JP3153614U - Planting base and tree planting structure using the planting base - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To provide a planting base that can reduce the weight while ensuring the soil thickness necessary for the growth of plant roots and is less likely to cause soil compaction due to walking. A planting base has a configuration in which a peripheral wall is formed on the periphery of a plate-like portion, and a plurality of support pillars having the same height as the peripheral wall are erected on the upper surface of the plate-like portion. The whole is formed of a synthetic resin foam having water-permeable voids. Moreover, the surrounding wall 3 and the support pillar 4 are normally comprised by the same height. The presence of the support pillar 4 can provide a planting base that can reduce the weight while securing the soil thickness necessary for the elongation of the roots of the plant and is less likely to cause soil compaction due to walking. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a planting base preferably used in rooftop greening and the like, and a greening structure using the planting base.

  In recent years, in urban areas, the area occupied by asphalt and concrete has increased, while the area of green space has tended to decrease. Furthermore, in large cities, the amount of exhaust gas from automobiles and the amount of heat dissipated from air conditioners also increases, which causes a problem of the heat island phenomenon in which the temperature in urban areas is higher than the temperature in suburbs.

In order to solve this heat island phenomenon, it is necessary to increase the area of green space in urban areas, and as one of the measures, the greening of the roof of the building is being actively carried out.

  As a method of greening the roof, initially, a method was used in which a waterproof sheet was laid on the roof, cobblestones, perlite, and guest land were placed, and plants were planted here. However, in the special environment of the rooftop, the soil dries out and the plants tend to wither, and in the case of the above method, there is a problem that it takes time and effort to replant the plant on the rooftop whenever the plants die. .

  Therefore, Patent Document 1 employs a method in which a culture soil is put in a container such as a synthetic resin, and a plurality of plants planted therein are laid, and the soil surface is permeable to prevent the soil from drying. Those covered with a synthetic resin lid have been proposed. In this method, even if some plants wither, the container in which the withered plant has been planted can be replaced with another container in which the plant has been planted in advance, making it easy to maintain and maintain rooftop greening There is an advantage of being.

  In Patent Document 2, plant culture soil is filled in a container formed of a synthetic resin foam having water-permeable voids, and a ground cover plant covering the surface of the culture soil is planted in the plant culture soil. A plant cultivation floor is proposed. According to this plant cultivation floor, since the container is formed of foam, it is excellent in heat insulation, and even if the temperature condition such as the rooftop is poor, the temperature of the culture soil is kept within a certain range, You can expect the same warming effect as planting. The container not only has an appropriate water permeability according to the plant being planted, but also has a structure having water retention and breathability, and the ground soil plant covering the surface is planted in the culture soil. Therefore, the evaporation of moisture from the surface of the culture soil can be suppressed, planting management such as watering can be reduced, and the rapid temperature change of the culture soil and the water contained therein can be prevented. is there.

No. 7-55884 JP 2003-143941 A

However, in any of the techniques described in any of the above-mentioned patent documents, when it is attempted to secure the soil thickness necessary for the elongation of plant roots, the amount of soil filling increases, for example, light soil Even if it is used, the weight of each container is heavy, and the work such as movement and replacement is heavy labor.
In addition, since the load on the building becomes large, it is necessary to reduce the filling thickness of the soil in order to reduce the weight, and as described above, the range of root elongation is narrowed or the soil is dried. There were problems such as being easy. In addition, renovation of existing buildings that are not premised on rooftop greening will be subject to load restrictions.
In addition, when planting grass that is resistant to treading and making it a green structure that can be walked on it, the soil of the walking part is compressed by treading, resulting in unevenness (unevenness) on the surface layer and poor appearance At the same time, walking was worse. Moreover, since the rainwater gathers in the part which became a recessed part after being compressed, there also existed a subject that the root rot of the plant planted by the rapid solar radiation etc. was easy to occur because of a high water retention amount.

  The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the background art described above, and can be reduced in weight while ensuring the soil thickness necessary for plant root elongation, and planting is less likely to cause soil compaction due to walking. It aims at providing the planting base and the tree planting structure using this base for planting.

The above-described problems have been solved by the planting base and the greening structure according to the following [1] to [5] of the present invention.
[1] A planted structure characterized in that a plurality of support pillars having substantially the same height are provided on the upper surface of the plate-like portion, and the whole is formed of a synthetic resin foam having a water-permeable gap. Planting base.
[2] The planting base according to the above [1], wherein a peripheral wall having substantially the same height as the support pillar is formed on the periphery of the plate-like portion.
[3] The height of the support columns is 5 to 20 cm, the interval between the support columns is 3 to 15 cm, and the tip end area of the support columns is 5 to 125 cm ² , The planting base according to [1] or [2].
[4] The plant according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein a total sum of tip end areas of the support pillars is 30 to 70% of a total area of the upper surface of the plate-like portion. Planting base.
[5] A plurality of planting bases according to any of the above [1] to [4] are connected and laid, and the laid planting base is filled with soil, A greening structure characterized in that plants are planted.

