JP2009060830A - Circulating aquarium and method for breeding fish and shellfish using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a circulating aquarium which is equipped with a mechanism for absorbing organic materials derived from excrement, or the like, of fish and shellfish and can continue breeding of fish and shellfish, over a long time. <P>SOLUTION: The circulating aquarium to circulate and clean the waste water of a breeding tank to rear fish and shellfish is such that a vegetable tank containing a freshwater silicate mineral and growing plants is placed in front of the breeding tank. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a circulating water tank for rearing or aquaculture of seafood.

  The inventors of the present invention have developed a circulating water tank that circulates and reuses wastewater from a water tank suitable for fish and shellfish breeding, particularly on land farming and long-term livestock farming (Patent Document). In general, when fish and shellfish are kept in a water tank for a long period of time, residual food, coarse particles such as waste, fine substances such as dust, and organic matter derived from excrement remain and increase. In addition to a system for filtering coarse particles and fines in water, the present inventors have developed a circulating water tank equipped with a biological filtration tank that decomposes and purifies organic matter by aerobic microorganisms, and the efficiency of breeding seafood A practical and compact circulating water tank has been put into practical use.

Japanese Patent No. 2583495

  However, even if the circulating water tank in the patent document is used, since a small amount of organic matter remains in the water during long-term breeding, it is necessary to periodically change the water tank at a frequency of at least once a month. It was.

  The inventors have conducted intensive research for the purpose of further improving the circulating water tank in order to reduce the risk due to the frequency of this water change and the human error that occurs during the water change. And it came to the point that it is preferable to equip a circulation type water tank with the water quality improvement system provided with a plant very similar to natural seawater and freshwater environment, and came to obtain this invention.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned problems, the following means are selected for the circulating water tank and the method for raising seafood using the same according to the present invention.

  That is, the recirculating aquarium according to claim 1 is a recirculating aquarium that purifies the drainage of a rearing tank for rearing fish and shellfish as circulating water, and provides a plant tank in which fresh water silicate minerals are provided and plants grow. It is provided in front of the tank.

  And in this circulation type water tank, a fresh water silicate mineral propagates aerobic microorganisms in a plant tank, and the plant which uses it as a nutrient grows. Furthermore, by providing the plant tank in front of the breeding tank, even if organic matter remains in the circulating water, it is adsorbed by the plant. Here, plants include grasses and algae, freshwater and seawater.

  The circulating water tank according to claim 2 is characterized in that the silicate mineral is diatomite having pores.

  And in this plant tank, since the surface area of a diatomite is large, the growth rate of an aerobic microorganism is high, a plant flourishes, and the organic matter of circulating water is adsorbed. In addition, diatomite inhabited by the microorganisms and plants plays a role equivalent to rocks in the natural water environment.

  The circulating water tank according to claim 3 is characterized in that a water-permeable floor is provided in the plant tank, the silicate mineral is disposed on the floor, and the circulating water is supplied from the lower part of the floor. And

  In this plant tank, circulating water is evenly supplied to the silicate mineral from under the floor, and a water flow is generated from the bottom to the top of the plant tank, so that the circulating water is dispersed throughout the plant tank.

Further, the circulating water tank according to claim 4 is a fish tank, a first filtration tank for filtering coarse particles in the circulating water, a biological filtration tank for removing organic substances in the circulating water, and the plant tank. And circulating water is circulated in the order of the first filtration tank, the biological filtration tank, the plant tank, and the breeding tank.

  In this circulating water tank, the circulating water is purified from sparse to dense in an independent process, and finally the organic matter in the circulating water can be adsorbed to the plant tank.

  Further, the circulating aquarium according to claim 5 is a circulating aquarium for purifying the drainage of the fish rearing tank as circulating water. It is arranged inside.

  In this circulating water tank, aerobic microorganisms and plants are inhabited inside the breeding tank so that fish can be raised in a natural underwater environment, and organic substances in the circulating water are adsorbed.

  The circulating water tank according to claim 6 is characterized in that the silicate mineral is diatomite having pores.

  And in this plant tank, the growth rate of aerobic microorganisms is high, plants flourish actively, and the circulating water from the breeding tank comes and goes to the plant tank to adsorb organic matter.

  In the circulating water tank according to claim 7, the plant tank is a water passage wall through which the circulating water of the breeding tank flows.

  And in this plant tank, it will be in the state where circulating water will come and go constantly to a breeding tank.

  The circulating water tank according to claim 8 is characterized in that the water passage wall has a gap formed by combining support materials in a well shape.

  And in this plant tank, the said silicate mineral can be arrange | positioned inside and the exterior of the bottom part of a water flow wall, and water flows through a clearance gap.

  Further, the circulating water tank according to claim 9 is configured such that at least the upper part of the biological filtration tank is protruded from the water surface above the plant tank, and an upward water flow is provided from the breeding tank to the biological filtration tank. It is characterized by more overflow.

  And according to this circulation type water tank, the water pressure in a biological filtration tank can be set gently by taking the structure which overflows from the upper part. Furthermore, the circulating water that has flowed down from the biological filtration tank spreads widely in the lower plant tank.

  The circulating water tank according to claim 10 is characterized in that the water passage wall is a partition net.

  In this circulating water tank, the circulating water moves back and forth between the plant tank and the breeding tank through the partition net, and the plant also grows in the partition net.

