JP3427091B2 - Fish water purification equipment - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

The present invention relates to relates to a fish water purifier you installed inside or outside the aquarium to put the fish, in particular,
Together reduce the pollution load of the water in the water tank, caused by the oxidative decomposition of the organic matter, to a suitable fish water purifier to remove harmful ammonia to fish.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art First, a conventional technique for a water purifying apparatus for fish culture will be described by taking an example of eel, which is a main fish species in the aquaculture industry. The inland aquaculture industry here refers to a business in which aquatic plants and animals are intensively grown and harvested on the inland water surface of a certain section. In the conventional eel feeding method, high-density breeding, which is mainly warming breeding in a greenhouse, is performed, and the breeding water is very easily polluted by excreted fish and scattered feed. As a method for removing dirt from this breeding water, there is a circulation filtration type fish farming.

Circulating filtration type fish farming is a fish farming method in which once used water is purified and reused for the purpose of breeding a large amount of fish with a small amount of water. The filtering device is installed in the breeding aquarium, and gravel is generally used as the filtering material of the filtering device. The gravel is formed by physically filtering fine dirt in the wastewater, and by the action of microorganisms (proteolytic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, etc.) that propagate therein, oxidative decomposition of soluble organic matter and ammonia.

In this circulation filtration type fish farming, if the filtration device is fully functioning, ammonia and nitrous acid, which are harmful to fish, are oxidatively decomposed by the action of the purifying microorganisms adhering to the surface of the filter medium to become nitric acid and detoxified. To be done. However, when the excrement of fish or the dissipated feed blocks the filter media inside the filtration device, resulting in a so-called anaerobic condition in which the circulation of the breeding water is not freely performed, the quality of the breeding water deteriorates, leading to the occurrence of fish diseases. , There was a risk of death. From this point of view, in order to prevent the filter medium in the filtration device from being blocked as much as possible, the filter medium has been bred using crushed stone having a large particle size, a plastic filler having a large porosity, and the like.

However, at the actual eel cultivation site, the filtration device cannot be operated and managed sufficiently, and washing and replacement of the blocked filter medium is a heavy labor, and the labor force may depend on family labor. In some cases, the filtration device installed with care is used as a settling tank without being filled with a filter medium, or it is demolished and converted into a breeding water tank. In other words, looking at the water quality management at eel cultivation facilities, the filtration device is not functioning sufficiently, and the breeding method is mostly still water type partial eel and partial flowing type eel, and the sediment due to the morning and evening drainage. At present, empirical breeding is the mainstream because water quality is purified by the removal of (feces, residual food, etc.) and the action of purification microorganisms floating in the breeding water.

[0006]

Ammonia, which is harmful to fish, is detoxified by being oxidatively decomposed into nitric acid via nitrous acid by the action of the purification microorganisms attached to the surface of the filter medium in the filter. Since the purified microorganisms attached to the surface of the filter medium consume a large amount of oxygen in water, oxygen supply is necessary for the purified microorganisms to fully function. Also,
The water after filtration also needs to be aerated because oxygen is reduced by the action of the purification microorganisms. Particularly, in the eel aquaculture pond, since the amount of excrement and dissipated feed is very large, the filtration water tank is likely to be blocked, and it is necessary to efficiently remove the excrement and dissipated feed of fish.

As described above, in an actual aquaculture site, since the aeration equipment and the filtration equipment are installed, excessive equipment costs and personnel costs for maintaining and managing the equipment are required. Therefore, in order to breed fish at high density and efficiently produce them, it is necessary to have a breeding system that can save labor and energy.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. It efficiently supplies the dissolved oxygen necessary for purifying the water in the aquarium containing the fish and does not generate it from the fish and the bait. the organic was separated off by air bubbles that, while reducing the pollutant load, and to provide ammonia efficiently removed cormorants Ru fish water purifier caused by oxidative decomposition of organic matter.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the basic constitution of the first invention relating to the fish water purifying apparatus of the present invention is to purify water for fish for purifying water in an aquarium containing fish. In the device, the specific gravity is close to and larger than water, and
It is provided with a carrier using a porous material, a support bed for holding the carrier in the purifying device, and a bubble generating means for causing the carrier to flow in the purifying device.
Further , an aeration tube is arranged in order to make the carrier flow and efficiently contact with water .

[0010] More specifically, the aeration tube provided purifier bottom, the fine bubbles generated from the aeration tube, coagulating the organic matter you dissolved in water to form a foam containing the organic substance, the organic substance and means for removing bubbles into the purifying device out including, in which a pipe for returning the water droplets have been removed with the foam to <br/> again water bath. Specifically, the organic matter you dissolved in water to coagulate, and held in the formed foam surface purifier top, which the foam removing tank having a screen, thereby washed away purification microbial attachment carrier without it separated off, for water droplets is obtained by the structure back to again water bath.

