CN115419277B - Construction method of heavy steel box type diagonal column - Google Patents
Construction method of heavy steel box type diagonal column Download PDFInfo
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- CN115419277B CN115419277B CN202211109087.7A CN202211109087A CN115419277B CN 115419277 B CN115419277 B CN 115419277B CN 202211109087 A CN202211109087 A CN 202211109087A CN 115419277 B CN115419277 B CN 115419277B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 271
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 271
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
- E04C3/32—Columns; Pillars; Struts of metal
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a heavy steel box type inclined column, which comprises the following steps of S1, deepening and processing a steel structure; s2: safe operation; s3, constructing a partition; s4, installing a steel straight column; s5, installing a steel box type inclined column; s6, mounting and measuring a steel straight column; s7, installing and measuring a steel box type inclined column; according to the invention, through the arrangement of the plurality of section columns and the connecting columns, the crossed steel structure is divided into a plurality of sections, so that the steel structure is convenient to manufacture, transport and hoist, the anchor bolts on the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate can be used for fastening the bottom surface, and the reinforcing ribs corresponding to the first section column and the fourth section column on the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate can increase the supporting force of the steel structure and increase the stability; the installation of steel box type inclined column adopts the scheme of ' temporary fixing measure + segmentation hoist and mount ', adjusts wire rope length through the chain block that long direction wire rope portion set up in the hoist and mount in-process to realize that steel column inclination accords with the design requirement, make the steel component can be accurate take one's place in the hoist and mount in-process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of construction, in particular to a construction method of a heavy steel box type inclined column.
Background
With the development of national economy, urban population is increased, and various areas, urban governments are built for meeting the cultural living demands of local people, a large number of cultural sports buildings and the like. Meanwhile, the mark system building is more and more diversified for representing local humanization and pursuit, and the construction skill is more and more challenging. In order to meet the requirements of building body type and stress requirements such as torsion resistance, compression resistance, shearing resistance and the like in the structure, box-type steel skeleton inclined columns are gradually formed; the existing box steel rib inclined column is high in construction difficulty, complex in construction, more in potential safety hazard, difficult to guarantee in engineering quality and construction period, and a complete set of scheme is needed to guide construction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the construction method of the heavy steel box type inclined column comprises the following steps:
s1, deepening and processing a steel structure:
analyzing, calculating and deeply designing by combining the stress condition of the structure to be constructed, the crane model, the sectional weight of the member and the planar arrangement of the member, which are involved in the installation scheme of the steel structure; meanwhile, in order to ensure that the single component is not overweight and oversized, is convenient to manufacture and meets the requirements of on-site hoisting machinery on performance and road transportation, the main bearing column is segmented by combining with the actual condition of the site, and a segmented steel structure is designed;
s2: safety operation:
a welding operation platform with good safety is designed on a steel structure;
s3, construction partition:
dividing a region to be constructed into a plurality of small regions, and adopting a construction method of firstly carrying out internal and external construction, and then carrying out straight column construction and then carrying out inclined column construction;
s4, mounting a steel straight column:
the method adopts a partition and sectional flow hoisting mode, and sequentially carries out: (1) installing a steel straight column; (2) installing a connecting beam between the steel columns;
s5, mounting a steel box type inclined column:
the method adopts a partition and sectional flow hoisting mode, and sequentially carries out: (1) installing a lower steel box type inclined column; (2) Installing a frame connecting beam between the lower part of the steel box type inclined column and the steel straight column; (3) installing steel frame beams between the steel box type inclined columns; (4) installing a temporary fixing structure; and (5) installing an upper steel box type inclined column and a steel beam.
