out claw 4 and the claw guide 6 are returned to the retracted position, and the operating member 76 is locked.
The rotation of the crank body 52 from this state causes the swing arm 5 to rotate.
4 is swung to the right (E to F stroke), the holding body 9 is moved to the state of FIG. 2 while changing the posture, and the seedling take-out pawl 4 is quickly returned on the backward trajectory Y. In the movement on the backward movement path Y, the protrusion of the drive cam 62 moves from the front of the seedling take-out nail 4 and the nail guide 6 toward the seedling tray 2 (late backward movement) to the guide plate 5.
It acts on the roller 61 of No. 9 and is suddenly changed from the downward posture to the substantially horizontal posture, whereby the leaf of the soil-bearing seedling 5 is advanced to the plunge start position so as to be scooped up or to be scooped under the leaf. , Leave no leaves on the protruding path of the seedling picking nail 4.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be variously modified. For example, although the transplanting device 23 of the transplanting machine 21 is configured as a self-propelled walking type, it may be a riding type mounted on a traveling vehicle or other than 1-row planting.
It can be configured as multi-row planting with more than one row. Further, by changing the shape of the groove cam 55 of the swing arm 54, the seedling take-out pawl 4 is not accelerated during the D stroke,
It is also possible to detach the soiled seedling 5.

[0061]

According to the present invention, which has been described in detail above, the seedling take-out nails 4 are kept substantially stationary, and the soil-bearing seedlings 5 are stably fed from the seedling take-out nails 4 in a state where no inertial force acts on the soil-bearing seedlings 5. In addition, the seedling take-out claw 4 can be reliably delivered, and can be delivered to the planting cylinder 43 in a state where there is no sudden retreat movement of the seedling take-out nail 4.

Even if the return spring 66 is used to retreat the seedling take-out claw 4 after the soiled seedling 5 is released, the return force is controlled to retreat, so that there is no sudden movement. The seedling 5 with soil can be delivered from the seedling take-out nail 4 to the planting cylinder 43 in a stable and reliable manner. Further, at the time of forward movement, the seedling take-out nail 4 is advanced while scooping from the lower side of the leaf to take out the soil-bearing seedling 5, and the posture facing the seedling tray 2 is changed to a substantially downward posture facing the planting cylinder 43. When the soiled seedlings 5 are detached from the extraction claws 4 and dropped and supplied to the planting cylinder 43, the seedlings extraction claws 4 are retracted and changed to a posture toward the seedling tray 2; A state in which inertial force does not act on the soil-bearing seedlings 5 by making the seedlings-unloading claws 4 substantially stationary even though the movement and the movement of the soil-bearing seedlings 5 can be favorably taken out so as to draw a different trajectory. It is possible to separate the soiled seedling 5 from the seedling take-out nail 4 stably and surely.
In addition, it is possible to promptly start the return movement of the seedling take-out pawl 4 after the detachment of the soil-bearing seedling 5 in a state where the seedling take-out pawl 4 does not move rapidly due to the returning force of the return spring 66.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view immediately before seedling detachment showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the seedling take-out device immediately before taking out the seedlings.

FIG. 3 (a) is a front view of a swing arm according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 (b) is an explanatory view showing a trajectory of a tip portion of a seedling picking claw using the swing arm at regular time intervals. is there.

FIG. 4 is a sectional front view of the seedling take-out device immediately after taking out the seedlings.

FIG. 5 is a sectional front view of a main part of the seedling take-out device when the seedling is pierced.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional front view of the main part of the seedling removing device when the seedling is removed.

FIG. 7 is a sectional front view of a main part of the seedling removing device before piercing the seedling.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional plan view of the main part of the seedling take-out device when the seedling is pierced.

FIG. 9 is a rear view of the main part of the seedling take-out device.

FIG. 10 is a front view showing a relationship between a seedling take-out device and a carrying device.

FIG. 11 is an overall front view of the transplanter.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Seedling take-out device 2 Seedling tray 3 Pot part 4 Seedling take-out claw 5 Soiled seedling 6 Claw guide 8 Claw support 9 Clamping body 10 Claw operating mechanism 11 Guide part 12 Return interlocking means 21 Transplanter 35 Planting device 43 Cylinder with planting 54 Swing Arm 55 Groove Cam

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A pot section (3) in a seedling tray (2).
With respect to the soil-bearing seedlings (5) in the inside, the seedling-taking nails (4) are advanced to plunge into the soil-bearing seedlings (5), and the soil-bearing seedlings (5) that are ejected and pierced are taken out, and the seedling-taking nails are After shifting (4) from the posture facing the seedling tray (2) to the substantially downward posture facing the planting cylinder (43), the nail guide (6) guiding the seedling taking nail (4) is taken out. A method for removing seedlings from a transplanter that moves to the tip side of the nails (4) and removes the soil-bearing seedlings (5) from the nails (4) and drops and supplies them to the planting cylinder (43). A method for extracting seedlings from a transplanting machine, characterized in that the nails (4) are made substantially stationary when the nails (4) are in a substantially downward posture, and the nails (4) are gently retracted after the soiled seedlings (5) are removed. 2. The seedling taking-out method for a transplanter according to claim 1, wherein the seedling taking-out claw (4) is retracted from a substantially downward position while controlling a returning force of a returning spring (66). 3. The pot section (3) in the seedling tray (2)
With respect to the soil-bearing seedlings (5) inside, a pair of seedling take-out claws (4) located apart from each other are scooped up from below the leaves to advance into the seedling soil (A) stroke; Take out the attached seedling (5) by retreating the seedling take-out claw (4) (B)
Step: moving the seedling take-out claw (4) from a position facing the seedling tray (2) to a substantially downward position (C).
Following this step (C), the seedling take-out claw (4) is moved to a substantially downward position facing the planting cylinder (43), and the seedling take-out claw (4) is guided at its final position. By moving the nail guide (6) to the tip side of the seedling picking nail (4), the soiled seedling (5) is detached from the seedling picking nail (4) and dropped and supplied to the planting cylinder (43), and thereafter the seedling is seeded. (D) step of retracting the take-out claw (4); and (E) step of returning the seedling take-out claw (4) after leaving the soiled seedling (5); and (A) following this (E) step. Up to the stroke, there is a step (F) in which the seedling take-out claw (4) is returned while changing from a substantially downward posture to a posture facing the seedling tray (2), and the step (D) has a seedling take-out jaw (4). (C) is almost stopped at the final position of the stroke, and after leaving the soil-bearing seedling (5), it is retracted while controlling the return force of the return spring (66) to the (E) stroke. Seedlings extraction method transplanter, characterized in that to the row.