CN108093979B - Method for installing and constructing photovoltaic power generation body of light-agricultural combined greenhouse - Google Patents
Method for installing and constructing photovoltaic power generation body of light-agricultural combined greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/243—Collecting solar energy
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/36—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making without use of mouldpipes or other moulds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
- H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
- H02S20/23—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures
- H02S20/25—Roof tile elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
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Abstract
A method for installing and constructing a Guannong combined greenhouse photovoltaic power generation body comprises the steps that in the range of a photovoltaic array, the Guannong combined greenhouse photovoltaic power generation body comprises a plurality of upright column base plates, a plurality of H-shaped steel upright columns installed on the upright column base plates, a plurality of H-shaped steel cross beams, a plurality of large purlins which are erected on the H-shaped steel cross beams in parallel and fixedly connected with the H-shaped steel cross beams, a plurality of small purlins which are erected on the large purlins in parallel and fixedly connected with the large purlins, and photovoltaic panels which are arranged on the small purlins in an array distribution manner; the installation and construction method specifically comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of construction preparation, civil foundation construction, installation and leveling of a stand bottom plate, measurement of the elevation of all stand bottom plates, calculation of the height of an H-shaped steel stand, assembly of steel columns and steel beams, hoisting of the steel columns and the steel beams, installation of large purlins, small purlins and photovoltaic panels, and completion acceptance check. The photovoltaic power generation body of the Guannong combined greenhouse is simple and visual in design and convenient to construct.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a method for installing and constructing a photovoltaic power generation body of a light and agricultural combined greenhouse.
Background
With the rapid development of economy, photovoltaic power generation is taken as a green and environment-friendly energy source and is actively popularized and applied in China, but the photovoltaic power generation body occupies a large area, and if only power generation is considered, a large amount of land is occupied, so that the land is greatly wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a photovoltaic power generation body installation and construction method of a light-agriculture combined greenhouse, aiming at improving the prior technical scheme, and through a combination body of the photovoltaic greenhouse and an agricultural planting greenhouse, the light-agriculture combined solar power generation system with double functions of power generation and planting is provided, so that the light-agriculture combination not only saves the land for building a ground power station, but also can convert the power on site, can be used nearby, reduces the loss in power transmission and greatly improves the comprehensive utilization rate of energy. To solve the above problems of the prior art.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows: a method for installing and constructing a photovoltaic power generation body of a Guannong combined greenhouse comprises the following steps that in the range of a photovoltaic array, the photovoltaic power generation body of the Guannong combined greenhouse comprises (n + 1) upright column base plates, (n + 1) H-shaped steel upright columns installed on the upright column base plates, n H-shaped steel cross beams, a plurality of large purlins which are erected on the H-shaped steel cross beams in parallel and fixedly connected with the H-shaped steel cross beams, a plurality of small purlins which are erected on the large purlins in parallel and fixedly connected with the large purlins, and photovoltaic panels which are arranged on the small purlins in an array distribution mode, wherein n is a natural number larger than 2; the H-shaped steel cross beam is composed of a long steel beam and a short steel beam, the two steel beams are connected in an obtuse angle, two ends of the H-shaped steel cross beam are respectively connected with the H-shaped steel upright, the long steel beam is provided with a plurality of connecting pieces, and the connecting pieces are provided with bolt holes; the large purline is connected with the long steel beam through a connecting piece; the mounting and construction method of the photovoltaic power generation body of the light and agriculture combined greenhouse specifically comprises the following steps: A. construction preparation; B. constructing a civil engineering foundation; C. installing and leveling a base plate of the upright post; D. measuring the elevations of all the upright post bottom plates and calculating the height of the H-shaped steel upright post; E. assembling steel columns and steel beams; F. hoisting a steel column and a steel beam; G. mounting a large purline and a small purline; H. mounting a photovoltaic panel; I. and (5) finishing and acceptance.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the step A and the construction preparation comprise the following steps:
a1, carrying out on-site investigation on the construction area range;
a2, cleaning a construction site;
a3, positioning constructors, construction materials and construction machinery equipment;
a4, and meeting the requirements of familiar construction schemes and technologies.
