CN111549815A - Steel structure foundation bolt pre-embedding construction method - Google Patents
Steel structure foundation bolt pre-embedding construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111549815A CN111549815A CN202010459231.4A CN202010459231A CN111549815A CN 111549815 A CN111549815 A CN 111549815A CN 202010459231 A CN202010459231 A CN 202010459231A CN 111549815 A CN111549815 A CN 111549815A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
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Abstract
The invention provides a steel structure foundation anchor bolt pre-embedding construction method, which belongs to the field of steel structures. According to the invention, the pre-embedded bolts are fixed by adopting the shaping die steel plate, so that the relative positions of the bolts in the bolt group are kept accurate; the embedded bolts are adjusted in all directions by utilizing an independent support system and a shaping mold, and the embedded bolts have fine adjustment, high construction operation precision and small integral deviation; the steel pipe scaffold pole and the fastener turnover material are fully utilized, and the engineering investment is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel structures, and particularly relates to a construction method for embedding foundation bolts of a steel structure foundation.
Background
With the continuous progress of science and technology and the expansion of social demands, large or wide-span steel structures are being widely used in industrial, commercial and social utilities. The steel structure house becomes one of the schemes of priority due to having advantages such as engineering cost is low, construction period is short, the structure is nimble changeable, and the pre-buried construction of steel construction rag bolt is the basis and the key of steel construction installation construction.
However, the existing steel structure foundation anchor bolt pre-embedding construction method has the problems of construction deviation, large engineering input, complicated operation steps and low construction accuracy.
Therefore, the steel structure foundation anchor bolt pre-embedding construction method is very necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a steel structure foundation anchor bolt pre-embedding construction method, which aims to solve the problems of construction deviation, large engineering input amount, complex operation steps and low construction accuracy in the existing steel structure foundation anchor bolt pre-embedding construction method, and the steel structure foundation anchor bolt pre-embedding construction method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: construction preparation, namely processing and customizing foundation bolts according to design requirements, performing incoming inspection and acceptance, and providing corresponding material certification and inspection reports; determining the plane size of a steel plate of the mould according to the relative position of the embedded foundation bolt and the axis of the concrete foundation and considering the assembly requirement of the mould; the method comprises the following steps of (1) carving a cross line with a longitudinal axis and a transverse axis on a die steel plate, wherein the nicks are clear; determining the relative position of the embedded bolt on the die steel plate according to the axis nick and drilling, so that the drilling position of the die is completely matched with the hole position of the steel structure column bolt, and the accuracy and consistency of the relative position of the embedded bolt are ensured; after the die steel plate is processed, the die steel plate can be assembled on site; selecting bridge rods and studs; according to the operation requirement, if the top of the concrete foundation is in a short column shape, a hole can be dug in the center of the steel plate, and concrete is poured; positioning coordinates and elevations according to engineering design, carrying out encrypted measurement on an axis and an elevation control network, and carrying out accurate measurement on different parts; for a steel structure with a longer longitudinal axis, control piles are arranged in an encrypted manner by the axial length times smaller than that of the through ruler;
step two: binding a foundation structure reinforcing steel bar net rack, binding the foundation structure reinforcing steel bar net rack through iron wires, and removing excessive iron wire heads;
step three: installing a foundation structure template, namely fixedly installing the foundation structure template through bolts;
step four: the installation of the independent bracket system mainly comprises the following operation steps:
the first step is as follows: the method has the key points of operation, the design size of the steel structure concrete foundation is larger, the length or width of some foundations is more than 4.0 m, the upper part of the concrete foundation is usually designed into a quadrangular frustum pyramid shape, the height of a formwork is far lower than the embedded height of foundation bolts, and the embedded foundation bolts cannot be fixed by the formwork; no matter the steel mould and the wood mould have certain flexibility, the displacement deviation is larger than the allowable deviation of the embedded foundation bolt, and the precision can not meet the requirement; therefore, a set of bracket system completely independent from the template supporting system is required to ensure the embedding precision of the foundation bolt;