  In addition, the method for raising seafood according to claim 11 is characterized in that the seafood is bred in a breeding tank using the fishery circulation tank according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

  And in this circulation type aquarium, seafood is bred in the circulation type aquarium provided with a plant tank in which plants adsorbing organic matter are prosperous. Then, fish and shellfish are bred in a circulating water tank that purifies circulating water in an independent process, or in a circulating water tank that has a breeding tank close to the natural environment having plants.

  As described above, according to the circulation type water tank according to claim 1, the plant grows in the plant tank, and the plant consumes residues derived from the excreta in the water as nutrients, and the concentration of organic matter in the water. Can be reduced. Moreover, oxygen is also supplied into water by photosynthesis of plants, and circulating water suitable for breeding can be supplied to the breeding tank. Therefore, the frequency of water change in the rearing of seafood can be significantly reduced to 10 to 20% in the case of a system without a plant tank.

  Further, according to the circulation type water tank according to claim 2, since water passes through the pores of the silicate mineral, dissolved oxygen in the water is easily supplied to the surface of the silicate mineral, and an aerobic microorganism is suitable for the silicate mineral. Therefore, the plant tank can be easily grown.

  Moreover, according to the circulation type water tank which concerns on Claim 3, circulating water can be efficiently sprinkled by the silicate mineral by supplying circulating water with respect to the space of the lower part of a floor | bed. In addition, since the circulating water is supplied to the lower part of the plant tank, the circulating water can be circulated evenly from the lower part to the upper part of the plant tank, and an ascending water flow can be caused.

  Moreover, according to the circulation type water tank which concerns on Claim 4, the coarse particle in water was filtered by the 1st filtration tank, the organic matter in water was removed from the filtered circulating water by the biological filtration tank, and the organic matter was removed. A mechanism is provided in which the circulating water is adsorbed even if organic matter remains in the plant tank, and the circulating water purified in independent processes can be circulated again to the breeding tank.

  Moreover, according to the circulation type water tank which concerns on Claim 5, the plant tank which has the effect of adsorption | suction of organic substance and photosynthesis in a breeding tank can be obtained, and fishery can be reared without stress by the environment close to nature by the overgrowth of a plant Can be.

  Further, according to the circulation type water tank according to claim 6, since microorganisms and plants easily propagate on the porous diatomite, an organic substance removal and adsorption function close to the natural environment can be obtained.

  Moreover, according to the circulation type water tank which concerns on Claim 7, the water quality improvement by the plant of a plant tank or an aerobic microorganism is performed constantly with respect to the circulating water of a breeding tank.

  Moreover, according to the circulation type water tank which concerns on Claim 8, the abundant plant habitat space which is easy to be exposed to the purified water from a biological filtration tank by providing a silicate mineral inside a water flow wall is provided. be able to. Furthermore, the cross-girder shape is a structure that can be easily made and installed, so that a water-permeable wall that can withstand the weight of the biological filtration tank can be obtained with sufficient space for water flow.

  Further, according to the circulating water tank according to claim 9, because of the structure overflowing from the biological filtration tank, the water flow in the biological filtration tank can be moderated, so that purification by microorganisms is performed over time, There is little clogging of the biological filtration tank. In addition, the circulating water that has undergone biological filtration by the biological filtration tank moves to the plant tank, and the remaining organic matter is adsorbed.

  Moreover, according to the circulation type water tank which concerns on Claim 10, circulating water can go back and forth constantly between a breeding tank and a plant tank because of the water flow structure of a partition network. In addition, organic matter can be adsorbed to plants grown on the partition net.

  Further, according to the circulation type aquarium according to claim 11, the health of the seafood is maintained by the water quality purified by the independent process of the seafood, or the stress of the seafood is less due to the environment close to natural seawater or fresh water. Therefore, it is not necessary to frequently change water and can be reared safely for a long time.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with specific examples. 1 to 3 show the embodiment (1). FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a circulating water tank, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a plant tank at the time of installation, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the plant tank at the time of use.

  The circulating water tank 100 includes a breeding tank 1000 for breeding or aquaculture of seafood, a first filtration tank 2 connected to drainage from the breeding tank 1000, and a biological filtration tank 4 connected to drainage from the first filtration tank 2. The plant tank 1 is connected between the biological filtration tank 4 and the breeding tank 1000. In this case, the bubble generation tank 3 and the second filtration tank 5 can be provided in front of the biological filtration tank 4.

  The plant tank 1 has a box shape in which the plant tank body 10 has a side wall 101 and a bottom 102, and a fresh water silicate mineral 11 is installed on the bottom 102. As the silicate mineral 11, diatomite 11 </ b> A is used and disposed on a water-permeable floor 16 provided so that a gap 12 is formed on the bottom 102 of the plant tank 1. A pipe 17 for supplying circulating water to the gap 12 and a bubble supply device 14 are schematically provided.

First, the freshwater silicate mineral 11 will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 2, the fresh water silicate mineral 11 is preferably porous, and more preferably has a large number of pores 111 communicating from one surface to the other surface. In particular, the micropores have a diameter of about 5 to 50 μm, preferably about 5 to 15 μm, the number of pores per surface area of the mineral is about 0.5 to 1.0 × 10 ⁴ / mm ² , and from one of the silicate minerals to the other. It is desirable to include a lot of tunnel-like things that lead to.

  As the silicate mineral 11, a fresh water diatomite 11A is used. Diatomite includes what is commonly called diatomite and diatomite in small-sized ones. The fresh water diatomite 11A is produced in a lake on land and the like, and contains 50% by weight or more of silicate. The diatomite 11A is preferably about 5 to 30 mm in diameter. The silica component (including silica gel) of this diatomite is excellent in adsorptivity and adsorbs heavy metals such as cadmium, mercury, zinc and phosphorus floating in water.