The process flow of the civil engineering foundation construction in the step B is as follows: GPS measurement and positioning placement → auger drilling → manufacturing a reinforcement cage → placing the reinforcement cage for pouring → installing foundation bolts;
b1, GPS measurement positioning point placement: finding the pile position center of each pile foundation in the range of the photovoltaic array, wherein at least three pile position center reference points are taken, two instruments are respectively placed at points and mutually contrasted to determine and reduce errors, each measurement is required to be accurately centered, each coordinate point is required to be subjected to point position retesting, and a GPS base station is erected at a measurement range height-making point;
b2, forming holes by auger:
b21, leveling the pile position when the drill is in place and needs to be leveled and installed, making the driving drill rod vertical and keeping the three points of the drill head sheave, the center of the power disc and the center of the pile position in a line, making the drill rod vertical, and drilling holes in the back of the experience folding lattice;
b22, in the drilling process, ensuring the verticality, adopting a small-pressure slow-rotating-speed rotary digging, not reaching too fast, necessarily paying close attention to the stability of the hole wall, and preventing the quality problems of hole collapse, hole shrinkage and the like caused by the change of local soil layers of the site;
b23, in the hole forming process, a plumb bob is often used for checking the verticality of the pile pipe, the deviation is found and timely adjusted, and the hole forming verticality is ensured to be less than or equal to 1.5%;
b24, checking the pore-forming quality: the diameter of the formed hole is not more than 450mm of the designed pile diameter; the depth of the formed hole is not less than the designed hole depth, and the allowable error is-5 cm- +10 cm; the deviation of the center of the orifice is less than or equal to 5 cm;
b3, manufacturing a reinforcement cage: processing according to a design drawing, wherein all steel bar weldments need to meet the standard requirements, and the welding line is full and has no air holes or holes; the manufactured reinforcement cage is stably placed on a flat ground, and can be put into a hole after being checked to be qualified;
b4, casting a reinforcement cage:
b41, manually lifting and slightly lifting;
b42, aligning hole positions when the steel bar cage is inserted into the holes, keeping the cage body vertical, slightly placing the cage body into the holes slowly, preventing the cage body and the hole walls from being abraded, and preventing the cage body from rotating left and right; if the downward movement is stopped when the obstacle happens, finding out the reason for processing, and strictly forbidding the violent downward movement and the forced downward movement;
b43, pouring concrete, namely, conveying the concrete to the position near a hole by a concrete conveying tanker, pouring the concrete into a hopper by a conveying pump, continuously pouring the concrete into the hole by a guide pipe, and tamping by a vibrating rod;
b5, mounting foundation bolts, centering the corresponding pull wires of the front and rear pile foundations before the foundation bolts are mounted, aligning the pull wires with the pull center lines as the middle points of the positioning templates of the foundation bolts, and fixing the points of the pile foundations at intervals by using a steel ruler or a GPS; when the foundation bolts are installed, U-shaped bolts are adopted, the burial depth of the U-shaped bolts is not less than 20 times of the diameter of the bolts, and the center distance of the U-shaped bolts is consistent with the center distance of the installation bolt holes of the upright post base plate; the embedded foundation bolts are fixed by adopting positioning templates.
And C, mounting and leveling the bottom plate of the upright post: the method comprises the steps of firstly checking the quality of embedded foundation bolt threads, removing floating rust or sundries on the threads, then sequentially installing 4 matched lower nuts on the foundation bolt, penetrating a stand column bottom plate into the foundation bolt, placing the foundation bolt on the adjusted lower nut, placing an upper cushion block and an upper nut on the foundation bolt in sequence after the stand column bottom plate is placed, and adjusting a steel bottom plate to be horizontal before tightening the nut.
And D, measuring the elevations of all the upright post bottom plates and calculating the height of the H-shaped steel upright post: and (4) correctly recording the elevation value of each base bottom plate surface.
The process flow of assembling the steel columns and the steel beams in the step E is as follows:
e1, cleaning friction surfaces of the H-shaped steel upright post and the H-shaped steel beam of the component to be assembled;
e2, mounting and fixing the H-shaped steel beam on the corresponding H-shaped steel upright column through bolts to form a steel column and a steel beam, wherein the steel beam with the longest splicing length of the steel column and the steel beam is limited to 2 spans; the H-shaped steel beam comprises a long steel beam and a short steel beam, the long steel beam and the short steel beam are connected through bolts at an obtuse angle, and a plurality of connecting pieces are welded on the long steel beam; the stress of the bolt penetrating direction is consistent, and bolt holes which cannot be penetrated freely are repaired by a reamer or an iron file, so that the bolts cannot be installed forcibly or cut by flame; the final diameter of the repaired screw hole is not more than 1.2D, wherein D is the nominal diameter of the bolt hole; when repairing the hole, all the peripheral bolts are screwed, and temporary measures are taken to cover and protect the close adhesion of the plate stacks so as to prevent chips from falling into the plate stacks; one side of the nut boss of the bolt is attached to the chamfered surface of the washer.