the second step is that: the installation is characterized in that stay wires of 0.75-0.78 m are arranged at two sides of the axis of the foundation along the longitudinal axis (the outer side of the ground beam is ensured), upright posts are arranged at two sides of the cushion layer of the foundation bearing platform along the stay wires, and the upright posts are arranged between the foundation bearing platforms along the stay wires; the vertical rod is driven into foundation soil; the installation height of the longitudinal horizontal rods is confirmed after installation calculation, the horizontal rods are installed after leveling, and the two rows of horizontal rods are kept horizontal;
the third step: the upright poles are fixed, the construction width of the foundation bearing platform is more than 2.0 m, the upright poles at the two sides of the foundation and the horizontal rods at the upper part are connected by inclined pull rods to form a door-shaped frame, and the distance between the two inclined pull rods and the nodes of the horizontal rods is 1.2-1.5 m;
the fourth step: installing and detecting the vertical rods and the horizontal rods, and erecting inclined supports towards two sides at the joints of the inclined pull rods and the horizontal rods after the vertical rods and the horizontal rods are qualified; a transverse pull rod is arranged near the inclined support on the horizontal rod to connect the two rows of brackets into a whole, and the horizontal rod and the transverse pull rod form a well-shaped frame on the upper part of the foundation;
step five: the shaping mold and the independent support system are adjusted in position, and the method mainly comprises the following operation steps:
the first step is as follows: measuring a stay wire by an instrument, measuring a longitudinal axis point and a transverse axis point on a derrick of a bracket system by using a theodolite or a total station, engraving marks by using a hacksaw blade, and drawing the stay wire to form a cross axis;
the second step is that: erecting, aligning and adjusting, namely erecting a shaping mould car rod on a horizontal rod of a vertical frame, aligning and aligning a cross-shaped cutting line on a mould steel plate with a horizontal pull line of the vertical frame axis, connecting the car rod with the horizontal rod by using a scaffold fastener, and temporarily not fastening for adjustment;
the third step: the shaping mold is adjusted in place, and after the shaping mold is initially adjusted in place, the accurate adjustment is carried out by using an axis stay wire on the derrick; loosening a fastener on the car rod, pulling a line to throw a point on the die steel plate from the axis by using a small line weight, lightly knocking the car rod, and slightly moving the shaping die back and forth, left and right to make the throwing point coincide with the nick; fine adjustment is carried out for multiple times until the cutting line of the steel plate is completely overlapped with the longitudinal axis and the transverse axis, the fastener is screwed, and the relative position of the embedded bolt group and the axis is in accordance with the design size;
step six: the pre-embedded bolt is initially adjusted in place, the position of the pre-embedded bolt is adjusted, and the initial adjustment in place is firstly carried out;
step seven: accurate adjustment of embedded bolt mainly includes the following operating procedure:
the first step is as follows: adjusting elevation, namely penetrating an embedded bolt into a drilled hole of a steel plate of the mold, reserving the length of an exposed thread according to design, and clamping the bolt from the upper part and the lower part of the mold by using two nuts; detecting the top elevation of the bolt by using a level gauge, finely adjusting by rotating the upper nut and the lower nut until the top elevation of the embedded bolt meets the design requirement, and firmly screwing the nuts without screwing;
the second step is that: adjusting the verticality, detecting the verticality of the embedded bolt screw rod in two directions one by using a horizontal ruler, slightly wrestling the screw rod without screwing the nut until the verticality in the two directions meets the requirement, and screwing the nut; the nut can be loosened for fine adjustment when necessary;
the third step: adjusting to be qualified and fixed, and after the elevation and the verticality of each bolt of one bolt group are adjusted to be qualified, performing spot welding and circle crossing connection on the root parts of the bolts of the bolt group by using short steel bars to enable the embedded bolt group on the mold to be pulled into a whole; if the embedded bolt is longer, one to two times can be added;
the fourth step: welding and supporting after adjustment, performing oblique-pull spot welding on the short steel bars and the foundation steel bar net rack after elevation and verticality adjustment is completed, and performing diagonal spot welding on two short steel bars at the bottom of the embedded bolt to support the foundation cushion;
the fifth step: determining and analyzing the space of the foundation reinforcing steel bar net rack, wherein when the space inside the foundation reinforcing steel bar net rack is large enough and does not influence the whole placement of the embedded bolts, the procedures of the installation of the embedded bolts, the verticality adjustment between the bolts, the cross-loop reinforcement and the like can be performed in advance before the installation of the shaping mold; after the die is installed, only the elevation of the bolt and the overall verticality of the bolt group need to be adjusted, and the bolt group is welded and reinforced with the foundation reinforcing steel bar net rack after being qualified;
