JP3554361B2 - Garbage fermentation processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention provides easy-to-use and useful compost by fermenting kitchen garbage, so-called garbage, discharged from homes and the like in a fermenter while stirring with an agitating means in an environment maintaining an appropriate temperature and humidity. And a garbage fermentation treatment apparatus for producing various substances.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Until now, fermentation of garbage discharged from large inns and large-scale restaurants has reduced the volume of the garbage, and has a relatively low moisture content. A garbage fermentation treatment apparatus is known as an apparatus for producing such a substance.
[0003]
Usually, as a fermentation treatment apparatus of this type, in order to maintain favorable fermentation conditions without anaerobic fermentation, at least an appropriate temperature, humidity and fresh air are supplied to promote fermentation, and as short as possible It is desirable to use an apparatus which generates an environment necessary for terminating the fermentation treatment, has a sanitary handling, and has a function of minimizing a bad smell generated from garbage as much as possible.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, a conventional garbage fermentation treatment apparatus having such a function becomes considerably large-scale as an apparatus, and therefore, its price becomes high, and the required installation space becomes large. And the cost of maintenance was not inexpensive. Therefore, it has not been easy to introduce such a garbage fermentation treatment apparatus not only in ordinary households but also in small and medium-sized canteens and restaurants.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An object of the present invention is to provide a garbage fermentation treatment apparatus which eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks, can be easily introduced in homes, small and medium-sized canteens, restaurants, etc., and is easy to sanitize and miniaturized. With the goal.
[0006]
The garbage fermentation treatment device of the present invention,
A housing having a space surrounded by inner walls so as to form a predetermined environment including a temperature and a humidity optimal for the activity of the fermentation bacteria on the garbage,
A cage having a side wall having a large number of holes, and a rotating shaft rotatably supported by the bottom of the housing, and having a volume accommodated in the housing and capable of accommodating garbage to be fermented. And a rotating tank,
It has a fixed axis that is fixed to the housing and protrudes into the rotary tub in parallel with the rotary axis of the rotary tub, so that the garbage put into the rotary tub is stirred by the rotation of the rotary tub. And a stirring blade having a plurality of blades fixed to the fixed shaft.
[0007]
[Action]
The garbage fermentation treatment apparatus of the present invention stirs garbage in a rotary tank and takes in fresh air into the garbage, and maintains an environment suitable for fermentation in the rotary tank by airflow from a fan or heating by a heater. With such a configuration, the fermentation of garbage proceeds rapidly, and a substance which is easy to perform after-treatment in a short time, that is, a relatively dry and hygienic compost-like substance is generated.
[0008]
Embodiment 1
FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing the outline of the garbage fermentation treatment apparatus. In the figure, a casing 1 has a square shape as a whole, and, as described below, an inner chamber 2a for accommodating a blower fan in order from the left of FIG. Form an inner chamber 2b for accommodating a rotary tub 3 of about 50 liters, and an inner chamber 2c for accommodating a driving device 4 for rotatingly driving the rotary tub 3.
[0009]
Casters 5 (only the left rear is shown in the figure) are attached to each corner of the bottom 1a of the housing 1 to make the device movable. At an appropriate position of the bottom 1a, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, at a position slightly left from the center of the bottom 1a, a drain hole 6 opened downward is provided. The drain hole 6 is provided for discharging the water separated from the garbage and the water due to the water droplets agglomerated in the inner chamber 2b to the outside so that the water does not stay in the inner chamber 2b, and at least one drain hole 6 is provided. A bearing 3b for supporting a rotating shaft 3a fixed to the rotating tub 3 is provided at a substantially central position of the bottom 1a, and a rotating wheel 7 is attached to the rotating shaft 3a protruding from the housing 1 to the outside. ing. As shown in FIG. 2, a notch 3c is provided at the tip of the rotating shaft 3a of the rotating tub 3, and when inserted into the bearing 3b, the notch 7a of the rotating wheel 7 and the notch 3c of the rotating shaft 3a mesh. In this state, the rotation of the rotating wheel 7 is transmitted to the rotating tub 3.