  According to the planting base according to the present invention described above, since a plurality of support columns having substantially the same height are erected on the upper surface of the plate-like portion, soil such as culture soil is placed between the support columns. By filling, the amount of soil filling can be reduced while ensuring the soil thickness necessary for plant root elongation, and the overall weight can be reduced. In addition, when planting turf that is resistant to treads and allowing it to walk on it, the support pillars support the load instead of the soil that tends to sink, improving walking performance and soil compaction due to walking . Furthermore, since the whole is formed of a synthetic resin foam having water-permeable voids, it is lightweight and has excellent heat insulating properties and is less likely to cause root rot.

It is the perspective view which showed one Embodiment of the base for planting which concerns on this invention. It is a top view of the planting base shown in FIG. It is the perspective view which cut and expanded the A section of FIG. It is an expanded sectional view of the part which follows the BB line of FIG. It is the schematic which showed the lip shape of the die | dye suitable for obtaining a hollow cylindrical resin particle. It is the perspective view which showed a part of greening structure using the base for planting which concerns on this invention. It is an expanded sectional view of the part which follows the CC line of FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a planting base and a planting structure using the planting base according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  1 to 4 show an embodiment of a planting base 1 according to the present invention. The planting base 1 has a configuration in which a peripheral wall 3 is formed on the periphery of the plate-like portion 2, and a plurality of support pillars 4 having the same height as the peripheral wall 3 are erected on the upper surface of the plate-like portion 2. The whole is formed of a synthetic resin foam having water-permeable voids. In addition, the peripheral wall 3 and the support column 4 are usually configured to have the same height, but the support column 4 may be provided slightly higher than the peripheral wall 3 in consideration of distortion of the support column. Moreover, since a support pillar is covered with soil, a surrounding wall can also be made high. The height of the peripheral wall may be determined in consideration of walking ability, and the height of the peripheral wall 3 above the plate-like portion 2 is preferably -15 mm to +15 mm on the basis of the height with the support column 4. .

  The said plate-shaped part 2 comprises the main body of the planting base 1, The laying property of this planting base 1, a conveyance property, etc. are determined by the shape and dimension of this plate-shaped part 2. FIG. The shape of the plate-like portion 2 is preferably rectangular from the viewpoint that it can be laid without a gap. In the illustrated embodiment, the plate-like portion 2 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped plate. The dimensions are preferably 30 to 120 cm in both length and width from the viewpoint of transportability and the like, and particularly preferably 50 to 100 cm. The thickness is preferably 10 to 50 mm from the viewpoint of strength. In the illustrated embodiment, a rectangular parallelepiped plate having a length of 51.5 cm, a width of 42 cm, and a thickness of 12.5 mm is formed.

  The peripheral wall 3 formed on the peripheral edge of the plate-like portion 2 is not necessarily provided, but when the peripheral wall 3 is formed, the planting base 1 becomes one container, and the filled soil or the like It will be difficult to spill. For this reason, a greening structure can be easily constructed by simply carrying it to the rooftop as a planted planted plant 1 on the planting base 1 and laying a plurality of them connected together. Even if a part of the plants withered after the construction of the plant, the planting base 1 only for the part where the withered plant is planted is replaced with another planting base 1 in which the plant has been planted in advance. Since the maintenance of the greening structure can be performed only by the replacement work, it is preferable to use the planting base 1 in which the peripheral wall 3 is formed. In the illustrated embodiment, a peripheral wall 3 having the same height is continuously formed on the periphery of the plate-like portion 2, and the peripheral wall 3 has a height of 10 cm and a thickness of 20 mm. . Moreover, the recessed part 5 and the convex part 6 are formed in the inner surface side of the surrounding wall 3 for the purpose of adjusting the clearance gap with the support pillar 4 mentioned later, and ensuring or reducing the filling amount of soil.

  The support pillar 4 formed on the upper surface of the plate-like part 2 is the largest characteristic part of the planting base 1 according to the present invention, and the presence of the support pillar 4 makes the soil necessary for plant root elongation. While securing the thickness, it is possible to provide a planting base that can be reduced in weight and hardly cause soil compaction due to walking. The shape of the support column 4 is not particularly limited, and may be any shape such as a cylinder, an elliptical column, a quadrangular column, a triangular column, and a deformed column, but in the illustrated embodiment. Is formed in a + -shaped irregular column.