step eight: the bolt and the shaping mold are fixed, and the method mainly comprises the following operation steps:
the first step is as follows: the method comprises the following steps of bolt checking, wherein after the embedded bolts of each foundation bearing platform are installed, axis intersection points are measured on a die steel plate by using a total station, and whether the steel plate nick intersection points and the measured axis intersection points coincide or not is checked; when the two are not overlapped, loosening the car rod fastener, lightly knocking the car rod, and finely adjusting the movable mould to be overlapped; if the deviation is overlarge, the car rod fastener and the bolt group are loosened to be connected with the foundation steel bar net rack in a reinforcing way, and the in-place adjustment and the bolt adjustment of the shaping mold are carried out again;
the second step is that: fixing the shaping mold, checking whether the distance between the bolt groups of each foundation bearing platform meets the design size by using a steel ruler, and checking whether the same row of embedded bolts of each foundation bolt group forms a line by pulling a through line; fixing a shaping mold; if the error exists, the method can be repeated for correction; checking whether the pull rod fastener and the embedded bolt nut are screwed tightly and firmly after the correction is correct;
step nine: quality inspection and acceptance, wherein after the self-inspection of the operation work class is qualified, the quality inspection and acceptance should be carried out by technicians, quality inspectors, owners, supervisors and other related personnel; checking the diameter, the number and the embedded position of the embedded bolts according to the design, and detecting the axis and elevation deviation of the embedded bolts; after the concrete is qualified, the concrete is transferred to a basic concrete pouring process;
step ten: the method comprises the following steps of pouring the steel structure foundation concrete at one time, monitoring the change of a pre-buried bolt at any time by using a level meter and a theodolite in the concrete vibrating and pouring process, and timely processing the found problem;
step eleven: concrete curing and finished product protection, and steel structures with longer longitudinal axes can adopt a segmented pre-embedding method due to the limitation of vision and instruments, control nets are encrypted, and recheck measurement of pre-embedded bolts is enhanced.
Preferably, in the step one, the thickness of the steel plate is greater than 4 cm, the diameter of the drilled hole is equal to the diameter of the embedded bolt, and the distance from the edge of the steel plate to the hole diameter edge is 3-4 cm.
Preferably, in the first step, the car rod is a short scaffold rod with a length of 1.8-2.0 m, the stud is phi 18 deformed steel or phi 20 steel pipe, and the height of the stud is 5-10 cm greater than that of the reserved bolt.
Preferably, in step four, the distance between the vertical rods in the second step is set to be 2.0-2.5 m, and two rows of vertical rods with the row spacing of 1.5-1.7 m are formed (the row spacing in actual operation is larger than the length of the steel plate of the mould).
Preferably, in the fourth step, the hardness of the foundation soil in the second step is controlled to be 30-50 cm deep and 20-22 cm higher than that of the longitudinal horizontal rods.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the construction method for driving foundation soil into the inclined support is adopted for fixing the inclined support in the fourth step, and the depth is set to be 25-30 cm.
Preferably, in the first step, the through ruler is 50 meters.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the construction method for embedding the foundation bolt of the steel structure foundation is widely applied to the technical field of steel structures. According to the invention, the pre-embedded bolts are fixed by adopting the shaping die steel plate, so that the relative positions of the bolts in the bolt group are kept accurate; the embedded bolts are adjusted in all directions by utilizing an independent support system and a shaping mold, and the embedded bolts have fine adjustment, high construction operation precision and small integral deviation; steel pipe scaffold rods and fastener turnover materials are fully utilized, and engineering investment is saved; the construction process is simple and convenient, and the operators can easily master the construction process; the invention is suitable for various steel structures of reinforced concrete foundation structure types; the invention uses an independent bracket system, utilizes a shaping mold to position and embed the bolt in advance, and pours the concrete bearing platform once through multiple accurate adjustment and correction of a theodolite or a total station to achieve accurate embedding.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a construction method for embedding foundation bolts of a steel structure foundation.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of independent rack system installation.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the positioning adjustment of the sizing die and the independent bracket system.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of the accurate adjustment of the embedded bolt.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of bolt and fixing of the shaping mold.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a die steel plate.
