【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、温湿度の自動調整を行い且つ酵素を用いて好気性微生物環境の最適化を図り、好気性生菌或いは微生物の最適化された活動によって生ゴミを分解処理する生ゴミ処理方法及び処理機に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
近年、ゴミ問題や環境問題に鑑み生ゴミ処理に関する技術や生ゴミ処理機が多数開発されている。これらの従来型の生ゴミ処理方式には、発酵槽内を加温・攪拌して生菌若しくは微生物の活性化を促し、前記槽内において生ゴミを微生物分解させて堆肥化するもの（例えば、特許文献１参照。）、或いはチップ等の菌床を充填した分解処理槽に生ゴミを投入して、攪拌しながら好気性微生物等によって生ゴミを水と炭酸ガス等に分解消滅させるもの（例えば、特許文献２参照。）等が知られている。
【０００３】
【特許文献１】
特開平９−３１４１１５号公報
【特許文献２】
特開２０００−３５４８４９号公報
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
これら従来公知の生ゴミ処理方式は数回程度の処理を行ううちに、処理能が徐々に低下し処理量の減少や臭気の発生或いは臭気の増加による臭害を招き、屋内設置の困難や脱臭設備の増設が必要とされ追設費用の高額化等の問題を呈していた。
【０００５】
適正なる分解処理が行われなくなる主たる要因としては、用いる微生物若しくは細菌によって多少異なるが、その初期には処理槽内における菌類に好適であった微生物環境が分解処理を重ねるうちに変化し、温度、湿度、酸素量、ｐｈ等が適正範囲から外れて行ってしまい適正範囲内に保てなくなっていたと分析される。特に、高温発酵型の菌を用いた場合には、急速な温度上昇を伴うことや或いは、分解の開始と共に大量の水分を発生し処理槽内が高湿度化すること、酸素量の低下等といった菌類の適正な増殖、活動を阻害する要因が増大すると考えられる。
【０００６】
生ゴミ処理における臭気の発生に関する問題は、用いる細菌の種類や微生物環境等によって異なるが凡そ次の様に考え得る。元来、生ゴミは臭気を放つものであるが発酵型処理方式の場合、発酵菌の放つ臭気が付加される為、臭気の発生が避けられず、特に高温発酵型の菌を用いた場合には悪臭を発生する。逆に、低温発酵型の菌を用いた場合には、分解処理に時間がかかり過ぎ、その間に腐敗臭が発生してしまう。また、菌が糖を分解するとき低酸素状態と成ると嫌気的酸化・発酵により有機酸までしか分解されず臭気が発生する。
【０００７】
本発明は、かかる事情に鑑みて、これらの問題を解決する為に成されたものであり、特に処理槽内を好気性有用微生物の増殖に最適な５０〜６０℃の範囲に保持すると共に、分解に伴う水分の除去を効果的に行い処理槽内を最適な湿度に保持し、ｐｈ変化による有用微生物の活動の阻害要因を酵素作用によって最大限に抑制し、臭気の抑制若しくは分解消臭能力に優れ、迅速且つ大量処理能力を有し、且つ長期使用に耐える生ゴミ処理機を提供することを主たる目的とするものである。
【０００８】
【課題を解決する為の手段】
本発明は、適当な吸水性と保水性及び水分の蒸散性若しくは飛散性を有するチップに臭気性物質の分解作用及び生理活性能を有する酵素及び処理対象物を混合して、該処理対象物中に存在する好気性有用微生物を所定時間母材として育成した後、該母材に新たな処理対象物を投入して攪拌しつつ、温度及び湿度を最適な状態に調整して該処理対象物を分解する様にしたことを特徴とする生ゴミ処理方法。
【０００９】
また脱水素作用、脱塩素作用、脱炭酸作用、脱酸作用、脱アミノ酸作用等に特に優れた働きをもつ酵素と適当な吸水性、保水性、蒸散性を有するチップ及び処理対象物に含まれる有用微生物を攪拌して成る母材を処理対象物と共に処理槽内において、攪拌して処理対象物を主に水と炭酸ガスとに分解処理する生ゴミ処理機であって、処理槽内において母材と処理対象物を攪拌する為の攪拌手段を備え、分解処理時に発生した高温、高湿度のガスを処理槽内から排出し、温められた乾いた空気を処理槽内に取り込み処理槽内の温度と湿度とを有用微生物の環境に適したものと成る様に調整する為の空調手段と処理対象物に合わせ処理槽内の温度を調整する為の加熱・保温手段を備えて成り、好ましくは処理槽内から排出されたガスを脱臭する為の脱臭手段を当該処理機の排気口に連結した構成より成る。
【００１０】
前記チップは、好ましくは木材を細かくしたもの、若しくはオガクズの如く加工して吸水性、保水性及び蒸散性を付与したもの、更に好ましくは杉の木をオガクズの如く加工したものであるが、適当な吸水性、保水性及び蒸散性があればこれらに限定されない。
【００１１】
前記攪拌手段は、該処理槽内に付設された攪拌翼を配置して成る攪拌アームが、該処理槽の隣室に配置されるモーターを駆動源として、正回転と逆回転を交互に繰り返し運転を与え続ける様に構成して成るが、母材及び処理対象物を万遍なく攪拌し、母材及び処理対象物が固形化した所謂だまに成り難く且つ、全体に酸素を多く取り込むことが出来、分解処理に伴い発生した炭酸ガスや水を母材及び処理対象物から効率的に排することが出来れば良い。
【００１２】
前記空調手段は、分解処理に際し処理槽内において発生した過度な熱とガス及び水蒸気を該槽内における結露の事前に次々と連続的に排し、且つ適度に温め除湿した空気を処理槽内に取り込むことが出来、処理槽内の雰囲気、温度及び湿度を有用様微生物の活性に適した範囲に保つことが出来る様に構成されていれば好くそれ以外何等限定されるものではないが、これを達成する為、好ましくは処理槽内の上方に処理槽内のガスを吸出する為の換気用ファンを通じて熱交換機の排出路を連通し当該処理機の外へ排出する為の排気口を設け、外気を温め且つ乾燥させた空気を処理槽内に取り入れる為の熱交換機に設けた流入路と処理槽内とを連通した構成とすることで熱効率が向上し、加熱・保温手段におけるエネルギー負担を最小化することが出来る。
【００１３】