The dimensions of the support pillars 4 are preferably 5 to 20 cm, particularly 10 to 15 cm in height from the viewpoint of ensuring the soil thickness necessary for the elongation of plant roots. From the standpoint of supporting the support pillars, it is preferable that the support pillars have the same height, the distance between the support pillars is preferably 3 to 15 cm, particularly 5 to 10 cm, and the tip end area of the support pillars is 5 to 125 cm. ² , particularly 10 to 40 cm ² is preferable. In addition, from the same viewpoint and from the viewpoint of securing an appropriate amount of soil, the sum of the tip areas of the formed support pillars is 30 to 70%, particularly 40 to 60% of the total area of the upper surface of the plate-like portion. It is preferable. In the illustrated embodiment, the heights of the support columns 4 are all the same, 10 cm, the interval between the support columns is 6.7 cm, the tip area of the support columns is 20 cm ² , and the sum of the tip area of the support columns is It is formed in 50% of the total area of the upper surface of the plate-like portion.
In this specification, the interval between the support pillars means the shortest distance L between the center points α and α of each support pillar as shown in FIG. Specifically, the interval between the support pillars means the shortest distance among the distances from the center points α of a plurality of support pillars existing adjacent to each other based on the center point α of any support pillar. Moreover, the support pillar may taper upward. Moreover, the soil space which can be filled with pot seedlings etc. as it is can also be formed and ensured by removing some of the support pillars formed in plurality, or providing a low height in some of the support pillars.

In the planting base 1 according to the present invention, the plate-like portion 2, the peripheral wall 3, and the support pillar 4 are integrally formed of a synthetic resin foam having a water-permeable gap. Examples of the synthetic resin foam include foams such as polystyrene resin, polyethylene resin, and polypropylene resin. Among them, polyethylene resin foam and polypropylene resin foam are preferable from the viewpoint of durability and chemical resistance. Those made of polyolefin-modified polystyrene resin foam are preferred. In order to make the planting base 1 made of these synthetic resin foams have water-permeable voids, the planting base 1 is, for example, disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-140569, Japanese Utility Model No. 5-2059. In addition, it may be formed from synthetic resin expanded particles according to the method described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-5159, etc., but particularly as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-137063 previously proposed by the present applicant. It is preferable to form the planting base 1 using synthetic resin foamed particles having protrusions on the surface and through the voids. Since the planting base 1 formed using such foamed particles itself has sufficient strength, it can be carried while storing soil such as culture soil without being reinforced by a reinforcing member such as a metal frame. It is possible and there is no risk of damage during carrying. Further, by adjusting the shape of the foamed particles, for example, the hole diameter of the penetrating void portion and the height of the protruding portion, the porosity and water permeability coefficient of the foam constituting the planting base 1 can be easily set to target values. The root of the plant can be made difficult to emerge from the planting base 1.
In this specification, “water permeability” having water-permeable voids is determined according to the type of plant so as to be suitable for plant growth, but generally has a water permeability of 0.001 cm / second or more. .

  Foamed particles having voids penetrating them are obtained by dispersing hollow cylindrical resin particles obtained by cutting a hollow strand-shaped resin extruded from an extruder into water together with a foaming agent in a sealed container, for example. After impregnating with a foaming agent, it can be obtained by a method of releasing from the inside of the container under a low pressure and foaming. As the hollow cylindrical resin particles, a lip 11 having a shape as shown in FIG. 5 is provided on the die 10 and the resin obtained by extruding the resin into a hollow strand from the lip 11 and cutting it is used. preferable. By performing well-known in-mold molding using foamed particles obtained by foaming hollow cylindrical resin particles obtained by cutting the strand extruded from the lip 11 having such a shape, a plant having a higher porosity is obtained. The planting base 1, specifically, the planting base 1 having a porosity exceeding 30% can be formed, which is preferable.

Apparent density of the foam constituting the planting base 1 is preferably 0.01~0.25g / cm ^3, further preferably 0.015~0.09g / cm ^3, especially 0.02 to 0 0.06 g / cm ³ is preferred. The porosity of the foam is preferably 5 to 50%, more preferably 10 to 45%, and particularly preferably 15 to 35%. The planting base 1 is preferably composed of a foam having a water permeability of 10 to 0.001 cm / second, particularly 1 to 0.01 cm / second.

In addition, the apparent density (g / cm ³ ) of the foam in this specification is the apparent volume including voids obtained by determining the weight (g) of the molded body (foam) from the outer dimensions of the molded body (foam). It was determined by dividing by (cm ³ ).