  The fresh water diatomite 11A has a low sodium chloride concentration of about 3% by weight, and therefore is preferably used without increasing the salinity of circulating water so much. On the other hand, seawater diatomite is not preferable even when seawater is processed because the sodium chloride concentration is generally as high as 15 to 16% by weight and the salt concentration is increased. In addition, even if a seawater thing partly mixes in 11 A of freshwater diatomite, it can be used for the plant tank 1, but it is preferable that the freshwater diatomite 11A is 90 weight% or more.

  The total amount of the diatomite 11A is preferably determined by predicting the water quality improvement ability of the plant tank 1 according to the capacity of the breeding tank 1000 and the breeding scale of the seafood. In the example shown in the figure, silicate rock 11A having a weight of about 20 to 25% of the volume of the plant tank 1 is used.

  It is desirable that the diatomite 11A is deposited with a certain thickness in anticipation of a thickness that provides an optimal growth state of the plant. For example, thick deposits increase the growth of aerobic microorganisms and the amount of plants, but there is no light in the lower silicate mineral. In FIG. 2, several layers of diatomite 11A having a diameter of 5 to 30 mm are stacked on the water-permeable floor 16 of the plant tank 1 so as to have a thickness of 20 to 25 cm.

  On the other hand, for example, when the plant tank 1 has a structure in which the circulating water is not supplied from the lower part, the circulating silicate mineral may not be supplied to the lower silicate mineral even if it is thickly deposited. It is desirable to deposit. In addition, the thickness and amount of depositing the silicate mineral 11 can be adjusted according to the ratio and type of grasses and algae that are desired to grow.

  Next, the water-permeable floor 16 is fine enough that the diatomite 11A does not pass through it, and is not clogged with dust such as fine particles from the circulating water, fine plants in the plant tank 1 and the remains of microorganisms. The size of is required. In the example shown in the figure, the water-permeable floor 16 uses a nylon net having a roughness of 2 to 3 mm.

  The water-permeable floor 16 is installed on a filter receiver 103 protruding in a frame shape on the side wall 101 of the plant tank body 10. The filter receiver 103 holds the water-permeable floor 16 so that the gap 12 is formed in the lower part, and the circulating water supplied from the lower part can pass therethrough. In the figure, the filter receiving frame 104 is fitted with a wooden slatted filter receiver 105 having a roughness of 2 to 3 cm. A water-permeable floor 16 is installed above the filter tray 105.

  Next, the pipe 17 is passed to the gap 12 below the water-permeable floor 16 and communicates with the pipe 31 through the water inlet 106 of the plant tank body 10. The pipe 17 is provided with a hole 18, and circulating water is pumped from the pipe 31 by the pump 9. The drainage port 107 is provided in the upper part of the side wall 102 and communicates with the pipe 32.

  The plant tank body 10 preferably has a sufficient capacity to continuously process the circulating water according to the scale of breeding. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the plant tank has a rectangular parallelepiped shape around 2-3 kL with respect to a breeding tank having a capacity of 50 to 100 t, but any capacity and shape can be selected according to the installation conditions. It is preferable that the plant tank main body 10 is light transmissive in whole or in part so that photosynthesis of plants is possible. The material used is glass, acrylic, FRP, or other resin product with high transparency. In addition, in order to improve the mechanical strength of the plant tank main body 10, the plant tank main body 10 can also be reinforced with metals or alloys, such as aluminum or stainless steel, Furthermore, the plant tank main body 10 is made of the said metal or alloy. Forming and lighting to illuminate the plant tank 1 can also be formed.

  A bubble supply device 14 is provided inside the plant tank 1. As the bubble supply device 14, a pump that generates fine bubbles is most preferable. However, even if a pump is not directly installed inside the plant tank 1, a fine bubble that sends air directly through a pipe from an externally installed air pump or the like is used. It is also possible to supply bubbles by means of feeding the accompanying water flow.

  In the example shown in the figure, an aeration pump that generates fine bubbles is provided as a bubble supply device 14 together with a stand or the like that can hold the position. The aeration pump is provided at a position where air bubbles can be supplied to the diatomite 11 </ b> A through the circulating water in the plant tank body 10. In the example shown in the figure, the filter receiver 103 is provided at substantially the center so that the bubbles are dispersed throughout the plant tank 1.

  Next, the breeding tank 1000 can be selected according to the scale and type of the breeding of seafood. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the breeding tank 1000 is provided with a partition 108 and used for breeding a plurality of kinds of seafood. The breeding method in this embodiment is a method that can obtain conditions closer to natural seawater due to its high purification effect, and is therefore particularly effective in breeding multiple species whose conditions are difficult to adjust.

  The filtration tanks 2A and 2B constituting the first filtration tank 2 are configured to have a built-in mesh structure with a size capable of removing a large amount of coarse particles such as fish and shellfish excrement in the drainage and food waste. A mesh hole diameter shall be about 0.1-2.0 mm, for example. Next to the filtration tanks 2A and 2B, an overflow double pipe 20 for adjusting the water level and removing coarse particles can be provided.

  The bubble generation tank 3 can generate ultrafine bubbles by a cavitation effect or the like and supply a large amount of oxygen to the circulating water. In addition, it can also take the form integrated by integrating the bubble generation tank 3 in the 1st filtration tank 2 as needed.

