JP3657841B2 - Deodorization equipment in organic waste treatment equipment - Google Patents

Deodorization equipment in organic waste treatment equipment Download PDF

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JP3657841B2
JP3657841B2 JP2000031868A JP2000031868A JP3657841B2 JP 3657841 B2 JP3657841 B2 JP 3657841B2 JP 2000031868 A JP2000031868 A JP 2000031868A JP 2000031868 A JP2000031868 A JP 2000031868A JP 3657841 B2 JP3657841 B2 JP 3657841B2
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fermentation
tank
odor
treatment
water
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JP2001219148A (en
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立央 杉本
英之 山口
哲弥 竹村
勝博 中川
喜弘 山田
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Aichi Electric Co Ltd
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Aichi Electric Co Ltd
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Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、厨芥（生ごみ）等の有機廃棄物を微生物による醗酵分解処理を行って、迅速・容易に減量化を可能とした有機廃棄物処理装置において、前記醗酵分解処理中に発生する悪臭ガスを外部に直接排気することなく、簡易に脱臭処理する改良された脱臭装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
今日、一般家庭や飲食店から排出される厨芥（生ごみ）等を含めた有機性廃棄物の発生量は年々増加し、特に、ごみ収集日まで家庭で保管する場合、あるいは、収集場所における悪臭やハエ等害虫の発生、更には、野犬、カラス等のいたずらによる厨芥の食い散らかし等、厨芥の早期廃棄処理が大きな社会問題となっている。
【０００３】
そして、前記厨芥は他のゴミと一緒にその大部分が清掃工場等において焼却処理したり、あるいは埋め立て方式等によって処理していた。焼却方式では、生ごみをそのまま他のごみと合せて焼却処理している関係上、排煙、臭い等を考慮して装置の設置場所等に難点があり、又、埋め立て方式では、埋め立て用地の確保をはじめ臭気、病原菌の発生等に対してはどのようにして対処するか等種々の問題があった。
【０００４】
このため、今日では有機廃棄物の好気性醗酵処理、即ち、堆肥化（コンポスト化）に関する処理技術は、無公害処理であることはもとより、廃棄物の再利用技術、自然処理化を可能とした技術として見直されてきている。特に、残飯と称する生ごみについては、これを大量消費していた畜産業が、今日では大部分が配合飼料に切り替えられたことにより、前記有機廃棄物の処理を解決するための迅速で、且つ、高度に分解・醗酵・減量化を可能とした処理装置の開発が早期に望まれている。
【０００５】
そして、今日一般によく知られている厨芥の処理は、例えば、生ごみ中の有機質成分を中温，高温菌等の微生物の力を借りて醗酵分解処理することによってほぼ達成される。前記生ごみの醗酵分解処理は、醗酵処理中に生ずる醗酵熱が大きく寄与することはもとより、醗酵処理中に発生する悪臭ガスも比較的少ないということもあって、好気性の微生物を用いた醗酵分解処理の方式が、今日多く利用されている。
【０００６】
前記好気性醗酵処理を活性化させるには、微生物の活動を良好に保つ環境を必要とするために、醗酵処理する厨芥の適正な処理量及び醗酵処理に適した水分，温度の維持を必要とし、かつ、微生物の増殖・活性化をはかる上で常に新鮮な酸素（空気）を供給する必要があった。
【０００７】
この結果、前記厨芥を処理する装置においては、一般に、厨芥や水分調整剤等処理物全体の水分状態と酸素供給状態の均一化をはかるための攪拌手段と、微生物の活性化及び水分を一定値に維持するための環気（通気）手段と、厨芥の醗酵・分解を促進するための加熱手段等を具備し、常に醗酵処理槽内を厨芥の好気性醗酵処理に適した状態を保持し、厨芥の醗酵分解処理を促進できるように構成されている。
【０００８】
然るに、前記の醗酵処理においては、微生物の活性化や醗酵処理物の水分を一定値に維持する関係上、常時酸素を醗酵処理槽の下部から槽内に給送し、醗酵処理槽内を通過させて外部に直接排出する方式が一般に採用されているため、醗酵処理によって発生する悪臭ガスが、悪臭を含んだ物質とともに外部に直接排出されることになれば、臭気の飛散により、生活環境に多大な悪影響を引き起すことになる。
【０００９】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このため、醗酵処理槽には脱臭装置を併設し、悪臭による被害をなくすように努めている。そして、今日よく知られている脱臭装置としては、例えば、悪臭ガスを活性炭を利用した吸着脱臭剤に接触・吸着させて臭気を脱臭するようにしている。しかし、悪臭ガスは多種の悪臭成分（アンモニアガス，メタンガス等）を多く含んでいるため、これらのガスを直接活性炭に接触させると、悪臭成分の吸着負荷が大きくなり、活性炭を早期に劣化させたり、悪臭ガスと同時に生じる悪臭を含む水分によって活性炭が必要以上に吸湿し、脱臭効果を著しく低下させる等の問題があった。
【００１０】
前記の活性炭による脱臭処理に代えて、オゾンを脱臭装置に供給して悪臭ガスを許容濃度まで脱臭する方法も開発されている。このオゾンの供給による脱臭処理は、脱臭装置に例えば、オゾン生成装置を具備し、オゾンと悪臭ガスとを混合して脱臭する方式が主に開発されている。この場合、悪臭ガス中の悪臭成分の低減化を図るには、オゾンの供給量を悪臭成分の度合に応じて増加する必要がある。しかし、オゾンの供給量を増すことは、オゾン生成装置が大形化して装置自体が高価になるとともに、オゾン自体がそのまま装置外に流出した場合、人体に悪影響を及ぼすことになりかねないため、通常はオゾン自体を酸素に分解する触媒を特別に必要としていたので、このオゾンによる脱臭手段は、非常に高価なものとなり、この種の有機廃棄物処理装置自体のコストを必然的に高くするという問題があった。
【００１１】
本発明は、前記の種々な問題点に鑑み、厨芥の醗酵処理中に生ずる悪臭ガスや水蒸気等の悪臭を迅速・良好に脱臭する簡素な構造で、かつ、メンテナンスが容易な有機廃棄物処理装置における脱臭装置を提供することを目的とする。
【００１２】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、前記目的を達成するために、請求項１記載の有機廃棄物処理装置における脱臭装置は、固形状の有機廃棄物を好気性微生物群による分解によって醗酵処理する装置において、前記有機廃棄物を醗酵処理する廃棄物処理槽と連通する排気管の先端に、所定量の樹脂製の小径な球体同士を接着させて微細間隙を不規則に、かつ、所定数点在させた状態で有底筒状に成形加工して取付けた悪臭ガス散出用の散気筒と、この散気筒を水中に没入して悪臭ガスや悪臭成分を含む水分を水中に排出させて悪臭ガスに含まれる悪臭成分を１次処理する曝気タンク部と、この曝気タンク部の上部に前記曝気タンク部から排気される臭気を分散させてその移動速度を抑制する中空球体を多数籠体に収容して構成した臭気移動速度抑制装置を内蔵した空気層と、この空気層を介して曝気タンク部から漏出する臭気を物理的に吸着させる脱臭剤を充填して前記臭気を２次処理して脱臭する脱臭剤収容タンク部と、更に、前記曝気タンク部および脱臭剤収容タンク部とを、内部に前記空気層を介して一つの容器にて一体的に構成したことを特徴とする。
【００１３】
請求項２記載の有機廃棄物処理装置における脱臭装置は、請求項１記載の脱臭装置において、前記脱臭剤収容タンク部は、脱臭剤を充填した筐体を複数段積層するとともに、これら各筐体を容器に個別に出し入れ可能に収容して構成し、更に、前記筐体を複数段に、かつ、出し入れ可能に収容した容器は、上方端を開放し、その開放部に排気口を微細な網目を備えた通気性に富む被覆部材にて閉鎖した排気フードを被着して構成したことを特徴とする。
【００１７】
本発明は、微生物の醗酵分解処理により厨芥の大部分がアンモニア，メタンガス，炭酸ガスと水とに分解処理されることにより生ずる前記アンモニア等の悪臭ガスを、曝気タンク部の水との接触により悪臭部分の多くを溶解・除去する１次処理と、前記１次処理した臭気を更に脱臭剤収容タンク部に送出して脱臭剤にて２次処理して脱臭するように構成したので、悪臭ガスの脱臭処理を簡易な構成で迅速・確実に行うことができる。
【００１８】
又、悪臭ガスの１次処理に際しては、樹脂製の多数の小球体を圧着する等して小間隙が所定数点在するようにして形成した有底筒状の散気筒にて悪臭ガスを加圧した状態で曝気タンク部の水中に噴出するように構成したので、悪臭ガスは曝気タンク部の水中に遅々として小量ずつ噴出されるため、前記タンク部の水との接触が良好に行い得、かつ、小量づつ水中に排出される結果、水による溶解・除去が容易となり、悪臭成分を効率よく脱臭することができる。
【００１９】
更に、脱臭剤は曝気タンク部内の水中を通過することによって希薄となった臭気を吸着して脱臭することができるので、脱臭剤の汚損が軽減でき、前記悪臭ガスの１次処理を安価な水によって行うことと相まって、脱臭処理のランニングコストを著しく低減することができる。その上、脱臭剤の交換に当っては、脱臭剤を収容した筐体を脱臭剤収容タンク部から引出し方式で出し入れできるように構成したので、脱臭剤の交換は脱臭装置を停止させることなく、迅速・容易に行うことができ利便である。
【００２０】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の好ましい実施例について、添付図面を参照して説明する。図１は本発明が適用された有機廃棄物処理装置Ａの１例を概略的に示す構成図で、厨芥等の有機廃棄物（以下、厨芥という）を例えば、高温醗酵分解させて減量化処理する廃棄物処理槽１と、廃棄物処理槽１に投入した厨芥を一定時間毎に攪拌して微生物分解処理を良好に行う攪拌手段２と、厨芥を所定温度に加熱する加熱手段３と、前記廃棄物処理槽１の下部から微生物による分解処理中の厨芥や菌床内に新鮮な空気を供給して微生物群を常時活性・繁殖化させる空気給送手段４と、廃棄物処理槽１内の上部から前記処理槽１内の空気を外部に排出して本発明の脱臭装置２７により脱臭処理する空気排出手段５と、廃棄物処理槽１内の厨芥等の水分調整を行うための散水手段６と、前記各手段２〜６及び脱臭装置２７を駆動制御する制御装置７とによって構成されている。
【００２１】
つづいて、有機廃棄物処理装置Ａを構成する各手段２〜６の構成について説明すると、廃棄物処理槽（以下、処理槽という）１は下部を弧状となして縦断面形状をＵ字状に形成して、図２に示す横長な筐状の取付枠体８に、上面及び前面を外部に露呈した状態で取付けられており、処理槽１の上面側には図１に示すように厨芥の投入口９を開閉する開閉蓋１０が、下部の前面側（図１の右側）には、厨芥等の残渣を外部に排出するための排出口１１を開閉する排出蓋１２がそれぞれ取付けられている。
【００２２】
又、処理槽１の上面後背部の一側には、厨芥を駆動手段１３ａにて高速回転する破砕刃にて破砕する破砕装置１３と、破砕した厨芥を脱水処理する脱水装置１４が設置されており、前記脱水処理した厨芥は投入筒１４ａ（図１参照）を経て処理槽１に投入される。なお、前記破砕装置１３や脱水装置１４は必要に応じて設置すればよい。
【００２３】
次に攪拌手段２の構成について説明する。この攪拌手段２は、図２，３に示すように、処理槽１の中心部においてその長さ方向に回転自在に軸架した回転駆動軸１５と、この回転駆動軸１５の処理槽１の一側壁から突出する端部に止着した鎖車１６をチェーン１７を介して駆動する電動機１８と、更に、前記回転駆動軸１５に所定の間隔を有して止着した攪拌棒１９と、前記攪拌棒１９の先端部分に取付けた攪拌羽根２０とによって構成されている。
【００２４】
