JP3119564B2 - Garbage processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for processing garbage such as garbage generated in a kitchen at each home, and more particularly to a garbage processing apparatus of the type which fermentes and decomposes garbage by microorganisms.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the demand for apparatuses for processing garbage generated at home in each home has increased, and various garbage processing apparatuses have been proposed. Among these, many devices are used to ferment and decompose garbage with the help of microorganisms and compost the decomposed garbage. In general, this type of equipment employs aerobic fermentation using aerobic bacteria because it produces less offensive odor due to fermentation. To create an environment (medium) in which these aerobic bacteria can easily propagate, The apparatus is equipped with a stirring means, a heating means and an air supply means, and performs moisture adjustment, temperature adjustment and oxygen supply.

For example, there is a conventionally known device shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a processing vessel in which a culture medium containing aerobic bacteria is formed, in which a stirring blade 2 serving as a stirring means, a heater 3 serving as a heating means in the lower part, and a fan 4 serving as an air sending means in the upper part. Provided. Further, a drainage plate 5 in the form of a mesh is attached to the bottom of the container 1 so that excess water in the culture medium accumulates in a drainage tank 6 thereunder. By sequentially putting garbage into such a container 1, the garbage is decomposed into carbohydrate gas and water by the action of aerobic bacteria. Here, the conditions for performing ideal aerobic fermentation are to be achieved as follows.

Moisture adjustment: Most of the water from the garbage and the water generated by the fermentation decomposition penetrate the medium by the air blown from the fan 4 and flow downward, and are discharged from the drain plate 5 to the drain tank 6. . Further, a part thereof is vaporized by the heater heat and the fermentation heat and discharged to the outside.

[0005] Temperature control: If an optimal fermentation state is ensured, the temperature in the medium reaches nearly 60 ° C due to the heat of fermentation. When the ambient temperature is low, the heater is energized and heated to a temperature at which the aerobic bacteria can work.

[0006] Oxygen supply is the most important point in performing aerobic fermentation. Here, every time garbage is charged, the stirring blade 2 is rotated to take in oxygen into the culture medium.
In addition, driving of the fan 4 ensures air circulation.

[0007]

In such an apparatus, oxygen can be supplied only when the stirring blade 2 rotates, and if the stirring blade 2 is manually rotated, the oxygen is only stirred when the garbage is charged. Will be. Therefore, when the garbage is not put in for a long time, the inside of the container 1 is in an oxygen-deficient state, which is not an environment where aerobic bacteria can work, and there is a problem that anaerobic bacteria are generated and a bad smell is generated. . This problem can be solved to some extent by periodically driving the stirring blades 5 with a motor, but it is inevitable that the apparatus becomes expensive due to the addition of the motor, the speed reduction mechanism and the control means.

Further, the fan 4 for securing the air circulation and for flowing the excess water of the culture medium downward also cools the microorganisms which have started to work actively due to the heat of fermentation of their own. This causes a problem of lowering.

Furthermore, in winter when the temperature drops, the inner surface of the container is condensed due to the temperature difference between the inside and the outside air. Therefore, the medium in the vicinity of the container contains moisture and is not supplied with oxygen, so that anaerobic bacteria are generated. It gives off a bad smell. If this state continues, the water retention of the culture medium will increase, the environment in which aerobic bacteria can work will decrease, and the trash treatment capacity will decrease drastically. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a garbage disposal apparatus that solves these problems with a simple and inexpensive configuration.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a processing container into which garbage is put, a stirring means provided in the container, and a drive for rotating the stirring means. Means for forming a medium in which microorganisms inhabit in the container, arranging the medium so that the microorganisms can be easily activated, and treating garbage to be sequentially charged by fermentation and decomposition of microorganisms. In the apparatus, a main body case that is detachably attached with the processing container having a gap with an inner surface, and a gas-permeable plate that is attached with a gap on the bottom surface and both side surfaces of the processing container, A heater provided in a gap between the processing container and the bottom of the main body case, and a ventilation hole for introducing hot air from the heater into the processing container is opened in the bottom of the processing container. It is.