Moreover, the porosity can be calculated | required by following (1) Formula.
Porosity: A (volume%) = [(BC) ÷ B] × 100 (1)
In the above formula (1), B represents the apparent volume (cm ³ ) of the foam, and C represents the true volume (cm ³ ) of the foam. The apparent volume of the foam: B (cm ³ ) is a volume calculated from the external dimensions of the foam. The true volume of the foam: C (cm ³ ) is the apparent volume of the foam: the actual volume obtained by subtracting the volume of the void from B, and the volume increased when the foam was submerged in ethanol with a known volume. Corresponds to the true volume of the foam: C (cm ³ ).

  Furthermore, the water permeability was measured according to JIS A 1218. As a sample, a rectangular parallelepiped sample having a length of 120 mm, a width of 120 mm, and a thickness of 50 mm cut out from the foam used for the planting base 1 of the present invention was used instead of sand. Moreover, it replaced with the cylinder which puts this sample, and calculated | required by performing the water permeability measurement by a constant water level type | formula using the square tube. In addition, when a sample having a length of 120 mm, a width of 120 mm, and a thickness of 50 mm could not be cut out from the foam, a plurality of samples were cut out and combined to form a sample having a length of 120 mm, a width of 120 mm, and a thickness of 50 mm. Cut out from.

  As shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of planting bases 1 having the above-described configuration are laid and connected to a place to be greened such as a rooftop, and the laid planting bases 1 are filled with soil 21. A planting plant 22 is planted in the filled soil 21 to construct a greening structure 20. In the case where a plurality of planting bases 1 are connected and laid, a method of connecting the corner portions of each planting base 1 with the metal fittings 23 can be employed.

As the soil 21 filled in the planting base 1, in addition to natural soil, those in which the weight and / or properties are adjusted by mixing vermiculite, beet moss, perlite or the like with various culture soils can be used. The soil 21 is preferably lightweight, and a density of 0.5 to 1.2 g / cm ³ is preferable. In addition, cation exchange amount 30 to 45 meq / 100 g dry matter, effective water retention 120 to 300 liters / m ³ , pH = 5 to 9, in three-phase distribution, gas phase rate 50 to 75%, water phase rate 8 to Those having 25% and a solid phase ratio of 12 to 25% are preferred.

  Plants 22 to be planted in the filled soil 21 include plants with low plant height and strong treading pressure, such as turf, manningusa, daily grass, white clover, etc., and plants with plant heights exceeding 10 cm, such as acebi, aberia, citrus, oleander, Sharinbai, azaleas, Tobera, Nanten, Hibikushan, Hagi, American Crested Saki, German Iris, Hamagiku, Himeshaga, Pyracantha, Yablanc, and various herbs can be planted.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the planting base 1 is planted on the front side, which is planted with grass 22a having a low plant height and strong against treading, and the grass 22a and the azalea whose plant height exceeds 10 cm on the rear side. The planting base 1 planted by mixing with the plant 22b is laid, and the greening structure 20 is constructed.
In this case, the front side where only the turf 22a is planted can be walked by a person, and the load at that time is supported by the support pillar 4 formed on the planting base 1, so that the soil 21 caused by walking and walking can be used. Consolidation is improved. In addition, on the rear side where the azaleas 22b having a plant height exceeding 10 cm are planted, as shown in FIG. 7, the thickness of the soil 21 necessary for the elongation of the roots of the plant is secured by the presence of the support pillars 4. At the same time, the roots of the plants enter the voids of the planting base 1 itself, and the environment where the plants can grow sufficiently is prepared without the plants falling down by the wind.

  The above-described greening structure 20 of the present invention can be easily constructed on a rooftop of a building, a place that requires simple flower decoration, such as a veranda, a balcony, a paved road, and a plaza.

  As described above, the embodiment of the planting base according to the present invention and the greening structure using the planting base has been described, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, Naturally, various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention described in the claims of the utility model registration.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Planting base 2 Plate-like part 3 Perimeter wall 4 Support pillar 5 Concave part 6 Convex part 10 Dies 11 Lip 20 Tree planting structure 21 Soil 22 Plant 22a Lawn 22b Azalea 23 Metal fittings

Claims (5)

  A base for planting characterized in that a plurality of support pillars of substantially the same height are erected on the upper surface of the plate-like part, and the whole is formed of a synthetic resin foam having a water-permeable gap. .   The planting base according to claim 1, wherein a peripheral wall having substantially the same height as the support column is formed on a peripheral edge of the plate-like portion. The height of the support column is 5 to 20 cm, the interval between the support columns is 3 to 15 cm, and the tip end area of the support column is 5 to 125 cm ² , The planting base according to 2.   The planting base according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sum total of the tip end areas of the support pillars is 30 to 70% of the total area of the upper surface of the plate-like part.   A plurality of planting bases according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are connected and laid, and the laid planting base is filled with soil, and plants are planted in the filled soil. A greening structure characterized by that.

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