JP3238277B2 - Method and apparatus for measuring differential settlement amount of structures - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and a measuring device for measuring an amount of uneven settlement correction for correcting uneven settlement occurring in a building structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Due to land subsidence, uneven settlement in which the level of columns of a building structure is relatively displaced may occur, and damage may occur to the floor or wall of the structure. In order to prevent structural damage due to differential settlement,
As shown in FIG. 1, a hydraulic jack 3 is interposed between a column 1 supporting a structure 10 and a beam 2 constituting a floor surface, and the hydraulic jack 3 is expanded and contracted based on a stroke sensor (not shown) and the ground. Plate-like member 1 interposed between the column 1
Underpeening, which corrects the structure horizontally by adjusting the number or the thickness of one piece to absorb the relative displacement at the level between the plurality of columns 1, is known.

In order to correct such uneven settlement, as shown in FIG. 10, a level measuring means such as a manometer for detecting a liquid level with a plurality of columns 1a to 1g supporting a floor surface of a structure 10. Is used to measure the level in advance, and based on the measured level, the amount of correction of the level of each of the columns 1a to 1g is calculated, and then the hydraulic jack 3 is expanded and contracted in accordance with the amount of correction, thereby making the column Absorbs relative displacements of 1a to 1g. (Note that for level measurement of structures,
See Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 5-196644 and 5-272975 proposed by the present applicant. The calculation of the level correction amount will be described. In FIG. 10, the beam 2 supported by the columns 1a to 1g arranged in a lattice at predetermined intervals is treated as a continuous beam having the columns 1a to 1g as fulcrums. The levels (Z-axis direction in the figure) of the columns 1a to 1g are relatively displaced due to uneven settlement, and the beam 2 is bent at the fulcrum of the columns 1a to 1g.

Now, in order to correct the level of the column 1c, the bending angle of the beam 2, that is, the side 1a1c and the side 1c1 is obtained from the relative level difference between the columns 1a, 1b, 1d and 1g adjacent to the column 1c.
g and bending angle alpha _X formed by the sides 1b1c and the side 1c1d forms bending angle alpha _y were calculated, and compared with the allowable value alpha ₀ of bending angle alpha _X, bending angle set in advance and alpha _Y.

[0005] As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, a bend angle α _Y <
If α ₀ and the bend angle α _X > α ₀ , then the bend angle α _X ≦
While calculating the position 1c 'where α ₀ , α _Y ≦ α ₀ ,
By driving a hydraulic jack (not shown), the column 1c is jacked down to 1c 'to keep the relative level difference between the columns 1a to 1g within an allowable range.

[0006]

When the pillar 1c is jacked down to 1c 'as described above, FIG.
As shown in the figure, the beam 2 is bent at 1c 'and 1d at bending angles α _c and α _d , and these bending angles α _c and α _d are equal to the allowable value α _0.
Exceeds the level, it is necessary to modify the level of pillar 1d, which originally did not need to be modified, in a chain due to the modification of pillar 1c,
The structure 1 is calculated while sequentially calculating the bending angle α of the beam 2 in the adjacent pillars sequentially from the corrected pillar in the X and Y directions in the figure.
Correct the zero differential settlement.

However, when a large number of measurement points are installed on a large-scale structure or the like, the number of measurement points to be calculated becomes enormous, and the calculation is sequentially performed sequentially from the measurement points to be corrected as described above. Not only requires a great deal of labor, but also requires skill to determine the measurement point to be corrected and to determine the correction amount.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for measuring the differential settlement amount of a structure which can easily and accurately measure the level correction position and the correction amount of the differential settlement even in a large-scale structure. I do.

[0009]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, measurement points provided with means for measuring levels at a plurality of predetermined locations on a structure are set in advance, and the least squares method is used from the levels measured at these measurement points. After calculating the average plane, if the inclination of the average plane is within the allowable range, the allowable layer obtained by adding a predetermined allowable width Δh of the level to the average plane is calculated, and the measured level is calculated. Is included in this allowable layer, and in this comparison, the measurement point corresponding to the level exceeding the allowable layer is determined as the correction position, and the difference between this level and the allowable layer is determined as the correction amount ΔH _Let it be _n .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, measurement points provided with means for measuring levels at a plurality of predetermined locations on a structure are set in advance, and an average plane is determined from the levels measured at these measurement points by the least square method. After the calculation, if the inclination of the average plane exceeds the allowable range, the average plane is rotated so as to be within a predetermined angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane, and then the predetermined level is allowed. Calculate an allowable layer in which the width Δh is added to the average plane, compare whether the measured level is included in the allowable layer, and correct a measurement point corresponding to a level exceeding the allowable layer in this comparison. determining the position and the difference between this level and the permissible layer and correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a plurality of measurement points provided with means for measuring the level at a plurality of predetermined positions of the structure are set in advance, and the least squares method is used based on the levels measured at these measurement points. After calculating the plane, if the inclination of the average plane exceeds the allowable range, rotate the average plane so as to be within a predetermined angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane, and then, every predetermined measurement section Then, an allowable range Δh of the measurement level set in advance is calculated, and an allowable layer obtained by adding the allowable range Δh to the average plane is calculated, and it is determined whether the measured level is included in the allowable layer. Compare,
The measurement point corresponding to a level exceeding the allowable layer in comparison determines that the correction position, the difference between this level and the permissible layer and correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement.