S6, steel column installation measurement:
and (3) measuring verticality of the steel column: after the steel straight column bottom is in place and the column bottom elevation correction is completed, checking verticality by using a theodolite; aligning the center point of the side surface at the top of the steel column by using a theodolite in two directions of the vertical direction of the steel column shaft, and comparing the difference value between the projection point of the center point and the center point of the side surface of the column corresponding to the point at the bottom of the column, namely, the deviation value of the vertical direction of the steel column;
s7, steel box type inclined column installation measurement:
for lower steel box diagonal columns: the elevation of the lower steel box type inclined column mainly depends on the accuracy of the elevation of a foundation embedded part, the column bottom is strictly measured before installation, the upper elevation of a lower nut of a fixed anchor bolt is adjusted, and the elevation of the column bottom is retested by a level gauge during installation of the steel column. Marking the central line of the column shaft of the installed component, aligning the central line of the component with the axis of the concrete foundation, and correcting the central line of the component by using a total station, and well correcting and fastening the column foot bolt to prevent displacement;
for the upper steel box diagonal column: the upper steel box type inclined column is installed, the total station is used for positioning and casting points corresponding to the three-dimensional coordinates, the projected positioning point coordinates are corrected, and two theodolites are used for observing the two longitudinal and transverse directions of the column at the same time. The deviation of the top of the column is regulated by a chain block with a wind rope part, a connecting plate is arranged at the joint position of the upper part and the lower part of the spliced seam at the section of the steel box type inclined column, and a jack is used for regulating the staggered seam and the deviation. After correction, the steel plate is fixed by a connecting plate to prevent displacement.
After the scheme is adopted, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) According to the invention, through the arrangement of the plurality of section columns and the connecting columns, the crossed steel structure is divided into a plurality of sections, so that the steel structure is convenient to manufacture, transport and hoist, the anchor bolts on the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate can be used for fastening the bottom surface, and the reinforcing ribs corresponding to the first section column and the fourth section column on the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate can increase the supporting force of the steel structure and increase the stability;
(2) The first reinforcing column, the second reinforcing column and the third reinforcing column are arranged at the bottom of the bottom supporting plate, so that the operation space at the upper part of the operation platform is not blocked on the premise of increasing the stability of the operation platform, and the operation work is facilitated; through the arrangement of the bottom frame, the side flanges and the side wall railing, the stability of the side wall railing can be improved, and the safety of the operation platform is improved; through the arrangement of the platform entrance and the platform ladder stand, the entrance mode of the operation platform can be increased, an operator can conveniently operate the platform up and down, the side baffles on the two sides of the platform entrance and the first reinforcing column at the bottom are convenient, and the safety of the platform entrance is improved;
(3) The steel box type inclined column is installed by adopting a scheme of temporary fixing measures and segmented hoisting, and the length of a steel wire rope is adjusted through a chain block arranged on a long-direction steel wire rope part in the hoisting process, so that the inclination angle of the steel column meets the design requirement, and a steel member can be accurately positioned in the hoisting process;
(4) The cable rope is adopted to maintain local stability and avoid overturning; the cable rope mainly bears wind load or structural lateral force caused by unexpected disturbance, mainly plays a temporary construction role, and has smaller load.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a segmented steel structure in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a welding operation platform in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic bottom view of a welding operation platform in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an internal schematic view of a welding operation platform in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of an arrangement position of a welding operation platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a construction area in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a lower steel box tilt column installed in a natatorium in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a natatorium with upper steel boxed diagonal columns and steel beams installed in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a gym mounted lower steel box tilt column in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a gym mounted upper steel box diagonal and steel beams in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the hoisting of a lower steel box diagonal column in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the lifting of an upper steel box diagonal column in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of temporary fixation of a wind rope in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view of temporary fixation of two sets of steel structure wind ropes in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, or an azimuth or a positional relationship in which the product of the present invention is conventionally put when used, it is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and it does not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," "overhang" and the like, if any, do not denote a requirement that the component be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "plurality" means at least 2.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Examples:
the construction method of the heavy steel box type diagonal column is specifically described below by combining the drawings and construction projects of gymnasiums of university of Tarim;
the construction method of the heavy steel box type inclined column comprises the following steps:
s1, deepening and processing a steel structure:
analyzing, calculating and deeply designing by combining the stress condition of the structure to be constructed, the crane model, the sectional weight of the member and the planar arrangement of the member, which are involved in the installation scheme of the steel structure; meanwhile, in order to ensure that the single component is not overweight and oversized, is convenient to manufacture and meets the requirements of on-site hoisting machinery on performance and road transportation, the main bearing column is segmented by combining with the actual condition of the site, and a segmented steel structure is designed;
referring to fig. 1, the sectional steel structure comprises a first section column 1, wherein the first section column 1 is obliquely arranged, a first mounting plate 2 is arranged at the bottom of the first section column 1, an upper connecting column 3 and a lower connecting column 4 which are crossed with the first section column are arranged at the middle of the first section column, the upper connecting column 3 and the lower connecting column 4 are positioned on a straight line and form an X shape with the first section column 1, one end of the first section column 1, which is far away from the first mounting plate 2, is spliced with a second section column 5, one end of the upper connecting column 3, which is far away from the lower connecting column 4, is spliced with a third section column 6, one end of the lower connecting column 6, which is far away from the upper connecting column 3, is spliced with a fourth section column 7, and the bottom of the fourth section column 7 is provided with a second mounting plate 8; the first mounting plate 2 and the second mounting plate 8 have the same structure, and a plurality of anchor bolts 9 are circumferentially arranged on the first mounting plate 2 and the second mounting plate 8; a plurality of reinforcing ribs 10 are circumferentially arranged at the joints of the first mounting plate 2 and the second mounting plate 3 and the first section column 1 and the fourth section column 7; the first section column 1 is connected with the second section column 5, the upper connecting column 3 is connected with the third section column 6, and the lower connecting column 4 is connected with the fourth section column 7 through welding or flange plate and bolt fastening.