更に好ましくは、前記熱交換機を通じて排出された高温、高湿度のガス或いは水蒸気は、熱交換機における外気との熱交換の際に大気よりやや高い温度程度に冷却されて水分とガスとに分離され、水分は水滴となって排出路に設けたドレン内において捕集されて該ドレンを通じて外へ排出され、一方分離されたガスは、排気ガスの出口に設けた排気口から排気される構成とする。
【００１４】
本発明の前記加熱・保温手段は、処理槽を下方から温水を用いて加熱或いは保温するものであり、処理槽の下方に配置される温水加熱室に温水を蓄え或いは温水が通過する様に構成され、これによって母材が槽底部に焼き付かず、下方から温めることで熱効率の向上を図ったものであるが、母材が槽底部に焼き付かず、高熱効率で母材及び処理対象物を適度に温めることが出来る構成であればよく何等上記の構成に限定されるものではない。
【００１５】
当該処理機から排気されるガスの主成分は炭酸ガスであり、処理対象物によっては殆ど無臭となるが、脱臭手段と該処理機の排気口とを連結して用いることがより好ましく、前記脱臭手段は、微生物活性水を収容した水槽と該水槽の下方において内外を連通し外部から脱臭対象気体を該水槽内に取り入れる為の複数の気孔を設けて成る入気管を備え、該水槽の上部開口部に排気用ダクトを固定した構成より成る。
【００１６】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本件発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。
本件発明に用いられる酵素１ａは、ミネラルを含み、生ゴミの分解に伴って発生する窒素を効率的に蛋白質に変換する能力を有し、ＡＴＰ、ＡＤＰの作用物質をはじめ、有機酸によく働きかける優れた作用があり、酵素が本来的にもつ脱水素、脱塩素、脱炭酸、脱酸、脱アミノ酸等の脱作用をより効果的に発揮し、分解に伴って発生したガスを更に分解するという連続的な分解作用を呈するものであり、且つ薬剤反応とは比較にならない効率の良さで吸着反応、分解反応を示すものであって、四大悪臭源とされるアンモニア、トリメチルアミン、メチルメルカプタン、硫化水素を殆ど同時に分解消臭するという分解能を有するものである。
【００１７】
例えば、悪臭源の主体である硫化水素に対し酵素１ａを使用した場合、酵素のもつ脱水素作用により瞬間的に水素結合が分断されることによって瞬時に硫化水素でなくする等の特質を発揮する。
【００１８】
また、酵素１ａの陽イオン交換能による育成、熟成、代謝機能の促進等の優れた効果が作用し、細胞賦活作用の向上、病害菌の抑制、有用微生物の増殖等の効果が発露し生理活性化を図り菌群の活性を最大限に引き出すことが出来るという特徴を有する。
【００１９】
適度な吸水性、保水性及び、水分の蒸散性若しくは飛散性とを具備するチップ１ｂを水好ましくは活性水によって、水分量４０〜７０％更に好ましくは４０〜５０％程度に湿らせ、これに酵素１ａを例えばチップ１ｂ、３００リットルに対し、２５〜３０キログラム、及び生ゴミ２０〜３０キログラム程度を混合して母材１とする。
【００２０】
また前記チップ１ｂとして、好ましくは木材を粉砕したものやオガクズを用いることで適度な吸水性、保水性及び、水分の蒸散性等の水分調整能を得ることが出来、更に好ましくは杉の木をオガクズの如く粉砕して成る木材片をチップ１ｂとして用いることで、好適な吸水性、保水性及び水分の蒸散若しくは飛散性を得ることが可能であり、後述の造成方法にて母材１化して用いた場合の母材１の耐久性、微生物環境性が向上し適正なる処理能の持続性に富んだチップ１ｂを得ることが出来る。
【００２１】
母材１の混合等の造成は、処理対象物２を処理する処理槽３内において行うものであり、母材１の投入後、該槽内の温度を好ましくは５０〜６０℃更に好ましくは５１℃、湿度を４０〜７０％好ましくは４０〜５０％に保持して連続攪拌を行い約７時間、より好ましくは約２４時間で完成する。
【００２２】
該処理槽３に隣接する機械室４に電子制御される電動モーター５を配置し、該処理槽３と該機械室４とを連通する連通孔６を通じて、電動モーター５から該処理槽３に突き出した回転軸７を有し、該回転軸７から法線方向に延び、軸方向に間隔をおいて螺旋状に複数配置される攪拌アーム８と該回転軸７の軸方向に螺旋状に複数の該攪拌アーム８を亘り該攪拌アーム８の先端部を結ぶ様にして固定された帯状の攪拌翼９を具備し、前記電動モーター５を駆動源として、該回転軸７を中心に前記攪拌アーム８を回転させることで母材１及び処理対象物２を攪拌する。ただし、ここで駆動源は回転軸７に回転を付与することが出来ればよく何等電動モーター５に限定されるものではない。
【００２３】
前記攪拌翼９の両側面は、刃型にカッティングすることが出来、この様にカッティングすることで、回転半径に合わせ弧状に湾曲させた形状から成る該槽底部１０に付着した母材１或いは処理対象物２を効率よく取り除くことが出来き、また母材１或いは処理対象物２がだまになることを抑制することが出来る。
【００２４】
電動モーター５、回転軸７、攪拌アーム８、及び攪拌翼９によって構成される一連の機構は、二組乃至それ以上の複数組を併設することが出来、併設時にはそれぞれが互いに平行となる様に適当な間隔をもって配置する。
【００２５】
二組以上併設する場合には、母材１及び処理対象物２が各々の回転により該処理槽３内を波状に全体に亘って移動する為、効率よく攪拌が行われ母材１及び処理対象物２の全体に万遍なく酸素を取り入れることが出来、だまになり難く好適である。
【００２６】
該処理槽３内における母材１及び処理対象物２の攪拌は、だまにならず、且つ万遍なく然も空気中の酸素を多く取り込む必要がある為、攪拌は正回転及び逆回転を自動制御により同回転数づつ交互に回転させて行う。この様な回転を与えることで、該処理槽３内における母材１及び処理対象物２の偏りを生じず高効率且つ均質的に攪拌を行うことが出来る。
【００２７】
処理対象物２の処理を行う場合には、該処理槽３の天井部に設けられた開閉部材１１を配置して成る開口部１２より、処理対象物２を該処理槽３内へ投入し、必要に応じて温度設定等の操作を施した後、自動制御にて処理を執り行う。
【００２８】