Further, the fourth invention is directed to the first to third embodiments.
In the present invention, the allowable width Δh of the measurement level is set in advance based on the allowable value α of the angle formed by the beam passing through the measurement point.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 14, a means 50 for measuring a level using a plurality of predetermined points on a structure as measurement points, and a least square method from the levels measured at these measurement points. Means 51 for calculating average plane
Means 53 for calculating an allowable layer in which the predetermined allowable width Δh of the level is added to the average plane; and means 5 for determining whether the measured level is included in the allowable layer.
4, the determination result the allowable layer corresponding to the level exceeding the determined and corrected position measurement point at, and means 55 for calculating a difference between the level and the permissible layer as the correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement Prepare.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 14, a means 50 for measuring a level using a plurality of predetermined points of a structure as measurement points, and a least square method from the levels measured at these measurement points. Means 51 for calculating average plane
Means 52 for rotating the average plane so as to be within a predetermined angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane when the inclination of the average plane exceeds the allowable range; and a predetermined allowable width of the level. Means 53 for calculating an allowable layer in which Δh is added to the average plane; means 54 for determining whether the measured level is included in the allowable layer; and a determination result corresponding to a level exceeding the allowable layer in the determination result. the measurement point is determined and corrected position, the difference between this level and the permissible layer and means 55 for calculating a correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 14, a means 50 for measuring a level using a plurality of predetermined points of a structure as measurement points, and a least squares method based on the levels measured at these measurement points. Means 51 for calculating average plane
And means 52 for rotating the average plane so as to be within a predetermined angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane when the inclination of the average plane exceeds the allowable range. Means 53 for calculating an allowable layer in which the set allowable width Δh of the level is added to the average plane; means 54 for determining whether the measured level is included in this allowable layer; the measurement point corresponding to a level exceeding the permissible layer determines that the correction position, the difference between this level and the permissible layer and means 55 for calculating a correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement.

An eighth invention is directed to the fifth to seventh aspects.
In the present invention, the allowable width Δh of the measurement level is set in advance based on the allowable value α of the angle formed by the beam passing through the measurement point.

[0017]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, an average plane displaced from a horizontal plane due to uneven settlement from a level measured at a plurality of predetermined locations on a structure is calculated by a least squares method. The permissible range Δh of the preset measurement level is added to the average plane to calculate a permissible layer as a three-dimensional space, and a measurement level that is not included in the permissible layer is determined as a measurement point that needs to be corrected. the difference between the level and the permissible layer of measurement point is calculated as a correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement, structures to be able to correct the differential settlement by jacking up or jack down on the basis of the correction amount [Delta] H _n.

In the second invention, an average plane displaced from a horizontal plane due to differential settlement is calculated by a least squares method from levels measured at a plurality of predetermined locations on the structure, and the inclination of the average plane defines an allowable range. If it exceeds, it is rotated so as to be within a predetermined angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane. The permissible layer as a three-dimensional space is calculated by adding the permissible width Δh of the preset measurement level to the rotated average plane, and the measurement levels that are not included in the permissible layer are determined as the measurement points that need to be corrected. , the difference between the level and the permissible layer of the measurement point as a correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement, when the structure is jacked up or the jack-down on the basis of the correction amount [Delta] H _n, the entire structure by the rotation of the mean plane The uneven settlement can be corrected while suppressing the inclination.