そして、攪拌手段２の攪拌棒１９は、例えば、図２，３で示すように、攪拌棒１９は（本例では６本）その基端が回転駆動軸１５に、その長さ方向の中心に対してその左右（回転駆動軸１５の両端側の）方向に３本づつ等間隔で、かつ、回転駆動軸１５の周方向に対しては、１２０°の角度間隔を保ち、しかも、回転駆動軸１５の長さ方向の中心から一方の端部に向かう３本の攪拌棒１９を、他方の３本の攪拌棒１９に対して１８０°捻って取付けることにより、前記６本の攪拌棒１９は、回転駆動軸１５の周方向に６０°の間隔を保って取付けられている。又、前記各攪拌棒１９の先端は図１に示すように、処理槽１の内周面に摺接しない範囲の小間隙を保って、前記処理槽１の内周面と近接する位置まで延出して取付けられる。
【００２５】
前記各攪拌棒１９の先端部分は、図４に示すように、攪拌棒１９を通す中空部２０ａを有するように平板をほぼ六角形（攪拌棒１９を貫通する方向からみて）に曲成して形成した攪拌羽根２０が、前記攪拌棒１９にこれを挿通した状態で止着されている。そして、前記攪拌羽根２０の取付けに際しては、攪拌棒１９の先端を中空部２０ａから一定の長さ（本例では、例えば攪拌棒１９の１／５の長さ）寸法突出させ、この状態で、攪拌羽根２０の平坦部２０ｂから攪拌棒１９に螺合した取付ボルト２０ｃを締着することにより、攪拌羽根２０の取付けを行うものである。
【００２６】
更に、前記攪拌羽根２０は、図４，５に示すように、攪拌棒１９に取付ける場合は、その取付角度を回転駆動軸１５の軸線に対して所定の角度（例えば、３０〜６０°の範囲）傾斜させて取付けられており、しかも、各攪拌羽根２０は、回転駆動軸１５の長さ方向の中心（図５のＹ点）を基点としてその両端側において、互いに相対する方向（対称位置）に同一角度傾斜させることにより取付けられている。攪拌羽根２０を前記のように取付けるのは、厨芥を攪拌する場合、処理槽１の長さ方向に厨芥を移動させるために傾斜させてある。
【００２７】
次に加熱手段３について説明する。この加熱手段３は図１に示すように、処理槽１下部の半円状（Ｕ字状）に曲成した底面から、処理槽１の中位置（高さ寸法の中間部分の位置）のところまで延出して貼設した、図示しない電熱ヒータを内蔵した耐熱ゴム等の弾力性に優れた部材によって構成されており、常に処理槽１内を所定温度にコントロール（制御）して厨芥の醗酵処理を効果的に行わせる。又、３ａは処理槽１の温度が所定温度（例えば、約４０℃）に達したらヒータへの通電を断つ温度調節器で、制御装置７に接続されている。
【００２８】
空気給送手段４は、図１，２で示すように、処理槽１内の底面近くに空気を例えば、一定の圧力で給送し、厨芥と混在する菌床内の微生物群に対する酸素供給と余剰水分を気化させるようにした手段で、本例においては、図２に示すように、電動式の空気給送用のブロワ（送風機）２１と、このブロワ２１の図示しない排出口と基端を連接して空気を処理槽１内に給送する給送管２２，２３とによって構成されている。
【００２９】
そして、前記給送管２２，２３の各先端は、それぞれ処理槽１両側の側壁下部に溶接等によって取付けられており、各給送管２２，２３の先端が取付けられる処理槽１側壁の取付部位には、図１，３に示すように、空気を処理槽１内に給送するための給送口２４を形成する通孔２４ａが所定個数穿孔されている。この通孔２４ａに給送される空気の圧力は、処理槽１内に給送することにより、厨芥等が攪拌中に通孔２４ａから給送管２２，２３内に漏出しない程度の圧力が得られるように設定されており、常時新鮮な空気を処理槽１内に給送し、微生物群の活性・繁殖化を促進し、厨芥の醗酵処理を円滑・良好に行うことができる。なお、図１中の２３ａは、処理槽１に給送する空気の給送量を可変する開閉バルブである。
【００３０】
次に空気排出手段５について説明する。この空気排出手段５は、図１，２に示すように、処理槽１の後面側（図１の左方向）上部（厨芥の上方）に穿孔した排気口２５と、この排気口２５から処理槽１内の醗酵処理にて発生する悪臭ガスや悪臭を含む水蒸気等を強制的に吸引排出させる空気排出用のブロワ（送風機）２６と、前記排気口２５と空気排出用のブロワ２６との間及び、前記排出された悪臭ガス等を脱臭処理して悪臭を排除する後述する脱臭装置２７とブロワ２６との間に配管した排気管２８，２９とによって構成されている。
【００３１】
前記空気排出手段５は、厨芥の醗酵処理中に発生する悪臭ガスを、処理槽１内に給送されて微生物群の活性・繁殖化を促進する空気とともに、前記脱臭装置２７に送出し、悪臭ガスを脱臭して大気中に放出させるためのもので、常時処理槽１内の水分やアンモニア等悪臭ガスを吸引することにより、厨芥の投入時開閉蓋１０を開閉したとき悪臭が投入口９から大気中に直接放散するのを良好に防ぐ。特に、厨芥の醗酵分解処理が終了近くになると、処理槽１内には相当量の悪臭ガスが発生するため、この場合は、給送管２２，２３の配管途中に設けた流量調節用の開閉バルブ２３ａを絞り込む等して、処理槽１内を負圧、例えば、１気圧以下に保持し、悪臭ガスが処理槽１から漏出するのを回避するため、前記空気排出手段５により強制的に排出することにより、悪臭ガスが投入口９や排出口１１から外部に自然漏出するのを抑制する。
【００３２】
散水手段６は、処理槽１内の温度や、厨芥等の含水率を調整するために設置されており、図１に示すように、処理槽１の後壁上部に例えば、首振可能に取付けた散水ノズル３０と、この散水ノズル３０と給水源（温水器等であり図示せず）との間を接続する給水管３１と、この給水管３１に取付けた開閉バルブ３２とによって構成されており、前記散水ノズル３０は、定期的に散水を行うことにより、厨芥等の含水率が低下したり、処理槽１内が乾燥状態になるのを良好に防ぐ。
【００３３】
次に、前記処理槽１にて厨芥等の醗酵分解処理中に発生する悪臭ガスを脱臭処理する、本発明の脱臭装置２７の構成を図６ないし図８によって説明する。
【００３４】
図６において、本発明の脱臭装置２７は、悪臭ガスを１次処理する曝気タンク部４１と、この曝気タンク部４１の上側に位置して１次処理した臭気を更に２次処理して脱臭する脱臭剤収容タンク部５１とを具備した一つの容器４０を用いて構成されている。
【００３５】
最初に、前記容器４０における曝気タンク部４１の構成について説明する。図７において、曝気タンク部４１は、その底部付近にブロワ２６と連接する排気管２９の先端に連結した有底筒状の散気筒４２を収容し、上部には給水源４３に連結した給水管４４が給水バルブ４５を介して配管接続し、又、曝気タンク部４１の上面に止着されて検出部を曝気タンク部４１の底部付近まで垂下させた水位計４６を備え、更に、前記散気筒４２とほぼ同一水平線上の位置において排水管４７が、排気管２９と反対側の位置で曝気タンク部４１に配管途中に排水バルブ４８を介して接続することにより構成されている。
【００３６】
そして、前記給送管４４，排水管４７に取付けた給水バルブ４５，排水バルブ４８は、指令信号にて定期的に開閉して曝気タンク部４１内の水を給・排水できるように制御装置７と電気的に接続され、又、水位計４６は曝気タンク部４１内の最低・最高水位の検出信号を制御装置７に送出して、給・排水バルブ４５，４８に開閉指令を送出できるように制御装置７に接続されている。そして、例えば、曝気タンク部４１内の水を排水する時間に達すると、制御装置７からの指令信号にて排水バルブ４８を開いて曝気タンク部４１の水を定量排水した後排水バルブ４８を閉じる。この後、制御装置７からの指令信号にて給水バルブ４５を開き、給水源４３から給水管４４を介して曝気タンク部４１に給水し、水位計４６にて定量給水されたことが検出された時点で前記給水バルブ４５を閉じることにより、曝気タンク部４１の給・排水を完了するものである。
【００３７】
又、曝気タンク部４１の底部付近に配置した散気筒４２は、例えば、樹脂製の小径な球体４２ａを有底筒状の２重管壁状に形成した金型の内・外壁間の空間に必要量充填し、この状態で、前記球体４２ａを所定圧力で加圧するとともに、前記金型を所定温度に加熱し、金型内に充填した前記各球体４２ａ同士を部分的に溶着して、小径な球体４２ａを必要数一体的に固着して有底筒状の散気筒４２を成形加工することにより形成される。
【００３８】
前記散気筒４２は、小径な球体４２ａを用いて前記のように成形加工すると球体４２ａ部分は加熱により球形が崩れ、それぞれの球体４２ａ同士が互いに接着することになる。この場合、球体４２ａの原形が崩れるほど金型を加熱すれば球体４２ａは溶けて原形をとどめることはできないが、原形をとどめる程度に加熱すれば、球体４２ａ同士は接着するものの、部分的な接着となるため、接着されない個所には図８に示すように、空気や水分が流通する微細な間隙ａが生じることになる。
【００３９】
前記微細間隙ａは規則的にできることはほとんどなく、有底筒状に成形加工した散気筒４２全体に不規則に点在して所定数形成されることになる。又、形成される微細間隙ａの大きさもまちまちであることは言うまでもない。しかも、前記のようにして形成された散気筒４２には、空気が流通する微細間隙ａを適当数備えているので、曝気タンク部４１の水中にも容易に没入することができる。
【００４０】
更に、空気が流通する微細間隙ａは、不規則的に、かつ、それぞれ大きさを異にして適当数形成されているので、この散気筒４２に例えば、空気を送出した場合、空気は微細間隙ａの存在個所及び大きさ自体が不規則なため、そのまま流出せず散気筒４２の中で一旦滞留した状態で、少しづつ微細間隙ａを通って水中に排出されることになる。即ち、給送された気体あるいは流体をそのまま一気に排出せず、徐々に排出することができるように構成されている。
【００４１】
つづいて、曝気タンク部４１の上部に図７で示す如く、空気層４９を介して一体的に併設された悪臭ガス（臭気）の２次処理を行う脱臭剤収容タンク部５１の構成について説明する。このタンク部５１は、容器４０の上部に、例えば、図７に示すように、底面に網目の細かい金網５５を張設した３個の筐体５２，５３，５４を上方に段状に積層して収容するとともに、これら各筐体５２〜５４を引出しのように、個別にタンク部５１から出し入れできるように収容・載置することによって構成されている。
【００４２】
そして、前記各筐体５２〜５４は、それぞれ各筐枠部分に臭気を２次処理して脱臭する活性炭等の脱臭剤５６を充填して前記脱臭剤収容タンク部５１に挿入し、前記タンク部５１の側壁に設けた各段部の係載部ｂに引出し可能に係載することにより、図７に示すように、複数段に係載された状態で収容保持される。各筐体５２〜５４には、それぞれ筐体５２〜５４の引出方向となる前壁面（排水管４７と同一方向）に把手５７が取付けられている。
【００４３】
なお、脱臭剤５６が劣化したり、湿って性能低下により交換する場合は、前記把手５７を持って筐体５２〜５４をタンク部５１から引出し、筐体５２〜５４内の脱臭剤５６を取出して新しいものと交換し、この後、筐体５２〜５４自体は引出しをしまうようにタンク部５１の所定の係載部ｂに係載し、そのままタンク部５１内に押し込むように押動して収容する。
【００４４】
次に、曝気タンク部４１と脱臭剤収容タンク部５１との間に介在する空気層４９について説明する。この空気層４９は曝気タンク部４１にて１次処理された悪臭ガスの臭気が、直接脱臭剤収容タンク部５１に流入するのを抑制するために形成したもので、その構成は図７に示すように、曝気タンク部４１上部の空間部に、例えば、筐体５２の下面を覆うような広さで、流体を流通させる流通孔を多数穿設した孔あけメタル（パンチングメタル）を、例えば、Ｕ字状に曲成した籠体５８を、その上部の開口端側を収容剤タンク部５１の底部に吊設する等して取付けられている。
【００４５】
そして、前記籠体５８の内部には気体の流通を妨げる、例えば、中空状の樹脂製の中空球体（直後１０ｍｍ程）５９ａが段状に重なって収容されており、この中空球体５９ａの存在により、曝気タンク部４１と脱臭剤収容タンク部５１とを区画し、前記したように、１次処理した悪臭ガスの臭気を時間をかけて脱臭剤収容タンク部５１に送出するようにしている。なお、中空球体５９ａを収容する籠体５８は、これに代えて袋体に中空球体５９ａを収容し、これを平坦状にして前記空気層４９に横架するようにしてもよい。
【００４６】
図６，７において、６０は脱臭剤収容タンク部５１の最上部開口端に被着した排気フードで、その開口部には害虫等の侵入を防ぐ金網等の侵入防止膜６１が張設されている。
【００４７】
次に、厨芥を醗酵処理して減量化する場合について説明する。最初に、厨芥の醗酵処理に際しては、あらかじめ処理槽１と菌床の下準備を行う。即ち、処理槽１については、図示しない操作スイッチを投入し、加熱手段３の図示しないヒータに通電を行い、処理槽１を好気性醗酵菌（微生物群）の活性化に最適な醗酵温度、例えば、４０℃の温度に加熱する。この後、処理槽１の開閉蓋１０を開き、菌床を形成する種菌（微生物群），米ぬか等の栄養剤，おが屑等の水分調整材，ｐＨ調整剤を、それぞれ適量混合させて、投入口９から処理槽１に投入し、一定時間（１２〜２４時間）放置し、菌床を形成する。
【００４８】