[0011]

According to the present invention, by providing a plate having a plurality of vent holes, the air contact area of the culture medium is increased,
The supply of oxygen becomes active. The moisture evaporated by the fermentation heat flows out of the air holes of the plate and is discharged outside through the space between the plate and the container. When a heater provided at the lower part of the container is energized, warmed air is introduced from a vent hole opened at the bottom of the container and supplied into the culture medium from plates provided on the bottom surface and both side surfaces. As a result, the circulation of air and the evaporation of moisture are activated, and no decrease in temperature is observed.
Even when used in winter, the medium does not solidify due to the condensed water due to the small contact surface between the plate and the medium and the warm air flowing through the space between the plate and the inner surface of the container.

[0012]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 2 and 3, reference numeral 10 denotes a box-shaped processing apparatus main body having an open upper surface, 11 denotes a cover member that covers the upper surface of the main body 1, and 12 denotes a processing container detachably mounted inside the main body 10. The lid member 11 includes a fixed portion 11a having an exhaust hole 13 and an opening / closing portion 11b attached to the fixed portion 11a so as to be openable and closable. And again container 10
It has a shape that is inclined forward so as not to hang inside. The garbage is put into the container 12 by opening and closing the opening / closing portion 11b of the lid member 11, and can be removed from the main body 10 by removing the fixing portion 11a. A vent 12a is formed in the center of the bottom of the container 12 so that air heated by a heater described later is supplied into the container.

Reference numeral 14 denotes a rotating shaft which is rotatably mounted inside the container 12 through the front and back surfaces of the container 12, and 15 denotes three rotating shafts which are each shifted by 120 ° around the rotating shaft 14. Agitating blade. Reference numeral 16 denotes a rotating handle rotatably attached to the front of the main body 10,
17 is a driven gear provided at the tip of the rotating shaft of the handle,
Reference numeral 18 denotes a passive gear attached to the front end of the rotary shaft 14. By rotating the rotary handle 16, the reduced gear is transmitted from the driven gear 17 to the passive gear 18, the rotary shaft 14 in the container 12 rotates, and the stirring blade 15 Agitates the garbage and the culture medium in the container 12.

A heating box 19 is provided below the container 12 at the bottom of the main body 10 and has a vent hole 19a on the upper surface. A heater 20 is supported by the box and mounted horizontally. The heater 20 indirectly heats the container 12 and plays a role of evaporating surplus moisture generated by the addition of garbage, adjusting the temperature of the culture medium, and supplying oxygen along with an increase in warm air.

Reference numeral 21 denotes a bottom plate which is attached to the bottom surface of the container 12 so as to form a gap S ₁ , and reference numerals 22 and 22 denote gaps S _{2 on} both side surfaces of the container 12 parallel to the rotating shaft 14.
Each of the side plates is attached in such a manner as to generate a hole, and is formed of a mesh-shaped punching plate having a plurality of fine perforations. Since the culture medium of the microorganism is accommodated in the area surrounded by the plates 21 and 22, the perforations of the plates 21 and 22 preferably have a diameter of about 2 mm and a pitch of about 3.5 mm so that the culture medium does not spill and clog.
As the material of the culture medium, it is preferable to use peat moss from the viewpoints of good air permeability, low specific gravity, low cost, easy availability, and the like.

Next, the use and operation of the above embodiment will be described. First, peat moss serving as a culture medium is placed in an area formed in the container 12 by the plates 21 and 22, and an appropriate amount of aerobic bacteria powder is charged. Then handle 1
The agitating blade 15 is rotated by 6 to make the peat moss adapt to the aerobic bacteria. After the initial garbage is charged, the heater 20 is driven to increase the temperature in the medium until the activity of the bacteria is activated, and the handle 16 is turned again to mix the garbage with the medium. Then, the bacterium is cultivated in 2-3 days and starts vigorous fermentation decomposition. The handle 16 is rotated every time dust is thrown in. However, in the case of peat moss, about 15 turns are sufficient because the specific gravity is small and the sinking of dust is good.