In the third invention, an average plane displaced from a horizontal plane due to differential settlement is calculated by a least squares method from levels measured at a plurality of predetermined locations on the structure, and the inclination of the average plane defines an allowable range. If it exceeds, it is rotated so as to be within a predetermined angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane.
After calculating a permissible width Δh of the measurement level preset for each measurement point as a predetermined measurement section, and adding this permissible width Δh to the rotated average plane, the permissible layer as a three-dimensional space is measured. calculated for each, it is determined that the measurement point required to correct those not included in the permissible layer of measurement levels, the difference between the level and the permissible layer of the measurement point as a correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement, this When the structure is jacked up or the jack-down on the basis of the correction amount [Delta] H _n,
By rotating the average plane, the inclination of the entire structure can be suppressed, and uneven settlement can be corrected within an allowable width corresponding to the interval between the measurement points.

Further, the fourth invention is characterized in that the first to third embodiments
In the invention, the allowable width Δh of the measurement level is set in advance based on the allowable value α of the angle formed by the beam passing through the measurement point, so that the allowable width Δh can be calculated according to the interval of the measurement section, It is possible to obtain a means for uniquely determining whether or not the level of the point should be corrected and how much the correction amount is necessary.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, an average plane displaced from a horizontal plane due to uneven settlement from a level measured at a plurality of predetermined locations on a structure is calculated by a least squares method. The permissible range Δh of the preset measurement level is added to the average plane to calculate a permissible layer as a three-dimensional space, and a measurement level that is not included in the permissible layer is determined as a measurement point that needs to be corrected. the difference between the level and the permissible layer of measurement point is calculated as a correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement, it is possible to correct the differential settlement if the jack-up or the jack-down structures based on the correction amount [Delta] H _n.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, an average plane displaced from a horizontal plane due to differential settlement is calculated by a least square method from levels measured at a plurality of predetermined locations on a structure, and the inclination of the average plane is determined as an allowable range. If it exceeds, it is rotated so as to be within a predetermined angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane.
The permissible layer as a three-dimensional space is calculated by adding the permissible width Δh of the preset measurement level to the rotated average plane, and the measurement levels that are not included in the permissible layer are determined as the measurement points that need to be corrected. , the difference between the level and the permissible layer of the measurement point as a correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement, when the structure is jacked up or the jack-down on the basis of the correction amount [Delta] H _n, the entire structure by the rotation of the mean plane The uneven settlement can be corrected while suppressing the inclination.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, an average plane displaced from a horizontal plane due to unequal settlement from a level measured at a plurality of predetermined locations on a structure is calculated by a least squares method, and the inclination of the average plane defines an allowable range. If it exceeds, it is rotated so as to be within a predetermined angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane.
After calculating a permissible width Δh of the measurement level preset for each measurement point as a predetermined measurement section, and adding this permissible width Δh to the rotated average plane, the permissible layer as a three-dimensional space is measured. calculated for each, it is determined that the measurement point required to correct those not included in the permissible layer of measurement levels, the difference between the level and the permissible layer of the measurement point as a correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement, this When the structure is jacked up or the jack-down on the basis of the correction amount [Delta] H _n,
By rotating the average plane, the inclination of the entire structure can be suppressed, and uneven settlement can be corrected within an allowable width corresponding to the interval between the measurement points.

The eighth invention is characterized in that the fifth to seventh embodiments
In the invention, the allowable width Δh of the measurement level is set in advance based on the allowable value α of the angle formed by the beam passing through the measurement point, so that the allowable width Δh can be calculated according to the interval of the measurement section, Whether or not the level of the point should be corrected and how much the correction amount is necessary can be uniquely determined.

[0025]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, a floor surface (not shown) of the structure 10 is supported via beams 2, 2 arranged in the X and Y axis directions in the figure, and these beams 2, 2 are XY in the figure. It is supported by pillars 1A to 1E and 1Aa to 1Ed arranged in a grid in a plane.

The columns 1A to 1Ed have a predetermined distance L in the X-axis direction.
In each of the columns 1A to 1Ed, at predetermined positions, level sensors 7A to 7Ed as level measuring means are provided at predetermined intervals in the Y-axis direction to form measurement points, respectively. A hydraulic jack (not shown) is provided between 1A to 1Ed and the beam 2 arranged in a lattice in the XY plane, as shown in the above-mentioned conventional example.
１1 Ed and the beam 2 can be relatively displaced.

Then, the level sensors 7A to 7Ed are connected to the computer 8, respectively, and a measurement process of differential settlement as described later is performed. In addition, the level sensors 7A-
Although not shown, 7Ed is composed of the manometer shown in the conventional example, an optical sensor paired with a laser beam irradiation device, and the like.

In FIG. 1, assuming that the direction penetrating the plane of the drawing is the Z-axis direction, the fluctuation in the level of the columns 1A to 1Ed
For the sake of simplicity, a description will be given below of a case where the uneven settlement of the beam 2 supported by the columns 1A to 1E is corrected in a two-dimensional plane of the XZ plane. Pillars 1A to 1Ed, which are measurement points in three-dimensional space
Shall be performed respectively.