And F, hoisting the steel column and the steel beam by the following process flow:
f1, checking positioning axes, base axes and elevations of the foundation and the members before mounting the steel columns and the steel beams; cleaning the bottom plate of the upright post;
f2, when hoisting, firstly hoisting the assembled steel column and steel beam to about 0.5 m away from the ground, adjusting the horizontal position, ensuring safety, slowly lifting the hook, hoisting the component to a height above the installation height, adjusting the steel column and steel beam to the installation direction by using a sliding rope, and slowly falling the hook to the installation position;
f3, after the steel column and the steel beam are hung above the foundation, operators stand the positions respectively, stabilize the column base and position the column base on the column base plate, stop hooking when the H-shaped steel column is lowered onto the column base plate, pry the column by a crowbar, align the center of the column base with the center line of the column base, and immediately perform spot welding and positioning after checking that the axis of the column base is aligned with the axis of the steel base plate;
f4, when the steel column and the steel beam are installed, checking the strength and the stability of the steel member which is easy to deform, and taking reinforcement measures; after the steel member is installed in place, immediately correcting and fixing; the steel member after installation should form stable space system.
Step G, mounting a large purline and a small purline: according to the drawing requirements, the type and the size of used purlins are determined firstly, the materials are paved to a mounting point, the mounting is started after the materials are prepared, a plurality of large purlins are erected on a plurality of H-shaped steel cross beams in parallel and are mounted and fixed on inclined long steel beams through connecting pieces and matched with bolts, a plurality of small parallel purlins are erected on a plurality of large purlins and are fixed with the large purlins, and the correction is performed while the mounting is performed.
The process flow of the step H and the photovoltaic panel installation is as follows:
h1, before installing the photovoltaic panel, installing the same technical parameters of the photovoltaic panel on the same assembly string;
h2, when the photovoltaic panel is installed, the photovoltaic panel is lightly taken and placed to prevent hard objects from scratching and impacting surface glass; the installation position of the photovoltaic panel on the bracket and the arrangement mode of the junction boxes meet the regulations of a construction drawing; the two photovoltaic panels are fixed on the small purlines through the middle piece, and the single photovoltaic panel is fixed on the small purlines through the edge pressing piece; when the fixing surface of the photovoltaic panel is not matched with the surface of the bracket, the connecting screw can be fastened after the pressing block component is flatly padded by an iron gasket, the connecting screw is matched by strictly prohibiting a method of screwing the connecting screw, and the fixing bolt is screwed with the anti-loosening gasket;
the connecting wires between the H3 and the photovoltaic panels are all connected by MC4 plugs, the electric wires between the photovoltaic panels are fixed on the cross beams of the bracket by nylon ribbons and the like, the electric cables are required to be orderly, and the phenomenon of messy and loose is avoided;
h4, after the photovoltaic panel is installed, connecting the series connection lines of each row of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic modules arranged in a matrix manner, and fixing the cable on the photovoltaic bracket by using a metal binding band; after the photovoltaic module is connected with the series connection line, the series voltage test is carried out and the record is made.
The content of the finished acceptance of the step I comprises the following steps: and the tightness of the bolts, the installation and acceptance of the steel column and the steel frame, the welding and acceptance, the installation quantity of the photovoltaic modules, the wiring and the upper surface flatness of the modules are accepted.
Therefore, compared with the prior art, the method for installing and constructing the photovoltaic power generation body of the Guannong combined greenhouse has the following beneficial effects:
1. the photovoltaic power generation body of the Guannong combined greenhouse is simple and visual in design and convenient to construct.
2. The construction process is simple, safe and reliable, and does not have high-altitude operation.
3. The problems of large occupied area and land waste of photovoltaic power generation are solved.
4. The light agriculture combined solar photovoltaic power generation body has good economic benefit.
The technical features of the installation and construction method of the photovoltaic power generation body of the Guannong combined greenhouse of the invention are further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the photovoltaic power generation body section structure schematic diagram of the light farm combined greenhouse of the embodiment;
FIG. 2: in the embodiment, the steel column and the steel beam are spliced schematically;
FIG. 3: each purline is installed schematically;
FIG. 4: the installation of a large purline and an H-shaped steel beam in the embodiment is schematically shown;
FIG. 5: the photovoltaic panel installation schematic diagram I of the photovoltaic power generation body of the combined greenhouse of the light farm is shown;
FIG. 6: a cross-sectional view of a large purlin in this embodiment;
FIG. 7: the structural schematic diagram of the medium and small purlins in the embodiment is shown;
FIG. 8: in the embodiment, the cross section of a small purlin is shown;
FIG. 9: the photovoltaic panel installation schematic diagram of the photovoltaic power generation body of the combined greenhouse of the photo-farming and the greenhouse is II;
FIG. 10: an enlarged view of a in fig. 9;
FIG. 11: an enlarged view of B in fig. 9;
FIG. 12: and (5) arranging a diagram of the light agriculture combined greenhouse unit square matrix ceiling purlines.
In the figure:
1-upright column bottom plate, 2-H-shaped steel upright column, 3-connecting bolt, 4-H-shaped steel beam, 41-long steel beam, 42-short steel beam, 43-connecting piece and 44-bolt hole; 5-large purline, 6-small purline and 7-photovoltaic panel; 8-side pressing block, 81-middle pressing piece and 82-side pressing piece; 9-medium briquetting.