[0010]
The driving device 4 including the motor 4a and the speed reducer 4b for reducing the rotation of the motor 4a is accommodated in the inner chamber 2c as described above, and the rotation shaft 8 of the driving device 4 protruding from the inner chamber 2c, that is, the housing 1 is provided. An attached rotating wheel 9 is provided. A belt 10 is wound between the rotating shaft 3 a and the rotating wheel 9, and the torque of the driving device 4 is transmitted to the rotating tank 3 via the rotating wheel 9 and the rotating wheel 7. Is rotated at a speed of about two to three revolutions per minute.
[0011]
A louver 11 for introducing outside air from outside the housing 1 to the inner chamber 2a is attached to the left side wall 1b of the housing 1. A blower fan 12 is mounted on the inner wall 2d of the inner chamber 2a and at a position lower than a position facing the louver 11, and the blower fan 12 sends outside air sucked through the louver 11 to the inner chamber 2b, that is, rotates. It is pumped toward the tank 3. A heater which is energized by a commercial power supply having a thermostat 35 which operates when the temperature in the rotary tank 3 is lower than the preferable temperature for fermentation, for example, 50 ° C., is provided in the inner wall 2d near the bottom 1a. 13 is attached.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 2, the rotary tank 3 is provided with a large number of holes so as to discharge moisture released from garbage and the like from the rotary tank 3 when the rotary tank 3 rotates about the rotary wheel 7. It is a cylindrical basket formed by using punching metal. As shown by a dotted line, a bag 14 made of a nonwoven fabric permeable to moisture as described above is arranged inside the rotating tank 3.
[0013]
In order to stably dispose the bag 14 in the rotating tub 3 that accommodates and rotates the garbage, the sack 14 is pressed and fixed while being spread so as to be in contact with the inside of the rotating tub 3. A plastic ring cage 15 is arranged, and its outer shape is shown in FIG. At the upper end of the ring basket 15, projections 15a, 15b are provided which protrude outwardly and engage with the grooves 16a, 16b; Further, a pair of handles 17a, 17b are attached to the rotating tank 3 at symmetrical positions at the upper end thereof so as to be easily handled when the rotating tank 3 is attached to or taken out of the inner chamber 2b.
[0014]
A lid 18 that can be opened and closed and that is closed while the rotary tub 3 is rotating and that covers the upper surface of the rotary tub 3 is provided. A fixed shaft 19 that is offset from the center of rotation of the rotating tub 3 and that projects into the rotating tub 3 in parallel with the rotating tub 3 is disposed on the lid 18 so as to efficiently stir the garbage. . In addition, since the lid 18 is dangerous if the rotary tank 3 rotates when it is opened, the lid 18 is turned off when the lid 18 is opened and turned on by its weight when the lid 18 is closed. A switch 20 is provided on the inner wall 2d, and the driving device 4 is connected to a power source via the interlock switch 20 and a start switch (not shown).
[0015]
Three stirring blades 21 are fixed to the fixed shaft 19 at substantially equal intervals. The stirring blade 21 is inclined upward and to the right when viewed from its extending direction (the right side in FIG. 1). When the rotating tank 3 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. By rotating the garbage in the garbage so as to send out the garbage upward, the garbage acts to stir and circulate the garbage in the rotating tank 3.
[0016]
The structure of the stirring blade 21 may be a structure as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, for example. FIG. 5 is a front view of the stirring blade 21, and FIG. 6 is a side view corresponding thereto. That is, a plate-like vertical blade 121a made of a stainless alloy is attached so as to hang down from the lid 18 together with the fixed shaft 19, and the lower end of the vertical blade 121a is bent at two positions each of 45 degrees and the tip is fixed. The shaft 19 is engaged with the shaft 19 by means such as welding from a vertical direction.