Now, as shown in FIG. 2, the measurement results of the levels of the columns 1A to 1E are indicated by distances Ha to He from horizontal planes set in advance by the level sensors 7A to 7E, respectively. The level is He <Hb <Hc <
It shows unequal settlement that is relatively displaced in the relationship of Hd <Ha, and therefore the beam 2 is bent at each support point of the columns 1A to 1E. Note that the beam 2 is handled as a continuous beam having a plurality of fulcrums.

First, based on the levels Ha to He at each measurement point, an average plane 5 (regression plane) as a calculation plane
Is calculated by the least squares method. The average plane 5 is calculated by the least squares method as a plane obtained by averaging the displacement differences of a large number of measurement points in a three-dimensional space. Such a method of calculating the average plane by the least squares method is described in the following book. And the like.

1. "Basic Mathematics Handbook", page 721 (published by Morikita Publishing on October 20, 1987).

2. "Introduction to Numerical Analysis," p. 295 (198
Published by Modern Science Company on October 1, 5).

3. "Numerical Calculation by Turbo Pascal", p. 236 (Asakura Shoten, April 20, 1986).

In addition to the above, "Modern Mathematics Encyclopedia" (translated by Kentaro Yano, published by Kodansha) also describes in detail how to calculate the average plane 5, and the formula for calculating the average plane 5 is disclosed in these books. Since the operation is performed in the same manner as that described above, the explanation is omitted here.

The mean plane 5 calculated is inclined at theta ₁ angle to the horizontal plane as shown in FIG. 2, the angle theta ₁
Indicates the entire inclination of the structure 10.

The permissible inclination angle θ and the inclination angle θ of the average plane 5 set in advance to manage the entire inclination of the structure 10
Compare with ₁ . The allowable inclination angle θ is, for example, tan θ
= 1/1000 (vertical displacement of 1 mm with respect to 1 m on the horizontal plane), and if θ ₁ ≤ θ, it is confirmed that the inclination of the average plane 5 is within the allowable range.

The inclination if the angle theta ₁ is within the allowable inclination angle theta, based on the allowable bending angle of the beam 2 which is previously set for each of the measurement interval 1A1B~1D1E beam 2 alpha, pillars 1A~1E
The allowable width Δh indicating the allowable range of the relative displacement is calculated.

Here, the allowable bending angle α indicates the allowable value of the angle between the beam 2 passing through the columns 1A to 1E and the horizontal plane.
Is set to be equal to L, the allowable break angle α for each angle measurement section is also set to be equal.

The allowable bending angle α is, for example, tan α = 1 /
400 (1 mm vertical displacement for 0.4 m on the horizontal plane)
Since the intervals between the columns 1A to 1E are all L, the allowable width Δh is equal in the measurement sections 1A1B to 1D1E, and is calculated by the following equation.

Δh = L × tan α (1) Next, as shown in FIG.
Layer 6 as a three-dimensional space with thickness in addition to the top and bottom
To form

Here, the permissible layer 6 is given by (x, z) → (x, z ± Δh / 2) (2) with respect to an arbitrary point (x, z) on the average plane 5. , XYZ, the allowable layer 6 forms a three-dimensional space centered on the average plane 5.

In this way, the calculated allowable layer 6 is compared with the measured levels Ha to He, and the measured levels Ha to He are compared.
Is determined in the allowable layer 6 based on the following equation.

Z _n −Δh / 2 <z _Hn <z _n + Δh / 2 (3) where z _n is the Z-axis coordinate on the average plane 5 corresponding to each measurement point of the columns 1A to 1E, z _Hn Indicates the Z-axis coordinates corresponding to the measurement levels Ha to He.

In FIG. 3, the pillars 1A and 1C correspond to the above (3)
While the formulas are satisfied, the measurement levels of the columns 1B, 1D, and 1E do not satisfy the above expression (3) and protrude from the allowable layer 6 beyond the allowable width Δh. Columns 1B, 1D, and 1E exceeding 6 are determined as positions requiring correction.

Here, the levels Ha and Hc of the columns 1A and 1C in the allowable layer 6 are not 0 (on a horizontal plane), but are
Although the beam 2 supported by A and 1C does not coincide with the horizontal plane and includes a level difference due to uneven settlement, the structure 10 has the entire inclination, that is, the average plane 5 is within the allowable inclination angle θ and the beam 2 Can function without any problem if the angle is within the allowable bending angle α, so that the pillars 1A and 1C are not intentionally corrected, and the cost for the correction is reduced.