The processing of the steel structure adopts strict control measures, and project department personnel carry out daily check control on the processing quality of a steel member processing plant. The connection between the construction site and the factory is enhanced, and reasonable suggestion is made for manufacturing the factory steel components from the aspects of convenient installation and easy construction quality assurance. And the in-plant processing of the steel member is completed during the construction period of the civil foundation, and the construction period is reasonably shortened through line production. The construction site has very limited temporary land, the number of the components is large, a large number of components cannot enter the site at the same time, and the construction management of the running water is needed, namely, one batch is manufactured, one batch is transported and one batch is installed, so that the actual condition of the site is met.
S2: safety operation:
a welding operation platform with good safety is designed on a steel structure;
in general, the steel structure is installed for more than 20 meters, and the safety protection of the high-altitude operation of constructors is the weight of the steel structure construction; the safe operating system with reasonable and standardized design comprises a vertical ascending ladder stand and a horizontal channel. The welding operation platform and the anti-falling isolation measure are arranged at the connecting point, and the designed safe operation system is safe and reliable, has the advantages of convenient turnover, correction, placement of welding and other equipment, improvement of the establishment of a visual barrier of the psychological state of personnel in high-altitude operation, wind prevention and rain prevention measures and the like. The construction safety protection is performed in the aspects of safety education, personal safety protection, construction safety protection measures and the like, and the realization of the safety target in the construction process is ensured.
Referring to fig. 2-5, the welding operation platform comprises a bottom frame 12 sleeved outside a steel structure 11, a plurality of bottom support plates 13 are arranged in parallel in the bottom frame 12, a plurality of side wall rails 14 are circumferentially arranged at the upper part of the bottom frame 12, the top of each side wall rail 14 is circumferentially connected with a top rail edge 15, and each bottom support plate 13 comprises a first bottom support plate 1301 arranged outside the steel structure 1 and a second bottom support plate 1302 fixed with the outer wall of the steel structure 1; the outer edge of the bottom frame 12 is provided with a side flange 22, and the bottom of the side wall railing 14 is arranged in the side flange 22; a platform entrance 16 is arranged at the position of the bottom frame 12, which is positioned on the side surface of the steel structure column, a platform ladder 17 is penetrated at the platform entrance 16, and the platform ladder 17 is arranged along the inclined direction of the steel structure 1 and is fixed with the surface of the steel structure 1; the two sides of the platform ladder 17 are provided with a plurality of connecting posts 23 fixed with the side wall of the steel structure 11 along the length direction.
Side baffles 18 are arranged on two sides of the platform inlet 16, and the side baffles 18 are connected with bottom support plates 13 on two sides of the platform inlet 16; the two sides of the bottom of the platform inlet 16 are respectively provided with a first reinforcing column 19 fixed with the outer wall of the steel structure 1, and the bottom of the bottom supporting plate 13 is also provided with a second reinforcing column 20 fixed with the outer wall of the steel structure 1 and a third reinforcing column 21 arranged along the side wall of the steel structure 1; the second reinforcing column 20 and the third reinforcing column 21 are vertically arranged; the first reinforcing column 19, the second reinforcing column 20 and the third reinforcing column 21 are all i-steel.