  Circulating water is pumped by the second circulation pump 91 to the second filtration tanks 5A and 5B. The second filtration tanks 5A and 5B use a finer mesh filter than the first filtration tank 2 to remove microorganisms.

  The biological filtration tank 4 is for removing organic substances in water after oxygen is supplied and fine substances are removed. The biological filtration tank 4 is formed of one or several kinds of coarse mesh materials that are easy to propagate aerobic microorganisms and have a constant thickness. The filter medium 40 is stacked in multiple stages inside the main body. As the filter medium 40, the same fresh water diatomite 11A as that used in the plant tank 1 is particularly suitable as a material that makes it easy to propagate aerobic microorganisms in the pores. In addition, other silicate minerals and materials such as porous ceramics and activated carbon that can easily propagate microorganisms can also be used in combination.

  The circulating water treated in the biological filtration tank 4 is configured to be supplied to the plant tank 1 through the pipes 30 and 31, the valve 21, and the pump 9.

  The circulating water treated in the plant tank 1 is configured to be able to be supplied to the breeding tank 1000 through the pipe 32 and the valve 22.

  Furthermore, a pipe 33 and a valve 23 are bypass-connected to the plant tank 1 for exchanging water.

  A cooling device 7 and a pH adjusting tank 8 can be added between the plant tank 1 and the breeding tank 1000. These are mainly for adjusting the conditions to be close to the water in the breeding tank 1000 when returning the circulating water to the breeding tank 1000 because the circulating water is drawn out of the breeding tank 1000. The cooling tank can be accompanied by a sterilizer and an oxygen supply device.

  The circulating water is supplied from the pipe 34 to the edge of the breeding tank 1000 so as to be circulated, and can be supplied to the center of the breeding tank through the pipe 35.

  Next, the function of the plant tank 1 will be described. Circulating water from the breeding tank contains organic matter derived from uneaten food, seafood excrement and the like.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the plant tank 1 is used by supplying natural seawater or fresh water to the plant tank body 10, and adding bubbles 15 to the water with the bubble supply device 14 and leaving it to stand.

  When placed in this state, aerobic microorganisms 112 derived from seawater or fresh water propagate in the outer surface of the diatomite 11A and in the pores 111. In particular, in the example shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 3, since the diatomite 11 having the pore 111 communicating with the other surface is used, the dissolved oxygen is supplied into the pore 111 by the water flow 113 in the diatomite. In addition, the aerobic microorganism 112 becomes movable. Therefore, the aerobic microorganism 112 is more effectively propagated on the surface of the diatomite 11A.

  In this state, for example, by leaving it for about a week, the nutrients include aerobic microorganisms 112 generated in the diatomite 11A and organic matter in the circulating water based on grass, algae seeds, and spores contained in the water. Grasses 13A and algae 13B breed on diatomite 11A. In the circulating water that has passed through the plant tank 1 in this state, organic matter is adsorbed by the propagation of the grass 13A or the algae 13B. Furthermore, the grass 13A or the algae 13B has an effect of producing water quality suitable for fishery by performing photosynthesis and supplying oxygen to the circulating water. In order to rapidly propagate the plant 13, it is possible to use a diatomite 11A in which aerobic microorganisms 112 have been propagated in advance.

  Since the seeds of the grass 13A or the spores of the algae 13B are contained in natural seawater or fresh water, the propagation of the grass 13A and the algae 13B within the plant tank 1 is not required even if seeds or spores are added. Can begin. It is also possible to add seeds of grass 13A or spores of algae 13B as described below in order to propagate grass 13A or algae 13B more quickly.

  The grass 13A may be either seaweed or freshwater grass, but it blooms, makes seeds and propagates. Examples of seaweed include Sugamo, Amamo, Cooma, and Itomo, and examples of freshwater grass include Anubius Nana, Rotara Indica, Screw Ballsneria, Water Wisteria, Pygmy Chain Sagittalia, Willow Moss.

  Algae 13B may be either sea algae or freshwater algae, but refers to algae, which does not bloom and grows by spores. Examples of seaweed include green algae Aosa, Aonori, brown algae kombu, wakame, hijiki, mozuku, red algae Asakusa Nori, proboscis and the like, and freshwater algae include cyanobacteria, diatoms, green algae, and flagellates.

  As the type of the grass 13A or the algae 13B, those that breed at about 15 to 20 ° C. corresponding to a general fish breeding temperature of about 18 to 20 ° C. are preferable.

  The aerobic microorganism 112 inhabiting the diatomite 11A necessary for the propagation of the grass 13A or the algae 13B is also propagated by the organic matter derived from the air bubbles 15 supplied from the air bubble supply device 14, the excrement of seafood, etc. In addition to helping the plant 13 to grow, it also maintains the cleansing action of the microorganisms themselves.

  In this embodiment (1), since the circulating water is supplied to the plant tank 1 through the water-permeable floor 16 and a water flow from the lower part to the upper part of the plant tank 1 is generated, the circulating water is First, the diatomite 11 </ b> A is subjected to the action of aerobic microorganisms and plants 13. Further, the circulating water is uniformly supplied to the arranged silicate mineral 11, and the action of the aerobic microorganisms and the plant 13 by the diatomite 11A can be efficiently exhibited.

  In addition to encouraging the growth of aerobic microorganisms 112 in the plant tank 1 by generating fine bubbles, the bubble supply device 14 increases the amount of dissolved oxygen in the bottom of the water, subdivides the water cluster molecules, Adjusting pH and degrading sludge and blue sea urchin by the effect of negatively charged hydroxyl ions, eliminating water mass of drought and eliminating so-called red tides, eliminating parasites of seafood It also plays a role such as prevention, and does not need to rely on medicinal baths.