[0017]
Horizontal blades 121b and 121c are attached in the direction of the fixed shaft 19 from two places in the middle of the vertical blade 121a. The horizontal blades 121b and 121c are inclined at a predetermined angle (in FIG. 6, in the upward direction). In such a structure of the stirring blade 21, when the rotating tank 3 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 2, the garbage put in the rotating tank 3 is rotated in the garbage so as to be sent out upward. In addition, the garbage can be further agitated and pulverized, and the rot effect of the garbage caused by the fermentation bacteria can be further enhanced.
[0018]
An air filter 22 as shown in FIG. 4 is attached to the inner wall 2d of the housing 1 to which the blower fan 12 is attached. The air filter 22 has a cylinder 23 having air permeability from the inner chamber 2b to the inner chamber 2a. In the cylinder 23, a fibrous activated carbon for adsorbing odor generated from garbage in the rotary tank 3 is provided. 24 are filled.
[0019]
Next, the operation of the garbage fermentation treatment apparatus having the above-described configuration will be described. The bag 14 is mounted in the rotating tank 3 shown in FIG. 2, and the ring cage 15 shown in FIG. 3 is inserted, and its projections 15a, 15b are engaged with the grooves 16a, 16b; or 16c, 16d. Further, the lid 18 of the garbage fermentation treatment apparatus is opened, and the rotary tank 3 on which the bag 14 and the ring basket 15 are mounted as described above is installed in the inner chamber 2b. At this time, the tip of the rotating shaft 3a of the rotating tub 3 is inserted into the bearing 3b, and the notch 3c is engaged with the notch 7a of the rotating wheel 7, so that the rotation of the rotating wheel 7 can be transmitted to the rotating tub 3. become.
[0020]
The garbage to be treated is put into the rotating tank 3, and a microbial activator containing a fermentation bacterium is further put into the garbage at a rate of, for example, 20 g to 40 g / 1 liter, and the lid 18 is closed. As a result, the interlock switch 20 is turned on, and when the start switch is further turned on, the driving device 4 starts rotating. The rotation of the driving device 4 is transmitted to the rotating tub 3 via the rotating wheel 9, the belt 10 and the rotating wheel 7. Since the blower fan 12 and the heater 13 are also connected to the start switch, if the temperature in the inner chamber 2b is lower than a predetermined temperature suitable for the fermentation bacteria, the heater 13 is turned on, and the temperature in the inner chamber 2c is turned on. If the temperature is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the blower fan 12 sends the air outside the housing 1 into the inner chamber 2b into the inner chamber 2b, lowers the temperature in the inner chamber 2c, and reduces the temperature in the inner chamber 2c. Is maintained at a predetermined temperature.
[0021]
The garbage in the rotating tank 3 is stirred by the stirring blades 21 according to the rotation of the rotating tank 3 to promote fermentation by the fermenting bacteria. The water separated from the garbage and the water due to the water droplets agglomerated in the inner chamber 2a are discharged to the outside of the housing 1 through the drain hole 6 in order to appropriately maintain the humidity. Further, the odor generated from the garbage is absorbed by the filter 20. When the fermentation of the garbage progresses and the garbage enters the compost state, the start switch is turned off, the rotating tub 3 is taken out from the inner chamber 2c, and the garbage in the composted state is removed from the rotating tub 3 and the fermentation treatment Ends. Garbage may be additionally charged as long as the capacity of the rotating tank 3 is not exceeded during the processing cycle described above.
[0022]
Note that a plurality of rotating tanks 3 may be accommodated in the housing 1 and operated in parallel according to the processing capacity of garbage, or may be operated individually.
[0023]
Embodiment 2
7 to 9 show another embodiment of the present invention.
In each of these drawings, components denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment have the same functions as those of the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.
[0024]
Hereinafter, only the characteristic portions of the present embodiment will be described.