処理時における該処理槽３内の温度は、好ましくは３０〜６０℃更に好ましくは５０〜６０℃最も好ましくは５１℃、湿度を４０〜７０％好ましくは４０〜５０％程度に保持す。このとき温度が低過ぎれば処理の所要時間が延びて効率の低下を招き、高温に過ぎれば湿度の低下を生じ、よって生菌若しくは好気性微生物の活動を低下せしめ結果的に処理能の低下を招来する。ただし、湿度が適正値に保たれた状態においては、適正範囲内の温度において低温よりも高温の方がより処理能が向上する。これとは逆に、処理槽内の湿度が高湿度に過ぎれば酸素不足となってやはり処理能の低下を来す。これらの理由から温度及び湿度は上記範囲内に保持することが好ましい。
【００２９】
母材１及び処理槽３内の加熱或いは温度保持、管理は、該処理槽３の下方に隣接する温水加熱室１３に配置される電子制御された温水ヒーターによって成され、温水ヒーティング方式による加熱とすることによって、直接的に電気ヒーター等による加熱を行った場合に生じる母材１及び処理対象物２の該槽底部１０に対する焼き付きを防ぎ、酵素や生菌若しくは微生物の活動を低下させることなく分解適正温度への昇温又は降温を行うことが出来好適である。また、母材１及び処理槽３内の加熱等に関して、電気ヒーター等の空気を通した間接的な加熱による場合、熱効率が低下する為、この点においても温水ヒーティング方式を用いて加熱、保温を行うことが好ましい。
【００３０】
また、適正なる温湿度下においては、母材１に含まれる酵素１ａと処理対象物２に予め含有される生菌若しくは好気性微生物の活動が活発化し、それによって処理対象物の分解処理が促進され、分解熱が水分と共に発生する為、適度なる湿度の状態のまま２〜３℃程度の温度上昇が起こり処理効率が向上する。
【００３１】
処理対象物の分解処理が始まると該処理槽３内において、分解熱による昇温を伴い炭酸ガスを主成分とするガスとＨ２Ｏとが多量に発生する。そのとき発生したＨ２Ｏの多くは水蒸気として他のガス即ち、ＣＯ２と共（以下、高温多湿性ガス１７という）に該処理槽３内を上昇し、該処理槽３の上方に配設された該処理槽３と該機械室４とを連通する吸引口１４から該吸引口１４と該機械室４の上部に配置された換気用ファン１５の一端とを連結する通気管１６を通じて、上記の高温多湿性ガス１７が該処理槽３内から吸出される。
【００３２】
該処理槽３内から吸出された高温多湿性ガス１７は、該換気用ファン１５の他端と熱交換機１８の一端とを連結する通気管１９を通じて、更に該熱交換機１８へと送り出され、該熱交換機１８の排出路２０を通過する際、該高温多湿性ガス１７と外気２１との間で両者の温度差による熱交換が成され前者は降温、後者は昇温される。
【００３３】
前記熱交換による降温、冷却の際には、該高温多湿性ガス１７は水蒸気の温度低下による結露を伴い、これによって該高温多湿性ガス１７の水分が水滴となって、水とＣＯ２を主成分とするガス２２とに分離される。分離された水滴若しくは水は、ドレンを通じて当該処理機外に排出或いは取り出される。
【００３４】
他方、該熱交換機１８に設けられた流入路２３を通じて外気２１が該熱交換機１８に取り入れられ、前記熱交換機１８における昇温に際して、温められた外気２１は水分が飛ばされ、乾いた温かい空気（以下、温乾空気２４という）となって、該熱交換機１８から該処理槽３を連通する通気管２５を通して処理槽３内の中程に配置される流入口２６から温乾空気２４が該処理槽３内に取り入れられる。
【００３５】
以上に述べた一連の該処理槽３内に対する気体の出入りによって、該処理槽３内における上方の水蒸気をいち早く該処理槽３内から除去し、該処理槽３内における結露を適度に減少させ、また該熱交換機１８における熱交換によって温められ適度に乾燥された温乾空気２４を該処理槽３内に取り込むことによって、効率よく該処理槽３内の温度と湿度を前記適正範囲内に保つことを達成した。
【００３６】
前記熱交換機１８の排出路２０において冷却分離されたガス２２は、該熱交換機１８の他端と当該処理機に隣接配置される水浄脱臭器２７の下端とを連通する通気管２８を通じて、水浄脱臭器２７内に送り出される。
【００３７】
脱臭に関しては、必要に応じて当該処理機から離脱することも可能であり、処理対象物等の条件によっては、脱臭器等による脱臭は不要となる場合もある。これは、酵素１ａの高度な働きによるものであるが、しかし万一の場合に備える意味でも脱臭器を当該処理機に連結して用いることが好ましく、更に好ましくは、本発明における特徴の一つである該水浄脱臭器２７を使用するとよい。これは比較的安価でありながら、メンテナンスが容易で且つ、長期使用にも耐え得るものであって、高効率にて脱臭することが可能であることによる。
【００３８】
前記水浄脱臭器２７は、水槽２９と該水槽２９の下方において内外を連通し外部から気体を該水槽２９内に取り入れる為の複数の気孔３０を施して成る入気管３１を有し、該水槽２９の上部開口部に固定された排気用ダクト３２、及び該水槽内２９を満たす微生物活性水３３とから構成され、外部から入気管３１を通じて送り込まれたガスは、該水槽２９内部に突き出した部分の入気管３１に設けられた気孔３０から該微生物活性水３３中に気泡となって放出され、その気泡が上昇する過程において僅かにガス２２中に残留していた臭気成分等が該微生物活性水３３の中に溶け込んで微生物分解され、殆どＣＯ２のみとなって排気用ダクト３２から該水浄脱臭器２７外へ排出される。
【００３９】
【実施例】
以下、本件発明の実施例を実験データに基づき説明する。
駆動用電動モーター５、回転軸７、攪拌アーム８から成る一連の攪拌機構を処理槽３及び該処理槽３に隣接する換気用ファン１５と気体の流通量を調整するバルブを設けた熱交換機１８を各１台づつ備えた機械室４に亘り２組配置し、該処理槽３の下部に温水ヒーターを備え、当該処理機の排気口３４と連結された水浄脱臭器２７、１台から構成される生ゴミ処理機を用い、初期の菌床づくりとして、母材１原料のオガクズ３００リットルと酵素１ａ、３０キログラムを投入して、水分４０〜５０％となるよう水分調整を行い、これを攪拌し約３０分後に生ゴミ２０乃至３０キログラムを追加投入し処理槽３内の温度を３７〜４５℃の範囲に維持し更に攪拌を約２４時間行った。これを母材１として下記の実験を行った。
【００４０】
上記の母材１の入った処理槽３に対し３０キログラムの野菜を投入して攪拌を行った場合の実験データを下記実験データ１にあげた。