  Next, the function of the circulating water tank 100 will be described. Since the waste water from the breeding tank 1000 is supplied to the first filtration tank 2A or 2B by the first circulation pump 90, coarse particles such as eating residue are mostly removed. By providing two first filtration tanks 2A and 2B, maintenance of the first filtration tank is facilitated. Next, the water level adjustment of the water tank and the removal of the coarse particles are performed by the overflow of the double pipe 20.

  The circulating water from the first filtration tank 2A or 2B is supplied with oxygen in the bubble generation tank 3. The dissolved oxygen is desirably saturated enough for aerobic microorganisms that perform biological filtration. At that time, oil and organic substances are removed in addition to fine substances at the interface by the bubbles. About 30 to 40% of organic substances are removed.

  Circulating water from the bubble generation tank 3 is supplied to the second filtration tank 5A or 5B as necessary. Fine matter is removed in the second filtration tank 5A or 5B.

  In the biological filtration tank 4, the dissolved water is consumed in the circulating water by the aerobic microorganisms of the filter medium 40, and organic substances such as ammonia are processed.

  After circulating water passes through the biological filtration tank 4, organic matter is further adsorbed by the plant tank 1, and oxygen is supplied by photosynthesis.

  Further, oxygen is supplied together with cooling sterilization by the cooling device 7, and at the same time, the pH adjustment tank 8 returns to the breeding water tank 1 again as an optimum pH state.

  In this embodiment, the arrangement of the tanks having each purification function removes coarse particles and fine particles, ammonia, etc. from the circulating water in order of the remaining organic matter, so that each action can be exhibited to the maximum. It has become.

  In particular, since the plant tank 1 is provided immediately after the biological filtration tank 4, circulating water that has been decomposed by aerobic microorganisms in the biological filtration tank 4 is supplied, and the plants in the plant tank 1 flourish actively. . Here, it is considered that an organic substance that has been adsorbed to plants by the action of microorganisms is also adsorbed to plants as nutrients.

  Moreover, since the plant tank 1 is provided at the end and water with increased transparency is supplied, it is also preferable in that photosynthesis of plants is actively performed. In addition, the plant tank 1 is provided in front of the breeding tank, and the circulating water treated in the plant tank 1 is preferable for the growth of fish and shellfish because organic matter is adsorbed and contains a lot of oxygen.

  In addition, the circulation type water tank of the present invention is generally used for the breeding of seafood such as for the purpose of aquaculture, which is aquaculture on land as a main industrial application purpose, and for the purpose of relatively long-term animal breeding. Can be widely used.

  In this embodiment, the freshwater diatomite 11A is used as the freshwater silicate mineral 11, but other silicate minerals include olivine, granite, feldspar, sedimentary rock, igneous rock, and the like.

  As a method of supplying circulating water to the plant tank 1 so as to spread from the lower part of the plant tank 1 to the silicate mineral 11 without using the water-permeable floor 16, one or a plurality of pipes 18 and the bottom of the plant tank 1 are provided. There is also a means of burying the silicate mineral 11 directly in the stacked layer so as to stretch around the bottom.

  In addition to the installation of the fresh water silicate mineral 11, the plant tank 1 can also be provided with olivine 19 so that various ions can be supplied to the circulating water. The olivine 19 preferably has a size of about 50 mm to a powder that does not pass through the filter 16 and passes through a sieve of 325 mesh (aperture: 45 μm).

  Olivine has a high emissivity of far infrared rays, and its growing light promotes plant photosynthesis and promotes an increase in calcium ions. The main component of this olivine contains iron, alumina, magnesium, etc. in a well-balanced manner, and these are supplied to the circulating water. In addition to silicon from silicate minerals, these minerals play a beneficial role in grass and algae growth and life activities. In addition, the supply of minerals to the circulating water can be expected to be effective as nutrition for the fish and shellfish to be bred. In addition to olivine, basalt, graphite silica, tourmaline, quartz, or silica can be used.

  4 and 5 show the embodiment (2). FIG. 4 is a plan view of a circulating water tank with a built-in plant tank in which the plant tank is provided inside the breeding tank, and FIG. 5 is a side view of the A-A ′ cross section. In addition, since the same code | symbol as FIGS. 1-3 shows an equivalent part, duplication description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The plant tank built-in circulation water tank 120 is generally composed of a seafood breeding tank 1000 and a built-in plant tank 50 arranged inside the breeding tank. The breeding tank 1000 can be provided with a first filtration tank 2 connected to drainage and a bubble generation tank 3 connected to drainage from the first filtration tank 2.

  First, the built-in plant tank 50 is provided with a diatomite 11A, and is a cross-shaped structure having a gap 124 by combining support materials 122 and 123 in a well shape as a water flow wall through which the circulating water of the breeding tank 1000 flows. It has 121. The biological filtration tank 4 is provided in the upper part of the plant tank 50 so that at least the upper part protrudes from the water surface, and a water flow 125 overflowing from the upper part is generated in the biological filtration tank 4. A partition net 126 is also provided as a water flow wall.

  The water flow wall is referred to as a water permeable structure constituting the built-in plant tank 50. Providing a structure for arranging the silicate mineral 11, a structure for growing the plant, a structure for dividing the built-in plant tank 50 in the breeding tank so that it can grow without interference from the seafood that the plant breeds. However, in any case, it is necessary to have a water-permeable structure so that the circulating water in the breeding tank constantly flows to and from the built-in plant tank 50 and the water quality is improved.