S3, construction partition:
dividing a region to be constructed into a plurality of small regions, and adopting a construction method of firstly carrying out internal and external construction, and then carrying out straight column construction and then carrying out inclined column construction;
with reference to fig. 6, the construction project of gymnasium of university of Tarim has the advantages of large number of steel members, large number of cross work and short construction period, and adopts a scheme of centralized breakthrough and simultaneous installation in ordered subareas. Selecting the 1-axis AC axis position of the spot northwest natatorium as a steel structure construction starting point; and according to the divided six construction areas, sequentially adopting construction running water of firstly straight columns and then inclined columns from inside to outside. General order of steel structure installation: first region-sixth region and second region-third region-fourth region-fifth region.
And (3) mounting the steel frame in sequence: mounting of steel straight columns, mounting of beams connected with the steel straight columns, mounting of steel frame beams between the lower parts of the steel box type inclined columns and steel straight column frame connecting beams and between the steel box type inclined columns, and mounting of the upper parts of the steel box type inclined columns (simultaneous construction temporary reinforcing measures).
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the natatorium is firstly hoisted with a lower steel straight column, a steel box type diagonal column and a steel beam with the elevation of 9.8 meters, and then hoisted with an upper steel box type diagonal column and a steel beam with the elevation of 9.8 meters; referring to fig. 9 and 10, the basketball house is first hoisted to the lower steel column, the steel box type diagonal column and the steel beam with the elevation of 13.8 meters, and then hoisted to the upper steel box type diagonal column and the steel beam with the elevation of 13.8 meters.
S4, mounting a steel straight column:
the method adopts a partition and sectional flow hoisting mode, and sequentially carries out: (1) installing a steel straight column; (2) installing a connecting beam between the steel columns;
s5, mounting a steel box type inclined column: the peripheral steel box column structure is an outward-inclined box column structure, calculation, analysis and comparison are carried out according to the structural characteristics of the outward-inclined box column, and the installation of the steel box inclined column adopts a scheme of temporary fixing measures and sectional hoisting.
The method adopts a partition and sectional flow hoisting mode, and sequentially carries out: (1) installing a lower steel box type inclined column; (2) Installing a frame connecting beam between the lower part of the steel box type inclined column and the steel straight column; (3) installing steel frame beams between the steel box type inclined columns; (4) installing a temporary fixing structure; (5) installing an upper steel box type inclined column and a steel beam;
wherein, steel diagonal column lifting device's selection is as follows:
according to steel structure engineering quantity analysis, 6 sets of steel wire ropes with the diameters of 54mm, the tensile strength of 1570Mpa and the model number of 6 multiplied by 37 are selected from a steel box type inclined column according to a weight section of 20-40T, a D-shaped shackle with the lifting weight of 32T (model number of T8 and pin shaft threads of 56) is selected as a shackle for hoisting in the engineering, and a 20-ton chain block is selected to be arranged at the steel wire rope section for length adjustment; according to the simulation of the hoisting working conditions, 2 engineering works of a gymnasium of the university of Tarim are selected from a set of 260 ton crawler hoisting 1200 x 800 x 26 steel inclined columns and a set of 1400 x 1000 x 35 steel inclined columns. According to 260t crawler crane performance, the arm length of 41m is in a hoisting area with the working radius of 26m, the hoisting capacity is 35t, and the hoisting condition is met aiming at the single-section weight of the heaviest column of the engineering of 29.8 t.