前記菌床を事前に形成する場合、種菌として本発明は、好気性の低温菌（最適活動温度約１０〜２０℃、例えば、細菌類〔シュードモナス属〕），中温菌（最適活動温度約２０〜４０℃、例えば、放線菌類〔スプレプトマイセス属〕），高温菌（最適活動温度約５０〜６０℃、例えば、枯草菌類〔バシルス属〕）と、嫌気性菌（例えば、乳酸菌類〔バクトバシルス属〕）の４種属の菌を適宜ブレンドして種菌を設け、この種菌を前記おが屑等他の菌床を形成する部材と混合して菌床を形成するもので、菌床の各菌類（微生物群）は前記の事前準備終了後１２〜２４時間放置しておくと、良好に繁殖し厨芥の醗酵処理に備える。
【００４９】
前記のようにして、厨芥の醗酵処理を行う前の事前作業が終了したら、生ごみ等有機廃棄物の厨芥を破砕装置１３に投入してこれを微細に破砕する。前記破砕した破砕物は、そのまま脱水装置１４に給送し脱水処理を行った後、投入筒１４ａを通って処理槽１に投入される。なお、脱水された汚水はそのまま排水管Ｐ1 から濾過装置３３に流入し、濾過された後、貯水槽３４に貯水される。貯水槽３４が満杯となれば、溢流した水はそのまま下水に放流する。なお、破砕装置１３を使用することなく、そのまま厨芥を処理槽１の投入口９の開閉蓋１０を開放して投入するようにしてもよい。
【００５０】
なお、投入口９を開き厨芥を処理槽１内に投入する場合、処理槽１内の空気を排気するブロワ２６が制御装置７からの指令により駆動し、厨芥の投入時投入口９から臭気が外部に漏出するのを抑制する。厨芥の投入後投入口９を開閉蓋１０により閉鎖するとブロワ２６は一旦停止する。
【００５１】
前記厨芥の投入が終了したら、図示しない運転スイッチを投入する。運転スイッチの投入により、攪拌羽根２０を取付けた攪拌棒１９を回動する電動機１８，空気を処理槽１内に給送するブロワ２１，処理槽１内の空気を脱臭装置２７に排出する空気排出用のブロワ２６，処理槽１を加熱する加熱手段３をそれぞれ制御装置７からの指令にて駆動する。この場合、加熱手段３は菌床を生成している関係上、処理槽１内を菌の繁殖に適した温度に維持しているが、前記厨芥を処理槽１内に投入することにより、菌床の温度は一旦低下する。この結果、運転スイッチの投入により加熱手段３はＯＮ動作して処理槽１の温度を設定温度まで上昇させる。
【００５２】
そして、前記電動機１８の起動により回転駆動軸１５を駆動し、この駆動軸１５に基端が止着されて攪拌羽根２０を先端部分に取付けた攪拌棒１９を回転し、図１，３に示す処理槽１内に投入した菌床と厨芥からなる醗酵基材Ｘを攪拌・混合する。前記攪拌棒１９の回転数は、本例では１〜２回転／分に設定されており、醗酵基材Ｘを攪拌羽根２０により攪拌し、前記菌床と厨芥とを効率よく混合させる。この場合、攪拌羽根２０は、攪拌棒１９の先端から少し後退した位置に取付けられているので、醗酵基材Ｘを処理槽１の壁面に押し付けたりすることがないので、円滑に攪拌・混合することができる。
【００５３】
前記醗酵基材Ｘは、その攪拌処理工程において、処理槽１の左右方向（図３に示す処理槽１の長手方向）に往復移動しながら攪拌・混合される。即ち、攪拌棒１９は、回転駆動軸１５に図４で示すように、長さ方向には等間隔で、周方向には、図５に示す回転駆動軸１５の長さ方向の中心線Ｙを基点として、左右方向に対称に配設した各３本が、それぞれ１２０°づつずれて回転駆動軸１５の正転時は外側の攪拌棒１９から、逆転時には内側の攪拌棒１９より順番に醗酵基材Ｘを、攪拌羽根２０にて攪拌するように取付けられている。又、攪拌羽根２０は図４に示すように、攪拌棒１９の先端から少し基端部寄りの位置（攪拌棒１９の長さ寸法の約１／５程下がった位置）に取付けられているとともに、その取付角度は、図５に示すように、回転駆動軸１５の軸線に対して所定の角度（約３０〜６０°の範囲）で傾斜し、かつ、前記回転駆動軸１５の軸線と直交する長さ方向の中心線Ｙを基点として、回転駆動軸１５の長さ方向に向ってそれぞれ攪拌羽根２０が、同一個数で互いに相対する方向に対称的に（回転駆動軸１５の正転時は醗酵基材Ｘが処理槽１の中心位置に、逆転時に醗酵基材Ｘが処理槽１の端部側に移動するように）傾斜して攪拌棒１９に取付けられている。
【００５４】
即ち、前記攪拌羽根２０は、回転駆動軸１５にその周方向に沿って各攪拌棒１９が６０°づつずらして取付けられている関係上、図５で示すような同一線上の位置に全部配置した状態で確認することはできない。しかし、各攪拌羽根２０の取付状況を説明するために、各攪拌羽根２０を取付けた攪拌棒１９を回転駆動軸１５の軸線上において、図５で示すように、すべて同一方向に突出させたと仮定した状態で説明すると、図５に示す各攪拌羽根２０は、回転駆動軸１５にその軸線と直交する中心線Ｙの両側において、回転駆動軸１５の軸線に対してそれぞれ同一角度で対称位置に傾斜させて取付けられている。
【００５５】
前記電動機１８の起動により回転駆動軸１５が、例えば、図５において正転方向（右方向）に回転した場合、攪拌棒１９に止着した各攪拌羽根２０は、回転駆動軸１５の中心線Ｙの方向に所定の角度傾斜させてあるので、処理槽１内の醗酵基材Ｘは、処理槽１の長手方向において中心方向に移動しながら攪拌・混合される。これは、攪拌羽根２０が前記の如く、回転駆動軸１５の中心線Ｙ側に向けて傾斜させてあるため、回転駆動軸１５の正回転により醗酵基材Ｘを斜めに掬うような状態で醗酵基材Ｘ中に進入するためである。
【００５６】
又、前記回転駆動軸１５を図４において逆転方向（左方向）に回転させると、今度は攪拌羽根２０が回転駆動軸１５の中心線Ｙに対して遠ざかる方向に傾斜させてあるため、醗酵基材Ｘは前記とは逆に処理槽１の長手方向において側壁側に移動しながら攪拌・混合されることになる。
【００５７】
このように、醗酵基材Ｘは攪拌棒１９が回転駆動軸１５によって正，逆回転すると、攪拌羽根２０により攪拌・混合されながら処理槽１の長手方向に沿って往復移動するため、菌床と厨芥とからなる醗酵基材Ｘを迅速・良好に攪拌・混合することが可能となる。なお、醗酵基材Ｘの攪拌・混合作業は、本例では２時間毎に約１０分間（電動機１８の正・逆回転を５分間づつ）行い、前記醗酵基材Ｘの攪拌・混合作業が開始されると同時に、空気給送手段４のブロワ２１と空気排出手段５のブロワ２６も同時に起動される。なお、空気給送手段４と空気排出手段５は、醗酵基材Ｘの攪拌・混合作業が終了しても運転は継続している。
【００５８】
空気給送手段４が作動すると、ブロワ２１により所定圧力に加圧された空気が給送管２２，２３（流量調整バルブ２３ａは全開）を通って処理槽１下部の両側壁から醗酵基材Ｘ内に給送される。前記処理槽１内に給送される空気は、ブロワ２１による加圧と取付枠体８内の加熱手段３により温められた雰囲気温度により、外気に比べ加温された状態で処理槽１両側の側壁に穿孔した通孔２４ａを通過して処理槽１内に給送される。
【００５９】
処理槽１内に給送された空気は、醗酵基材Ｘの深部まで浸透し前記醗酵基材Ｘに酸素を拡散・供給することになる。醗酵基材Ｘの一方を構成する菌床には、低温菌，中温菌，高温菌，嫌気性菌を適宜ブレンドした微生物群が生殖しており、前記酸素の供給により活性化し、厨芥を醗酵・分解処理して水分と他の成分（炭酸ガスＣＯ2 等）に分解する。
【００６０】
前記厨芥の初期の処理段階では、醗酵基材Ｘの温度が低・中温菌の活動・繁殖する温度であるため、この段階では高温菌の一部は休眠状態にあり、又、嫌気性菌においても、醗酵基材Ｘは初期の段階は非常に通気性に富んでいるため、一部は高温菌と同様に休眠している。そして、前記微生物群の酸素供給による活性化に伴い厨芥の醗酵・分解処理が進むにつれて熱が発生し、醗酵基材Ｘの温度を徐々に高めて高温菌が繁殖する温度（７０℃前後）まで上昇させる。
【００６１】
醗酵基材Ｘの温度が上昇して高温菌の活性・繁殖化領域に達すると、これまで休眠していた高温菌は良好に増殖し厨芥の高温醗酵・分解処理を効率的に進める。このように、微生物群の活性化・繁殖化が促進されるに従い、醗酵基材Ｘの中で高温領域においては、高温菌が厨芥の分解処理を行い、又、中温，低温領域でもそれぞれその温度領域に適した微生物群が活動して厨芥の醗酵・分解処理に貢献するものである。この場合、各温度領域において繁殖に適さない温度領域に存在する微生物群、例えば、高温領域に存在する中，低温菌は、一部は死滅するが、大部分は休眠状態となる。
【００６２】
前記のようにして醗酵基材Ｘに含まれている厨芥は、各温度領域にて活性化し繁殖する微生物群によって、良好に水分と他の成分に分解され、水分については醗酵基材Ｘから発する熱により蒸発し、処理槽１内上部の排気口２５から、空気排出手段５のブロワ２６により排出管２８，２９を介して脱臭装置２７に、厨芥の醗酵処理時に生じる炭酸ガス、アンモニア，硫黄化合物等を含んだ空気（以下、悪臭ガスという）と一緒に排出される。
【００６３】
前記処理槽１から排出管２８，２９を介して脱臭装置２７に排出された悪臭ガスは、一旦散気筒４２に収集され滞留する。これは散気筒４２自体が、小径な球体４２ａ同士を適宜溶着して大きさの異なる微細間隙ａを不規則状態に生成して有底筒状に形成されているためであり、前記散気筒４２に流入した悪臭ガスはそのまま流出することができず、散気筒４２内で一旦滞留した状態で、徐々に微細間隙ａを通って曝気タンク部４１内の水中に染み出るような状態で流出される。
【００６４】
この結果、悪臭ガスは散気筒４２内である程度加圧された状態で収集され、散気筒４２に不規則状態に形成されている微細間隙ａから滲み出るようにして流出（排出）するので、曝気タンク部４１内で水との接触が良好に行われ、悪臭成分（アンモニアガス等）の多くを溶解・除去する。このようにして悪臭ガスの１次処理（脱臭作用）を曝気タンク部４１にて行う。この際、悪臭ガスとともに散気筒４２に排出される悪臭を含む水分についても、悪臭ガスと同様に微細間隙ａから、曝気タンク部４１に染み出るようにして流出する。
【００６５】
前記の脱臭処理を本発明においては１次処理という。この場合の１次処理は、悪臭ガス中の悪臭成分を安価な水により溶解・除去する方式が採用されているので、処理作業は安価に、かつ、容易に行い得、脱臭装置２７のランニングコストを大幅に低減することができる。
【００６６】
前記脱臭の１次処理を終えた悪臭ガスは、大部分の悪臭成分が水に溶解・除去されて曝気タンク部４１の水中からその上方の空気層４９に排気される。空気層４９に排気された臭気を含んだ空気（以下臭気という）は、その空気層４９内に侵入し、空気層４９内に横架した籠体５８内に収容・敷設した多数の中空球体５９ａからなる臭気移動速度抑制装置５９間を通って脱臭剤収容タンク部５１に排気される。この際、前記臭気移動速度抑制装置５９は籠体５８内において、曝気タンク部４１と脱臭剤収容タンク部５１とを区画するように配設されている。
【００６７】
即ち、曝気タンク部４１から排気された１次処理された臭気は、前記空気層４９に横架した臭気移動速度抑制装置５９の存在により直進することができず、臭気移動速度抑制装置５９を構成する中空球体５９ａと中空球体５９ａとの間の空間を縫ってジグザグ状に侵入する結果、前記臭気は移動速度が抑制され、かつ、放射状に分散された状態で空気層４９を通過することになるため、脱臭剤収容タンク部５１への移動を良好に抑制することができる。
【００６８】
前記空気層４９を通過した臭気は、放射状に分散された状態で上昇し、臭気を２次処理して脱臭する脱臭剤収容タンク部５１に流入される。前記脱臭剤収容タンク部５１は、活性炭等からなる脱臭剤５６を収容した筐体５２〜５４が、本例では３段積みされて引き出しのようにタンク部５１から出し入れできるように構成されている。
【００６９】
そして、前記脱臭剤収容タンク部５１に流入した臭気は、複数段に積層された筐体５２〜５４内の脱臭剤５６の間を順次通過することにより、脱臭処理されて排気フード６０から外部に排出される。即ち、脱臭剤収容タンク部５１に導入される１次処理を施した臭気は、複数段に積層した脱臭剤収容タンク部５１内を脱臭剤５６との接触時間を長くかけて通過することができるので、脱臭剤５６による２次処理（脱臭処理）を良好に行うことができる。
【００７０】
これは、悪臭ガスの１，２次処理を時間をかけて行うことにより可能となるもので、本発明においては、散気筒４２を用いることによって悪臭ガスの曝気タンク部４１内の水中への排出を抑制することにより、悪臭ガス中の大部分の悪臭成分が水中にて容易に溶解・除去（悪臭成分の１次処理）でき、この後、曝気タンク部４１から悪臭成分の大部分を脱臭して排気される臭気は、曝気タンク部４１上方の空気層４９に横架した臭気移動速度抑制装置５９を通過する間に分・拡散されて脱臭剤収容タンク部５１に導入される。タンク部５１に流入した臭気は、脱臭剤５６を充填した複数段の筐体５２〜５４内を順次通過することにより、脱臭剤５６に吸着されて臭気脱臭の２次処理が時間をかけて良好に行うことができる。
【００７１】