Detailed Description
A method for installing and constructing a photovoltaic power generation body of a Guannong combined greenhouse is disclosed, wherein in the range of a photovoltaic array, referring to figures 1-3, fig. 12 shows that the photovoltaic power generation body for the Guannong combined greenhouse comprises (n + 1) upright base plates 1, (n + 1) H-shaped steel uprights 2 mounted on the upright base plates 1, n H-shaped steel cross beams 4, a plurality of large purlins 5 (the cross sections of the large purlins 5 are U-shaped as shown in fig. 6) which are erected on the H-shaped steel cross beams 4 in parallel and fixedly connected with the H-shaped steel cross beams 4, a plurality of small purlins 6 (the shapes of the small purlins 6 are shown in fig. 7 and 8) which are erected on the large purlins 5 in parallel and fixedly connected with the large purlins 5, and photovoltaic panels 7 which are arranged on the small purlins 6 in an array distribution manner, wherein n is a natural number greater than 2, the value of n is fetched according to the engineering size, and if the n is a large project, the n can be thousands to tens of thousands; the H-shaped steel cross beam 4 is composed of a long steel beam 41 and a short steel beam 42, the two sections of steel beams are connected in an obtuse angle, two ends of the H-shaped steel cross beam 4 are respectively connected with the H-shaped steel upright posts 2, the long steel beam 41 is provided with a plurality of connecting pieces 43, and the connecting pieces 43 are provided with bolt holes 44; the large purline 5 is connected with the long steel beam 41 through a connecting piece 43; the mounting and construction method of the photovoltaic power generation body of the light and agriculture combined greenhouse specifically comprises the following steps: A. construction preparation; B. constructing a civil engineering foundation; C. installing and leveling the upright post base plate 1; D. measuring the elevations of all the upright post bottom plates 1 and calculating the height of the H-shaped steel upright post 2; E. assembling steel columns and steel beams; F. hoisting a steel column and a steel beam; G. mounting a large purline and a small purline; H. mounting a photovoltaic panel; I. and (5) finishing and acceptance.
The step A and the construction preparation comprise the following steps:
a1, carrying out on-site investigation on the construction area range; and (4) estimating the difficult points possibly existing in the construction range.
A2, cleaning a construction site; and (4) cleaning weeds and impurities in the construction range.
A3, positioning constructors, construction materials and construction machinery equipment; ensuring that the construction material reaches a construction site and is taken at any time; various instruments, tools or mechanical equipment are needed, and constructors are in place.
A4, and meeting the requirements of familiar construction schemes and technologies. And (4) making a technical and safety trade-off before construction for a construction team, and enabling a team leader and workers to know familiar drawings.
The process flow of the civil engineering foundation construction in the step B is as follows: GPS (GPS-RTK) measurement positioning point placement → auger hole formation → steel reinforcement cage manufacturing → steel reinforcement cage casting → foundation bolt installation;
b1, GPS (GPS-RTK) measurement positioning point: finding the pile position center of each pile foundation in the range of the photovoltaic array, taking at least three pile position center reference points, respectively placing points by using two calibrated instruments, mutually contrasting, determining and reducing errors, requiring accurate centering in each measurement, performing point position retest on each coordinate point, and erecting a GPS base station on a measurement range elevation point;
b2, forming holes by auger:
b21, leveling the pile position when the drill is in place and needs to be leveled and installed, making the driving drill rod vertical and keeping the three points of the drill head sheave, the center of the power disc and the center of the pile position in a line, making the drill rod vertical, and drilling holes in the qualified drill rod after being checked by a quality worker;
b22, in the drilling process, ensuring the verticality, adopting a small-pressure slow-rotating-speed rotary digging, not reaching too fast, necessarily paying close attention to the stability of the hole wall, and preventing the quality problems of hole collapse, hole shrinkage and the like caused by the change of local soil layers of the site;
b23, in the hole forming process, a plumb bob is often used for checking the verticality of the pile pipe, the deviation is found and timely adjusted, and the hole forming verticality is ensured to be less than or equal to 1.5%;
b24, checking the pore-forming quality: the diameter of the formed hole is not more than 450mm of the designed pile diameter; the depth of the formed hole is not less than the designed hole depth, and the allowable error is-5 cm- +10 cm; the deviation of the center of the orifice is less than or equal to 5 cm;
b3, manufacturing a reinforcement cage: processing according to a design drawing, wherein all steel bar weldments need to meet the standard requirements, and the welding line is full and has no air holes or holes; the manufactured reinforcement cage is stably placed on a flat ground, and can be put into a hole after being checked to be qualified; and (4) performing a group of welding tension tests on every 200 welding parts in construction, and checking whether the welding quality meets the requirements. The permissible errors of the geometric dimension when the reinforcement cage is manufactured are as follows:
| item | Error value |
| Main rib spacing | ±10mm |
| Space between stirrups | ±20mm |
| Diameter of reinforcement cage | ±10mm |
| Length of | ±100mm |
B4, casting a reinforcement cage:
b41, manually lifting and slightly lifting;
b42, aligning hole positions when the steel bar cage is inserted into the holes, keeping the cage body vertical, slightly placing the cage body into the holes slowly, preventing the cage body and the hole walls from being abraded, and preventing the cage body from rotating left and right; if the downward movement is stopped when the obstacle happens, finding out the reason for processing, and strictly forbidding the violent downward movement and the forced downward movement;
b43, pouring concrete, namely, conveying the concrete to the position near a hole by a concrete conveying tanker, pouring the concrete into a hopper by a conveying pump, continuously pouring the concrete into the hole by a guide pipe, and tamping by a vibrating rod; the bearing capacity of the cast-in-situ bored pile is mainly the concrete mass of the pile body except for stratum factors. The construction quality is mainly related to the process parameters such as the mix proportion, the initial pouring quantity of the first batch of concrete, the embedding depth of the guide pipe, the pouring strength of the concrete, the rising speed of the concrete surface and the like.