(1) The installation of the lower steel box type inclined column specifically comprises the following steps:
referring to fig. 11, a schematic diagram is set at a hanging point of a lower column of a natatorium of a gymnasium construction project of the university of Tarim, the gravity center of each steel box type diagonal column to be installed is found, and the inclination angle of each steel box type diagonal column is determined; setting out lifting points and the length of the steel wire rope, and lifting by adopting 4 points, namely 2 lifting points at the upper part and 2 lifting points at the lower part of the steel box type inclined column; the chain block is arranged on the longer steel wire rope, and the length of the steel wire rope is adjusted through the chain block in the hoisting process, so that the inclination angle of the steel box type inclined column meets the design requirement, and the steel member can be accurately positioned in the hoisting process;
(4) The temporary fixing structure comprises a wind rope temporary fixing structure when the upper steel box type inclined column is hoisted;
referring to fig. 13 and 14, a wind rope is arranged for temporary fixation when a natatorium elevation 9.8 m upper steel box type diagonal column of a natatorium construction project of the university of Tarim and a natatorium elevation 13.8 m upper steel box type diagonal column are hoisted; the cable rope plays a role in maintaining local stability and avoiding overturning when a structural system is not formed in the hoisting of local components; the cable rope mainly bears wind load or structural lateral force caused by unexpected disturbance, mainly plays a temporary construction role, and has smaller load; when a single steel box type inclined column is hoisted, a group of cable ropes (4) are arranged at the top of the hoisting structure, and the cable ropes are 6 multiplied by 19 and are steel wire ropes with the diameter of 17 mm; 4 cable ropes in the same group are symmetrically arranged; before the upper inclined column is installed, all connecting main beams and frames at the lower part of the inclined column are installed, and the lower steel box type inclined column foot-wrapping concrete pouring work is completed.
(5) The installation of the upper steel box type inclined column specifically comprises the following steps:
with reference to fig. 12, a schematic diagram is arranged at an upper column hanging point of a natatorium construction project natatorium of the university of Tarim stadium, an upper steel box type diagonal column is hoisted in place, a connecting plate of the upper steel box type diagonal column is placed in place by a high-strength bolt, a steel member lifting lug is utilized to penetrate a steel wire rope to be connected with a beam column node which is completed by construction, and a crane lifting hook is loosened after the steel wire rope is tensioned by the cooperation of a chain block;
the installation of the steel box type inclined column on one side is completed, the steel box type inclined column on the other side is installed, the steel box type inclined columns on the upper parts of the two sides are obliquely arranged and the tops are connected, and the installation method specifically comprises the following steps: the high-strength bolt is tightened, the steel wire rope passes through the lifting lug to be connected with the node at the top of the constructed upper steel box type inclined column, and the steel wire rope is tensioned and then loosened to the crane lifting hook through the cooperation of the chain block.
S6, steel column installation measurement:
and (3) measuring verticality of the steel column: after the steel straight column bottom is in place and the column bottom elevation correction is completed, checking verticality by using a theodolite; aligning the center point of the side surface at the top of the steel column by using a theodolite in two directions of the vertical direction of the steel column shaft, and comparing the difference value between the projection point of the center point and the center point of the side surface of the column corresponding to the point at the bottom of the column, namely, the deviation value of the vertical direction of the steel column;
s7, steel box type inclined column installation measurement:
for lower steel box diagonal columns: the elevation of the lower steel box type inclined column mainly depends on the accuracy of the elevation of a foundation embedded part, the column bottom is strictly measured before installation, the upper elevation of a lower nut of a fixed anchor bolt is adjusted, and the elevation of the column bottom is retested by a level gauge during installation of the steel column. Marking the central line of the column shaft of the installed component, aligning the central line of the component with the axis of the concrete foundation, and correcting the central line of the component by using a total station, and well correcting and fastening the column foot bolt to prevent displacement;
for the upper steel box diagonal column: the upper steel box type inclined column is installed, the total station is used for positioning and casting points corresponding to the three-dimensional coordinates, the projected positioning point coordinates are corrected, and two theodolites are used for observing the two longitudinal and transverse directions of the column at the same time. The deviation of the top of the column is regulated by a chain block with a wind rope part, a connecting plate is arranged at the joint position of the upper part and the lower part of the spliced seam at the section of the steel box type inclined column, and a jack is used for regulating the staggered seam and the deviation. After correction, the steel plate is fixed by a connecting plate to prevent displacement
S8, steel structure installation measurement deformation control measures:
the measurement time is generally set to be completed in a time period before and after the sun comes out in the morning so as to reduce the error of temperature deformation; when constructing each layer, checking the plane control network of the layer by using a total station for one time; and then, carrying out three-dimensional coordinate observation by using a total station, comparing the measured horizontal deformation quantity and deformation direction of the top with the first measured coordinate value of the observation point or the horizontal deformation value of the top observation point relative to the bottom observation point as initial values, and calculating and obtaining the deformation quantity. The engineering steel structure mainly bears dead weight, meanwhile, settlement data of a foundation are combined, and adjustment calculation and data analysis are carried out through data processing, so that deformation information of the integral steel frame is formed. And (3) observing the outside of the building by adopting a total station, drawing a deformation observation point position layout chart, filling in an observation result table, drawing a deformation curve chart, filling in corresponding analysis instructions and the like after the observation work is finished. The monitoring data are timely fed back to each construction team to guide construction.