この２次処理においても、曝気タンク部４１からの排気は、空気層４９に設けた臭気移動速度抑制装置５９の存在によって、分散され、かつ、排出スピードを緩めて脱臭剤収容タンク部５１に導入されるため、脱臭の１次処理によって悪臭成分が低減した臭気を、更に、良好に２次処理して悪臭を除去した空気を排気フード６０の排気口６２（図６参照）から外部に放出するものである。この結果、厨芥の醗酵処理中に生ずる悪臭ガスは外部に直接排出されることは全くなく、しかも、悪臭ガスを脱臭する部材は、安価な水を１次処理として使用しているので、ランニングコストが低減でき、しかも、脱臭剤５６は臭気の２次処理を行うだけであるため、吸着負担が軽減でき、使用期間を容易に長くすることができる。
【００７２】
曝気タンク部４１の水は、１定時間（例えば２時間）毎に制御装置７からの指令信号によって排水、給水の各バルブ４５，４８を開閉し、その約２／３を交換する。給水，排水量は水位計４６により常時監視し、タンク部４１には常時定量の水を貯留するようにしている。
【００７３】
又、脱臭剤５６の交換に際しては、脱臭剤収容タンク部５１から筐体５２〜５４を引き出しのように把手５７を利用して引き出し、新しい脱臭剤５６を詰めたら、再度脱臭剤収容タンク部５１内に筐体５２〜５４を利用して収容することにより、容易に脱臭剤５６の交換作用を行うことができる。
【００７４】
前記のように、醗酵基材Ｘに含まれる厨芥の醗酵処理が進み、一定時間（例えば、醗酵基材Ｘの前回の攪拌時間から２時間）が経過すると、制御装置７からの指令により電動機１８を起動し、攪拌棒１９を回転し、醗酵基材Ｘを攪拌・混合する。この場合、電動機１８の起動時間は本例では、正，逆回転各５分間ずつ行われる。回転方向の切換え及び起動時間は制御装置７にて事前に設定されている。
【００７５】
攪拌棒１９の回転により攪拌羽根２０が醗酵基材Ｘの攪拌・混合を開始すると、前記醗酵基材Ｘは電動機１８の正転，逆転作用によって処理槽１の長手方向に沿って往復移動する。これは、既に前述したように、攪拌棒１９に止着した攪拌羽根２０が、それぞれ回転駆動軸１５の軸線に対して所定の角度傾斜させて攪拌棒１９に止着されているため、醗酵基材Ｘの攪拌・混合時は、醗酵基材Ｘを容易に処理槽１内において往復移動させることができる。
【００７６】
醗酵基材Ｘが処理槽１内で移動を開始すると、ブロワ２１から処理槽１内に常時給送されている空気によって、前記醗酵基材Ｘの温度が一旦降下する。これは、今まで微生物群の醗酵分解処理により、特に高温菌，中温菌（攪拌・混合を行う前の状態）の活性化・繁殖化により醗酵基材Ｘの中心部分が他の部位に比べ高温状態にあったが、醗酵基材Ｘ中の温度変化を観測すると、２時間毎に醗酵基材Ｘの温度が一旦降下し、醗酵基材Ｘの攪拌・混合を停止（電動機１８を停止）して次に電動機１８が起動するまでの間（約２時間）は、醗酵基材Ｘの温度が徐々に上昇している。
【００７７】
これは、前記のように、攪拌棒１９を回転させて攪拌羽根２０により醗酵基材Ｘを、高温領域と低温領域とを攪拌・混合しながら移動させることができ、しかも、空気給送手段４のブロワ２１から処理槽１内に給送される空気が、前記処理槽１内を移動する醗酵基材Ｘとまんべんなく接触することができ、これにより、醗酵基材Ｘの温度を低下させるものである。この場合、空気排出手段５のブロワ２６は常時起動しており、ブロワ２１からの空気を醗酵基材Ｘに浸透させ、この醗酵基材Ｘ内を浸透して処理槽１内の上部に噴出される醗酵基材Ｘの熱気を良好に吸引して、脱臭装置２７に排出し、脱臭処理する。
【００７８】
このように、前記醗酵基材Ｘは空気給送手段４と空気排出手段５とによって良好に温度上昇が抑制できるとともに、攪拌羽根２０の攪拌・混合作用により、醗酵基材Ｘを移動させることにより、醗酵基材Ｘ自体の水分蒸発が良好に行い得、この結果、醗酵基材Ｘは水分によって固まることなく、少し水分を含んだ状態となっているため、ブロワ２１からの空気は容易に醗酵基材Ｘの内部に浸透し、醗酵基材Ｘ各部位の温度をほぼ均等化させる。これは、すべて醗酵基材Ｘを攪拌羽根２０によって移動させることができるからであり、これによって、醗酵基材Ｘの好気性醗酵を良好に行うことができる。
【００７９】
厨芥の醗酵分解処理は、前記醗酵基材Ｘがその攪拌・混合時に処理槽１内を往復移動し、かつ、ブロワ２１から常時空気の給送を受けることと相まって、図５に示すように、攪拌羽根２０の回転時においては、前記醗酵基材Ｘに空気がまんべんなく接触することにより、その醗酵温度が一時的に降下するものの、醗酵基材Ｘには空気の浸透が良好となり、これまで休眠していた低・中温菌は休眠を解いて迅速に繁殖・活性化し、醗酵基材Ｘ中の厨芥を効率よく醗酵分解処理して水分と他の成分とに分解する。
【００８０】
そして、攪拌羽根２０を５分間づつの正・逆回転させた後、電動機１８を停止すると、醗酵基材Ｘの攪拌・混合作業が終了し、その時点から醗酵基材Ｘは静止状態で醗酵処理を継続し、所定の醗酵時間が経過する毎に醗酵温度が上昇し、厨芥を高温醗酵させて効率よく分解処理する。又、処理槽１内の温度は常時温度調節器３ａにより計測し、所定温度（例えば、約４０℃）に達したら、加熱手段３への通電を停止する。なお、前記醗酵基材Ｘの高温醗酵時（例えば、醗酵基材Ｘの温度を熱電対３５で計測し、計測温度が例えば、４０℃を超えたら）、本例では、加熱手段３への通電は制御装置７からの指令にて中止される。
【００８１】
前記醗酵基材Ｘを高温醗酵処理する場合、醗酵基材Ｘの中に含まれている厨芥は高温菌の微生物群により効率よく分解処理されて水と他の成分とに分解され、水分は醗酵熱により蒸発し、醗酵処理時に発生する炭酸ガスやアンモニア等とともに、空気排出手段５によって脱臭装置２７に強制的に排出され脱臭処理される。
【００８２】
前記醗酵基材Ｘの含水率が設定値以下に低下した場合、制御装置７からの指令により散水手段６を駆動し、処理槽１内に配設した散水ノズル３０から一定量の水を醗酵基材Ｘに給水する。前記給水の時期及び給水量は、図示しない含水率センサにより含水率を検出して給水を開始するか、事前に厨芥の処理時間をテスト等により把握しておいて、一定時間毎に給水すればよく、又、給水量においては、含水率毎の給水量を事前のテストにより割り出して最適量の給水を行うか、あるいは、事前にテストした厨芥の処理量に対応する給水量を把握しておき、醗酵基材Ｘの醗酵処理中一定時間毎に散水を行うことにより、醗酵基材Ｘを所定の含水率に維持させる。
【００８３】
前記により、醗酵処理を終えた醗酵基材Ｘを排出する場合は、処理槽１の排出口１１を被う排出蓋１２を開き、排出口１１を開口する。この後、有機廃棄物処理装置Ａの図示しない運転スイッチを投入して電動機１８を起動させる。この場合は、電動機１８は正転方向にのみ回転させるようにする。前記電動機１８が正転方向に回転すると、攪拌手段２の攪拌棒１９は図５に示す右方向に回転する。攪拌棒１９の右回転により、この攪拌棒１９に止着した攪拌羽根２０は、回転駆動軸１５の軸線に対して所定の角度で互いに相対する方向に傾斜するように取付けられているため、処理槽１内の醗酵基材Ｘは、処理槽１の長さ方向の中心位置に移動させられ、前記排出口１１から処理槽１外に手を汚すことなく自動排出することができる。従って、醗酵基材Ｘを収納する袋を排出口１１の下側にセットしておけば、醗酵基材Ｘを容易に収納することができる。袋に収納した醗酵基材Ｘはそのまま約１ケ月程寝かせておけば、良好に醗酵し肥料として使用することができる。
【００８４】
なお、本発明の脱臭装置２７は、曝気タンク部４１の水を排水管４７より排出する方式について説明したが、前記排水管４７を処理槽１の給水管３１に接続し、曝気タンク部４１から排水する水を処理槽１内に散水ノズル３０を介して散水し、処理槽１内が乾燥状態になるのを防ぐために使用するようにしても本発明は成立するものである。
【００８５】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、以上説明したように構成されているので、次に示すような効果を有する。
（１）本発明は、微生物の醗酵処理により厨芥の大部分がアンモニア，メタンガス，炭酸ガスと水とに分解処理されることにより生ずる前記アンモニア等の悪臭ガスを、曝気タンク部内の水と接触させて悪臭部分の大部分を溶解・除去する１次処理と、前記１次処理した臭気を更に脱臭剤収容タンク部に送出して脱臭剤にて２次処理することにより、前記１次処理後の臭気を脱臭処理するように構成したので、厨芥の醗酵処理によって発生する悪臭ガスの脱臭処理を簡易な構成で迅速・確実に行うことができる。
【００８６】
又、本発明は、悪臭ガスの１次処理に際しては、樹脂製の多数の小径な球体を加熱接着する等して微細間隙を所要数点在させて形成した有底筒状の散気筒により、悪臭ガスを加圧した状態で曝気タンク部の水中に排出するように構成したので、悪臭ガスは曝気タンク部の水中に遅々として小量ずつ排出される結果、タンク部の水との接触が良好に行い得、かつ、小量づつ水中に排出されるので、水による溶解・除去が容易となり、悪臭成分を効率よく脱臭処理することができる。
【００８７】
更に、本発明は、曝気タンク内の水中を通過することによって希薄となった悪臭成分の少ない臭気は、空気層に横架した臭気移動速度抑制装置の存在により直進することができず、前記臭気移動速度抑制装置を構成する多数の中空球体と中空球体との間の空間を縫ってジグザグ状に侵入することによってその移動速度が抑制され、かつ、放射状に分散された状態で空気層内を通過することになる結果、脱臭剤収容タンク部への移動が良好に抑制することができ、これにより、前記臭気は、脱臭剤により時間をかけて良好に吸着させて２次処理を行うことにより脱臭処理を終了するように構成したので、脱臭剤の汚損が軽減でき、前記悪臭ガスの１次処理を安価な水によって行うことができることと相まって、脱臭処理のランニングコストを著しく低減することができる。その上、脱臭剤の交換に当っては、脱臭剤を収容した筐体を脱臭剤収容タンク部から引出し方式で出し入れできるように構成したので、脱臭剤の交換作業は脱臭装置を連続運転させた状態で、迅速・容易に行うことができ利便である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】有機廃棄物処理装置の構成を概略的に示す構成図である。
【図２】有機廃棄物の処理装置を示す斜視図である。
【図３】有機廃棄物処理槽の縦断正面図である。
【図４】攪拌手段を示す斜視図である。
【図５】攪拌羽根の取付状況を示す説明図である。
【図６】本発明の脱臭装置を示す斜視図である。
【図７】本発明の脱臭装置の縦断面図である。
【図８】図７のＰ部分を拡大して示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
Ａ 有機廃棄物処理装置
１ 廃棄物処理槽
２ 攪拌手段
３ 加熱手段
４ 空気給送手段
５ 空気排出手段
６ 散水手段
９ 投入口
１１ 排出口
１９ 攪拌棒
２０ 攪拌羽根
２７ 脱臭装置
２９ 排気管
４０ 容器
４１ 曝気タンク部
４２ 散気筒
４９ 空気層
５１ 脱臭剤収容タンク部
５２〜５４ 筐体
５６ 脱臭剤
５９ 臭気移動速度抑制装置
６０ 排気フード
ａ 微細間隙[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an organic waste treatment apparatus capable of reducing the amount quickly and easily by subjecting organic waste such as straw (garbage) to fermentation decomposition treatment with microorganisms, and malodor generated during the fermentation decomposition treatment. The present invention relates to an improved deodorizing apparatus that simply deodorizes without exhausting gas directly to the outside.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Today, the generation amount of organic waste including garbage (garbage) discharged from ordinary households and restaurants is increasing year by year, especially when it is stored at home until the date of garbage collection or the bad smell at the collection place. The early disposal of moths has become a major social problem, such as the occurrence of pests such as frogs and flies, and the spread of moths by mischief of wild dogs and crows.