  In the example shown in the figure, a cross-girder-like structure 121 is first arranged in the built-in plant tank 50 as a water flow wall. The cross-girder-like structure 121 is configured such that a gap 1203 is formed by alternately stacking two vertical support members 122 and horizontal support members 123 made of metal prisms painted waterproof. One or a plurality of the cross-girder-like structures 121 can be provided in the built-in plant tank 50, and it is desirable to select according to the purification capacity of the built-in plant tank 50 according to the scale of breeding. In the example shown in the figure, it is installed at two locations.

  The diatomite 11 </ b> A is disposed on the inner floor surface surrounded by the support members 122 and 123 of the cross-girder-like structure 121 and the outer floor surface around the cross-girder-like structure 121. In the example shown in the figure, in consideration of the distance from the water surface when long seaweeds are prosperous, they are arranged only on the floor surface and the lowermost support member 123 of the cross-girder structure 121. The diatomite 11 </ b> A is disposed on the outer floor surface around the well-like structure 121 within a range surrounded by the prosperous fence 126.

  The cross-girder-like structure 121 can be made of resin, metal, concrete, or the like, and has a similar effect other than the cross-girder. It can also be configured in a shape such as a rectangular parallelepiped with many holes, and is selected from strength, water permeability and the like according to the weight of the biological filtration tank 4 and the scale of the breeding tank 1000.

  The biological filtration tank 4 provided on the upper side of the built-in plant tank 50 is configured such that the water biologically filtered in the biological filter tank 4 flows down into the built-in plant tank 50. The opening part should just be above the water surface 127, and even if the biological filtration tank 4 whole is on the water, only the upper part may protrude. A pump 92 that draws circulating water from the breeding tank 1000 through the lower part of the biological filtration tank 4 and generates an upward water flow in the biological filtration tank 4 is disposed on the floor of the built-in plant tank 50.

  Next, a partition net 126 that is another water flow wall is arranged from the water bottom to the water surface so as to surround the outer periphery of the cross-girder-like structure 121. The partition net 126 passes circulating water but does not allow seafood to pass through. The built-in plant tank 50 is separated from a part where the seafood moves around or a part where shellfish breeding or fish spawning is performed, and at the same time the plants are densely packed. The purpose is to allow them to grow without being interfered by seafood. However, a configuration in which the partition net 126 is not provided in the built-in plant tank 50 is possible depending on the scale of the breeding tank 1000 and the like. Moreover, the structure which arrange | positions the diatomite 11A also in the exterior of the prosperous fence 1000 which provides the partition net | network 126 only in part is also possible.

  In addition to resin and fine metal nets and meshes, the partition net 126 is entangled with fiber nets and meshes, hemp, cotton, smoked ropes, etc. based on metal, resin, wooden fences and fences. Can also be used. Depending on the size of the seafood to be bred, the mesh of the Shigeru Fence should only be selected so that it does not pass through the seafood. The size of the eyes is slightly smaller than the size of the seafood to be bred. About this is preferably used. The size of the eye can be selected from about 1 to 12 cm, and preferably 5 to 10 cm.

  In the example shown in the figure, the partition net 126 is a fishing net knitted with synthetic fiber stranded rope and installed in a water tank with a float 129. The position of the float 129 is held by a weight 130 submerged in the bottom of the breeding tank 1000. In the example shown in the figure, the fish net is made of nylon and has an eye size of about 5 cm.

  In the example shown in the drawing, an aeration pump that generates fine bubbles is arranged around the cross-girder structure 121 in the bubble supply device 14. Instead of this aeration pump, it is also possible to supply bubbles by means such as sending air or water flow with fine bubbles directly through the pipe.

  In this embodiment (2), the circulating water drawn from the breeding tank 1000 by the pump 92 flows out from the opening 41 at the top of the biological filtration tank 4 and circulates. At this time, the circulating water in the breeding tank 1000 containing organic matter derived from fish excrement and the like is sufficiently supplied with oxygen by the bubbles generated from the bubble supply device 14 and is sucked into the biological filtration tank 4. . Therefore, aerobic microorganisms in the biological filtration tank 4 are actively propagated, the growth is activated, and organic biological filtration is also actively performed.

  Further, the circulating water in the biological filtration tank 4 flows into the surrounding unit in the breeding tank 1000 as a water flow 125. Therefore, the biologically filtered circulating water is sufficiently distributed to the surrounding area, in particular, to the diatomite 11 </ b> A disposed around the well-like structure 121.

  As shown in FIG. 6, when left in this state, plants 13 are propagated on the diatomite 11 </ b> A using organic matter in biologically filtered circulating water based on the seeds and spores contained in the water as nutrients. To do. Furthermore, seeds and spores adhere to the partition net 126, and the plant 13 grows due to nutrients in the circulating water.

  In addition, it is also possible to allow plants and plants to grow quickly by allowing grasses and algae to proliferate in advance on the diatomite 11A and the partition net 126, or by attaching seeds and spores thereof at the time of arrangement. . In that case, it is desirable to predict the water quality according to the type of fish to be cultivated, and to select the type of plant and the amount to grow.

  At this time, the grass or algae in the partition net 126 can serve as a spawning ground for fish, and fry can be hatched and bred. Since the partition net 126 uses a fishing net, the grasses and algae that grow prosperously move by the water current in the breeding tank 1000 in the same manner as in the ocean current. In addition, the synthetic fiber stranded rope has many irregularities, so that grass roots and algae are easy to settle, and fish is easy to lay eggs. Furthermore, simultaneously with the breeding of fish, it becomes possible to breed shellfish such as abalone and juveniles.