In the construction process, when the high-strength bolts are assembled and the joint is fastened, the high-strength bolts are required to be screwed from the rigid end to the free end, and the initial screwing and the final screwing of the high-strength bolts are required to be performed according to the symmetrical fastening sequence from the center of the bolt group from inside to outside and from the middle to two sides; the high-strength bolts are installed, one construction section is required to be completed after hoisting, steel forms a stable frame unit, and the high-strength bolts are installed after measurement and correction; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When the torsional high-strength bolt is installed, a washer of the bolt is arranged on one side of the nut, and one side of a washer hole with a chamfer is contacted with the nut; the penetrating direction of the bolts is convenient for construction, and each node is tidy and consistent. And after penetrating the high-strength bolt and fastening by using a spanner, detaching the temporary bolt and replacing the temporary bolt by the high-strength bolt.
When the temporary bolt is installed, after the component is hoisted in place, the temporary bolt is inserted into a proper position by using an olive punch to align with a hole site (the number of the olive punch penetration is not more than 30% of that of the temporary bolt), and then the temporary bolt is screwed by using a spanner, so that the connection surfaces are tightly combined; the bolt fastening is performed symmetrically from the middle to the periphery. The number of the temporary bolts is not less than 30% and not less than 2 of the total number of the installation of the node bolts. After one installation section is completed, the high-strength bolts are installed again after the inspection and confirmation of the high-strength bolts meet the requirements.
In the construction process, the on-site welding needs to have quality assurance measures, and the welding stress generated by welding shrinkage deformation causes adverse factors to structural quality, so that two welders are arranged to weld two opposite edges of the joint position of the steel box type diagonal column at uniform speed and synchronously and symmetrically for controlling the welding stress and preventing cold cracks and lamellar tearing of the steel plate during welding; then welding the other two opposite sides of the joint of the steel box type inclined column symmetrically; when in step welding, the welding seam with longer welding length and larger filling amount is welded firstly, and the welding seam with shorter welding length and smaller filling amount is welded later.
By adopting different welding sequences and methods, welding deformation is unavoidable in the welding process, the installation deviation direction of the components is studied deeply in advance before the field welding operation, and partial installation errors are eliminated by utilizing the welding deformation properly. For the more important component, in order to avoid the overlarge deformation after the welding is finished, in the welding operation process, synchronous deformation monitoring is carried out on the welding structure, and once the deformation is found to exceed the standard, the welding sequence or the welding speed is timely adjusted so as to ensure the installation quality of the steel structure.
The construction is also followed by the removal of temporary fixing measures:
before dismantling, the construction of the steel structure frame is required, the weld joint flaw detection is qualified, and after the weld joint flaw detection is qualified by self-detection and supervision and the constructor inspection, the dismantling can be started; the whole steel structure load is borne by the steel column, the steel beam and the temporary fixing measure (steel wire rope) before the dismantling, and the load borne by the temporary fixing measure gradually transits to the steel column and the steel beam during the dismantling, so that a stable bearing system is finally formed; the dismantling process is a process of enabling the steel frame structure to slowly cooperate with space stress, at the moment, the internal force of the whole steel structure is redistributed, the dismantling process is gradually carried out from the middle to four corners according to the principle of deformation coordination and unloading balance, the dismantling of the middle temporary measures is firstly carried out, and after the middle steel box-shaped inclined columns and the steel beams are completely under bearing stress, the temporary fixing measures of the four corners are dismantled; the dismantling sequence enables the middle steel box type inclined column to form a self-stressing system as much as possible in the construction process, and the influence of the dismantling process on the uneven stressing of different steel box type inclined columns is reduced; when the steel structure is dismantled, the arranged chain block is used for gradually unloading, so that the steel structure smoothly reaches a design stress state; the temporary fixing measure dismantling process is a process of slowly and cooperatively stressing the whole steel frame structure, internal force is redistributed after each dismantling, so that the steel frame structure frame dismantled each time has enough time to redistribute the internal force, the temporary fixing measure dismantling is carried out for multiple times, and uneven stress of the steel frame is reduced; and the time interval of each dismantling is not less than 1 hour, and the site monitoring is carried out in the dismantling process.