【００４１】
【００４２】
実験データ１から明らかな通り、設定温度が高い方が或いは、外気温と処理槽３内の温度との温度差が大きい程、処理槽３内から除去される水分量が多くなりまた、熱交換機１８を流通する気体の量が多い方が処理槽３内から除去される水分量が多くなることがわかる。
【００４３】
上記母材１に対し、様々な有機物及び無機物を投入し攪拌した場合にどのようなものが分解可能か調べ、分解されるものと分解されないものを実験データ２にまとめた。
【００４４】
【００４５】
上記実験データ２は、当該発明の生ゴミ処理機が所謂生ゴミとして排出されるものの殆どを数時間程度でほぼ完全に分解消滅させる能力を有することを示している。
【００４６】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、処理対象物の分解に伴い発生した水蒸気を効果的に処理槽内から除去することが可能となり、これによって該処理槽内における湿度を酵素反応や微生物活性に好適な範囲内に保持することが出来ると共に、処理対象物の高温発酵型細菌による分解に伴う温度上昇が生じても効率的な換気が成され過度な温度上昇及び過度な温度低下を無くし、有用微生物若しくは細菌類の増殖及び活動に好適な温度帯に安定的に保持することが可能となり、所謂生ゴミといわれるものに含まれる殆どの処理対象物を水と炭酸ガスとに分解することが出来、分解残さを殆ど残さず、よって臭気を全く若しくは殆ど出さず長期使用による分解処理能力の低下を最大限に抑制し即ち、長期使用に耐え得る生ゴミ処理機を提供することを可能とした。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】正面透視図
【図２】機械室の透視図
【図３】気体の流れを示す図
【図４】攪拌機構を示す図
【図５】正面図
【符号の説明】
１ 母材
１ａ 酵素
１ｂ チップ
２ 処理対象物
３ 処理槽
４ 機械室
５ 電動モーター
６ 連通孔
７ 回転軸
８ 攪拌アーム
９ 攪拌羽
１０ 槽底部
１１ 開閉部材
１２ 開口部
１３ 温水加熱室
１４ 吸引口
１５ 換気用ファン
１６ 通気管
１７ 高温多湿性ガス
１８ 熱交換機
１９ 通気管
２０ 排出路
２１ 外気
２２ ガス
２３ 流入路
２４ 温乾空気
２５ 通気管
２６ 流入路
２７ 水浄脱臭器
２８ 通気管
２９ 水槽
３０ 気孔
３１ 入気管
３２ 排気用ダクト
３３ 微生物活性水
３４ 排気口[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a garbage disposal method for automatically adjusting temperature and humidity and optimizing an aerobic microbial environment by using enzymes, and decomposing garbage by an optimized activity of aerobic microorganisms or microorganisms. It relates to a processing machine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, in view of garbage problems and environmental problems, a number of garbage processing technologies and garbage disposal machines have been developed. In these conventional garbage disposal methods, a fermenter is heated and stirred to promote the activation of live bacteria or microorganisms, and garbage is microbial-decomposed and composted in the tank (for example, Alternatively, garbage is put into a decomposition treatment tank filled with a bed of chips or the like, and the garbage is disintegrated into water and carbon dioxide gas by aerobic microorganisms or the like while stirring (for example, the garbage is removed). And Patent Document 2) are known.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-9-314115 [Patent Document 2]
JP 2000-354849 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In these conventional garbage disposal methods, the treatment capacity gradually decreases during several treatments, resulting in a decrease in the treatment amount, generation of an odor or an increase in the odor, thereby causing difficulty in indoor installation and deodorization. It was necessary to expand the equipment, and this caused a problem such as an increase in additional installation cost.