Fig. 7 is an assembled view of the sizing die plate.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a stand-alone stent system.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
in the figure:
as shown in figure 1
The steel structure foundation bolt pre-embedding construction method specifically comprises the following steps:
s101: construction preparation, namely, combining the construction shown in fig. 6 and 7, processing and customizing the foundation bolts according to design requirements, performing incoming inspection and acceptance, and providing corresponding material certification and inspection reports; determining the plane size of a steel plate of the mould according to the relative position of the embedded foundation bolt and the axis of the concrete foundation and considering the assembly requirement of the mould; the method comprises the following steps of (1) carving a cross line with a longitudinal axis and a transverse axis on a die steel plate, wherein the nicks are clear; determining the relative position of the embedded bolt on the die steel plate according to the axis nick and drilling, so that the drilling position of the die is completely matched with the hole position of the steel structure column bolt, and the accuracy and consistency of the relative position of the embedded bolt are ensured; after the die steel plate is processed, the die steel plate can be assembled on site; selecting bridge rods and studs; according to the operation requirement, if the top of the concrete foundation is in a short column shape, a hole can be dug in the center of the steel plate, and concrete is poured; positioning coordinates and elevations according to engineering design, carrying out encrypted measurement on an axis and an elevation control network, and carrying out accurate measurement on different parts; for a steel structure with a longer longitudinal axis, control piles are arranged in an encrypted manner by the axial length times smaller than that of the through ruler;
s102: binding a foundation structure reinforcing steel bar net rack, binding the foundation structure reinforcing steel bar net rack through iron wires, and removing excessive iron wire heads;
s103: installing a foundation structure template, namely fixedly installing the foundation structure template through bolts;
s104: the installation of the independent bracket system, as shown in fig. 2 and 8, mainly comprises the following operation steps:
s401: the method has the key points of operation, the design size of the steel structure concrete foundation is larger, the length or width of some foundations is more than 4.0 m, the upper part of the concrete foundation is usually designed into a quadrangular frustum pyramid shape, the height of a formwork is far lower than the embedded height of foundation bolts, and the embedded foundation bolts cannot be fixed by the formwork; no matter the steel mould and the wood mould have certain flexibility, the displacement deviation is larger than the allowable deviation of the embedded foundation bolt, and the precision can not meet the requirement; therefore, a set of bracket system completely independent from the template supporting system is required to ensure the embedding precision of the foundation bolt;
s402: the installation is characterized in that stay wires of 0.75-0.78 m are arranged at two sides of the axis of the foundation along the longitudinal axis (the outer side of the ground beam is ensured), upright posts are arranged at two sides of the cushion layer of the foundation bearing platform along the stay wires, and the upright posts are arranged between the foundation bearing platforms along the stay wires; the vertical rod is driven into foundation soil; the installation height of the longitudinal horizontal rods is confirmed after installation calculation, the horizontal rods are installed after leveling, and the two rows of horizontal rods are kept horizontal;
s403: the upright poles are fixed, the construction width of the foundation bearing platform is more than 2.0 m, the upright poles at the two sides of the foundation and the horizontal rods at the upper part are connected by inclined pull rods to form a door-shaped frame, and the distance between the two inclined pull rods and the nodes of the horizontal rods is 1.2-1.5 m;
s404: installing and detecting the vertical rods and the horizontal rods, and erecting inclined supports towards two sides at the joints of the inclined pull rods and the horizontal rods after the vertical rods and the horizontal rods are qualified; a transverse pull rod is arranged near the inclined support on the horizontal rod to connect the two rows of brackets into a whole, and the horizontal rod and the transverse pull rod form a well-shaped frame on the upper part of the foundation;
s105: the positioning adjustment of the shaping mold and the independent support system is shown in the combined figure 3, and mainly comprises the following operation steps:
s501: measuring a stay wire by an instrument, measuring a longitudinal axis point and a transverse axis point on a derrick of a bracket system by using a theodolite or a total station, engraving marks by using a hacksaw blade, and drawing the stay wire to form a cross axis;
s502: erecting, aligning and adjusting, namely erecting a shaping mould car rod on a horizontal rod of a vertical frame, aligning and aligning a cross-shaped cutting line on a mould steel plate with a horizontal pull line of the vertical frame axis, connecting the car rod with the horizontal rod by using a scaffold fastener, and temporarily not fastening for adjustment;
s503: after the shaping mold is initially positioned, accurately adjusting by using an axis stay wire on the derrick; loosening a fastener on the car rod, pulling a line to throw a point on the die steel plate from the axis by using a small line weight, lightly knocking the car rod, and slightly moving the shaping die back and forth, left and right to make the throwing point coincide with the nick; fine adjustment is carried out for multiple times until the cutting line of the steel plate is completely overlapped with the longitudinal axis and the transverse axis, the fastener is screwed, and the relative position of the embedded bolt group and the axis is in accordance with the design size;