The invention and its embodiments have been described above with no limitation, and the actual construction is not limited to the embodiments of the invention as shown in the drawings. In summary, if one of ordinary skill in the art is informed by this disclosure, a structural manner and an embodiment similar to the technical solution should not be creatively devised without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The construction method of the heavy steel box type inclined column is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, deepening and processing a steel structure:
analyzing, calculating and deeply designing by combining the stress condition of the structure to be constructed, the crane model, the sectional weight of the member and the planar arrangement of the member, which are involved in the installation scheme of the steel structure; meanwhile, in order to ensure that the single component is not overweight and oversized, is convenient to manufacture and meets the requirements of on-site hoisting machinery on performance and road transportation, the main bearing column is segmented by combining with the actual condition of the site, and a segmented steel structure is designed;
s2: safety operation:
a welding operation platform with good safety is designed on a steel structure;
s3, construction partition:
dividing a region to be constructed into a plurality of small regions, and adopting a construction method of firstly carrying out internal and external construction, and then carrying out straight column construction and then carrying out inclined column construction;
s4, mounting a steel straight column:
the method adopts a partition and sectional flow hoisting mode, and sequentially carries out: (1) installing a steel straight column; (2) installing a connecting beam between the steel columns;
s5, mounting a steel box type inclined column:
the method adopts a partition and sectional flow hoisting mode, and sequentially carries out: (1) installing a lower steel box type inclined column; (2) Installing a frame connecting beam between the lower part of the steel box type inclined column and the steel straight column; (3) installing steel frame beams between the steel box type inclined columns; (4) installing a temporary fixing structure; (5) installing an upper steel box type inclined column and a steel beam;
s6, steel column installation measurement:
and (3) measuring verticality of the steel column: after the steel straight column bottom is in place and the column bottom elevation correction is completed, checking verticality by using a theodolite; aligning the center point of the side surface at the top of the steel column by using a theodolite in two directions of the vertical direction of the steel column shaft, and comparing the difference value between the projection point of the center point and the center point of the side surface of the column corresponding to the point at the bottom of the column, namely, the deviation value of the vertical direction of the steel column;
s7, steel box type inclined column installation measurement:
for lower steel box diagonal columns: the elevation of the lower steel box type inclined column mainly depends on the accuracy of the elevation of a foundation embedded part, the column bottom is strictly measured before installation, the upper elevation of a lower nut of a fixed anchor bolt is adjusted, and the elevation of the column bottom is retested by a level gauge during the installation of the steel column; marking the central line of the column shaft of the installed component, aligning the central line of the component with the axis of the concrete foundation, and correcting the central line of the component by using a total station, and well correcting and fastening the column foot bolt to prevent displacement;
for the upper steel box diagonal column: the upper steel box type inclined column is installed, the total station is used for positioning and casting points corresponding to the three-dimensional coordinates, the projected positioning point coordinates are corrected, and two theodolites are used for observing the two longitudinal and transverse directions of the column at the same time; the top of the column is regulated by means of a chain block of a wind-collecting rope part, connecting plates are arranged at the joint positions of the upper part and the lower part of the spliced seam at the section of the steel box type inclined column, and a jack is used for regulating the staggered seam and the deviation; after correction, the steel plate is fixed by a connecting plate to prevent displacement.
2. The construction method of a heavy steel box diagonal column according to claim 1, wherein the installation of the lower steel box diagonal column comprises the following steps:
finding out the gravity center of each steel box type inclined column to be installed, and according to the inclination angle of each steel box type inclined column; setting out lifting points and the length of the steel wire rope, and lifting by adopting 4 points, namely 2 lifting points at the upper part and 2 lifting points at the lower part of the steel box type inclined column; the chain block is arranged on the longer steel wire rope, and the length of the steel wire rope is adjusted through the chain block in the hoisting process, so that the inclination angle of the steel box type inclined column meets the design requirement, and the steel member can be accurately positioned in the hoisting process.
