JP3114046B2 - Algae treatment equipment for ponds etc. - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the treatment of microalgae, such as blue-green algae, which disturb the beauty of natural ponds and artificial ponds in parks and resorts, and large algae, such as benthic algae and large floating algae, by fish and daphnia. The present invention relates to an apparatus for purifying water by performing predation processing by zooplankton.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In lakes and marshes in the natural world, macroalgae such as benthic algae and large floating algae are usually preyed by fish such as carp and crucian carp, and microalgae such as blue-green algae that remain without predation by fish are daphnia such as daphnia. Predation by zooplankton does not result in large numbers of blue-green algae. However, in practice, these zooplankton such as daphnia are also predated by fish, so in lakes and marshes where these zooplankton and fish coexist, zooplankton such as daphnia may be significantly reduced by fish predation, It is considered that this is one of the causes of the occurrence of a large amount of blue-green algae.

[0003] The applicant of the present invention has proposed a device for removing microalgae such as blue-green algae and macroalgae such as filamentous algae in a pond, in which a fish from which macroalgae such as filamentous algae are to be eaten is released. A water treatment tank in which water containing microalgae such as blue water algae in the pond and metabolites of fish generated by predation is fed from the pond, and a water treatment tank in which zooplankton such as daphnia to be preyed on the microalgae are grown. A tank to which water containing metabolites and the like generated by the predation is fed from the water processing tank, and a biofilm-type septic tank filled with a filler that has grown aerobic microorganisms on its surface, A treatment device comprising means for circulating the treated water of the septic tank to the pond was proposed (Japanese Utility Model Application No. 4-88550).

[0004] However, the apparatus proposed above has a drawback that the entire apparatus becomes large and the equipment cost increases because it has an independent water treatment tank and a biofilm type septic tank.
Moreover, since the water-blowing tank is simply releasing daphnia without providing a submerged culture material in the tank, the density of the water flea in the tank is low, and the ability to treat blue-green algae is also low. In order to provide the water processing ability, a large water processing tank is required, and the drawback of increasing the size of the apparatus is further promoted.

In order to grow daphnia at a high density in the water treatment tank, it is necessary to increase the concentration of oxygen in the water for respiration of the water flea. Conventionally, air is directly introduced into the water of the water tank. The so-called direct backing method of feeding is used, but in this method, a violent water flow occurs due to the rise of bubbles in the tank, which significantly suppresses the growth of daphnia that is originally extremely weak to the flow of water, There was also a problem that the density of Daphnia in the inside was further reduced.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The first invention of the present application aims at miniaturization of the entire apparatus, and as a means for solving the problem, there are fish, shellfish, metazoans, crustaceans and the like which should prey on large algae. A pond from which one or more species are released, and a tank to which water containing microalgae such as algae and organic matter due to metabolites remaining without being eaten in the pond is supplied from the pond. Inside, a filler is provided that has a wide variety of interspersed microscopic gaps to allow water to flow, and zooplankton such as daphnia to prey on microalgae such as blue water and aerobic microorganisms to treat the organic matter and the like Proposes an algae treatment apparatus such as a pond, which comprises a treatment tank for algae and the like coexisting with the filler and means for circulating the treated water of the treatment tank for algae and the like to the pond.

[0007]

According to the first invention of the present invention, in particular, regarding the treatment tank for water blooms and the like, when daphnia and the like are inhabiting at a normal density,
The treatment of water moss and the like by water flea is almost in equilibrium with the treatment of organic matter and the like by microorganisms.If the water larva etc. proliferate abnormally, the treatment of water larva etc. is actively performed, but the water flea etc. prey on the microorganisms, and as a result Processing of organic substances and the like will be reduced. However, when the concentration of the organic substance or the like increases due to the decrease in the treatment of the organic substance or the like, the activity of daphnia decreases, and the proliferation of the daphnia is suppressed. As a result, the microorganisms proliferate to activate the treatment of the organic substance or the like. As the concentration of the organic matter and the like decreases, the density of the daphnia and the like returns to the normal density, whereby the treatment of the water maggot and the like with the daphnia and the like and the treatment of the organic matter and the like with the microorganism return to an almost equilibrium state.

[0008] The second invention of the present application is directed to the water tank of the first invention for replenishing the daphnia or the like to the filler when the water or the like is abnormally decreased or when the water or the like grows abnormally. As a means for solving the problem, an overflow spill is provided at the upper end of the treatment tank for algae or the like in the first invention, and the overflow treated water from the overflow seki is supplied to the pond. The present invention proposes an apparatus for treating algae such as a pond, in which a floating plant having a thread-like portion where zooplankton such as daphnia is easily inhabited is floated on the water surface in the treatment tank such as a blue water.