[0003]
And most of the above-mentioned wastes were incinerated together with other garbage at a cleaning plant or the like, or were processed by a landfill system or the like. In the incineration method, raw garbage is incinerated with other waste as it is, so there are difficulties in the installation location of the equipment in consideration of smoke emission, odor, etc.In the landfill method, the landfill site There were various problems such as how to deal with odor, generation of pathogenic bacteria, etc. as well as ensuring.
[0004]
For this reason, today, the aerobic fermentation treatment of organic waste, that is, the processing technology related to composting (composting) enables not only pollution-free processing but also waste recycling technology and natural processing. It has been reviewed as a technology. In particular, with regard to food waste called unprocessed rice, the livestock industry that has consumed this in large quantities has now been replaced with a blended feed, so that it is quick to solve the organic waste treatment, and Therefore, the development of a processing apparatus capable of highly decomposing, fermenting and reducing the amount is desired at an early stage.
[0005]
The treatment of koji, which is generally well known today, is almost achieved by, for example, subjecting organic components in garbage to fermentation decomposition treatment with the help of microorganisms such as medium temperature and high temperature bacteria. Fermentation decomposition treatment of the above-mentioned garbage is not only that the fermentation heat generated during the fermentation treatment contributes greatly, but also that there is relatively little malodorous gas generated during the fermentation treatment, and fermentation using aerobic microorganisms The decomposition method is widely used today.
[0006]
In order to activate the aerobic fermentation treatment, it is necessary to maintain an environment in which the activity of microorganisms is kept good. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain an appropriate processing amount of the koji to be fermented and moisture and temperature suitable for the fermentation treatment. In addition, fresh oxygen (air) must always be supplied in order to grow and activate microorganisms.
[0007]
As a result, in the apparatus for treating the soot, generally, the stirring means for uniformizing the moisture state and the oxygen supply state of the whole treated product such as soot and a moisture adjusting agent, the activation of the microorganisms and the moisture at a constant value. It is equipped with aeration (aeration) means for maintaining the heating and heating means for promoting fermentation and decomposition of koji, and always maintains a state suitable for aerobic fermentation treatment of koji in the fermentation tank, It is comprised so that the fermentation decomposition process of a koji can be accelerated | stimulated.
[0008]
However, in the above fermentation process, oxygen is constantly fed from the bottom of the fermentation tank into the tank for the activation of microorganisms and the water content of the fermented product to be maintained at a constant value, and passes through the fermentation tank. Since the odor gas generated by the fermentation process is directly discharged to the outside together with the substances containing odors, the odors are scattered to the living environment. It will cause a lot of bad effects.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
For this reason, a deodorizing device is attached to the fermentation treatment tank, and efforts are made to eliminate damage caused by bad odor. As a deodorizing apparatus that is well known today, for example, malodorous gas is brought into contact with and adsorbed to an adsorption deodorant using activated carbon to deodorize odors. However, since malodorous gas contains a lot of various malodorous components (ammonia gas, methane gas, etc.), if these gases are brought into direct contact with activated carbon, the adsorption load of the malodorous component increases and the activated carbon deteriorates early. The activated carbon absorbs moisture more than necessary due to the moisture containing malodor that is generated at the same time as the malodorous gas, and the deodorizing effect is significantly reduced.
[0010]
Instead of the above-mentioned deodorizing treatment with activated carbon, a method of deodorizing malodorous gas to an allowable concentration by supplying ozone to a deodorizing apparatus has been developed. In this deodorization treatment by supplying ozone, for example, a deodorizing apparatus including, for example, an ozone generating apparatus, and a method of deodorizing by mixing ozone and malodorous gas has been mainly developed. In this case, in order to reduce the malodorous component in the malodorous gas, it is necessary to increase the supply amount of ozone according to the degree of the malodorous component. However, increasing the amount of ozone supplied increases the size of the ozone generator and makes the device itself expensive, and if ozone itself flows out of the device as it is, it may adversely affect the human body. Usually, since a catalyst for decomposing ozone itself into oxygen was specially needed, this deodorizing means by ozone would be very expensive and inevitably increase the cost of this kind of organic waste treatment apparatus itself. There was a problem.
[0011]
In view of the above-mentioned various problems, the present invention is an organic waste treatment apparatus that has a simple structure for deodorizing odors such as malodorous gas and water vapor generated during fermentation of koji quickly and favorably and is easy to maintain. An object of the present invention is to provide a deodorizing apparatus.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a deodorizing apparatus for an organic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the organic waste is a fermentation apparatus for decomposing solid organic waste by decomposition with aerobic microorganisms. At the tip of the exhaust pipe that communicates with the waste treatment tank that ferments the product,A small amount of resin-made small-diameter spheres are bonded to each other and molded into a bottomed cylindrical shape with a minute number of irregularly spaced gaps.The attached odor gas discharge cylinder and the mist gas are immersed in the water and water containing odor gas and odor components is submerged in the water.ExcretionLet me outOdor components contained in malodorous gasAt the top of the aeration tank section to be primary treated and this aeration tank sectionBuilt-in odor moving speed suppression device configured by housing a number of hollow spheres that disperse odor exhausted from the aeration tank section and suppress the moving speed in a housing.Filled with an air layer and a deodorant that physically adsorbs odors leaking from the aeration tank through this air layer.TheA deodorant containing tank part for deodorizing the odor by secondary treatment, and further, the aeration tank partandThe deodorant storage tank part is formed integrally with one container through the air layer inside.It is characterized by that.
[0013]
  The deodorization apparatus in the organic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 2 is the deodorization apparatus according to claim 1,The deodorant storage tank unit is configured by laminating a plurality of casings filled with a deodorizing agent, and accommodating each casing so as to be able to be put in and out individually, and further, the casings in a plurality of stages. In addition, the container accommodated so as to be able to be taken in and out is configured by attaching an exhaust hood whose upper end is opened and whose exhaust port is closed with a breathable covering member having a fine mesh. Features.
[0017]
In the present invention, the malodorous gas such as ammonia produced by the decomposition of most of the soot into ammonia, methane gas, carbon dioxide gas and water by fermentation decomposition treatment of microorganisms is caused by contact with water in the aeration tank section. The primary treatment that dissolves and removes most of the part, and the primary treated odor is further sent to the deodorant storage tank and secondarily treated with the deodorant for deodorization. Deodorizing treatment can be performed quickly and reliably with a simple configuration.
[0018]
Further, in the primary treatment of malodorous gas, the malodorous gas is added by a bottomed cylindrical diffuser cylinder formed such that a large number of small spheres made of resin are pressure-bonded to form a predetermined number of small gaps. Since it is configured to be jetted into the water of the aeration tank unit in a pressurized state, malodorous gas is slowly ejected in small amounts into the water of the aeration tank unit, so that the tank unit is in good contact with the water. As a result of being obtained and discharged into water in small amounts, dissolution / removal with water is facilitated, and malodorous components can be efficiently deodorized.
[0019]
Furthermore, since the deodorizer can adsorb and deodorize the odor that has become diluted by passing through the water in the aeration tank, the deodorizer can be less contaminated, and the primary treatment of the malodorous gas can be performed at low cost. In combination with this, the running cost of the deodorizing process can be significantly reduced. In addition, when replacing the deodorant, the housing containing the deodorant is configured to be able to be taken in and out from the deodorant storage tank part, so that the replacement of the deodorant does not stop the deodorizer, It is convenient because it can be done quickly and easily.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing an example of an organic waste treatment apparatus A to which the present invention is applied. Organic waste such as soot (hereinafter referred to as soot) is subjected to, for example, high-temperature fermentation decomposition to reduce the amount of waste. The waste treatment tank 1, the stirring means 2 that stirs the soot introduced into the waste treatment tank 1 at regular intervals to satisfactorily perform microbial decomposition, the heating means 3 that heats the soot to a predetermined temperature, Air supply means 4 for supplying fresh air from the lower part of the waste treatment tank 1 to the tub and the fungus bed under the decomposition treatment with microorganisms to constantly activate and propagate the microorganism group, and the waste treatment tank 1 An air discharge means 5 for discharging the air in the treatment tank 1 from the upper part and deodorizing the deodorization apparatus 27 of the present invention, and a watering means 6 for adjusting moisture in the waste treatment tank 1 and the like. And a control device for driving and controlling the means 2 to 6 and the deodorizing device 27. It is constituted by a 7.
[0021]
Next, the structure of each means 2 to 6 constituting the organic waste treatment apparatus A will be described. A waste treatment tank (hereinafter referred to as a treatment tank) 1 has an arc shape at the bottom and a U-shaped longitudinal section. 2 and attached to the horizontally long mounting frame 8 shown in FIG. 2 with the upper surface and the front surface exposed to the outside. As shown in FIG. An opening / closing lid 10 for opening and closing the inlet 9 is attached to the lower front side (right side in FIG. 1), and a discharge lid 12 for opening / closing the outlet 11 for discharging residues such as soot to the outside. .
[0022]
Further, on one side of the upper rear portion of the processing tank 1, a crushing device 13 for crushing the slag with a crushing blade rotating at a high speed by the driving means 13a and a dehydrating device 14 for dehydrating the smashed slag are installed. The dehydrated soot is introduced into the treatment tank 1 through the introduction cylinder 14a (see FIG. 1). The crushing device 13 and the dehydrating device 14 may be installed as necessary.
[0023]
Next, the structure of the stirring means 2 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the agitation means 2 includes a rotary drive shaft 15 that is rotatably mounted in the center of the processing tank 1 in the length direction thereof, and one of the processing tanks 1 of the rotary drive shaft 15. An electric motor 18 for driving a chain wheel 16 fixed to an end protruding from the side wall through a chain 17, a stirring rod 19 fixed to the rotary drive shaft 15 with a predetermined interval, and the stirring The stirring blade 20 is attached to the tip of the bar 19.
[0024]
The stirring rod 19 of the stirring means 2 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the stirring rod 19 (six in this example) has its base end at the rotational drive shaft 15 and the center in the length direction. On the other hand, three of them are equally spaced in the left-right direction (on both ends of the rotary drive shaft 15), and an angular interval of 120 ° is maintained with respect to the circumferential direction of the rotary drive shaft 15, and the rotary drive shaft The six stirring bars 19 are attached by twisting 180 degrees with respect to the other three stirring bars 19 by attaching the three stirring bars 19 from the center in the length direction of 15 to one end. The rotary drive shaft 15 is attached at a 60 ° interval in the circumferential direction. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the tip of each stirring rod 19 extends to a position close to the inner peripheral surface of the processing tank 1 while maintaining a small gap in a range where it does not slide on the inner peripheral surface of the processing tank 1. Mounted out.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 4, the tip portion of each stirring rod 19 is formed by bending a flat plate into a substantially hexagonal shape (as viewed from the direction passing through the stirring rod 19) so as to have a hollow portion 20 a through which the stirring rod 19 passes. The formed stirring blade 20 is fixed to the stirring rod 19 with the stirring blade 20 inserted therethrough. When the stirring blade 20 is attached, the tip of the stirring rod 19 protrudes from the hollow portion 20a by a certain length (in this example, for example, 1/5 of the stirring rod 19), and in this state, The agitation blade 20 is attached by fastening a mounting bolt 20c screwed to the agitation rod 19 from the flat portion 20b of the agitation blade 20.
[0026]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, when the stirring blade 20 is attached to the stirring rod 19, its attachment angle is set to a predetermined angle (for example, in the range of 30 to 60 °) with respect to the axis of the rotary drive shaft 15. ) In addition, the stirring blades 20 are attached to each other at opposite ends (symmetric positions) with respect to the center of the rotational drive shaft 15 in the length direction (point Y in FIG. 5) as the base points. Are attached by tilting at the same angle. The agitation blade 20 is attached as described above so that the agitation can be moved in the length direction of the treatment tank 1 when the agitation is agitated.
[0027]
Next, the heating means 3 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the heating means 3 is located at the middle position of the processing tank 1 (position of the middle part of the height dimension) from the bottom surface of the lower part of the processing tank 1 which is bent in a semicircular shape (U shape). It is made of a material with excellent elasticity, such as heat-resistant rubber, which has an electric heater (not shown) that is extended and pasted, and always ferments the koji by controlling the inside of the processing tank 1 to a predetermined temperature. Make it effective. Reference numeral 3a denotes a temperature controller that cuts off the power to the heater when the temperature of the processing tank 1 reaches a predetermined temperature (for example, about 40 ° C.), and is connected to the control device 7.
[0028]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the air feeding means 4 feeds air near the bottom surface in the treatment tank 1, for example, at a constant pressure, and supplies oxygen to a group of microorganisms in the bacterial bed mixed with soot. In this example, as shown in FIG. 2, an electric air supply blower (blower) 21 and a discharge port and a base end (not shown) of the blower 21 are provided. It is comprised by the feed pipes 22 and 23 which connect and feed the air in the processing tank 1. FIG.