B5, mounting foundation bolts, centering the corresponding pull wires of the front and rear pile foundations before the foundation bolts are mounted, aligning the pull wires with the pull center lines as the middle points of the positioning templates of the foundation bolts, and fixing the points of the pile foundations at intervals by using a steel ruler or a GPS; when the foundation bolts are installed, U-shaped bolts are adopted, the burial depth of the U-shaped bolts is not less than 20 times of the diameter of the bolts, and the center distance of the U-shaped bolts is consistent with the center distance of the installation bolt holes of the upright post base plate; the embedded foundation bolts and the steel structure foundation mounting bolts are fixed by adopting positioning templates.
And C, mounting and leveling the bottom plate of the upright post: the method comprises the steps of firstly checking the quality of embedded foundation bolt threads, removing floating rust or sundries on the threads, then sequentially installing 4 matched lower nuts on the foundation bolt (4 nuts are basically located in one plane), then penetrating a stand column base plate into the foundation bolt, placing the foundation bolt on the adjusted lower nut, after the stand column base plate is placed, sequentially placing a cushion block and an upper nut on the foundation bolt, and before the nut is tightened, adjusting a steel base plate to be horizontal by using a horizontal ruler (or a related horizontal calibration instrument).
And D, measuring the elevations of all the upright post bottom plates 1 and calculating the height of the H-shaped steel upright post 2: and (4) correctly recording the elevation value of each base bottom plate surface.
The process flow of assembling the steel columns and the steel beams in the step E is as follows:
e1, cleaning friction surfaces of the H-shaped steel upright post 2 and the H-shaped steel beam 4 which need to be assembled;
e2, mounting and fixing the H-shaped steel cross beam 4 on the corresponding H-shaped steel upright 2 through bolts 3 to form a steel column and a steel beam, wherein the steel beam with the longest assembly length of the steel column and the steel beam is limited to 2 spans (see figure 2); the H-shaped steel beam 4 comprises a long steel beam 41 and a short steel beam 42, the long steel beam and the short steel beam are connected through bolts at an obtuse angle, and 3 connecting pieces 43 are welded on the long steel beam; the stress of the bolt penetrating direction is consistent, and bolt holes which cannot be penetrated freely are repaired by a reamer or an iron file, so that the bolts cannot be installed forcibly or cut by flame; the final diameter of the repaired screw hole is not more than 1.2D, wherein D is the nominal diameter of the bolt hole; when repairing the hole, all the peripheral bolts are screwed, and temporary measures are taken to cover and protect the close adhesion of the plate stacks so as to prevent chips from falling into the plate stacks; one side of the nut boss of the bolt is attached to the chamfered surface of the washer.
And F, hoisting the steel column and the steel beam by the following process flow:
f1, checking positioning axes, base axes and elevations of the foundation and the members before mounting the steel columns and the steel beams; cleaning the bottom plate of the upright post;
f2, when hoisting, firstly hoisting the assembled steel column and steel beam to about 0.5 m away from the ground, adjusting the horizontal position, ensuring safety, slowly lifting the hook, hoisting the component to a height above the installation height, adjusting the steel column and steel beam to the installation direction by using a sliding rope, and slowly falling the hook to the installation position;
f3, after the steel column and the steel beam are hung above the foundation, operators stand the positions respectively, stabilize the column base and position the column base on the column base plate, stop hooking when the H-shaped steel column is lowered onto the column base plate, pry the column by a crowbar, align the center of the column base with the center line of the column base, and immediately perform spot welding and positioning after checking that the axis of the column base is aligned with the axis of the steel base plate;
f4, when the steel column and the steel beam are installed, checking the strength and the stability of the steel member which is easy to deform, and taking reinforcement measures; after the steel member is installed in place, immediately correcting and fixing; the steel member after installation should form stable space system.