The third invention of the present application aims at safely supplying air to daphnia and the like and aerobic microorganisms by suppressing the generation of a violent water flow. A back tank is set up on the side via an overflow block, air is directly pumped from the above pond into the water overflowing into the back tank, and the water supplied with the air is supplied to the treatment tank for blue-green algae and the like. The present invention proposes an apparatus for treating algae such as a pond.

In the first invention of the present application, the "fish" to be preyed on by the macroalgae include loach, corydoras, catfish, otocinurus and the like as benthic fish, carp, crucian carp, goldfish and the like as omnivorous fish. Apple Snail,
There are Kawanina, Himetanishi, Monomurai, Raven mussel, Crab mussel, Smelt mussel and the like, "Metamorphic animals" include worms and creatures, and "Crustaceans" include prawns and crabs.

As the zooplankton such as daphnia, daphnia and rotifers are used.

As the "filler" for the processing tank for water bloom, etc., a fiber-interplex (preferably a fiber interlinkage) comprising a large number of fine fibers interspersed at random with each other so as to have fine gaps interspersed among the fibers. The thickness of the fiber is 10 to 80μ), a non-woven fabric of a thin fiber, a coarse cloth, a raised cloth, a net or the like wound with a thin fiber, or a polymer obtained by polymerizing a plurality of the sheets.
Various materials such as those obtained by fastening a large number of fine fibers to a core rod, gravel, crushed stone, and honeycombs made of synthetic resin are used. In this case, the porosity of the filler is about 50% or more, preferably 8%.
It is good to make it 0% or more. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0013]

In FIG. 1, in an artificial pond (1), loach and catfish as benthic fish, carp, crucian carp, goldfish as omnivorous fish, and lime clam, mussel, numa mussel as shellfish.
Release earthworms and worms as metazoans, respectively.
A back tank (3) is connected to one side of the pond (1) via an overflow (2), and the pond (1) and the back tank (3) are connected.
In each of the waters, air supply pipes (5) and (6) are respectively extended deeply into the water from a blower (4) installed on the ground to directly supply air.

On a support (7) provided on one side of the pond (1), a processing tank (8) having a cylindrical shape with an open upper end is vertically installed with its axis being vertical. Tank (8)
The wire meshes (9) and (10) are stretched at a position appropriately below the upper surface of the tank body and at a position appropriately above the lower surface, respectively. A filler (11) consisting of a fiber-cross-complex having micro gaps interspersed between fibers at random by intermingling ultra-fine polyester fibers with a size of about 50μ with each other at a distance of up to about 20 cm below the water surface up to the lower bottom. Filling is carried out at a filling factor of 100% so that the water and the fiber complex are brought into contact with each other in a sufficiently uniform manner. Daphnia inhabits each minute gap of the filler (11), and aerobic microorganisms grow on the surface of each fiber.

A raw water distributor (12) is disposed immediately below the lower wire mesh (10). The raw water supply pipe (1) having one end inserted into the water of the back tank (3) is disposed in the distributor (12). 13) is a raw water supply pump (14)
And the other end of the tube via a strainer (15). A space below the distributor (12) is a sedimentation chamber (16), and a sludge discharger (17) is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber. A sludge pipe (18) is connected to the distributor.

At the upper end of the treatment tank (8), an annular overflow groove (20) is formed via an annular overflow ring (19), and a treated water supply pipe having one end connected to the overflow groove (20). (2
The other end of 1) is connected to the lower part of a pH adjustment tank (22) filled with coral stone, limestone, shellfish, etc., and the adjustment tank (2) is connected.
2) Adjusted treated water return pipe (23) connected to the upper part of
In the pond (1).

Further, a floating plant Wolfia (24) having a large number of fine thread-like roots is floated on the water surface in the water tank (8), and daphnia is inhabited in the thread-like roots to provide a reserve safe water habitat for Daphnia magna. An area is formed.