s106: the pre-embedded bolt is initially adjusted in place, the position of the pre-embedded bolt is adjusted, and the initial adjustment in place is firstly carried out;
s107: the accurate adjustment of embedded bolt, as shown in combination with fig. 4, mainly includes the following operation steps:
s701: adjusting elevation, namely penetrating an embedded bolt into a drilled hole of a steel plate of the mold, reserving the length of an exposed thread according to design, and clamping the bolt from the upper part and the lower part of the mold by using two nuts; detecting the top elevation of the bolt by using a level gauge, finely adjusting by rotating the upper nut and the lower nut until the top elevation of the embedded bolt meets the design requirement, and firmly screwing the nuts without screwing;
s702: adjusting the verticality, detecting the verticality of the embedded bolt screw rod in two directions one by using a horizontal ruler, slightly wrestling the screw rod without screwing the nut until the verticality in the two directions meets the requirement, and screwing the nut; the nut can be loosened for fine adjustment when necessary;
s703: adjusting to be qualified and fixed, and after the elevation and the verticality of each bolt of one bolt group are adjusted to be qualified, performing spot welding and circle crossing connection on the root parts of the bolts of the bolt group by using short steel bars to enable the embedded bolt group on the mold to be pulled into a whole; if the embedded bolt is longer, one to two times can be added;
s704: welding and supporting after adjustment, performing oblique-pull spot welding on the short steel bars and the foundation steel bar net rack after elevation and verticality adjustment is completed, and performing diagonal spot welding on two short steel bars at the bottom of the embedded bolt to support the foundation cushion;
s705: determining and analyzing the space of the foundation reinforcing steel bar net rack, wherein when the space inside the foundation reinforcing steel bar net rack is large enough and does not influence the whole placement of the embedded bolts, the procedures of the installation of the embedded bolts, the verticality adjustment between the bolts, the cross-loop reinforcement and the like can be performed in advance before the installation of the shaping mold; after the die is installed, only the elevation of the bolt and the overall verticality of the bolt group need to be adjusted, and the bolt group is welded and reinforced with the foundation reinforcing steel bar net rack after being qualified;
s108: the bolt and the shaping mold are fixed, and as shown in a combined figure 5, the method mainly comprises the following operation steps:
s801: the method comprises the following steps of bolt checking, wherein after the embedded bolts of each foundation bearing platform are installed, axis intersection points are measured on a die steel plate by using a total station, and whether the steel plate nick intersection points and the measured axis intersection points coincide or not is checked; when the two are not overlapped, loosening the car rod fastener, lightly knocking the car rod, and finely adjusting the movable mould to be overlapped; if the deviation is overlarge, the car rod fastener and the bolt group are loosened to be connected with the foundation steel bar net rack in a reinforcing way, and the in-place adjustment and the bolt adjustment of the shaping mold are carried out again;
s802: fixing the shaping mold, checking whether the distance between the bolt groups of each foundation bearing platform meets the design size by using a steel ruler, and checking whether the same row of embedded bolts of each foundation bolt group forms a line by pulling a through line; fixing a shaping mold; if the error exists, the method can be repeated for correction; checking whether the pull rod fastener and the embedded bolt nut are screwed tightly and firmly after the correction is correct;
s109: quality inspection and acceptance, wherein after the self-inspection of the operation work class is qualified, the quality inspection and acceptance should be carried out by technicians, quality inspectors, owners, supervisors and other related personnel; checking the diameter, the number and the embedded position of the embedded bolts according to the design, and detecting the axis and elevation deviation of the embedded bolts; after the concrete is qualified, the concrete is transferred to a basic concrete pouring process;
s1010: the method comprises the following steps of pouring the steel structure foundation concrete at one time, monitoring the change of a pre-buried bolt at any time by using a level meter and a theodolite in the concrete vibrating and pouring process, and timely processing the found problem;
s1011: concrete curing and finished product protection, and steel structures with longer longitudinal axes can adopt a segmented pre-embedding method due to the limitation of vision and instruments, control nets are encrypted, and recheck measurement of pre-embedded bolts is enhanced.
Preferably, in S101, the thickness of the steel plate is greater than 4 cm, the diameter of the drilled hole is equal to the diameter of the embedded bolt, and the distance from the edge of the steel plate to the hole diameter is 3-4 cm.
Preferably, in S101, the car rod is a short scaffold rod with a length of 1.8-2.0 m, the stud is a steel pipe with a diameter of phi 18 deformed steel or phi 20 deformed steel, and the height of the stud is 5-10 cm greater than that of the reserved bolt.
Preferably, in S104, the distance between the two vertical rods in S402 is set to be 2.0-2.5 m, and two rows of vertical rods with the row spacing of 1.5-1.7 m are formed (in practice, the row spacing should be larger than the length of the steel plate of the mold).
Preferably, in S104, the hardness of the foundation soil in S402 is controlled to be 30-50 cm deep and 20-22 cm higher than the longitudinal horizontal rods.
Preferably, in S104, the inclined support is fixed by a construction method of driving into the foundation soil in S404, and the depth is set to be 25-30 cm.