The columns 1B, 1D, and 1E to be corrected do not need to have the corrected levels completely coincident with the horizontal plane, and may be corrected to a level that converges in the allowable layer 6. If the amount of correction is matched with the outer circumference of the allowable layer 6, the measured level may exceed the allowable layer 6 in a short period (for example, several months) depending on the progressing uneven settlement, and the cycle of the level correction is short. As a result, the repair cost increases.

[0048] Therefore, the levels of the correction amount [Delta] H _n as shown in FIG. 4, it is sufficient to converge the measured level to an acceptable layer 6 tolerance Δh within correction range 7 multiplied by a predetermined percentage K constituting the Therefore, it can be calculated based on the following equation.

[0049] _{ΔH n = z Hn - (z} n ± Δh / 2 × K) ... (4) However, [Delta] H _n the level correction amount corresponding to the position of the pillar 1A~1E, Δh / 2 × K is the mean plane The distance K from 5 to the outer circumference (maximum or minimum value) of the correction range 7 is preset at a predetermined ratio, for example, 80%.

[0050] Equation (3) with modifications required the determined columns 1B, 1D, the correction amount of the level of 1E is, [Delta] H as shown in FIG. 3 _B, [Delta] H _D, from the above equation (4) as [Delta] H _E are each calculation, these correction amount [Delta] H _B, [Delta] H _D, when driving the hydraulic jack (not shown) based on [Delta] H _E, column 1B, 1
E is jacked up, and pillar 1D is jacked down and displaced to points 1B ', 1D', and 1E ', respectively, included in the correction range 7 formed inside the allowable layer 6, and in response to this, the beam 2 is It is displaced to 2 'shown by the middle broken line.

Since the beam 2 displaced to 2 'is included in the allowable layer 6 calculated based on the allowable bending angle α, the inclination of the beam 2 in each measurement section L is smaller than the allowable bending angle α. , The levels of columns 1A-1E are modified within an acceptable range.

[0052] Here, as shown in FIG. 5, the correction amount of the level calculated by the X-Z plane orthogonal [Delta] H _n, the difference between the mean plane 5 correction amount calculated in the coordinate perpendicular to the [Delta] H _n 'has an average plane 5 as described above, tan θ = 1/10
When a small angle is set to 00, ΔH _n −ΔH _n ′ ≒ 0 (when ΔH _n = 100 mm, ΔH _n ′
= 99.999 mm), and can be ignored for the amount of correction of the structure.

As described above, in the above example, when the average plane 5 obtained by the least square method is within the inclination allowable angle θ, the column 1 for which the correction is performed by the allowable layer 6 calculated based on the average plane 5 is performed.
Although it was possible to judge A to 1E, there is a case where even if the levels of the columns 1A to 1E are within the allowable layer 6, it is necessary to correct the levels by uneven settlement, and this case will be described below.

FIG. 6 shows an average plane 5 calculated by the least squares method based on the measured levels Ha to He of the columns 1A to 1E in the same manner as described above. Allowable layer 6 calculated from the above equation (2)
Is shown.

In this case, the columns 1A to 1E are included in the inner periphery of the allowable layer 6, and the level does not need to be corrected in this state. However, the angle θ ₁ between the average plane 5 and the horizontal plane is the allowable inclination angle. Since it exceeds θ, the average plane 5 is rotated by the correction angle Δθ. Here, the correction angle Δθ = θ ₁ −θ.

The average plane 5 is displaced to the position 5 'by the rotation of Δθ, and the calculation of the allowable layer 6' and the correction range (not shown) is performed again based on the rotated average plane 5 '.

When the recalculated allowable layer 6 'and the levels of the columns 1A to 1E are compared by the above equation (3), the columns 1A and 1E respectively protrude from the allowable layer 6' as shown in FIG. Is required.

With respect to the pillars 1A and 1E, ΔH _A and ΔH _E are respectively calculated from the above equation (4), and these correction amounts Δ
When a hydraulic jack (not shown) is driven based on H _A and ΔH _E , the column 1A is jacked down, and the column 1E is jacked up, and each of the points 1A ′ included in a correction range (not shown) formed inside the allowable layer 6 ′, 1E ', and in response, the beam 2 is displaced to 2' shown by a broken line in the figure, and the columns 1A to 1E correct the deviation of the level due to uneven settlement to within an allowable range to restructure the structure 10. It can be maintained within a predetermined inclination angle.