Further, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention
Configuration of the second invention according to the fish water purification device, put the fish
The specific gravity of the fish water purification device that purifies the water in the aquarium
Is close to and larger than water, and is made of a porous material, and a mesh for holding this carrier in the purification device.
A support floor, Bei example the aeration pipe for flowing the carrier in the purification apparatus, the aeration tube
Is for cleaning near the center below the support floor and above the support floor.
Apparatus is provided in the inner wall portion, the micro-bubbles generated from the aeration tube, coagulating the organic matter you dissolved in water to form a foam containing the organic substance, the purifier foam containing the organic material It is provided with a means for removing it to the outside.
Further, a mesh screen is provided on the outer periphery of the purifying device through which water in the water tank flows.

Further, the carrier has purified microorganisms attached thereto.
The material has a large porosity by using materials such as Saran fiber.
It has a spherical shape or a cubic shape of about 10 to 15 mm , and is coated or impregnated with an ammonia adsorbent. Furthermore, the inner wall surface and the pipe surface of the purifying apparatus, in which the adsorbent of ammonia was applied or impregnated into the water tank wall.

[0013]

The function of the technical means of the first and second inventions is as follows. Thereby efficiently supplying the bubble generating means dissolved oxygen required for purification of water in the water tank to put the fish, oxygen can be溶入in water after purification, the organic matter arising from the fish and bait It becomes possible to separate and remove by fine air bubbles and reduce the pollution load. Also ,
Caused by oxidative decomposition of organic matter, since it efficiently removes harmful ammonia to fish, fish growth promotion,
It is possible to improve feed efficiency.

In particular, the technical means of the second invention is to insert fish .
A fish water purifier you installed within a water tank which, although intended for for purifying breeding water in small fry of swimming ability, to circulate Rimizu by the aeration, inhaled fry It is designed so that it will not be damaged or damaged.

The carrier having purified microorganisms adhered thereon can retain and retain purified microorganisms at a high density, and its specific gravity is close to that of water , so that it easily flows due to fine bubbles generated by the aeration pipe. Since the mixture is agitated , water and the carrier can be efficiently contacted with each other, the carrier is not clogged, and an excessive filtration facility is not required. Furthermore, including the carrier, water tanks, pipes, by applying the adsorbent ammonia purifier inner wall surface, it is possible to improve the rising of the purifier.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. First, each embodiment of the first invention is shown in FIG.
Or, it demonstrates with reference to FIG. [Embodiment 1] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a fish-purifying water purifying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an essential part of an embodiment of a foam removing tank in the apparatus of FIG. , Fig. 3
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of main parts showing another embodiment of the foam removal tank in the apparatus of FIG.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a main body of a water purifying apparatus for fish farming (hereinafter simply referred to as purifying apparatus), 2 is an air pump, 3 is a breeding water tank, 4 is an underwater pump installed in the breeding water tank 3,
Reference numeral 5 denotes a carrier for adhering purified microorganisms (hereinafter simply referred to as a carrier) filled in the purifying device. Each part which comprises the purification apparatus 1 is demonstrated. 1-1 is a mesh-like support bed for holding the carrier 5 in the purifying device 1, 1-2 is an aeration pipe related to a bubble generating means for causing the carrier 5 to flow in the purifying device 1, 1- 3 is an air supply pipe connecting the aeration pipe 1-2 and the air pump 2, 1-4 is a water supply pipe led from the submersible pump 4 to the purification device 1, 1-5 is a breeding aquarium from the bottom of the purification device 1. Return piping led to 3, 1-6
Is a drain valve and drain pipe.

Next, 6 is a foam removing tank which is installed on the upper part of the purifying device 1 and which relates to a means for removing bubbles containing organic substances. 6-1 is a bubble containing an organic substance, 6-2 is a screen, 6-3 is a contact material, and 6-4 is a means for removing bubbles containing an organic substance. 6-5 is a drainage pipe at the lower part of the foam removing tank 6, 6-6 is a foam guide pipe for guiding foam containing organic substances, 6
-7 is an overflow pipe.