Preferably, in S101, the through ruler is 50 meters.
The specific implementation example is as follows:
the Texas crystal color ceramic production workshop project is completed in 6 months in 2010 and covers 48693 square meters of project building area; 1804 bolts are embedded in the whole workshop, and the axis deviation detection statistical result is shown in the following table; the construction is operated according to the method, the overall quality of the embedded bolts of the engineering of the vehicle section is higher, the embedding accuracy is very high, and the consistent good comment of steel structure installation and construction teams, owners and supervisors is obtained.
Axis deviation detection statistical result table:
the quality pre-control measures in the specific implementation example are as follows:
firstly, when the embedded bolt enters the field for inspection, a detection tool is required to be used for inspecting one by one, so that unqualified bolts are prevented from entering an embedding process;
secondly, after the die steel plate is processed, whether the positions of the cutting lines and the drill holes, the diameters and the number of the drill holes meet the design and processing requirements or not is checked;
thirdly, the die steel plate cannot be scribed randomly, so that misuse is prevented;
fourthly, the length of the axis is determined by using a through ruler as much as possible, and the measurement accumulated error is reduced;
fifthly, the installation of the longitudinal horizontal rods of the bracket system needs to ensure the same height, and the vertical frame and two rows of adjacent longitudinal rods need to be kept horizontal, so that the setting mold can be adjusted quickly and accurately;
sixthly, monitoring the change of the bolt at any time by using an instrument in the concrete pouring process, retesting before the concrete is poured to finish final setting, and correcting the deviation generated by concrete pouring and construction collision in time;
and seventhly, during construction, the horizontal rods, the cross rods, the shaping mold and the car rods of the support system cannot be trampled and construction load cannot be increased.
The quality requirements and acceptance criteria in the specific implementation example are as follows:
firstly, the foundation bolt pre-embedding construction must comply with the acceptance criteria of construction quality of steel structure engineering (GB 50205-2001);
secondly, exposed threads and exposed nuts of the embedded bolts are protected by coating grease, so that cement paste cannot be polluted;
thirdly, the strength of the concrete is in accordance with the design requirement;
fourthly, the allowable deviation of the bearing surface is +/-3.0 mm, the allowable deviation of the center deviation of the anchor bolt is 5.0 mm, and the allowable deviation of the exposed length and the thread length of the bolt is + 30 mm.
The steel pipe scaffold rod is used as an independent support system and a shaping mold, so that turnover wood can be saved; taking texas crystal color ceramic production workshop engineering as an example, the area of the steel structure is 48693 square meters, and each hundred square meters can save turnover wood scaffold boards by about 0.27 cubic meter; the independent support system has high rigidity and stability and is easy to operate, repeated measurement and repeated adjustment are avoided, the construction precision is improved, the construction difficulty is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved; the steel structure can meet social requirements, accelerate the development of the steel structure and improve the investment rate and the utilization rate of the steel structure.
The technical solutions of the present invention or similar technical solutions designed by those skilled in the art based on the teachings of the technical solutions of the present invention are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The steel structure foundation anchor bolt pre-embedding construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: construction preparation, namely processing and customizing foundation bolts according to design requirements, performing incoming inspection and acceptance, and providing corresponding material certification and inspection reports; determining the plane size of a steel plate of the mould according to the relative position of the embedded foundation bolt and the axis of the concrete foundation and considering the assembly requirement of the mould; the method comprises the following steps of (1) carving a cross line with a longitudinal axis and a transverse axis on a die steel plate, wherein the nicks are clear; determining the relative position of the embedded bolt on the die steel plate according to the axis nick and drilling, so that the drilling position of the die is completely matched with the hole position of the steel structure column bolt, and the accuracy and consistency of the relative position of the embedded bolt are ensured; after the die steel plate is processed, the die steel plate can be assembled on site; selecting bridge rods and studs; according to the operation requirement, if the top of the concrete foundation is in a short column shape, a hole can be dug in the center of the steel plate, and concrete is poured; positioning coordinates and elevations according to engineering design, carrying out encrypted measurement on an axis and an elevation control network, and carrying out accurate measurement on different parts; for a steel structure with a longer longitudinal axis, control piles are arranged in an encrypted manner by the axial length times smaller than that of the through ruler;
step two: binding a foundation structure reinforcing steel bar net rack, binding the foundation structure reinforcing steel bar net rack through iron wires, and removing excessive iron wire heads;
step three: installing a foundation structure template, namely fixedly installing the foundation structure template through bolts;
step four: installing an independent bracket system;
step five: the shaping mould and the independent bracket system are adjusted in position;
step six: the pre-embedded bolt is initially adjusted in place, the position of the pre-embedded bolt is adjusted, and the initial adjustment in place is firstly carried out;
step seven: accurately adjusting the embedded bolt;
step eight: fixing the bolt and the shaping mold;
step nine: quality inspection and acceptance, wherein after the self-inspection of the operation work class is qualified, the quality inspection and acceptance should be carried out by technicians, quality inspectors, owners, supervisors and other related personnel; checking the diameter, the number and the embedded position of the embedded bolts according to the design, and detecting the axis and elevation deviation of the embedded bolts; after the concrete is qualified, the concrete is transferred to a basic concrete pouring process;
step ten: the method comprises the following steps of pouring the steel structure foundation concrete at one time, monitoring the change of a pre-buried bolt at any time by using a level meter and a theodolite in the concrete vibrating and pouring process, and timely processing the found problem;
step eleven: concrete curing and finished product protection, and steel structures with longer longitudinal axes can adopt a segmented pre-embedding method due to the limitation of vision and instruments, control nets are encrypted, and recheck measurement of pre-embedded bolts is enhanced.