In this way, the level of each measurement point is compared based on the calculated average plane 5 and the permissible layer 6 calculated based on the permissible break angle α set in advance, thereby determining the correction position and The amount of correction can be measured simultaneously for the X and Y axes, and the columns 1Aa to 1Ed can be measured in the same manner as described above. Can be reliably performed, and the uneven settlement can be corrected by the computer 8 at high speed and accurately by the measurement method as described above.

In this way, the beam 2 is supported at a plurality of predetermined locations on the structure 10 and the average plane is calculated by the least squares method based on the levels Ha to He measured at the columns 1A to 1E constituting the measurement points. After calculating the average plane 5, the average plane 5 is rotated with respect to the horizontal plane so as to be within the allowable inclination angle θ.
The after operation for each measurement interval based on the α allowable bending angle of the beam 2, for calculating the correction amount [Delta] H _n as to converge those projecting from the allowable layer 6 to fix the range 7 of the measurement level Ha～He, The average inclination of the structure is 5
Slope can be managed respectively allowed layer 6 of, not only it is possible to easily determine the corrected measurement point and the correction amount [Delta] H _n required, the chain to the level as in the prior art Since there is no need to correct, the measurement efficiency can be surely improved without skill,
It becomes possible to quickly and accurately correct uneven settlement in a large-scale structure having many measurement points.

FIG. 8 shows another embodiment, in which the intervals between the columns 1A to 1E, that is, the intervals between the measurement sections 1A1B to 1D1E are constituted by different intervals L _{1 to} L _{4. In} such a case, , The allowable layers 61 to 64 are measured in sections L _{1 to} L ₄
May be calculated in accordance with the intervals, and the others can be measured in the same manner as described above.

Here, the measurement section 1A1B, 1C1D, 1D1E where the beam 2 intersects the average plane 5 is performed based on the above equation (2), but the measurement section where the beam 2 does not intersect the average plane 5 is performed. In 1B1C, since the beam 2 is located below the average plane 5, the allowable layer 62 is calculated from the above equation (2) based on the following equation.

(X, z) → (x, z−Δh) (2) ′ The allowable layer 62 forms a three-dimensional space having the average plane 5 as the upper surface, and the comparison of the measurement levels of the pillars 1 B and 1 C is as described above ( 3) Judgment is made based on the following equation.

Z _n −Δh <z _Hn <z _n (3) ′ Therefore, the level correction amount ΔH _n may be calculated from the above equation (4) by the following equation.

ΔH _n = z _Hn − (z _n −Δh × K) (4) ′ Note that the measurement section 1 A 1 B where the beam 2 intersects the average plane 5,
1C1D and 1D1E can be measured in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

[0066]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, an average plane displaced from a horizontal plane due to uneven settlement from a level measured at a plurality of predetermined locations of a structure is calculated by the least squares method. If the slope of this average plane is within the allowable range,
The permissible range Δh of the preset measurement level is added to the average plane to calculate a permissible layer as a three-dimensional space, and a measurement level that is not included in the permissible layer is determined as a measurement point that needs to be corrected. since the difference between the level and the permissible layer of measurement point was set correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement, easily and reliably level correction position and correction without requiring skill in managing the bending of the beam due to differential settlement in acceptable layer This makes it possible to measure the quantity, and to promote automation of level correction of a large-scale structure having a large number of measurement points.

Further, in the second invention, an average plane displaced from a horizontal plane due to differential settlement is calculated by a least square method from levels measured at a plurality of predetermined locations of a structure, and the inclination of the average plane is determined as an allowable range. If it exceeds, rotate it so as to be within a predetermined angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane, calculate the allowable layer as a three-dimensional space by adding the allowable width Δh of the preset measurement level to this average plane, and perform measurement. Fixed not included in the permissible layer of levels is determined that measurement point required, the difference between the level and the permissible layer of the measurement point for which the correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement, the entire structure by differential settlement The inclination can be managed on the average plane, and the bending of the beam can be managed on the permissible layer, so that the level correction position and amount can be easily and reliably measured without skill, and a large number of measurement locations can be measured. It is possible to promote the automation level correction of large structure equipped with.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, an average plane displaced from a horizontal plane due to unequal settlement from a level measured at a plurality of predetermined locations of a structure is calculated by a least squares method, and the inclination of the average plane is determined as an allowable range. If it exceeds, rotate to be within a predetermined angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane, and calculate the allowable width Δh of the measurement level preset for each measurement point as a predetermined measurement section, The permissible layer as a three-dimensional space is calculated for each measurement section by adding the permissible width Δh to the rotated average plane, and a measurement level that is not included in this permissible layer is determined as a measurement point requiring correction, this level of measurement point and for the difference between the permissible layer was correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement, with the mean plane of the structure of the entire inclined by differential settlement, each managed by allowable layers computed bending of the beam for each measurement interval You It is possible to easily and reliably measure the level correction position and the amount of correction without skill, and even in a large-scale structure having a number of measurement points arranged at different intervals. Automated level correction can be promoted.