[0005]
The main factor that prevents proper decomposition treatment is slightly different depending on the microorganisms or bacteria used, but the microbial environment that was suitable for fungi in the treatment tank at the beginning changes during repeated decomposition treatments, temperature, It is analyzed that the humidity, oxygen amount, ph, etc. were out of the proper range and could not be kept in the proper range. In particular, when a high-temperature fermentation type bacterium is used, a rapid increase in temperature or a large amount of water is generated at the same time as the decomposition starts, and the inside of the treatment tank becomes high in humidity. It is thought that factors that inhibit the proper growth and activity of fungi increase.
[0006]
The problem concerning the generation of odors in the processing of garbage varies depending on the type of bacteria used, the microbial environment, and the like, but can be considered as follows. Originally, raw garbage emits an odor, but in the case of fermentation type treatment, the odor emitted by fermentation bacteria is added, so odor generation is unavoidable, especially when high temperature fermentation type bacteria are used. Produces a bad smell. Conversely, when a low-temperature fermentation type bacterium is used, it takes too much time for the decomposition treatment, during which a putrefaction odor is generated. In addition, when bacteria enter a low oxygen state when decomposing sugar, only organic acids are decomposed by anaerobic oxidation and fermentation, and odor is generated.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has been made to solve these problems. In particular, while maintaining the inside of the treatment tank in a range of 50 to 60 ° C., which is optimal for the growth of aerobic useful microorganisms, Effectively removes water accompanying decomposition and keeps the inside of the treatment tank at the optimum humidity, suppresses the factors inhibiting the activity of useful microorganisms due to changes in ph to the maximum by enzymatic action, suppresses odor or eliminates odor It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a garbage disposer having excellent swiftness, rapid and large-capacity processing ability, and enduring long-term use.
[0008]
[Means for solving the problem]
The present invention relates to a method of mixing an enzyme having a decomposing action of an odorous substance and a physiologically active substance and an object to be treated into a chip having appropriate water absorption and water retention and evaporating or scattering of water, and After growing the aerobic useful microorganisms present in the base material as a base material for a predetermined period of time, while adding and stirring a new processing object to the base material, adjusting the temperature and humidity to an optimal state to adjust the processing target object. A garbage disposal method characterized by being decomposed.
[0009]
In addition, it is included in enzymes having particularly excellent functions such as dehydrogenation, dechlorination, decarboxylation, deoxidation, and deamino acid, as well as chips having appropriate water absorption, water retention and transpiration, and objects to be treated. A garbage disposer that stirs a base material formed by stirring useful microorganisms together with an object to be treated in a treatment tank and decomposes the object to be treated mainly into water and carbon dioxide gas. Equipped with a stirring means for stirring the material and the object to be processed, exhausting the high-temperature, high-humidity gas generated during the decomposition process from the processing tank, taking in the warm, dry air into the processing tank, Air conditioning means for adjusting the temperature and humidity so as to be suitable for the environment of useful microorganisms, and heating / warming means for adjusting the temperature in the processing tank in accordance with the object to be processed, preferably To deodorize gas discharged from the processing tank Deodorizing means consisting arrangement coupled to an exhaust port of the processing machine.
[0010]
The chips are preferably made of finely divided wood, or processed like sawdust to impart water absorption, water retention and transpiration, more preferably processed from cedar wood like sawdust, It is not limited to these as long as it has excellent water absorption, water retention and transpiration.
[0011]
The stirring means includes a stirring arm provided with a stirring blade provided in the processing tank, and a motor arranged in a chamber adjacent to the processing tank as a driving source, and alternately rotates the motor forward and backward alternately. It is configured to continue to feed, but the base material and the object to be processed are uniformly stirred, and it is difficult for the base material and the object to be processed to be so-called solidified, and a large amount of oxygen can be taken into the whole, It is sufficient that carbon dioxide gas and water generated during the decomposition treatment can be efficiently discharged from the base material and the object to be treated.