3. The construction method of a heavy steel box diagonal column according to claim 1, wherein the installation of the upper steel box diagonal column comprises the steps of:
hoisting the upper steel box type inclined column in place, using a high-strength bolt to put a connecting plate of the upper steel box type inclined column in place, using a steel member lifting lug to penetrate a steel wire rope through the lifting lug to be connected with a beam column joint which is constructed, and loosening a crane lifting hook after tensioning the steel wire rope through the cooperation of a chain block;
the installation of the steel box type inclined column on one side is completed, the steel box type inclined column on the other side is installed, the steel box type inclined columns on the upper parts of the two sides are obliquely arranged and the tops are connected, and the installation method specifically comprises the following steps: the high-strength bolt is tightened, the steel wire rope passes through the lifting lug to be connected with the node at the top of the constructed upper steel box type inclined column, and the steel wire rope is tensioned and then loosened to the crane lifting hook through the cooperation of the chain block.
4. The construction method of a heavy steel box diagonal column according to claim 1, wherein the installing the temporary fixing structure comprises the step of setting a wind rope to be temporarily fixed when the upper steel box diagonal column is hoisted.
5. The construction method of a heavy steel box-type diagonal column according to claim 1, further comprising steel structure installation measurement deformation control measures:
the measurement time is generally set to be completed in a time period before and after the sun comes out in the morning so as to reduce the error of temperature deformation; when constructing each layer, checking the plane control network of the layer by using a total station for one time; and then, carrying out three-dimensional coordinate observation by using a total station, comparing the measured horizontal deformation quantity and deformation direction of the top with the first measured coordinate value of the observation point or the horizontal deformation value of the top observation point relative to the bottom observation point as initial values, and calculating and obtaining the deformation quantity.
6. The construction method of the heavy steel box type diagonal column according to claim 1, wherein the sectional steel structure comprises a first section column, the first section column is obliquely arranged, a first mounting plate is arranged at the bottom of the first section column, an upper connecting column and a lower connecting column which are intersected with the first section column are arranged at the middle of the sectional steel structure, the upper connecting column and the lower connecting column are positioned on a straight line and form an X shape with the first section column, one end of the first section column, which is far away from the first mounting plate, is spliced with a second section column, one end of the upper connecting column, which is far away from the lower connecting column, is spliced with a third section column, one end of the lower connecting column, which is far away from the upper connecting column, is spliced with a fourth section column, and a second mounting plate is arranged at the bottom of the fourth section column.
7. The construction method of the heavy steel box type diagonal column according to claim 6, wherein the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate are identical in structure, and a plurality of anchor bolts are circumferentially arranged on the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate; the connection parts of the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate and the first section column and the fourth section column are circumferentially provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs; the first section column is connected with the second section column, the upper connecting column is connected with the third section column, and the lower connecting column is connected with the fourth section column through welding or flange plate and bolt fastening.
8. The construction method of the heavy steel box type diagonal column according to claim 1, wherein the welding operation platform comprises a bottom frame sleeved outside a steel structure, a plurality of bottom support plates are arranged in the bottom frame in parallel, a plurality of side wall rails are circumferentially arranged on the upper part of the bottom frame, and the top of each side wall rail is circumferentially connected with a top rail edge; the platform cat ladder is characterized in that a platform inlet is formed in a position, located on the side face of the steel structure column, of the bottom frame, a platform cat ladder is arranged at the position of the platform inlet in a penetrating mode, the platform cat ladder is arranged in the inclined direction of the steel structure column and is fixed with the surface of the steel structure column, and a plurality of connecting columns fixed with the side walls of the steel structure are arranged on the two sides of the platform cat ladder in the length direction of the two sides of the platform cat ladder.
9. The construction method of the heavy steel box type diagonal column according to claim 8, wherein side baffles are arranged on two sides of the platform inlet and are connected with bottom support plates on two sides of the platform inlet; the platform entry bottom both sides set up respectively with the fixed first spliced pole of steel construction post outer wall, the bottom sprag board bottom still sets up with the fixed second spliced pole of steel construction post outer wall, the third spliced pole of following the steel construction post lateral wall setting.
10. The construction method of a heavy steel box diagonal column according to claim 9, wherein the bottom support plate comprises a first bottom support plate arranged outside the steel structure column and a second bottom support plate fixed with the outer wall of the steel structure column; the outer edge of the bottom frame is provided with a side flange, and the bottom of the side wall railing is arranged in the side flange.
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