Further, in the fourth invention, the allowable width Δh of the measurement level is set to the allowable value α of the angle formed by the beam passing through the measurement point.
Because it is set in advance based on the above, it is possible to determine whether or not the level of the measurement point should be corrected and how much the correction amount is necessary, and the uneven settlement of the structure without skill is required. The amount of correction can be measured.

According to the fifth aspect, an average plane displaced from a horizontal plane due to uneven settlement is calculated from the levels measured at a plurality of predetermined locations on the structure by the least squares method. If the inclination of the average plane is within the allowable range, the allowable range Δh of the preset measurement level is added to the average plane to calculate an allowable layer as a three-dimensional space, and is not included in the allowable layer among the measurement levels. Judge the thing as a measurement point that needs correction,
Therefore the level of the measurement point and the difference between the permissible layer was correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement, easily and reliably level correction position and without requiring skilled in managing the bending of the beam due to differential settlement in acceptable layer The amount of correction can be measured, and automation of level correction of a large-scale structure having a large number of measurement points can be promoted.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, an average plane displaced from a horizontal plane due to differential settlement is calculated by a least square method from levels measured at a plurality of predetermined locations on a structure, and the slope of the average plane is determined as an allowable range. If it exceeds, rotate it so as to be within a predetermined angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane, calculate the allowable layer as a three-dimensional space by adding the allowable width Δh of the preset measurement level to this average plane, and perform measurement. Fixed not included in the permissible layer of levels is determined that measurement point required, the difference between the level and the permissible layer of the measurement point for which the correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement, the entire structure by differential settlement The inclination can be managed on the average plane, and the bending of the beam can be managed on the permissible layer, so that the level correction position and amount can be easily and reliably measured without skill, and a large number of measurement locations can be measured. It is possible to promote the automation level correction of large structure equipped with.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, an average plane displaced from a horizontal plane due to differential settlement is calculated from the levels measured at a plurality of predetermined locations on the structure by the least squares method, and the inclination of the average plane defines an allowable range. If it exceeds, rotate to be within a predetermined angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane, and calculate the allowable width Δh of the measurement level preset for each measurement point as a predetermined measurement section, The permissible layer as a three-dimensional space is calculated for each measurement section by adding the permissible width Δh to the rotated average plane, and a measurement level that is not included in this permissible layer is determined as a measurement point requiring correction, this level of measurement point and for the difference between the permissible layer was correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement, with the mean plane of the structure of the entire inclined by differential settlement, each managed by allowable layers computed bending of the beam for each measurement interval You It is possible to easily and reliably measure the level correction position and the amount of correction without skill, and even in a large-scale structure having a number of measurement points arranged at different intervals. Automated level correction can be promoted.

In the eighth invention, the allowable width Δh of the measurement level is set to an allowable value α of an angle formed by a beam passing through the measurement point.
Because it is set in advance based on the, whether or not the level of the measurement point should be corrected, and how much the correction amount is necessary can be unambiguously determined, without skill, the uneven settlement of the structure A measurement can be made.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a measurement position showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an XZ plan view of FIG. 1 showing an average plane.

FIG. 3 is an XZ plan view showing the same allowable layer.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an XZ plane showing a correction range.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing coordinates of a correction amount.

FIG. 6 is an XZ plan view of FIG. 1 showing rotation of an average plane.

FIG. 7 is an XZ plan view showing a state after the level is corrected.

FIG. 8 is an XZ plan view in the case of being configured with different measurement sections.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a level correction device.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional level correction method.

FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged view showing a beam in the X-axis direction after correction.

FIG. 12 is a partially enlarged view in the Y-axis direction.

FIG. 13 is a partially enlarged view of the beam in the Y-axis direction when the beam is further modified.