[0029]
And each front-end | tip of the said feed pipes 22 and 23 is attached to the lower part of the side wall of the processing tank 1, respectively by welding etc., and the attachment site | part of the side wall of the processing tank 1 to which the front-end | tip of each feed pipe 22 and 23 is attached As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a predetermined number of through holes 24 a that form a feed port 24 for feeding air into the treatment tank 1 are perforated. The pressure of the air supplied to the through-hole 24a is supplied to the treatment tank 1 to obtain a pressure at which soot or the like does not leak from the through-hole 24a into the feed pipes 22 and 23 during stirring. Therefore, it is possible to feed fresh air constantly into the treatment tank 1 to promote the activity / reproduction of the microorganism group and to perform the fermentation process of koji smoothly and satisfactorily. In addition, 23a in FIG. 1 is an on-off valve that varies the amount of air supplied to the processing tank 1.
[0030]
Next, the air discharge means 5 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the air discharge means 5 includes an exhaust port 25 perforated on the rear side (left direction in FIG. 1) of the processing tank 1 (upper side), and a processing tank from the exhaust port 25. 1 between the exhaust port 25 and the air discharge blower 26, and the air discharge blower (blower) 26 that forcibly sucks and discharges malodorous gas generated in the fermentation process in 1 and water vapor containing bad smell, etc. The exhaust gas odor gas and the like are deodorized to eliminate odors, and the exhaust gas pipes 28 and 29 are connected between the blower 26 and a deodorizer 27 which will be described later.
[0031]
The air discharge means 5 sends malodorous gas generated during fermentation of koji to the deodorizing device 27 together with air that is fed into the treatment tank 1 and promotes the activity and propagation of microorganisms. This is for deodorizing the gas and releasing it into the atmosphere. By constantly sucking malodorous gas such as moisture and ammonia in the treatment tank 1, when the lid 10 is opened and closed, the malodor is generated from the inlet 9. Good prevention from direct release into the atmosphere. In particular, when the fermentation decomposition treatment of koji is near the end, a considerable amount of malodorous gas is generated in the treatment tank 1. In this case, the flow rate adjustment opening / closing provided in the middle of the supply pipes 22 and 23 is performed. For example, by narrowing the valve 23a, the inside of the processing tank 1 is maintained at a negative pressure, for example, 1 atm or less, and the evacuation gas is forcibly discharged by the air discharging means 5 in order to avoid leakage of malodorous gas from the processing tank 1. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the malodorous gas from naturally leaking outside from the inlet 9 and the outlet 11.
[0032]
The sprinkling means 6 is installed to adjust the temperature in the processing tank 1 and the moisture content such as soot. As shown in FIG. The watering nozzle 30, the watering pipe 31 connecting the watering nozzle 30 and a water supply source (not shown) such as a water heater, and an open / close valve 32 attached to the water supply pipe 31. By spraying water regularly, the watering nozzle 30 favorably prevents the moisture content such as soot from being lowered or the inside of the processing tank 1 from being dried.
[0033]
Next, the structure of the deodorizing apparatus 27 of the present invention that deodorizes the malodorous gas generated during the fermentation decomposition process such as koji in the processing tank 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0034]
In FIG. 6, the deodorizing device 27 of the present invention deodorizes an aeration tank unit 41 that primarily performs malodorous gas and a secondary process of the odor that is located above the aeration tank unit 41 and that has been primarily treated. It is configured using a single container 40 having a deodorant storage tank unit 51.
[0035]
First, the configuration of the aeration tank unit 41 in the container 40 will be described. In FIG. 7, the aeration tank section 41 accommodates a bottomed cylindrical diffused cylinder 42 connected to the tip of an exhaust pipe 29 connected to the blower 26 in the vicinity of the bottom, and a water supply pipe connected to a water supply source 43 at the top. 44 is connected to a pipe via a water supply valve 45, and further includes a water level gauge 46 which is fixed to the upper surface of the aeration tank unit 41 and hangs down the detection unit to the vicinity of the bottom of the aeration tank unit 41. A drain pipe 47 is connected to the aeration tank 41 at a position opposite to the exhaust pipe 29 via a drain valve 48 at a position on the same horizontal line as 42.
[0036]
The water supply valve 45 and the drain valve 48 attached to the feed pipe 44 and the drain pipe 47 are periodically opened and closed by a command signal so that the water in the aeration tank 41 can be supplied and drained. In addition, the water level gauge 46 can send a detection signal of the lowest and highest water levels in the aeration tank unit 41 to the control device 7 and send an opening / closing command to the water supply / drainage valves 45, 48. It is connected to the control device 7. For example, when the time for draining the water in the aeration tank unit 41 is reached, the drain valve 48 is opened by a command signal from the control device 7 to quantitatively drain the water in the aeration tank unit 41 and then the drain valve 48 is closed. . Thereafter, the water supply valve 45 is opened by a command signal from the control device 7, water is supplied to the aeration tank unit 41 from the water supply source 43 through the water supply pipe 44, and it is detected that the water is metered by the water level gauge 46. By closing the water supply valve 45 at the time, the supply / drainage of the aeration tank unit 41 is completed.
[0037]
In addition, the diffuser cylinder 42 arranged near the bottom of the aeration tank unit 41 is, for example, in a space between the inner and outer walls of a mold in which a small spherical sphere 42a made of resin is formed into a bottomed cylindrical double tube wall shape. The required amount is filled, and in this state, the sphere 42a is pressurized at a predetermined pressure, the mold is heated to a predetermined temperature, and the spheres 42a filled in the mold are partially welded to each other to reduce the diameter. It is formed by fixing the necessary number of spherical bodies 42a integrally and molding the bottomed cylindrical dispersion cylinder 42.
[0038]
When the dust cylinder 42 is molded as described above using a small-diameter sphere 42a, the sphere 42a portion is deformed by heating and the spheres 42a adhere to each other. In this case, if the mold is heated to such an extent that the original shape of the sphere 42a is broken, the sphere 42a cannot be melted and remain in the original shape, but if heated to such an extent that the original shape is retained, the spheres 42a adhere to each other, but are partially bonded. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, a minute gap a through which air and moisture circulate is generated at a portion where the bonding is not performed.
[0039]
The fine gaps a can hardly be formed regularly, and a predetermined number of the fine gaps a are irregularly scattered in the entire cylindrical cylinder 42 formed and processed into a bottomed cylindrical shape. Needless to say, the size of the fine gap a to be formed varies. In addition, since the diffusion cylinder 42 formed as described above has an appropriate number of fine gaps a through which air flows, it can be easily immersed in the water of the aeration tank section 41.
[0040]
In addition, since the fine gaps a through which air flows are irregularly formed with an appropriate number of different sizes, for example, when air is sent to the scattering cylinder 42, the air is fine. Since the location and size of a are irregular, they do not flow out as they are, but are temporarily accumulated in the scattering cylinder 42 and gradually discharged into the water through the fine gap a. That is, it is configured so that the fed gas or fluid can be gradually discharged without being discharged at once.
[0041]
Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the configuration of the deodorant storage tank unit 51 that performs secondary processing of malodorous gas (odor) that is integrally provided via the air layer 49 on the upper part of the aeration tank unit 41 will be described. . As shown in FIG. 7, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, the tank unit 51 includes three casings 52, 53, and 54 each having a fine mesh net 55 stretched on the bottom surface and stacked in a stepped manner. And the housings 52 to 54 are individually housed and placed so that they can be taken in and out of the tank portion 51 like drawers.
[0042]
And each said housing | casing 52-54 is filled with the deodorizing agents 56, such as activated carbon which carries out the secondary process of each odor in each housing | casing part, and deodorizes, and inserts in the said deodorizing agent storage tank part 51, The said tank part By being detachably mounted on the mounting portion b of each step portion provided on the side wall 51, as shown in FIG. 7, it is accommodated and held in a state of being mounted on a plurality of steps. A handle 57 is attached to each of the casings 52 to 54 on a front wall surface (in the same direction as the drain pipe 47) that is a drawing direction of the casings 52 to 54, respectively.
[0043]
When the deodorizer 56 is deteriorated or is exchanged due to wet performance deterioration, the casing 52 to 54 is pulled out from the tank portion 51 with the handle 57 and the deodorizer 56 in the casing 52 to 54 is taken out. After that, the casings 52 to 54 are mounted on a predetermined mounting portion b of the tank portion 51 so as to be pulled out, and are pushed to be pushed into the tank portion 51 as they are. Accommodate.
[0044]
Next, the air layer 49 interposed between the aeration tank unit 41 and the deodorant storage tank unit 51 will be described. The air layer 49 is formed in order to prevent the odor of the malodorous gas primarily treated in the aeration tank unit 41 from flowing directly into the deodorant storage tank unit 51, and the configuration is shown in FIG. Thus, for example, a perforated metal (punching metal) in which a large number of flow holes for circulating a fluid are provided in the space above the aeration tank 41 so as to cover the lower surface of the housing 52, for example, A housing 58 bent in a U-shape is attached by suspending the upper open end of the housing 58 on the bottom of the containing agent tank 51.
[0045]
In addition, inside the casing 58, for example, hollow resin hollow spheres (approximately 10 mm immediately after) 59a are accommodated in a stepped manner, and the presence of the hollow spheres 59a prevents the gas flow. The aeration tank unit 41 and the deodorant storage tank unit 51 are partitioned, and as described above, the odor of the first-order malodorous gas is sent to the deodorant storage tank unit 51 over time. Alternatively, the housing 58 for housing the hollow sphere 59a may house the hollow sphere 59a in a bag body, and flatten it horizontally on the air layer 49.
[0046]
In FIGS. 6 and 7, reference numeral 60 denotes an exhaust hood attached to the uppermost opening end of the deodorant storage tank portion 51, and an intrusion prevention film 61 such as a wire mesh for preventing invasion of pests and the like is stretched on the opening portion. Yes.
[0047]
Next, the case where the weight of the koji is reduced by fermentation will be described. First, in the fermentation process of koji, preparations are made in advance for the treatment tank 1 and the fungus bed. That is, for the treatment tank 1, an operation switch (not shown) is turned on, a heater (not shown) of the heating means 3 is energized, and the treatment tank 1 is fermented at an optimum fermentation temperature for activating aerobic fermentation bacteria (microorganism group), for example, , Heated to a temperature of 40 ° C. Thereafter, the opening / closing lid 10 of the treatment tank 1 is opened, and appropriate amounts of inoculum (microorganism group) that forms the fungus bed, nutrients such as rice bran, moisture adjusting material such as sawdust, and pH adjusting agent are mixed together. 9 is put into the treatment tank 1 and left for a certain time (12 to 24 hours) to form a fungus bed.
[0048]
In the case where the fungus bed is formed in advance, as an inoculum, the present invention can be applied to an aerobic thermophilic bacterium (optimum activity temperature of about 10 to 20 ° C., for example, bacteria [Pseudomonas genus]), mesophilic bacteria (optimum activity temperature of about 20 to 40 ° C., for example, Actinomycetes [genus Spreptomyces]), thermophilic bacteria (optimum activity temperature of about 50-60 ° C., for example, Bacillus subtilis [Bacillus]), and anaerobic bacteria (for example, lactic acid bacteria [Bactobacillus sp.) ]) Is suitably blended with the bacteria of the four species, and the inoculum is mixed with other members that form other fungi such as sawdust to form a fungus bed. If the group) is allowed to stand for 12 to 24 hours after completion of the advance preparation, it will breed well and be ready for fermentation of koji.
[0049]
As described above, when the preliminary work before performing the fermentation process of the koji is completed, the koji made of organic waste such as garbage is put into the crushing device 13 and finely crushed. The crushed crushed material is fed as it is to the dehydrating device 14 and subjected to dehydration treatment, and then charged into the processing tank 1 through the charging cylinder 14a. The dewatered sewage is drained as it is.1Then, it flows into the filtering device 33 and is filtered, and then stored in the water storage tank 34. When the water storage tank 34 is full, the overflowed water is discharged into the sewage as it is. In addition, without using the crushing device 13, the soot may be input as it is by opening the opening / closing lid 10 of the input port 9 of the processing tank 1.
[0050]
When the inlet 9 is opened and the soot is introduced into the processing tank 1, the blower 26 that exhausts the air in the processing tank 1 is driven by a command from the control device 7, and odor is generated from the inlet 9 when the soot is introduced. Suppresses leakage to the outside. When the charging port 9 is closed by the opening / closing lid 10 after the bag is charged, the blower 26 is temporarily stopped.
[0051]
When the addition of the bag is completed, an operation switch (not shown) is turned on. When the operation switch is turned on, the electric motor 18 that rotates the stirring rod 19 to which the stirring blade 20 is attached, the blower 21 that feeds air into the processing tank 1, and the air discharge that discharges the air in the processing tank 1 to the deodorizing device 27. The blower 26 for heating and the heating means 3 for heating the treatment tank 1 are each driven by a command from the control device 7. In this case, the heating means 3 maintains the inside of the treatment tank 1 at a temperature suitable for the growth of the bacteria because of the generation of the fungus bed. The temperature of the floor once decreases. As a result, when the operation switch is turned on, the heating means 3 is turned on to raise the temperature of the processing tank 1 to the set temperature.