[0012]
The air conditioning means continuously and continuously exhausts excessive heat, gas, and water vapor generated in the processing tank during the decomposition treatment in advance of dew condensation in the tank, and appropriately heats and dehumidifies air into the processing tank. It is preferable that the atmosphere, temperature, and humidity in the treatment tank be maintained within a range suitable for the activity of useful microorganisms. In order to achieve the above, preferably through the ventilation fan for sucking out the gas in the processing tank in the upper part of the processing tank, the discharge path of the heat exchanger is connected, and an exhaust port for discharging the gas to the outside of the processing machine is provided. Heat efficiency is improved by connecting the inflow path provided in the heat exchanger for taking in the air that has warmed and dried air into the processing tank and the inside of the processing tank, thereby improving thermal efficiency and minimizing the energy burden on the heating and heat retaining means. To become Can.
[0013]
More preferably, the high-temperature, high-humidity gas or steam discharged through the heat exchanger is cooled to a temperature slightly higher than the atmosphere at the time of heat exchange with the outside air in the heat exchanger and separated into moisture and gas, Moisture is collected as water droplets in a drain provided in a discharge path and discharged outside through the drain, and the separated gas is exhausted from an exhaust port provided at an exhaust gas outlet.
[0014]
The heating / heating means of the present invention heats or keeps the processing tank from below using hot water, and is configured to store hot water in a hot water heating chamber disposed below the processing tank or to allow hot water to pass therethrough. Therefore, the base material does not seize to the bottom of the tank, and the thermal efficiency is improved by heating from below.However, the base material does not seize to the bottom of the tank, and the base material and the object to be treated are processed with high heat efficiency. The configuration is not limited to the above-mentioned configuration, as long as it can be appropriately heated.
[0015]
The main component of the gas exhausted from the processing machine is carbon dioxide gas, which is almost odorless depending on the processing object. However, it is more preferable to use the deodorizing means connected to the exhaust port of the processing machine, The means includes a water tank containing microbial active water, and an air inlet pipe having a plurality of pores for communicating the inside and outside below the water tank and introducing a gas to be deodorized into the water tank from the outside, and an upper opening of the water tank. The exhaust duct is fixed to the section.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
The enzyme 1a used in the present invention contains minerals, has the ability to efficiently convert nitrogen generated during the decomposition of garbage into proteins, and works well on organic acids, including ATP and ADP active substances. It has an excellent effect, more effectively deactivates enzymes such as dehydrogenation, dechlorination, decarboxylation, deacidification, and deamino acid, and further decomposes the gas generated by decomposition. It exhibits a continuous decomposition action, and exhibits an adsorption reaction and a decomposition reaction with an efficiency that is incomparable to a drug reaction, and it is one of the four major malodor sources such as ammonia, trimethylamine, methyl mercaptan, and sulfide. It has the resolution that hydrogen is eliminated almost simultaneously at the same time.
[0017]
For example, when the enzyme 1a is used for hydrogen sulfide, which is a main source of offensive odor, the hydrogen bond is instantaneously broken by the dehydrogenation action of the enzyme, thereby exhibiting characteristics such as instantaneous elimination of hydrogen sulfide. .
[0018]
In addition, excellent effects such as growth, ripening, and promotion of metabolic function by the cation exchange ability of the enzyme 1a are exerted, and effects such as improvement of cell activating action, suppression of disease-causing bacteria, growth of useful microorganisms, and the like are revealed. It has the characteristic that the activity of the bacterial group can be maximized.
[0019]
The chip 1b having appropriate water absorption, water retention, and evaporating or scattering properties of water is moistened with water, preferably active water, to a water content of about 40 to 70%, more preferably about 40 to 50%. The base material 1 is obtained by mixing the enzyme 1a with, for example, about 300 liters of the chip 1b and about 25 to 30 kg, and about 20 to 30 kg of garbage.
[0020]
Also, as the chip 1b, it is possible to obtain a suitable water absorption, water retention, and the ability to adjust moisture such as the transpiration of moisture, preferably by using crushed wood or sawdust. By using a piece of wood obtained by grinding like sawdust as the chip 1b, it is possible to obtain suitable water absorption, water retention and evaporation or scattering of water. When used, the durability of the base material 1 and the microbial environmental property are improved, and a chip 1b having a proper sustainability of the processing ability can be obtained.
[0021]
Creation of the base material 1 such as mixing is performed in the processing tank 3 for processing the processing target object 2. After the base material 1 is charged, the temperature in the tank is preferably set to 50 to 60 ° C., and more preferably to 51 ° C. C. and humidity are maintained at 40 to 70%, preferably 40 to 50%, and continuous stirring is carried out to complete in about 7 hours, more preferably about 24 hours.
[0022]
An electric motor 5 that is electronically controlled is arranged in a machine room 4 adjacent to the processing tank 3, and projects from the electric motor 5 to the processing tank 3 through a communication hole 6 that communicates the processing tank 3 with the machine room 4. A plurality of agitating arms 8 extending in a normal direction from the rotating shaft 7 and spirally arranged at intervals in the axial direction, and a plurality of stirring arms 8 spirally extending in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 7. A band-shaped stirring blade 9 is fixed across the stirring arm 8 so as to connect the tip end of the stirring arm 8. The electric motor 5 is used as a driving source, and the stirring arm 8 is rotated about the rotation shaft 7. Is rotated to agitate the base material 1 and the processing object 2. However, the drive source here is not limited to the electric motor 5 as long as it can impart rotation to the rotating shaft 7.