2. The embedded construction method of the foundation bolts of the steel structure foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the installation of the independent bracket system mainly comprises the following operation steps:
the first step is as follows: the method has the key points of operation, the design size of the steel structure concrete foundation is larger, the length or width of some foundations is more than 4.0 m, the upper part of the concrete foundation is usually designed into a quadrangular frustum pyramid shape, the height of a formwork is far lower than the embedded height of foundation bolts, and the embedded foundation bolts cannot be fixed by the formwork; no matter the steel mould and the wood mould have certain flexibility, the displacement deviation is larger than the allowable deviation of the embedded foundation bolt, and the precision can not meet the requirement; therefore, a set of bracket system completely independent from the template supporting system is required to ensure the embedding precision of the foundation bolt;
the second step is that: the installation is characterized in that stay wires of 0.75-0.78 m are arranged at two sides of the axis of the foundation along the longitudinal axis (the outer side of the ground beam is ensured), upright posts are arranged at two sides of the cushion layer of the foundation bearing platform along the stay wires, and the upright posts are arranged between the foundation bearing platforms along the stay wires; the vertical rod is driven into foundation soil; the installation height of the longitudinal horizontal rods is confirmed after installation calculation, the horizontal rods are installed after leveling, and the two rows of horizontal rods are kept horizontal;
the third step: the upright poles are fixed, the construction width of the foundation bearing platform is more than 2.0 m, the upright poles at the two sides of the foundation and the horizontal rods at the upper part are connected by inclined pull rods to form a door-shaped frame, and the distance between the two inclined pull rods and the nodes of the horizontal rods is 1.2-1.5 m;
the fourth step: installing and detecting the vertical rods and the horizontal rods, and erecting inclined supports towards two sides at the joints of the inclined pull rods and the horizontal rods after the vertical rods and the horizontal rods are qualified; the horizontal rods are arranged near the inclined supports to connect the two rows of brackets into a whole, and the horizontal rods form a well-shaped frame on the upper part of the foundation.
3. The embedded construction method of the foundation bolts of the steel structure foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the positioning adjustment of the shaping mold and the independent bracket system mainly comprises the following operation steps:
the first step is as follows: measuring a stay wire by an instrument, measuring a longitudinal axis point and a transverse axis point on a derrick of a bracket system by using a theodolite or a total station, engraving marks by using a hacksaw blade, and drawing the stay wire to form a cross axis;
the second step is that: erecting, aligning and adjusting, namely erecting a shaping mould car rod on a horizontal rod of a vertical frame, aligning and aligning a cross-shaped cutting line on a mould steel plate with a horizontal pull line of the vertical frame axis, connecting the car rod with the horizontal rod by using a scaffold fastener, and temporarily not fastening for adjustment;
the third step: the shaping mold is adjusted in place, and after the shaping mold is initially adjusted in place, the accurate adjustment is carried out by using an axis stay wire on the derrick; loosening a fastener on the car rod, pulling a line to throw a point on the die steel plate from the axis by using a small line weight, lightly knocking the car rod, and slightly moving the shaping die back and forth, left and right to make the throwing point coincide with the nick; and (4) fine adjustment is carried out for multiple times until the cutting line of the steel plate is completely overlapped with the longitudinal axis and the transverse axis, the fastener is screwed, and the relative position of the embedded bolt group and the axis accords with the design size.