FIG. 14 is a claim correspondence diagram corresponding to any one of claims 5 to 8;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1A-1E Column 2 Beam 5 Average plane 6 Allowable layer 7A-7E Level sensor 50 Level measuring means 51 Average plane calculating means 52 Rotating means 53 Allowable layer calculating means 54 Judging means 55 Correction amount calculating means

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Hideo Yamabe 4-33 Kitahama Higashi, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Inside Obayashi Corporation (72) Inventor Isamu Kagawa 4-33 Kitahama-higashi, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Osaka Obayashi Corporation (72) Inventor Toshihiko Shimizu 4-33 Kitahama Higashi, Chuo-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture (56) References JP-A-6-264458 (JP, A) JP-A-2- 140367 (JP, A) JP-A-61-215912 (JP, A) JP-A-4-354072 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G06F 7/552 G01C 5 / 00 E02D 33/00 E02D 35/00

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. A measuring point provided with means for measuring a level at a plurality of predetermined positions of a structure is set in advance, and an average plane is calculated from the levels measured at these measuring points by a least squares method. If the inclination of the plane is within the allowable range, an allowable layer obtained by adding the predetermined allowable width Δh of the level to the average plane is calculated, and it is determined whether the measured level is included in the allowable layer. comparison, to determine the measurement point corresponding to a level exceeding the allowable layer in comparison with the correction position, the difference between this level and the permissible layer, characterized in that the correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement structure A method for measuring the amount of differential settlement of an object. 2. A measuring point provided with means for measuring a level at a plurality of predetermined positions of a structure is set in advance, and an average plane is calculated by a least square method from the levels measured at the measuring points. If the inclination of the plane exceeds the allowable range, the average plane is rotated so as to be within a predetermined angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane, and then a predetermined allowable width Δh of the level is set to the average plane. Is calculated, and whether the measured level is included in this allowable layer is compared.In this comparison, a measurement point corresponding to a level exceeding the allowable layer is determined as a correction position, level and the permissible layer and the difference of differential settlement correction quantity measuring method of the structure, characterized in that the correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement of. 3. A measuring point provided with means for measuring a level at a plurality of predetermined positions of a structure is set in advance, and an average plane is calculated by a least square method based on the level measured at these measuring points. When the inclination of the average plane exceeds the allowable range, the average plane is rotated so as to be within a predetermined angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane, and is set in advance for each predetermined measurement section. The allowable range Δh of the measurement level is calculated, the allowable layer obtained by adding the allowable range Δh to the average plane is calculated, and it is compared whether the measured level is included in the allowable layer. the permissible layer corresponding to the level exceeding the determined and corrected position measurement point, differential settlement correction amounts of the structure of the difference between this level and the permissible layer, characterized in that the correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement Measuring method. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the allowable width Δh of the measurement level is set in advance based on an allowable value α of an angle formed by a beam passing through the measurement point. A method for measuring the amount of differential settlement settlement of a structure as described in the above. 5. A means for measuring a level using a plurality of predetermined points on a structure as measurement points, a means for calculating an average plane by the least square method from the levels measured at these measurement points, and Means for calculating an allowable layer obtained by adding the allowable width Δh to the average plane; and means for determining whether the measured level is included in the allowable layer.
The determination result the allowable layer corresponding to the level exceeding the determined and corrected position measurement point in, that the difference between this level and the permissible layer and a means for calculating a correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement Characteristic device for measuring the amount of differential settlement of structures. 6. A means for measuring a level using a plurality of predetermined locations on a structure as measurement points, a means for calculating an average plane by the least square method from the levels measured at the measurement points, and a slope of the average plane. If the allowable range is exceeded, means for rotating the average plane so as to be within a predetermined angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane, and an allowance obtained by adding a preset allowable width Δh of the level to the average plane Means for calculating a layer, means for determining whether the measured level is included in the allowable layer, and determining a measurement point corresponding to a level exceeding the allowable layer as a correction position in the determination result. level and the permissible layer with difference differential settlement correction quantity measuring device of a structure, characterized in that it comprises a means for calculating a correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement of. 7. A means for measuring a level using a plurality of predetermined points on a structure as measurement points, a means for calculating an average plane by the least square method from the levels measured at these measurement points, and a slope of the average plane. A means for rotating the average plane so as to be within a predetermined angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane when the allowable range is exceeded, and an allowable width Δh of the level preset for each predetermined measurement section. Means for calculating an allowable layer obtained by adding the measured level to the average plane; means for determining whether the measured level is included in the allowable layer; and measuring points corresponding to levels exceeding the allowable layer in the determination result. was determined that the correction position, the level and the permissible layer with difference differential settlement correction quantity measuring device of a structure, characterized in that it comprises a means for calculating a correction amount [Delta] H _n of differential settlement of. 8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the allowable width Δh of the measurement level is set in advance based on an allowable value α of an angle formed by a beam passing through the measurement point. An apparatus for measuring the amount of uneven settlement of a structure as described in the above.