[0023]
Both sides of the agitating blade 9 can be cut into a blade shape. By such cutting, the base material 1 or the processing material adhered to the tank bottom 10 having a shape curved in an arc shape in accordance with the radius of rotation. The target object 2 can be efficiently removed, and the base material 1 or the processing target object 2 can be prevented from being fooled.
[0024]
A series of mechanisms constituted by the electric motor 5, the rotating shaft 7, the stirring arm 8, and the stirring blade 9 can be provided in two or more sets, and when they are set, they are parallel to each other. Arrange them at appropriate intervals.
[0025]
When two or more sets are provided in parallel, the base material 1 and the processing object 2 move in the processing tank 3 in a wavy shape by each rotation, so that stirring is performed efficiently and the base material 1 and the processing object 2 are processed. Oxygen can be uniformly introduced into the entirety of the object 2, and it is preferable because it is unlikely to be fooled.
[0026]
The agitation of the base material 1 and the processing object 2 in the processing tank 3 does not fool and it is necessary to take in a large amount of oxygen in the air evenly. The rotation is performed alternately by the same number of rotations under the control. By giving such a rotation, high-efficiency and uniform agitation can be performed without causing the bias of the base material 1 and the processing object 2 in the processing tank 3.
[0027]
When the processing of the processing object 2 is performed, the processing object 2 is put into the processing tank 3 through an opening 12 formed by arranging an opening / closing member 11 provided on a ceiling portion of the processing tank 3, After performing operations such as temperature setting as necessary, processing is performed by automatic control.
[0028]
During the treatment, the temperature in the treatment tank 3 is preferably maintained at 30 to 60 ° C, more preferably 50 to 60 ° C, most preferably 51 ° C, and the humidity at about 40 to 70%, preferably about 40 to 50%. At this time, if the temperature is too low, the time required for the treatment is prolonged, resulting in a decrease in efficiency.If the temperature is too high, a decrease in the humidity occurs, thereby reducing the activity of viable bacteria or aerobic microorganisms, and consequently reducing the processing capacity. Invite you. However, in a state where the humidity is maintained at an appropriate value, at a temperature within an appropriate range, the processing performance is more improved at a high temperature than at a low temperature. Conversely, if the humidity in the processing tank is too high, there will be a shortage of oxygen, and the processing performance will also decrease. For these reasons, it is preferable to keep the temperature and the humidity within the above ranges.
[0029]
Heating or maintaining and controlling the temperature of the base material 1 and the processing tank 3 is performed by an electronically controlled hot water heater disposed in a hot water heating chamber 13 adjacent below the processing tank 3, and heating by a hot water heating method. By doing so, it is possible to prevent seizure of the base material 1 and the object to be processed 2 generated when directly heating with an electric heater or the like to the tank bottom 10 without reducing the activity of enzymes, viable bacteria or microorganisms. It is preferable because the temperature can be raised or lowered to an appropriate decomposition temperature. In addition, in the case of heating the base material 1 and the processing tank 3 by indirect heating through air such as an electric heater, the thermal efficiency is reduced. Is preferably performed.
[0030]
Further, under an appropriate temperature and humidity, the activities of the enzyme 1a contained in the base material 1 and the viable bacteria or aerobic microorganisms contained in the treatment object 2 in advance are activated, thereby accelerating the decomposition treatment of the treatment object. Since the heat of decomposition is generated together with the moisture, the temperature rises by about 2 to 3 ° C. in a state of moderate humidity, and the processing efficiency is improved.
[0031]
When the decomposition of the object to be processed is started, a large amount of gas mainly composed of carbon dioxide and H2O are generated in the processing tank 3 with the temperature rise due to the heat of decomposition. Most of the H2O generated at that time rises in the processing tank 3 together with another gas, that is, CO2 (hereinafter, referred to as a high-temperature and high-humidity gas 17) as water vapor, and is disposed above the processing tank 3. The above-mentioned high-temperature heating system is passed through a suction pipe 14 that connects the processing tank 3 and the machine room 4 to a ventilation pipe 16 that connects the suction port 14 and one end of a ventilation fan 15 disposed above the machine room 4. The wet gas 17 is sucked out of the processing tank 3.
[0032]
The hot and humid gas 17 sucked out of the processing tank 3 is further sent out to the heat exchanger 18 through a ventilation pipe 19 connecting the other end of the ventilation fan 15 and one end of a heat exchanger 18. When passing through the discharge path 20 of the heat exchanger 18, heat exchange is performed between the high-temperature and high-humidity gas 17 and the outside air 21 due to a temperature difference between the two, and the former is cooled and the latter is heated.
[0033]
When the temperature is lowered and cooled by the heat exchange, the high-temperature and high-humidity gas 17 is accompanied by dew condensation due to a decrease in the temperature of water vapor, whereby the water of the high-temperature and high-humidity gas 17 becomes water droplets and contains water and CO2 as main components. And a gas 22 to be used. The separated water droplets or water are discharged or taken out of the processing machine through the drain.
[0034]
On the other hand, outside air 21 is taken into the heat exchanger 18 through an inflow passage 23 provided in the heat exchanger 18, and when the temperature is increased in the heat exchanger 18, the warmed outside air 21 is blown away from the water and dried warm air ( (Hereinafter referred to as hot dry air 24), and the hot dry air 24 is supplied from the heat exchanger 18 through an air pipe 25 communicating with the processing tank 3 through an inlet 26 arranged in the middle of the processing tank 3. It is taken into the tank 3.