The operation of the above example will now be described. In the ponds (1) where benthic algae, large floating algae and blue-green algae were generated, benthic algae are predated by benthic fish such as loach, metamorphosed fish such as clams and worms, and large floating algae are preyed by omnivorous fish such as carp. . Here, the N and P components in the water are absorbed by the algae, and the metabolites and the like of each underwater animal are discharged into the water as organic compounds. By driving the pump (14), the water in the back tank (3) is pumped into the treatment tank (8) through the raw water supply pipe (13) and into the treatment tank (8), and then the treated water supply pipe (21) from the overflow groove (20). When water is circulated in the pond (1) through the pH adjustment tank (22) and the adjusted treated water return pipe (23), ammonia that is not preyed in the pond and remains due to the metabolites of the above animals Raw water containing organic matter, such as nitrogen, overflows from the overflow seki (2) into the back tank (3),
Then, air is directly supplied from the air supply pipe (6), and the raw water to which the air has been supplied is pressure-fed to the lower part of the treatment tank (8) through the raw water supply pipe (13), and the fibers of the filler (11) are formed. The water slowly rises while supplying air to the daphnia and microorganisms in the filler through the small gaps, while the water in the raw water is eaten by the daphnia, and organic substances such as N and P are decomposed by the microorganisms and NO ₂ , NO ₃ and PO ₃ . At the same time, metabolites of daphnia or dead clams of daphnia and the exterminated epidermis of daphnia are also decomposed by microorganisms. As described above, daphnia and microorganisms adhere to and inhabit the filler, and the filler sufficiently adheres and captures organic matter, watercress and turbidity in the raw water. It purifies.

In this case, daphnia adheres and inhabits the large surface area of a large number of fibers at a high density, and a large amount of blue water adheres to the surface of the same fiber where the daphnia lives and accumulates in a large amount. Predation is easily carried out, and as the concentration of blue-green algae increases, the predation rate of daphnia tends to be extremely high (several hundred times depending on the concentration). Therefore, the volume of the processing tank (8) can be reduced.

Since the raw water supplied with the air slowly rises in the treatment tank (8), there is no adverse effect on daphnia which is weak in water flow.

When the amount of daphnia in the filler (11) is reduced, or when blue-green algae grows abnormally, etc., the daphnia inhabiting the floating plant (24) is replenished to the filler (11). .

The water treated in the treatment tank (8) is sent through an overflow tank (19), an overflow groove (20) and a treated water supply pipe (21) into an adjustment tank (22) such as a PH. Here, NO ₂ , NO ₃ , and PO ₃ in the treated water are neutralized and bonded to coral stone and the like. Calcium is eluted from the coral stone or the like, and gives nutrients to the underwater animals in the pond (1).

[0023]

According to the apparatus for treating algae such as a pond of the first invention of the present application, compared with a conventional apparatus for treating algae such as water flea and a septic tank using an aerobic microorganism, which is one tank, Since zooplankton such as daphnia and aerobic microorganisms coexist in the filler in the treatment tank, and microalgae such as blue-green algae and organic matter are treated in the treatment tank,
This makes it possible to reduce the size of the entire apparatus and reduce equipment costs.

According to the apparatus for treating algae such as a pond of the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the first aspect, when zooplankton such as daphnia in the filler in the treatment tank is abnormally reduced, microalgae such as blue-green algae are reduced. Daphnia and the like that inhabit floating plants can be replenished when, for example, Daphnia has become more necessary due to abnormal growth, whereby the treatment of microalgae such as blue-green algae can be performed stably.

According to the apparatus for treating algae such as a pond of the third invention of the present application, in addition to the effects of the first invention or the second invention, water supplied with air in advance in a back tank is supplied to a treatment tank for a blue moss. Since the water is slowly circulated in the tank to replenish the air, smooth growth can be maintained without any adverse effect on daphnia or the like which is extremely weak in the flow of water.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially omitted longitudinal front view of the entire apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 pond 2 overflow overflow 3 back tank 6 air supply pipe 8 treatment tank for blue water etc. 11 filling material 13 raw water supply pipe 19 overflow flood 21 treated water supply pipe 24 floating plant Wolfia

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI A01K 67/033 A01K 67/033 C02F 3/06 ZAB C02F 3/06 ZAB (72) Inventor Koichi Maeda 5-Chome Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo No. 5-16 Organo Corporation (56) References JP-A-3-290130 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01K 63/00-63/04

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pond in which one or more species of fish, shellfish, metazoans, crustaceans, etc., which are to prey on macroalgae are released, microalgae such as blue-green algae remaining without predation in the pond, A tank to which water containing organic substances and the like due to metabolites is fed from the pond.In the tank, a filler that allows the flow of water with minute gaps intersecting variously is provided, and Water treatment tank in which zooplankton such as daphnia to prey on microalgae such as blue water and aerobic microorganisms to treat the above organic matter coexist in the filler, and treated water in the water treatment tank for blue water in the pond. An algae treatment device such as a pond, which is configured to circulate. 2. An overflow spill is provided at an upper end of the tank for treating water bloom and the like, and the spilled water from the overflow seki is circulated to the pond. The algae treatment device for a pond or the like according to claim 1, wherein a floating plant having a thread-like portion in which plankton easily lives is floated. 3. A backing tank is installed on one side of the pond via an overflow baffle, and air is directly pressure-fed into water overflowing from the pond into the backing tank. The algae treatment device for pond or the like according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the algae is fed to the treatment tank for blue water and the like.