And G, mounting large purlins and small purlins (see figure 3): according to the drawing requirements, the type and the size of purlines are determined firstly, the purlines are paved to a mounting point, the mounting is started after the material preparation is completed, a plurality of large purlines are erected on a plurality of H-shaped steel cross beams 4 in parallel and are fixedly mounted on inclined long steel beams 41 through connecting pieces 43 matched with bolts (see figure 4), a plurality of small parallel purlines 6 are erected on a plurality of large purlines 5 and are fixed with the large purlines 5 (see figure 5), and the correction is performed while the mounting is performed.
The process flow of the step H and the photovoltaic panel installation is as follows:
h1, before installing the photovoltaic panel, installing the same technical parameters of the photovoltaic panel on the same assembly string;
h2, when the photovoltaic panel is installed, the photovoltaic panel is lightly taken and placed to prevent hard objects from scratching and impacting surface glass; the installation position of the photovoltaic panel on the bracket and the arrangement mode of the junction boxes meet the regulations of a construction drawing; two photovoltaic panels are fixed on the small purlines by using middle pressing pieces 81, and a single photovoltaic panel is fixed on the small purlines by using edge pressing pieces 82; when the fixed surface of the photovoltaic panel is not matched with the surface of the bracket, the connecting screw can be fastened after the pressing block component (namely the side pressing block 8 or the middle pressing block 9) is flattened by using an iron gasket, the connecting screw is matched by strictly forbidding a method of screwing the connecting screw, and the fixing bolt is screwed with the anti-loosening gasket (see fig. 5 and 9-12);
the connecting wires between the H3 and the photovoltaic panels are all connected by MC4 plugs, the electric wires between the photovoltaic panels are fixed on the cross beams of the bracket by nylon ribbons and the like, the electric cables are required to be orderly, and the phenomenon of messy and loose is avoided;
h4, after the photovoltaic panel is installed, connecting the series connection lines of each row of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic modules arranged in a matrix manner, and fixing the cable on the photovoltaic bracket by using a metal binding band; after the photovoltaic module is connected with the series connection line, the series voltage test is required to be carried out to determine whether the series voltage test is normal or not, and a record is made.
The content of the finished acceptance of the step I comprises the following steps: and the tightness of the bolts, the installation and acceptance of the steel column and the steel frame, the welding and acceptance, the installation quantity of the photovoltaic modules, the wiring and the upper surface flatness of the modules are accepted. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1. Because the steel construction installation uses the bolt more, carefully inspect during the inspection whether each bolt is turned round tightly, the tight degree of tightness that the bolt was turned round was spot-checked.
2. The steel column of the photovoltaic greenhouse steel structure is installed horizontally and vertically and is not uneven.
3. The purline has the crookedness because of length is longer, and the bending error should be in allowed range, and what install on the purline face is photovoltaic module, should level and smooth reliable.
4. The welding quality meets the requirements of the drawing specification.
5. The installation quantity of the components and the wiring of the components are required to meet the requirements of drawings, and the components cannot be neglected to install and the wiring cannot be neglected to connect.
6. The flatness of the upper surface of the component meets the specification requirements.
7. The surfaces of the steel frame and the components are kept clean, and the phenomenon of dirt is not allowed to occur.
Claims (7)
1. A method for installing and constructing a photovoltaic power generation body of a Guannong combined greenhouse is characterized by comprising the following steps of: within the range of a photovoltaic array, the photovoltaic power generation body of the Guannong combined greenhouse comprises n +1 upright base plates (1), n + 1H-shaped steel uprights (2) arranged on the upright base plates (1), n H-shaped steel cross beams (4), a plurality of large purlins (5) which are erected on the H-shaped steel cross beams (4) in parallel and fixedly connected with the H-shaped steel cross beams (4), a plurality of small purlins (6) which are erected on the large purlins (5) in parallel and fixedly connected with the large purlins (5), and photovoltaic panels (7) which are arranged on the small purlins (6) in an array distribution manner, wherein n is a natural number larger than 2; the H-shaped steel cross beam (4) is composed of a long steel beam (41) and a short steel beam (42), the two sections of steel beams are connected in an obtuse angle, two ends of the H-shaped steel cross beam (4) are respectively connected with the H-shaped steel upright post (2), a plurality of connecting pieces (43) are arranged on the long steel beam (41), and bolt holes (44) are formed in the connecting pieces (43); the large purline (5) is connected with the long steel beam (41) through a connecting piece (43); the mounting and construction method of the photovoltaic power generation body of the light and agriculture combined greenhouse specifically comprises the following steps: A. construction preparation; B. constructing a civil engineering foundation; C. installing and leveling a base plate of the upright post; D. measuring the elevations of all the upright post bottom plates and calculating the height of the H-shaped steel upright post; E. assembling steel columns and steel beams; F. hoisting a steel column and a steel beam; G. mounting a large purline and a small purline; H. mounting a photovoltaic panel; I. completing acceptance;