[Stirring blade 221]
As shown in FIG. 7, the stirring blade 221 according to the second embodiment has horizontal blades 121b and 121c that are inclined in a diagonal direction between a pair of vertical fixed shafts 19a and 19b. The configurations and functions of the horizontal blades 121b and 121c are the same as those described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6 of the first embodiment, and a description thereof will not be repeated.
[0025]
The vertical fixed shafts 19a, 19b are fixed at their base ends to the horizontal fixed shaft 19c by welding or the like, and both ends of the horizontal fixed shaft 19c are detachably attached to the upper part of the housing 1. That is, in the second embodiment, the stirring blades 221 are not attached to the lid 18 but are fixed to the housing 1 itself. It is possible to design a large shape so that the stirring efficiency of the can be increased.
[0026]
Therefore, in the second embodiment, when the garbage after fermentation in the rotary tank 3 is disposed, the lid 18 is opened, the horizontal fixed shaft 19c is gripped, and the stirring blade 221 is removed from the tank. The operation of removing the rotating tank 3 from the inside of the housing 1 is performed.
[0027]
When fresh garbage is added, it is not necessary to remove the stirring blade 221. As shown in FIG. 8, a sufficient opening into the tank is secured even when the stirring blade 221 is mounted.
[Circulation fan 31]
In the second embodiment, a circulating fan 31 is provided on a portion of the lid 18 located above the rotary tank 3. The circulation fan 31 prevents the warm air heated by the heater 13 (the flow of the warm air is indicated by a thick arrow in FIG. 7) from staying in the upper space, and efficiently removes the warm air to the garbage in the rotary tank 3. Installed to supply and promote fermentation.
[0028]
In addition, a thermostat 35 is attached together with the circulation fan 31 so that when the temperature in the housing 1 rises abnormally, the power supply to the heater 13 is stopped.
[Filter chamber 32]
In the second embodiment, a filter chamber 32 that communicates the inner chamber 2a and the inner chamber 2b is provided above the inner wall 2d that separates the inner chamber 2a that houses the blower fan 12 and the inner chamber 2b that houses the rotary tub 3. The filter chamber 32 is filled with activated carbon 33.
[0029]
Therefore, in the second embodiment, the outside air sent into the inner chamber 2 b by the blower fan 12 is heated by the heater 13 and rises above the inner chamber 2 b, and a part thereof is rotated by the circulation fan 31 described above. A part of the air is passed through the activated carbon of the filter chamber 32, is deodorized, descends in the inner chamber 2a, and flows again into the inner chamber 2b by the blower fan 12.
[0030]
In addition, fresh air is introduced into the inner chamber 2a from the louver 11 (shown in FIG. 7) by the action of the airflow descending from the filter chamber 32 through the inner chamber 2a.
By such air circulation, a constant deodorization in the inner chamber 2b is realized, and an extreme temperature drop in the tank due to the introduction of a large amount of outside air is also prevented.
[Proximity switch 34]
The proximity switch 34 shown in FIG. 7 detects opening and closing of the lid 18 and has the same function as the interlock switch 20 in the first embodiment. That is, when the proximity switch 34 detects the opening operation of the lid 18, the power supply of the motor 4a and the heater 13 is controlled to be off.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
Above mentioned manner, according to the present invention, with taking fresh air thereto and stirred in a rotating tub garbage, suitable fermenting the rotatable tub for fermentation by heating by the air flow and the heater by a fan Since it is configured to maintain the environment, the fermentation of garbage progresses rapidly, and a substance that is easy to post-process in a short time, that is, a compost-like substance is generated. This material is relatively dry, so it is hygienic and easy to incinerate, and the volume of the produced material is significantly reduced compared to the original garbage. Therefore, disposal and transportation are easy. Even if the device is a small device that can be easily used in ordinary households, the effects described above are not lost, so that the device can be easily reduced in size.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a garbage fermentation treatment apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a schematic structure of a rotary tank of the first embodiment. FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a schematic structure of a basket. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic structure of a filter of Example 1. FIG. 5 is a front view showing a structure of a stirring blade of Example 1. FIG. 7 is a side view showing the structure of the stirring blade of Example 1. FIG. 7 is a front sectional view of the garbage fermentation treatment apparatus of Example 2. FIG. 8 is a plan view of the garbage fermentation treatment apparatus of Example 2. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the garbage fermentation treatment apparatus according to the second embodiment.