[0052]
Then, the rotary drive shaft 15 is driven by the activation of the electric motor 18, the base end is fixed to the drive shaft 15, and the stirring rod 19 having the stirring blade 20 attached to the distal end portion is rotated, as shown in FIGS. The fermentation base X composed of the fungus bed and the straw put into the treatment tank 1 is stirred and mixed. The rotation speed of the stirring rod 19 is set to 1 to 2 rotations / minute in this example, and the fermentation base X is stirred by the stirring blade 20 to efficiently mix the fungus bed and the koji. In this case, since the stirring blade 20 is attached at a position slightly retracted from the tip of the stirring rod 19, the fermentation base X is not pressed against the wall surface of the processing tank 1. be able to.
[0053]
In the stirring treatment step, the fermentation substrate X is stirred and mixed while reciprocating in the left-right direction of the treatment tank 1 (longitudinal direction of the treatment tank 1 shown in FIG. 3). That is, the stirring bar 19 has a center line Y in the length direction of the rotary drive shaft 15 shown in FIG. 5 in the circumferential direction at equal intervals in the length direction as shown in FIG. The three bases arranged symmetrically in the left-right direction are shifted from each other by 120 ° as the starting point, and the fermenting base is sequentially from the outer stirring bar 19 during forward rotation of the rotary drive shaft 15 and from the inner stirring bar 19 during reverse rotation. The material X is attached so as to be stirred by the stirring blade 20. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the stirring blade 20 is attached to a position slightly closer to the base end from the tip of the stirring bar 19 (a position about 1/5 lower than the length of the stirring bar 19). As shown in FIG. 5, the mounting angle is inclined at a predetermined angle (in the range of about 30 to 60 °) with respect to the axis of the rotary drive shaft 15 and is orthogonal to the axis of the rotary drive shaft 15. With the center line Y in the length direction as a base point, the agitating blades 20 are symmetrical in the opposite direction to each other in the length direction of the rotary drive shaft 15 (when the rotary drive shaft 15 is rotated forward, fermentation is performed). The base material X is attached to the stirring bar 19 at an inclination so that the fermentation base material X moves to the center position of the processing tank 1 and the fermentation base material X moves to the end side of the processing tank 1 during reverse rotation.
[0054]
That is, the stirring blades 20 are all arranged at the same line as shown in FIG. 5 because the respective stirring rods 19 are attached to the rotary drive shaft 15 by shifting by 60 ° along the circumferential direction. It cannot be confirmed by the status. However, in order to explain the mounting state of each stirring blade 20, it is assumed that the stirring rod 19 to which each stirring blade 20 is mounted protrudes in the same direction as shown in FIG. 5 on the axis of the rotary drive shaft 15. In this state, each stirring blade 20 shown in FIG. 5 is inclined at symmetrical positions at the same angle with respect to the axis of the rotary drive shaft 15 on both sides of the center line Y perpendicular to the axis of the rotary drive shaft 15. Installed.
[0055]
For example, when the rotary drive shaft 15 is rotated in the forward rotation direction (rightward direction) in FIG. 5 by the activation of the electric motor 18, each stirring blade 20 fixed to the stirring rod 19 is connected to the center line Y of the rotary drive shaft 15. Therefore, the fermentation substrate X in the treatment tank 1 is stirred and mixed while moving in the center direction in the longitudinal direction of the treatment tank 1. This is because the stirring blade 20 is inclined toward the center line Y side of the rotary drive shaft 15 as described above, so that the fermentation substrate X is fermented diagonally by the forward rotation of the rotary drive shaft 15. This is to enter the base X.
[0056]
Further, when the rotary drive shaft 15 is rotated in the reverse direction (left direction) in FIG. 4, the stirring blade 20 is inclined in a direction away from the center line Y of the rotary drive shaft 15. Contrary to the above, the material X is stirred and mixed while moving to the side wall side in the longitudinal direction of the treatment tank 1.
[0057]
Thus, when the stirring rod 19 is rotated forward and backward by the rotary drive shaft 15, the fermentation substrate X reciprocates along the longitudinal direction of the treatment tank 1 while being stirred and mixed by the stirring blade 20. It becomes possible to rapidly and well stir and mix the fermentation base X composed of koji. In this example, the agitation / mixing operation of the fermentation substrate X is performed for about 10 minutes every 2 hours (forward / reverse rotation of the electric motor 18 every 5 minutes), and the agitation / mixing operation of the fermentation substrate X is started. At the same time, the blower 21 of the air supply means 4 and the blower 26 of the air discharge means 5 are simultaneously activated. The air feeding means 4 and the air discharging means 5 continue to operate even when the stirring / mixing operation of the fermentation substrate X is completed.
[0058]
When the air feeding means 4 is activated, the air pressurized to a predetermined pressure by the blower 21 passes through the feeding pipes 22 and 23 (the flow rate adjusting valve 23a is fully opened) from the both side walls of the lower part of the processing tank 1 and the fermentation substrate X Be fed in. The air fed into the treatment tank 1 is heated on the both sides of the treatment tank 1 in a state of being heated compared to the outside air by the pressurization by the blower 21 and the atmospheric temperature heated by the heating means 3 in the mounting frame 8. It passes through the through-hole 24a drilled in the side wall and is fed into the processing tank 1.
[0059]
The air fed into the treatment tank 1 penetrates to the depth of the fermentation substrate X and diffuses and supplies oxygen to the fermentation substrate X. On the fungal bed that constitutes one of the fermentation bases X, microorganisms that are appropriately blended with thermophilic bacteria, mesophilic bacteria, thermophilic bacteria, and anaerobic bacteria are reproduced, activated by the supply of oxygen, Decomposition treatment and moisture and other components (carbon dioxide CO2Etc.).
[0060]
In the initial stage of treatment of the koji, the temperature of the fermentation substrate X is low and the temperature of the mesophilic bacterium is active and breeding. Therefore, at this stage, some of the thermophilic bacterium is in a dormant state, and in anaerobic bacteria However, since the fermentation base X is very air-permeable at the initial stage, a part of the fermentation base X is dormant in the same manner as thermophilic bacteria. And as the fermentation and decomposition treatment of koji proceeds with the activation of the microorganism group by supplying oxygen, heat is generated, and the temperature of the fermentation substrate X is gradually increased to a temperature (around 70 ° C.) at which high-temperature bacteria propagate. Raise.
[0061]
When the temperature of the fermentation base X rises and reaches the activity / breeding region of the thermophilic bacteria, the thermophilic bacteria that have been dormant so far grow well and efficiently promote the high-temperature fermentation / decomposition treatment of the koji. In this way, as the activation and propagation of the microorganism group is promoted, the high temperature bacteria in the fermentation substrate X perform the decomposition process of the koji, and the temperature also in the medium temperature and low temperature areas, respectively. Microorganisms suitable for the region are active and contribute to fermentation and decomposition treatment of koji. In this case, a group of microorganisms that exist in a temperature region that is not suitable for breeding in each temperature region, for example, some of the thermophilic bacteria that die in the high temperature region, are mostly dormant.
[0062]
As described above, the koji contained in the fermentation substrate X is decomposed well into moisture and other components by the microorganism group activated and propagated in each temperature region, and the moisture is emitted from the fermentation substrate X. Carbon dioxide, ammonia, sulfur compounds generated during fermentation of koji from the exhaust port 25 in the upper part of the processing tank 1 to the deodorizing device 27 through the discharge pipes 28 and 29 by the blower 26 of the air discharge means 5 And so on (hereinafter referred to as malodorous gas).
[0063]
The malodorous gas discharged from the treatment tank 1 through the discharge pipes 28 and 29 to the deodorizing device 27 is once collected and retained in the diffusion cylinder 42. This is because the dust cylinder 42 itself is formed into a bottomed cylindrical shape by appropriately welding small spheres 42a to generate irregularly different fine gaps a. The malodorous gas that has flowed into the gas cylinder cannot flow out as it is, but once it has accumulated in the diffusion cylinder 42, it gradually flows out through the fine gap a into the water in the aeration tank 41. .
[0064]
As a result, the malodorous gas is collected in a state of being pressurized to some extent in the diffuser cylinder 42, and flows out (discharges) so as to ooze out from the minute gap a formed irregularly in the diffuser cylinder 42. In the tank part 41, contact with water is performed satisfactorily, and most of malodorous components (such as ammonia gas) are dissolved and removed. In this way, the primary treatment (deodorizing action) of malodorous gas is performed in the aeration tank unit 41. At this time, the moisture containing the malodor discharged into the dust cylinder 42 together with the malodorous gas flows out from the fine gap a so as to ooze out to the aeration tank section 41 in the same manner as the malodorous gas.
[0065]
The deodorizing process is referred to as a primary process in the present invention. In this case, the primary treatment employs a method in which malodorous components in the malodorous gas are dissolved and removed with inexpensive water, so that the treatment work can be performed inexpensively and easily. Can be greatly reduced.
[0066]
  The malodorous gas that has been subjected to the deodorizing primary treatment is dissolved and removed in water, and is exhausted from the water in the aeration tank 41 to the air layer 49 above it. The air containing the odor exhausted to the air layer 49 (hereinafter referred to as odor) enters the air layer 49 and is accommodated and laid in a housing 58 horizontally installed in the air layer 49. Consist ofOdor transfer speed control device59 is exhausted to the deodorizing agent storage tank 51. At this time,Odor transfer speed control device59 is disposed in the housing 58 so as to partition the aeration tank unit 41 and the deodorant storage tank unit 51.
[0067]
  That is, the primary-processed odor exhausted from the aeration tank unit 41 laid horizontally on the air layer 49.Odor transfer speed control deviceCannot go straight because of 59,Odor transfer speed control deviceAs a result of sewing the space between the hollow sphere 59a and the hollow sphere 59a constituting 59 into the zigzag shape, the odor passes through the air layer 49 in a state in which the moving speed is suppressed and the odor is dispersed radially. Therefore, the movement to the deodorant storage tank part 51 can be suppressed satisfactorily.
[0068]
The odor that has passed through the air layer 49 rises in a radially dispersed state, and flows into the deodorant storage tank 51 that secondarily processes the odor and deodorizes it. The deodorizing agent storage tank unit 51 is configured such that casings 52 to 54 that store a deodorizing agent 56 made of activated carbon or the like are stacked in three stages and can be taken in and out of the tank unit 51 like a drawer in this example. .
[0069]
And the odor which flowed into the said deodorizing agent storage tank part 51 is deodorized by passing sequentially between the deodorizing agents 56 in the housing | casing 52-54 laminated | stacked in multiple steps, and is exhausted from the exhaust hood 60 to the exterior. Discharged. That is, the odor that has been subjected to the primary treatment introduced into the deodorant storage tank unit 51 can pass through the deodorant storage tank unit 51 stacked in a plurality of stages, taking a long contact time with the deodorant 56. Therefore, the secondary process (deodorizing process) by the deodorizing agent 56 can be performed satisfactorily.
[0070]
  This is made possible by performing the first and second processing of the malodorous gas over time. In the present invention, the malodorous gas is discharged into the water in the aeration tank section 41 by using the dust cylinder 42. By suppressing the odor, most of the odorous components in the odorous gas can be easily dissolved and removed in water (primary treatment of the odorous components), and after that, most of the odorous components are deodorized from the aeration tank unit 41. The odor exhausted in this manner is laid horizontally on the air layer 49 above the aeration tank 41.Odor transfer speed control deviceWhile passing through 59, it is divided and diffused and introduced into the deodorant storage tank 51. The odor that has flowed into the tank portion 51 is sequentially adsorbed by the deodorizer 56 by passing through the plurality of cases 52 to 54 filled with the deodorizer 56, and the secondary treatment of the odor deodorization is good over time. Can be done.
[0071]
  Also in this secondary treatment, exhaust from the aeration tank unit 41 is provided in the air layer 49.Odor transfer speed control device59 is dispersed and is discharged into the deodorant storage tank 51 with the discharge speed reduced, so that the odor reduced by malodor components by the primary deodorization treatment can be secondarily treated better. The air from which the bad odor is removed is discharged from the exhaust port 62 (see FIG. 6) of the exhaust hood 60 to the outside. As a result, the malodorous gas generated during the fermentation process of koji is not directly discharged to the outside, and the member that deodorizes the malodorous gas uses inexpensive water as the primary treatment. In addition, since the deodorizer 56 only performs secondary treatment of odor, the adsorption burden can be reduced and the use period can be easily extended.
[0072]
The water in the aeration tank unit 41 opens and closes the drainage and water supply valves 45 and 48 by a command signal from the control device 7 every fixed time (for example, 2 hours), and exchanges about 2/3 thereof. Water supply and drainage are constantly monitored by a water level gauge 46, and a fixed amount of water is always stored in the tank 41.
[0073]
When the deodorizer 56 is replaced, the casings 52 to 54 are pulled out from the deodorizer storage tank 51 using the handle 57 like a drawer, and after the new deodorizer 56 is packed, the deodorizer storage tank 51 is again filled. By accommodating the casings 52 to 54 in the interior, the deodorizing agent 56 can be easily exchanged.