the process flow of the civil engineering foundation construction in the step B is as follows: GPS measurement and positioning placement → auger drilling → manufacturing a reinforcement cage → placing the reinforcement cage for pouring → installing foundation bolts;
b1, GPS measurement positioning point placement: finding the pile position center of each pile foundation in the range of the photovoltaic array, wherein at least three pile position center reference points are taken, two instruments are respectively placed at points and mutually contrasted to determine and reduce errors, each measurement is required to be accurately centered, each coordinate point is required to be subjected to point position retesting, and a GPS base station is erected at a measurement range height-making point;
b2, forming holes by auger:
b21, leveling the pile position when the drill is in place and needs to be leveled and installed, making the driving drill rod vertical and keeping the three points of the drill head sheave, the center of the power disc and the center of the pile position in a line, making the drill rod vertical, and drilling holes in the back of the experience folding lattice;
b22, in the drilling process, ensuring the verticality, adopting a small-pressure slow-rotating-speed rotary digging, not reaching too fast, and necessarily paying close attention to the stability of the hole wall, so as to prevent the quality problems of hole collapse and hole shrinkage caused by the change of local soil layers of the site;
b23, in the hole forming process, a plumb bob is often used for checking the verticality of the pile pipe, the deviation is found and timely adjusted, and the hole forming verticality is ensured to be less than or equal to 1.5%;
b24, checking the pore-forming quality: the diameter of the formed hole is not more than 450mm of the designed pile diameter; the depth of the formed hole is not less than the designed hole depth, and the allowable error is-5 cm- +10 cm; the deviation of the center of the orifice is less than or equal to 5 cm;
b3, manufacturing a reinforcement cage: processing according to a design drawing, wherein all steel bar weldments need to meet the standard requirements, and the welding line is full and has no air holes or holes; the manufactured reinforcement cage is stably placed on a flat ground, and can be put into a hole after being checked to be qualified;
b4, casting a reinforcement cage:
b41, manually lifting and slightly lifting;
b42, aligning hole positions when the steel bar cage is inserted into the holes, keeping the cage body vertical, slightly placing the cage body into the holes slowly, preventing the cage body and the hole walls from being abraded, and preventing the cage body from rotating left and right; if the downward movement is stopped when the obstacle happens, finding out the reason for processing, and strictly forbidding the violent downward movement and the forced downward movement;
b43, pouring concrete, namely, conveying the concrete to the position near a hole by a concrete conveying tanker, pouring the concrete into a hopper by a conveying pump, continuously pouring the concrete into the hole by a guide pipe, and tamping by a vibrating rod;
b5, mounting foundation bolts, centering the corresponding pull wires of the front and rear pile foundations before the foundation bolts are mounted, aligning the pull wires with the pull center lines as the middle points of the positioning templates of the foundation bolts, and fixing the points of the pile foundations at intervals by using a steel ruler or a GPS; when the foundation bolts are installed, U-shaped bolts are adopted, the burial depth of the U-shaped bolts is not less than 20 times of the diameter of the bolts, and the center distance of the U-shaped bolts is consistent with the center distance of the installation bolt holes of the upright post base plate; the embedded foundation bolts are fixed by adopting positioning templates;
and C, mounting and leveling the bottom plate of the upright post: firstly, checking the quality of the threads of the embedded foundation bolt, removing floating rust or sundries on the threads, then sequentially installing 4 matched lower nuts on the foundation bolt, penetrating the foundation bolt into the upright column base plate, placing the upright column base plate on the adjusted lower nuts, placing an upper cushion block and an upper nut on the foundation bolt in sequence after the upright column base plate is placed, and adjusting the steel base plate to be horizontal before tightening the nuts;
and F, hoisting the steel column and the steel beam by the following process flow:
f1, checking positioning axes, base axes and elevations of the foundation and the members before mounting the steel columns and the steel beams; cleaning the bottom plate of the upright post;
f2, when hoisting, firstly hoisting the assembled steel column and steel beam to about 0.5 m away from the ground, adjusting the horizontal position, ensuring safety, slowly lifting the hook, hoisting the component to a height above the installation height, adjusting the steel column and steel beam to the installation direction by using a sliding rope, and slowly falling the hook to the installation position;
f3, after the steel column and the steel beam are hung above the foundation, operators stand the positions respectively, stabilize the column base and position the column base on the column base plate, stop hooking when the H-shaped steel column is lowered onto the column base plate, pry the column by a crowbar, align the center of the column base with the center line of the column base, and immediately perform spot welding and positioning after checking that the axis of the column base is aligned with the axis of the steel base plate;
f4, when the steel column and the steel beam are installed, checking the strength and the stability of the steel member which is easy to deform, and taking reinforcement measures; after the steel member is installed in place, immediately correcting and fixing; the steel member after installation should form stable space system.