  In addition, by using this breeding tank 1000 for growing an adult fish by breeding or for a long-term breeding of an adult fish, it is possible to lay eggs on the partition net 126 by the adult fish. Thereafter, the parent fish is taken out from the breeding tank 1000, and thereafter the breeding tank 1000 can be used as a system for breeding fry. That is, it is possible to provide an aquaculture system that can continue the cultivation of young and adult fish permanently without adding adult fish and eggs from outside.

  In this embodiment (2), since the built-in plant tank 50 and the biological filtration tank 4 are provided in the water tank, the change in the water temperature is compared with the structure for drawing the circulating water to the purification device outside the water tank. There are few, and the constant system of breeding environment is maintained.

  In FIG. 4, plants growing on the diatomite 11 </ b> A, the partition net 126, and the like have a purification function, and thus the plant tank 1 as in the embodiment (1) is not provided outside the breeding tank 1000. The plant tank can be arranged outside, or it can be arranged outside before the plants are fully grown inside the water tank, and removed as necessary.

  In this embodiment, since the built-in plant tank 50 and the biological filtration tank 4 are provided inside the water tank, only the first filtration tank 2 and the bubble generation tank 3 are provided outside the water tank. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the two tanks are installed in such a manner that a part of the breeding tank 1000 protrudes and a part separated by the water-permeable separation fence 131 is the first filtration tank 2. The bubble generating tank 3 is not connected to the piping with respect to the first filtration tank 2, but is provided with a separation fence 131 and communicated with each other on the wall surface. The filtration filter 2 </ b> C of the first filtration tank 2 is provided in order from the coarser to the finer in the form of providing a partition from the breeding tank 1000 toward the bubble generation tank 3. For this reason, the circulating water filtered by the finest filter reaches the bubble generating tank 3. The circulating water supplied with bubbles in the bubble generating tank 3 is returned to the breeding tank 1000 from the water intake 132 by the pump 9.

  With this configuration, it is possible not to use a pump that provides water pressure between the first filtration tank 2 and the bubble generation tank 3, and to reduce the scale of the entire system because there are many integrated parts. ing. Especially when each tank is small, space can be saved and water flow is frequent. These devices can be selected as appropriate according to the location scale of the circulating water tank and the scale of breeding.

  This embodiment (2) is provided with a mechanism for purifying the circulating water in the breeding tank 1000, improving the water quality and continuing to circulate, and these are due to the functions of biological life science (biotechnology) such as microorganisms and plants. It has a big feature in that it is close to natural freshwater and seawater environment. In the case of relatively long-term seafood rearing according to the prior art, water quality components have been artificially adjusted according to the nature of the seafood to be reared and for the long-term reuse of water for breeding. However, in this embodiment (2), it is not necessary to make artificial adjustments, and it is close to the natural environment. Water quality is maintained for a long time, and seafood can be raised in the environment.

  In addition, it is considered that the presence of plant-growing parts in the breeding tank 1000 brings microorganisms and trace components in the circulating water closer to the natural water environment and has a positive impact on the ecology of the fish and shellfish being bred.

  Next, FIGS. 7 and 8 show the embodiment (3). FIG. 7 is a plan view of a large-scale circulating water tank in which a large number of plant tanks are arranged, and FIG. 8 is a side view of the A-A ′ cross section thereof.

  In the large-scale circulation water tank 150 of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the wire mesh type plant tank 60 is installed without using the water filtration wall 4 and the diatomite 11 </ b> A. The opening 41 is located on the water surface of the aquarium, and has a simple structure that is simply surrounded by a wire mesh-like partition net 151 that surrounds the four sides. A large number of such structures are arranged in a large breeding tank 1000 as shown in FIG. is doing.

  The metal mesh partitioning net 151 surrounds the side surface of the biological filtration tank 4 with a regular fence that is easy to arrange and remove. In the example shown in the figure, a wire mesh cage having a rectangular parallelepiped shape and having only an upper lid is first placed in the breeding tank 1000, and the biological filtration tank 4, the diatomite 11A, the pump 92, and air bubbles are placed on the wire mesh at the bottom of the cage. A generator 14 is arranged. In addition, a wire mesh is assembled around the biological filtration tank 4 in a rectangular frame shape, and the wire mesh is fixed to the bottom surface of the breeding tank 1000 through weights or piles. There is a means to hold in.

  In this embodiment (3), when a large number of wire netting plant tanks 60 are arranged, a migratory path 152 for swimming fish raised between the fences is generated, and a large breeding environment close to the natural breeding environment for seafood. Large scale breeding is possible.

  In order to conduct a flounder culture test using the apparatus shown in FIG. 3, first, grasses 13 </ b> A and algae 13 </ b> B were propagated in the plant tank 1. About 20 kg of Australian freshwater oleite diatomite, about 2.5 cm in size, and about 325 mesh of Korean rare earth alkali olivine in a plant tank 1 with an internal volume of about 2.4 kL. 6 kg was added, and about 2 kL of seawater was added. After that, when the bubble 15 was continuously supplied by the bubble supply device 14, the eel and the tomato started to breed after about one week. Amamo and Itomo, which started breeding, propagated almost throughout the tank about a few weeks after the start of breeding. In this state, use of the plant tank 1 was started.