[0035]
By a series of gas flows into and out of the processing tank 3 described above, the upper water vapor in the processing tank 3 is promptly removed from the processing tank 3 and the dew condensation in the processing tank 3 is appropriately reduced, In addition, the temperature and humidity in the processing tank 3 are efficiently maintained within the appropriate range by taking the warm dry air 24 heated and appropriately dried by the heat exchange in the heat exchanger 18 into the processing tank 3. Was achieved.
[0036]
The gas 22 cooled and separated in the discharge path 20 of the heat exchanger 18 passes through a vent pipe 28 which communicates the other end of the heat exchanger 18 with the lower end of a water purifying / deodorizing device 27 disposed adjacent to the processing unit. It is sent out into the deodorizer 27.
[0037]
Regarding deodorization, it is also possible to separate from the processing machine as needed, and depending on the conditions of the processing object and the like, deodorization with a deodorizer or the like may not be necessary. This is due to the advanced function of the enzyme 1a, but it is preferable to use a deodorizer connected to the processing machine in order to prepare for an emergency, and more preferably, one of the features of the present invention. The water purifying and deodorizing device 27 is preferably used. This is because it is relatively inexpensive, easy to maintain and can withstand long-term use, and can be deodorized with high efficiency.
[0038]
The water purifying / deodorizing device 27 has a water tank 29 and an intake pipe 31 having a plurality of pores 30 for communicating the inside and the outside below the water tank 29 to take in gas from the outside into the water tank 29. An exhaust duct 32 fixed to the upper opening of the water tank 29 and a microbial activated water 33 filling the inside of the water tank 29, and the gas sent from the outside through the air inlet pipe 31 protrudes into the water tank 29. Are released as air bubbles into the microbial active water 33 from the pores 30 provided in the intake pipe 31 of the air, and the odor components and the like slightly remaining in the gas 22 during the process of rising the air bubbles are removed by the microbial active water. It is dissolved in 33 and decomposed by microorganisms, and almost only CO2 is discharged from the exhaust duct 32 to the outside of the water purifying / deodorizing device 27.
[0039]
【Example】
Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described based on experimental data.
A heat exchanger 18 provided with a processing tank 3 and a ventilation fan 15 adjacent to the processing tank 3 and a valve for adjusting a gas flow rate is provided with a series of stirring mechanisms including a driving electric motor 5, a rotating shaft 7 and a stirring arm 8. Are disposed in a machine room 4 provided with each one of them, a water purifier is provided at a lower portion of the processing tank 3, and a water purifying deodorizer 27 connected to an exhaust port 34 of the processing machine is constituted by one. Using a garbage disposal machine, 300 liters of sawdust as the raw material of the base material and 30 kilograms of the enzyme 1a were added to prepare an initial bacterial bed, and the water content was adjusted to a water content of 40 to 50%. About 30 minutes after stirring, 20 to 30 kilograms of garbage was additionally added, and the temperature in the treatment tank 3 was maintained in the range of 37 to 45 ° C., and stirring was further performed for about 24 hours. The following experiment was performed using this as a base material 1.
[0040]
Experimental data 1 in the case where 30 kg of vegetables were charged into the treatment tank 3 containing the base material 1 and agitated were shown in Experimental data 1 below.
[0041]
[0042]
As is evident from the experimental data 1, the higher the set temperature or the greater the temperature difference between the outside air temperature and the temperature in the processing tank 3, the greater the amount of water removed from the processing tank 3 and the heat exchanger. It can be seen that the greater the amount of gas flowing through 18, the greater the amount of water removed from the processing tank 3.
[0043]
Various organic substances and inorganic substances were put into the base material 1 and what kind of substances could be decomposed when the mixture was stirred was examined.
[0044]
[0045]
The experimental data 2 shows that the garbage disposer of the present invention has the ability to almost completely eliminate what is discharged as so-called garbage in about several hours.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes possible to remove the water vapor | steam which generate | occur | produced with the decomposition | disassembly of an object to be processed effectively from the inside of a processing tank, and thereby the humidity in the said processing tank was set within the range suitable for an enzymatic reaction and microbial activity. And efficient ventilation is performed even if the temperature rises due to the decomposition of the object to be treated by the high-temperature fermentation bacteria, thereby eliminating excessive temperature rise and temperature decrease, and thereby useful microorganisms or bacteria. It is possible to stably maintain the temperature in a temperature range suitable for the growth and activity of the garbage, and to decompose most of the processing objects contained in what is called garbage into water and carbon dioxide gas, and to remove decomposition residues. This makes it possible to provide a garbage disposer capable of minimizing the degradation of the decomposition treatment capacity due to long-term use, leaving little or no odor at all, that is, capable of withstanding long-term use.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front perspective view. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a machine room. FIG. 3 is a view showing a gas flow. FIG. 4 is a view showing a stirring mechanism. FIG. 5 is a front view.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base material 1a Enzyme 1b Chip 2 Processing object 3 Processing tank 4 Machine room 5 Electric motor 6 Communication hole 7 Rotating shaft 8 Stirring arm 9 Stirrer blade 10 Tank bottom 11 Opening member 12 Opening 13 Hot water heating chamber 14 Suction port 15 Ventilation Fan 16 Vent pipe 17 Hot and humid gas 18 Heat exchanger 19 Vent pipe 20 Outlet 21 Outside air 22 Gas 23 Inlet 24 Hot dry air 25 Vent pipe 26 Inlet 27 Water purifying deodorizer 28 Vent pipe 29 Water tank 30 Pores 31 Trachea 32 Exhaust duct 33 Microbial activated water 34 Exhaust port