1. Cases 2a, 2b, 2c ... Inner chamber 3 ... Rotating tub 4 ... Drive unit 12 ... Blower fan 13 ... Heater 14 ... Bag 15 ... Ring cage 18 ... Lid 19 ... Fixed Shaft 19a ··· Vertical fixed shaft 19b ··· Horizontal fixed shafts 21 and 221 ··· Stirring blades 121a and 121b ··· Horizontal blade 22 ··· Air filter 31 ··· Circulating fan 32 ··· Filter chamber 34 ··· Proximity switch

Claims (9)

A housing that defines an atmosphere related to fermentation bacteria for garbage, a rotatable housing rotatably housed in the housing and having a plurality of holes, one end fixed to the housing, and the other end fixed to the rotatable bath . a fixed shaft protruding, the garbage thrown into the rotary tub to stir by rotation of the rotary tub, and a stirring blade formed by extending from the fixed shaft, wherein the housing, the predetermined environmental A first inner chamber provided with an intake port for taking in outside air into the housing to form a housing, a blower fan for supplying outside air introduced into the first inner chamber into the rotary tank, and the blower fan A garbage fermentation treatment apparatus having a second inner chamber provided with a heater for increasing the outside air temperature from the garbage. A housing having a space surrounded by an inner wall so as to form a predetermined environment including an optimum temperature and humidity for the activity of the fermentation bacterium on the garbage, a side wall having a number of holes, and rotating by the bottom of the housing. A rotatable shaft supported so as to be accommodated in the housing, and a cage-shaped rotating tank having a volume capable of accommodating garbage to be fermented, and fixed to the housing, A plurality of fixed shafts having a fixed shaft protruding from the rotating tank in parallel with the rotating shaft of the rotating tank, and fixed to the fixed shaft so as to stir the garbage thrown into the rotating tank by the rotation of the rotating tank. A stirring blade having blades , wherein the housing is provided with a first inner chamber having an intake port for taking in outside air into the housing to form a predetermined environment, and the housing is introduced into the first inner chamber. A blower fan for supplying outside air into the rotary tank; Garbage fermentation treatment apparatus and a second inner chamber comprising a heater to increase the outside air temperature from the blowing fan. The garbage emission processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the intake port for taking in outside air into the housing includes a looper . Garbage fermentation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the above the rotating drum, characterized in that the circulating fan for supplying outside air temperature is increased to efficiently rotate vessel is provided by the heater . Between the first inner chamber and the second inner chamber, there is provided a filter chamber filled with a deodorant which communicates the two chambers, and deodorizes the outside air in the second inner chamber to form a first chamber. The garbage fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the garbage fermentation treatment apparatus is returned to the inner chamber of the garbage. The rotating shaft of the rotating tub protrudes out of the space and is mechanically coupled to the rotating shaft, and is rotationally driven by a driving device that reduces the rotation of the motor. Or the garbage fermentation treatment apparatus according to 2. The garbage fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a rotation shaft of the rotary tank is detachably connected to the drive device from the housing. The garbage fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the stirring blade is attached to a lid of the housing that is closed during rotation of the rotary tank. A permeable bag is accommodated on the inner wall of the rotating tub, and a ring cage for fixing the bag by pressing the bag in an expanded state on the inner wall of the rotating tub is attached inside the bag. The garbage fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that:

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