  A flounder culture test was conducted using a circulating water tank 100 provided with the plant tank 1. The breeding tank 1000 has an internal volume of about 50 kL, the first filtration tank 2 has an internal volume of about 1 kL, the bubble generation tank 3 has an internal volume of about 2 kL, the second filtration tank 5 has an internal volume of about 2 kL, The filtration tank 4 had an internal volume of about 2 kL, the plant tank 1 had an internal volume of about 2 kL, and the breeding tank 1000 was filled with about 10,000 flounder.

  By simply replenishing the breeding tank 100 with seawater that was volatilized periodically, the replacement of water decreased to about 2 to 3 times a year. Compared with the water replacement frequency of the circulating water tank in which the conventional plant tank 1 is not provided, it was about 1/5 to 1/10, and the water replacement frequency could be greatly improved.

  In addition, by providing the plant tank 1, the intake of flounder food is increased by about 1.2 to 1.3 times, and grows to 1.0 to 1.2 kg. It took about a year and a half, but it was possible to shorten it by about 3 months. In addition, the flounder cultivated in the circulating water tank 100 according to the present invention has an unusual odor, although the flounder cultivated in the circulating water tank 100 according to the present invention has developed a smell unique to cultured fish. In addition, the meat quality and taste were improved, and it was possible to ship fully grown flounder.

  In addition, the immunity of flounder increased, and the amount of flounder that became ill was reduced to about 1/100 compared to conventional farming.

  Furthermore, in the circulating water tank 100, flounder and abalone can co-prosper, and multiple types of fish such as trough puffer, sea cucumber, and scorpion can co-prosper with multiple types of shellfish such as tuna and shellfish. It was.

  As a comparative example, a commercial fuel charcoal was used in the plant tank 1 instead of a freshwater silicate mineral. Although generation of seaweed and seaweed was confirmed from the charcoal, seaweed and seaweed did not propagate to almost the entire tank, and was about 1/100. Furthermore, about two months later, seaweed and seaweed turned to a decreasing trend. The ink pores are not in communication with the other side, and it is speculated that aerobic microorganisms generated in the charcoal were killed to some extent in the holes in the charcoal, and the nutrients of seaweed and seaweed were not sufficiently supplied. The

Schematic diagram of embodiment (1) Cross section of plant tank at the time of placement Cross section of plant tank when in use Plan view at the time of arrangement of the embodiment (2) Side view of A-A 'cross section at the time of arrangement of embodiment (2) Side view of A-A 'cross section when using embodiment (2) Plan view at the time of arrangement of embodiment (3) Side view of B-B 'cross section at the time of arrangement of embodiment (3)

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Plant tank 10 Plant tank body 11 Silicate mineral 11A Diatomite 12 Gap in the lower part of the plant tank 13 Plant 13A Grass 13B Algae 14 Bubble supply device 15 Bubble 16 Water-permeable floor 17 Pipe 18 Hole 19 Olivine 100 Circulating water tank A
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Side wall 102 Bottom surface 103 Filter receiving 104 Filter receiving frame 105 Filter receiving 106 Water inlet 107 Drain outlet 108 Partition 111 Pore 112 Aerobic microorganism 113 Water flow in diatomite 120 Circulating water tank with built-in plant tank 121 Cross girder structure 122 Vertical support Material 123 Horizontal support material 124 Support material gap 125 Water flow 126 Partition network 127 Water surface 129 Floating 130 Weight 131 Separation fence 132 Water intake 150 Large-scale circulation water tank 151 Wire mesh partition network 152 Circuit 18 20 Double pipe 21-24 Valve 30 to 35 Piping 1000 Breeding tank 2 (2A, 2B) Filtration tank 3 Bubble generation tank 4 Biological filtration tank 40 Biological filter material 41 Opening 5 (5A, 5B) Second filtration tank 50 Built-in plant tank 60 Wire mesh plant tank 7 Cooling device 8 pH adjustment tank 9, 90, 91, 92 Pump

Claims (11)

In a circulating water tank that purifies the wastewater from the fish tank as circulating water,
A circulating water tank characterized in that a plant tank in which a fresh water silicate mineral is provided and plants grow is provided in front of the breeding tank.   The circulating water tank according to claim 1, wherein the silicate mineral is diatomite having pores.   The circulating water tank according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a water-permeable floor is provided in the plant tank, the silicate mineral is disposed on the floor, and circulating water is supplied from a lower part of the floor. . A fish tank,
A first filtration tank for filtering coarse particles in the circulating water;
A biological filtration tank for removing organic matter in the circulating water;
The circulation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the plant tank is provided independently, and the circulating water is circulated in the order of the first filtration tank, the biological filtration tank, the plant tank, and the breeding tank. Formula aquarium. In a circulating water tank that purifies the wastewater from the fish tank as circulating water,
A circulating aquarium characterized in that a plant tank in which freshwater silicate minerals are provided and plants grow is arranged inside the breeding tank.   The circulating water tank according to claim 5, wherein the silicate mineral is a diatomite having pores.   The circulating water tank according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the plant tank is a water passage wall through which the circulating water of the breeding tank flows.   The circulating water tank according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the water passage wall has a gap by combining support materials in a well shape.   6. At least the upper part of the biological filtration tank is protruded from the water surface above the plant tank, and an upward water flow is provided from the breeding tank to the biological filtration tank so as to overflow from the upper part of the biological filtration tank. The circulating water tank according to any one of 8. The circulating water tank according to any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein the water passage wall is a partition net.   A method for raising seafood, comprising using the circulating aquarium for seafood according to any one of claims 1 to 10 to breed seafood in a breeding tank.

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