[0074]
As described above, when the fermentation process of the koji contained in the fermentation substrate X proceeds and a certain time (for example, 2 hours from the previous stirring time of the fermentation substrate X) has elapsed, the motor 18 is instructed by a command from the control device 7. Is started, the stirring rod 19 is rotated, and the fermentation substrate X is stirred and mixed. In this case, the start-up time of the electric motor 18 is 5 minutes each in the forward and reverse rotations in this example. The switching direction and starting time of the rotation direction are set in advance by the control device 7.
[0075]
When the stirring blade 20 starts stirring and mixing the fermentation substrate X by the rotation of the stirring rod 19, the fermentation substrate X reciprocates along the longitudinal direction of the treatment tank 1 by the forward and reverse action of the electric motor 18. As described above, the stirring blades 20 fixed to the stirring rod 19 are fixed to the stirring rod 19 at a predetermined angle with respect to the axis of the rotary drive shaft 15, respectively. During the stirring and mixing of the material X, the fermentation substrate X can be easily reciprocated in the treatment tank 1.
[0076]
When the fermentation base X starts to move in the processing tank 1, the temperature of the fermentation base X is temporarily lowered by the air that is constantly fed from the blower 21 into the processing tank 1. This is because the center part of the fermentation substrate X is higher in temperature than other parts due to the fermentation and decomposition of microorganisms, especially the activation and propagation of thermophilic bacteria and mesophilic bacteria (the state before stirring and mixing). Although it was in a state, when the temperature change in the fermentation base material X was observed, the temperature of the fermentation base material X dropped once every 2 hours, and the stirring / mixing of the fermentation base material X was stopped (the electric motor 18 was stopped). Until the next time the electric motor 18 is started (about 2 hours), the temperature of the fermentation base X gradually increases.
[0077]
As described above, the stirring rod 19 is rotated, and the fermentation substrate X can be moved by the stirring blade 20 while stirring and mixing the high temperature region and the low temperature region. The air fed into the treatment tank 1 from the blower 21 can be in uniform contact with the fermentation base X moving in the treatment tank 1, thereby reducing the temperature of the fermentation base X. is there. In this case, the blower 26 of the air discharge means 5 is always activated, the air from the blower 21 is permeated into the fermentation base X, permeates the fermentation base X, and is ejected to the upper part in the processing tank 1. The hot air of the fermentation substrate X is sucked well, discharged to the deodorizing device 27, and deodorized.
[0078]
Thus, while the fermentation base X can suppress a temperature rise favorably by the air feeding means 4 and the air discharge means 5, and by moving the fermentation base X by the stirring / mixing action of the stirring blade 20, As a result, the fermentation substrate X itself can evaporate well. As a result, the fermentation substrate X is not hardened by moisture and is in a state containing a little moisture, so that the air from the blower 21 is easily fermented. It penetrates into the inside of the substrate X, and the temperature of each part of the fermentation substrate X is almost equalized. This is because all of the fermentation base X can be moved by the stirring blade 20, and thereby the aerobic fermentation of the fermentation base X can be performed satisfactorily.
[0079]
As shown in FIG. 5, the fermentation decomposition treatment of koji is coupled with the fact that the fermentation substrate X reciprocates in the treatment tank 1 during the stirring and mixing, and is constantly supplied with air from the blower 21. At the time of rotation of the stirring blade 20, the air is evenly contacted with the fermentation base X, so that the fermentation temperature temporarily decreases, but the fermentation base X has good air permeation and has been dormant until now. The low / mesophilic bacterium which has been released is rapidly bred and activated, and the cocoon in the fermentation base X is efficiently fermented and decomposed into water and other components.
[0080]
And after rotating the stirring blade 20 forward / reversely every 5 minutes, when the electric motor 18 is stopped, the stirring / mixing work of the fermentation base X is completed, and the fermentation base X is fermented in a stationary state from that point. The fermentation temperature rises every time a predetermined fermentation time elapses, and the koji is fermented at a high temperature for efficient decomposition. Moreover, the temperature in the processing tank 1 is always measured by the temperature controller 3a, and when the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature (for example, about 40 ° C.), the energization to the heating means 3 is stopped. In addition, at the time of high-temperature fermentation of the fermentation base material X (for example, when the temperature of the fermentation base material X is measured with a thermocouple 35 and the measured temperature exceeds 40 ° C., for example), in this example, the heating means 3 is energized. Is stopped by a command from the control device 7.
[0081]
When the fermentation substrate X is subjected to a high temperature fermentation treatment, the koji contained in the fermentation substrate X is efficiently decomposed by the microorganism group of the high temperature bacteria to be decomposed into water and other components, and the water is fermented. It evaporates by heat and is forcibly discharged to the deodorizing device 27 by the air discharging means 5 together with carbon dioxide, ammonia, etc. generated during the fermentation process, and deodorized.
[0082]
When the moisture content of the fermentation substrate X is reduced below a set value, the watering means 6 is driven by a command from the control device 7 and a certain amount of water is fermented from the watering nozzle 30 disposed in the treatment tank 1. Supply water to material X. The water supply time and water supply amount can be determined by detecting the water content by a moisture content sensor (not shown) and starting water supply, or by knowing the processing time of dredging in advance by a test or the like and supplying water at regular intervals. Well, in terms of water supply, the water supply for each moisture content should be determined by a prior test to supply the optimum amount of water, or the water supply corresponding to the pre-tested soot throughput should be known. By performing watering at regular intervals during the fermentation treatment of the fermentation substrate X, the fermentation substrate X is maintained at a predetermined moisture content.
[0083]
By the above, when discharging the fermentation base X which finished the fermentation process, the discharge lid 12 which covers the discharge port 11 of the processing tank 1 is opened, and the discharge port 11 is opened. Thereafter, an operation switch (not shown) of the organic waste treatment apparatus A is turned on to start the electric motor 18. In this case, the electric motor 18 is rotated only in the normal rotation direction. When the electric motor 18 rotates in the forward rotation direction, the stirring rod 19 of the stirring means 2 rotates in the right direction shown in FIG. The stirring blade 20 fixed to the stirring rod 19 by the right rotation of the stirring rod 19 is attached so as to incline in a direction opposite to each other at a predetermined angle with respect to the axis of the rotary drive shaft 15. The fermentation substrate X in the tank 1 is moved to the center position in the length direction of the processing tank 1 and can be automatically discharged from the discharge port 11 to the outside of the processing tank 1 without soiling the hands. Therefore, if the bag which stores the fermentation base material X is set below the discharge port 11, the fermentation base material X can be easily stored. If the fermentation base material X stored in the bag is left as it is for about one month, it can be fermented well and used as a fertilizer.
[0084]
In addition, although the deodorizing apparatus 27 of this invention demonstrated the system which discharges the water of the aeration tank part 41 from the drain pipe 47, the said drain pipe 47 is connected to the water supply pipe 31 of the processing tank 1, and from the aeration tank part 41, it is. Even if the water to be drained is sprinkled into the treatment tank 1 through the sprinkling nozzle 30 and used to prevent the inside of the treatment tank 1 from becoming dry, the present invention is established.
[0085]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.
(1) In the present invention, the malodorous gas such as ammonia, which is produced by the decomposition of most of the straw into ammonia, methane gas, carbon dioxide and water by the fermentation of microorganisms, is brought into contact with the water in the aeration tank section. The primary treatment for dissolving and removing most of the malodorous portion, and the primary-treated odor is further sent to the deodorant-containing tank section and subjected to secondary treatment with the deodorizer, so that the post-primary treatment Since it comprised so that an odor could be deodorized, the deodorizing process of the malodorous gas which generate | occur | produces by the fermentation process of koji can be performed rapidly and reliably with a simple structure.
[0086]
Further, in the primary treatment of malodorous gas, the present invention provides a bottomed cylindrical spray cylinder formed by forming a required number of fine gaps by, for example, heat-bonding a large number of small spheres made of resin. Since it is configured to discharge the malodorous gas into the water in the aeration tank while being pressurized, the malodorous gas is slowly discharged in small amounts into the water in the aeration tank. Since it can be satisfactorily performed and is discharged into water in small amounts, dissolution / removal with water is facilitated, and malodorous components can be efficiently deodorized.
[0087]
  Furthermore, the present invention provides an odor with less malodorous components that is diluted by passing through the water in the aeration tank.Can not go straight due to the presence of the odor moving speed suppressing device horizontally mounted on the air layer, and sew the spaces between the hollow spheres and the hollow spheres constituting the odor moving speed suppressing device in a zigzag shape. As a result of entering the air layer in a state of being dispersed radially by entering, the movement to the deodorant containing tank part can be favorably suppressed, thereby The odor isBy deodorantGood over timeSince the deodorizing process is completed by adsorbing and performing the secondary process, the deodorizing agent can be less polluted, and the primary process of the malodorous gas is performed with inexpensive water.What you can doIn combination with this, the running cost of the deodorizing treatment can be significantly reduced. In addition, when replacing the deodorant, the housing containing the deodorant was configured so that it could be pulled out and taken out from the deodorant storage tank, so that the deodorizer was continuously operated for replacement work. This is convenient because it can be done quickly and easily.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing the configuration of an organic waste treatment apparatus.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an organic waste treatment apparatus.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal front view of an organic waste treatment tank.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a stirring means.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a mounting state of a stirring blade.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a deodorizing apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the deodorizing apparatus of the present invention.
8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion P in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
  A organic waste treatment equipment
  1 Waste treatment tank
  2 Stirring means
  3 Heating means
  4 Air supply means
  5 Air discharge means
  6 Watering means
  9 Input port
  11 Discharge port
  19 Stir bar
  20 Stirring blade
  27 Deodorizing device
  29 Exhaust pipe
  40 containers
  41 Aeration tank
  42 Cylinder
  49 Air layer
  51 Deodorant storage tank
  52-54 housing
  56 Deodorant
  59Odor transfer speed control device
  60 exhaust hood
  a Fine gap

Claims (2)

固形状の有機廃棄物を好気性微生物群による分解によって醗酵処理する装置において、前記有機廃棄物を醗酵処理する廃棄物処理槽と連通する排気管の先端に、所定量の樹脂製の小径な球体同士を接着させて微細間隙を不規則に、かつ、所定数点在させた状態で有底筒状に成形加工して取付けた悪臭ガス散出用の散気筒と、この散気筒を水中に没入して悪臭ガスや悪臭成分を含む水分を水中に排出させて悪臭ガスに含まれる悪臭成分を１次処理する曝気タンク部と、この曝気タンク部の上部に前記曝気タンク部から排出される臭気を分散させてその移動速度を抑制する中空球体を多数籠体に収容して構成した臭気移動速度抑制装置を内蔵した空気層と、この空気層を介して曝気タンク部から漏出する臭気を物理的に吸着させる脱臭剤を充填して前記臭気を２次処理して脱臭する脱臭剤収容タンク部と、更に、前記曝気タンク部および脱臭剤収容タンク部とを、内部に前記空気層を介して一つの容器にて一体的に構成したことを特徴とする有機廃棄物処理装置における脱臭装置。In an apparatus for fermenting solid organic waste by decomposition with aerobic microorganisms , a small-diameter sphere made of a predetermined amount of resin at the tip of an exhaust pipe communicating with a waste treatment tank for fermenting the organic waste Sprinkle cylinder for malodorous gas that is molded and attached into a bottomed cylindrical shape with a minute number of minute gaps adhering to each other irregularly and with a predetermined number of points, and this powder cylinder is immersed in water Then, an aeration tank unit that discharges moisture containing malodorous gases and malodorous components into the water to primarily treat malodorous components contained in the malodorous gas, and an odor discharged from the aeration tank unit above the aeration tank unit. An air layer with a built-in odor moving speed suppressing device configured by housing a number of hollow spheres that are dispersed to suppress the moving speed in a housing, and the odor leaking from the aeration tank through the air layer is physically filled with deodorant adsorbing A deodorant containing tank unit to deodorize and secondary treatment of the odor, further, the said aeration tank and deodorant storage tank portion, and integrally formed at one of the container via the air layer inside The deodorizing apparatus in the organic waste processing apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. 前記脱臭剤収容タンク部は、脱臭剤を充填した筐体を複数段積層するとともに、これら各筐体を容器に個別に出し入れ可能に収容して構成し、更に、前記筐体を複数段に、かつ、出し入れ可能に収容した容器は、上方端を開放し、その開放部に排気口を微細な網目を備えた通気性に富む被覆部材にて閉鎖した排気フードを被着して構成したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の有機廃棄物処理装置における脱臭装置。The deodorant storage tank unit is configured by laminating a plurality of casings filled with a deodorizing agent, and accommodating each casing so as to be able to be individually put in and out of a container. In addition, the container accommodated so as to be able to be taken in and out is configured by attaching an exhaust hood whose upper end is opened and whose exhaust port is closed with a breathable covering member having a fine mesh. The deodorization apparatus in the organic waste disposal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
JP2000031868A 2000-02-09 2000-02-09 Deodorization equipment in organic waste treatment equipment Expired - Fee Related JP3657841B2 (en)

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