4. The embedded construction method of the foundation bolts of the steel structure foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the seventh step, the accurate adjustment of the embedded bolts mainly comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: adjusting elevation, namely penetrating an embedded bolt into a drilled hole of a steel plate of the mold, reserving the length of an exposed thread according to design, and clamping the bolt from the upper part and the lower part of the mold by using two nuts; detecting the top elevation of the bolt by using a level gauge, finely adjusting by rotating the upper nut and the lower nut until the top elevation of the embedded bolt meets the design requirement, and firmly screwing the nuts without screwing;
the second step is that: adjusting the verticality, detecting the verticality of the embedded bolt screw rod in two directions one by using a horizontal ruler, slightly wrestling the screw rod without screwing the nut until the verticality in the two directions meets the requirement, and screwing the nut; the nut can be loosened for fine adjustment when necessary;
the third step: adjusting to be qualified and fixed, and after the elevation and the verticality of each bolt of one bolt group are adjusted to be qualified, performing spot welding and circle crossing connection on the root parts of the bolts of the bolt group by using short steel bars to enable the embedded bolt group on the mold to be pulled into a whole; if the embedded bolt is longer, one to two times can be added;
the fourth step: welding and supporting after adjustment, performing oblique-pull spot welding on the short steel bars and the foundation steel bar net rack after elevation and verticality adjustment is completed, and performing diagonal spot welding on two short steel bars at the bottom of the embedded bolt to support the foundation cushion;
the fifth step: determining and analyzing the space of the foundation reinforcing steel bar net rack, wherein when the space inside the foundation reinforcing steel bar net rack is large enough and does not influence the whole placement of the embedded bolts, the procedures of the installation of the embedded bolts, the verticality adjustment between the bolts, the cross-loop reinforcement and the like can be performed in advance before the installation of the shaping mold; after the die is installed, only the elevation of the bolt and the whole verticality of the bolt group need to be adjusted, and the bolt is welded and reinforced with the foundation reinforcing steel bar net rack after being qualified.
5. The embedded construction method of the foundation bolts of the steel structure foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the eighth step, the bolts and the shaping mold are fixed, and the method mainly comprises the following operation steps:
the first step is as follows: the method comprises the following steps of bolt checking, wherein after the embedded bolts of each foundation bearing platform are installed, axis intersection points are measured on a die steel plate by using a total station, and whether the steel plate nick intersection points and the measured axis intersection points coincide or not is checked; when the two are not overlapped, loosening the car rod fastener, lightly knocking the car rod, and finely adjusting the movable mould to be overlapped; if the deviation is overlarge, the car rod fastener and the bolt group are loosened to be connected with the foundation steel bar net rack in a reinforcing way, and the in-place adjustment and the bolt adjustment of the shaping mold are carried out again;
the second step is that: fixing the shaping mold, checking whether the distance between the bolt groups of each foundation bearing platform meets the design size by using a steel ruler, and checking whether the same row of embedded bolts of each foundation bolt group forms a line by pulling a through line; fixing a shaping mold; if the error exists, the method can be repeated for correction; and checking whether the pull rod fastener and the embedded bolt nut are screwed tightly and firmly after the correction is correct.
6. The embedded construction method of foundation bolts of steel structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step one, the thickness of the steel plate is greater than 4 cm, the bore diameter is equal to the diameter of the embedded bolts, and the thickness from the edge of the steel plate to the bore diameter is 3-4 cm.
7. The steel structure foundation bolt embedded construction method according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the car rods are short ones with a length of 1.8-2.0 m, the studs are phi 18 deformed steel or phi 20 steel tubes, and the height of the studs is 5-10 cm greater than the height of the reserved bolts.
8. The embedded construction method of the foundation bolts of the steel structure foundation as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the fourth step, the distance between the vertical rods in the second step is set to be 2.0-2.5 m, and two rows of vertical rods with the row distance of 1.5-1.7 m are formed (in actual operation, the row distance should be larger than the length of the steel plate of the mold).
9. The embedded construction method of foundation bolts of steel structure foundation as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the fourth step, the hardness of the foundation soil in the second step is controlled to be 30-50 cm deep and 20-22 cm higher than the vertical horizontal rods.
10. The embedded construction method of the foundation bolts of the steel structure foundation as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the fourth step, the diagonal brace fixing in the fourth step is performed by a construction method of driving foundation soil, and the depth is set to 25-30 cm.
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| CN202010459231.4A CN111549815A (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | Steel structure foundation bolt pre-embedding construction method |
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| CN202010459231.4A CN111549815A (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | Steel structure foundation bolt pre-embedding construction method |
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