The warm air generated by the heater 20 is introduced from the ventilation hole 19a of the heating box 19 through the ventilation hole 12a opened on the bottom surface of the container 12, and is supplied to the culture medium through the bottom plate 21. The temperature and oxygen required to do so are ensured. The organic matter in the introduced garbage is fermented and decomposed into carbon dioxide gas and water by these aerobic bacteria, and the moisture is discharged as steam by the warm air and the fermentation heat of the bacteria. The steam generated here is discharged to the outside through an exhaust hole 13 provided in the fixing portion 11a of the lid member 11, and a part of the vapor is condensed on the inner surface of the opening / closing portion 11b of the lid member 11, and along the inclination of the opening / closing portion 11b. Will be discharged.

Further, the warm air from the heater is also supplied from the bottom plate 21 to the gap S ₂ between the side plate 22 and the side of the container, so that heat radiation from the side of the container 12 is prevented and a heat retaining effect can be expected. In addition, convection occurs due to the supply of warm air from the side plate 22 and the exhaustion from the culture medium, and the activity of bacteria in the vicinity of the convection increases. Medium and each plate 21,
Since the area of contact with the surface of the microbe 22 is small, the flow of air is not hindered or solidified due to dew condensation, and the activity of the bacterium is performed in any part.

As described above, according to the present invention, only by arranging the heater and the punching plate, the water adjustment, temperature adjustment and oxygen supply required for the fermentation of the aerobic bacteria can be smoothly performed, and an extremely simple and inexpensive configuration is optimal. Garbage disposal can be performed. That is, in the heater, water removal and air permeability are improved by the generation of convection due to the supply of hot air, and in the punching plate, the flow of oxygen and the removal of moisture at the contact surface of the container where bacteria are less active are performed. Therefore, the processing speed of garbage can be increased, and the replacement time of the culture medium can be extended.

In order to further improve the fermentation decomposition by this apparatus, heat insulating materials may be provided on three surfaces except the front surface of the main body 10 to improve the heat retaining property of the container 12.
In addition, it is desirable to detect the outside air temperature or the container temperature in order to save the power of the heater, and to control the energization such that the heater is fully energized at a low temperature, the heater is half energized at an appropriate temperature, and the heater is stopped at a high temperature. Variation in fermentation depending on the season is also eliminated.

[0021]

As described above, according to the present invention, the air-permeable plate is attached to the processing container so as to provide a gap between the bottom surface and both side surfaces, so that the hot air of the heater is introduced into the processing container. The warm air generated by the heater is supplied into the culture medium through the plate from the ventilation hole at the bottom of the processing vessel, and the oxygen and temperature necessary for the fermentation of the aerobic bacteria are sufficiently provided, and the decomposition rate of the garbage can be increased. . In addition, the hot air introduced from the ventilation holes on the bottom of the processing vessel is also introduced to both sides, and the oxygen supply and steam discharge accompanying the introduction of the hot air are also actively performed from this side, so that the fermentation can be performed evenly in the vessel. Can be. In addition, since the apparatus uses only the heat convection of the heater, a means for forcibly blowing air such as a fan and a drainage tank are not required, and an inexpensive and compact apparatus without noise can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a conventional garbage processing apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing the garbage disposal apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of the apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 12 Processing Container 15 Stirring Blade 20 Heater 21 Bottom Plate 22 Side Plate

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B09B 3/00 C05F 9/02

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A processing container into which garbage is put, a stirring means provided in the container, and a driving means for rotating and driving the stirring means, forming a culture medium in which microorganisms live in the container, In a garbage disposal apparatus of a type in which this medium is prepared so that microorganisms can be easily activated, and garbage that is successively introduced is processed by the fermentation and decomposition action of the microorganism, A body case that can be freely attached, a gas-permeable plate that is attached with a gap between the bottom surface and both side surfaces of the processing container, and a heater that is provided in a gap between the processing container and a bottom portion of the body case. A garbage disposal apparatus, characterized in that a ventilation hole for introducing hot air from the heater into the processing vessel is opened at the bottom of the processing vessel.