2. The method for installing and constructing the photovoltaic power generation body of the Guannong combined greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein: the step A and the construction preparation comprise the following steps:
a1, carrying out on-site investigation on the construction area range;
a2, cleaning a construction site;
a3, positioning constructors, construction materials and construction machinery equipment;
a4, and meeting the requirements of familiar construction schemes and technologies.
3. The method for installing and constructing the photovoltaic power generation body of the Guannong combined greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein: and D, measuring the elevations of all the upright post bottom plates and calculating the height of the H-shaped steel upright post: and (4) correctly recording the elevation value of each base bottom plate surface.
4. The method for installing and constructing the photovoltaic power generation body of the Guannong combined greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein: the process flow of assembling the steel columns and the steel beams in the step E is as follows:
e1, cleaning friction surfaces of the H-shaped steel upright post and the H-shaped steel beam of the component to be assembled;
e2, mounting and fixing the H-shaped steel beam on the corresponding H-shaped steel upright column through bolts to form a steel column and a steel beam, wherein the steel beam with the longest splicing length of the steel column and the steel beam is limited to 2 spans; the H-shaped steel beam comprises a long steel beam and a short steel beam, the long steel beam and the short steel beam are connected through bolts at an obtuse angle, and a plurality of connecting pieces are welded on the long steel beam; the stress of the bolt penetrating direction is consistent, and bolt holes which cannot be penetrated freely are repaired by a reamer or an iron file, so that the bolts cannot be installed forcibly or cut by flame; the final diameter of the repaired screw hole is not more than 1.2D, wherein D is the nominal diameter of the bolt hole; when repairing the hole, all the peripheral bolts are screwed, and temporary measures are taken to cover and protect the close adhesion of the plate stacks so as to prevent chips from falling into the plate stacks; one side of the nut boss of the bolt is attached to the chamfered surface of the washer.
5. The method for installing and constructing the photovoltaic power generation body of the Guannong combined greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein: step G, mounting a large purline and a small purline: according to the drawing requirements, the type and the size of used purlins are determined firstly, the materials are paved to a mounting point, the mounting is started after the materials are prepared, a plurality of large purlins are erected on a plurality of H-shaped steel cross beams in parallel and are mounted and fixed on inclined long steel beams through connecting pieces and matched with bolts, a plurality of small parallel purlins are erected on a plurality of large purlins and are fixed with the large purlins, and the correction is performed while the mounting is performed.
6. The method for installing and constructing the photovoltaic power generation body of the Guannong combined greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein: the process flow of the step H and the photovoltaic panel installation is as follows:
h1, before installing the photovoltaic panel, installing the same technical parameters of the photovoltaic panel on the same assembly string;
h2, when the photovoltaic panel is installed, the photovoltaic panel is lightly taken and placed to prevent hard objects from scratching and impacting surface glass; the installation position of the photovoltaic panel on the bracket and the arrangement mode of the junction boxes meet the regulations of a construction drawing; the two photovoltaic panels are fixed on the small purlines through the middle piece, and the single photovoltaic panel is fixed on the small purlines through the edge pressing piece; when the fixing surface of the photovoltaic panel is not matched with the surface of the bracket, the connecting screw can be fastened after the pressing block component is flatly padded by an iron gasket, the connecting screw is matched by strictly prohibiting a method of screwing the connecting screw, and the fixing bolt is screwed with the anti-loosening gasket;
the connecting wires between the H3 and the photovoltaic panels are all connected by MC4 plugs, the electric wires between the photovoltaic panels are fixed on the cross beams of the bracket by nylon tie tapes, and the electric cables are required to be tidy and are not messy and loose;
h4, after the photovoltaic panel is installed, connecting the series connection lines of each row of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic modules arranged in a matrix manner, and fixing the cable on the photovoltaic bracket by using a metal binding band; after the photovoltaic module is connected with the series connection line, the series voltage test is carried out and the record is made.
7. The method for installing and constructing the photovoltaic power generation body of the Guannong combined greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein: the content of the finished acceptance of the step I comprises the following steps: and the tightness of the bolts, the installation and acceptance of the steel column and the steel frame, the welding and acceptance, the installation quantity of the photovoltaic modules, the wiring and the upper surface flatness of the modules are accepted.
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| CN109743005A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-05-10 | 中国电建集团江西省电力建设有限公司 | The installation method of photovoltaic bracket |
| CN110677098A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-01-10 | 襄阳楚云新能源有限公司 | Photovoltaic energy storage device installation method |
| CN113530236B (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2022-07-22 | 中国水利水电第十二工程局有限公司 | Construction method for mudflat photovoltaic power station |
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| CN206135789U (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-04-26 | 杭州华鼎太阳能科技股份有限公司 | Green house based on photovoltaic tracking system |
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