The carrier 5 has a specific gravity close to that of the breeding water and larger than that of the breeding water. The structure of the carrier 5 is made of, for example, Saran fiber or the like, has a large porosity and a spherical shape in order to attach a large amount of purified microorganisms. Or, it is molded into a cube, 1
It is about 0 to 15 mm. The carrier 5 is coated or impregnated with an ammonia adsorbent. The carrier 5 can be used with or without preliminarily adhering the purification microorganisms depending on the application, but it is immediately effective if the purification microorganisms are previously attached. In addition, the mesh pitch of the mesh-shaped support floor 1-1 is set to about 5 to 8 mm, and the carrier 5 does not flow out below the support floor 1-1.

Further, in consideration of the start-up of the apparatus, a paint impregnated with an ammonia adsorbent is applied to the inner wall surface and the pipe surface of the purifying device 1 and the inner wall surface of the breeding aquarium 3, to enhance the effect of adsorbing ammonia. I try to promote the purification effect.

The operation of the externally installed fish purifying water purifying apparatus will be described. The breeding water pumped up by the submersible pump 4 in the breeding aquarium 3 flows into the device from the upper part of the purification device 1 through the water supply pipe 1-4 and contacts the purified microorganisms of the carrier 5 filled in the purification device 1. Then, the purified water is returned to the breeding aquarium 3 through the return pipe 1-5. Since the carrier 5 has a specific gravity slightly larger than that of the breeding water, the aeration pipes 1 arranged below and above the mesh-shaped support floor 1-1 are provided.
-By the fine air bubbles generated from -2, it easily flows and is stirred.

Due to the fine air bubbles generated from the aeration pipe 1-2, the soluble organic matter dissolved in the breeding aquarium is
Bubbles 6 solidified in the upper part of the purification device 1 and containing organic substances
-1, and the foam removal tank 6 arranged above the purification device 1
The screen 6-2 separates the carrier 5 and the foam 6-1 containing the organic matter, and the separated foam 6-1 comes into contact with the contact material 6-3 in the foam removing tank 6 to form a foam. The organic substances contained on the surface are filtered out, and only water droplets are returned to the breeding aquarium 3 through the foam guiding pipe 6-6 extending to the upper part of the foam removing tank 6 and the lower pipe 6-4.

According to the present embodiment, the dissolved oxygen required for purification of breeding water is efficiently supplied, and soluble organic substances, which are the source of ammonia harmful to fish, are removed by fine bubbles to reduce the pollution load. In addition, the generated ammonia can be removed efficiently. Further, since the purification method is the fluid type, the carrier to which the purification microorganisms are adhered is not clogged, maintenance is facilitated, and labor can be saved.

Further, by coating and impregnating the ammonia adsorbent on the breeding system and the purification system,
The start-up of the device can be improved. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the pollution load on the existing filtration equipment without separately requiring excessive aeration equipment and filtration equipment.

[Embodiment 2] FIG. 2 shows a specific embodiment of the foam removing tank 6 for separating and removing the foam 6-1 containing the organic matter generated in the upper portion of the purifying device 1. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same parts, and thus the description thereof will be omitted. The foam removing tank 6A shown in FIG. 2 does not have a contact material in the tank, and is provided with a foam guiding pipe 6-6 and an overflow pipe 6-7 for guiding the foam 6-1 containing an organic substance. . These foam guide pipes 6-6 and overflow pipes 6-7 are lower pipes 6-4 for returning water drops to the breeding aquarium 3.
It has a structure connected to. According to the purifying apparatus using the foam removing tank 6A, the same effect as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 can be obtained.

[Embodiment 3] FIG. 3 shows another concrete embodiment of the foam removing tank 6 for separating and removing the foam 6-1 containing the organic matter generated in the upper portion of the purifying device 1. In the figure,
The same reference numerals as those used in FIG. The foam removing tank 6B shown in FIG. 3 has a contact material 6-3 in the tank, and the separated organic material is filtered by contacting the foam 6-1 containing the organic material with the contact material 6-3. And the lower pipe 6 arranged below the foam removing tank 6B.
-4, only water drops are returned to the breeding aquarium 3.

By switching the valve 6-9, the lower pipe 6-4 functions as a drain pipe 6-5 (valve open: lower pipe, valve closed: drain pipe). The drainage used as the drainage pipe 6-5 is returned to the breeding aquarium 3 after the filtration treatment or drained to a drainage pit (not shown). Further, in order to maintain and manage the contact material 6-3, a maintenance opening 6-8 is provided above the foam removing tank 6B.
Shall be provided. According to the purifying apparatus using the foam removing tank 6B, the same effect as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 can be obtained.

Next, each embodiment of the second invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. [Embodiment 4] FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the configuration of a fish-purifying water purifying apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same parts. In FIG. 4, 7 is
A fish purifying water purifying apparatus main body (hereinafter simply referred to as purifying apparatus) 7-1 installed in the breeding aquarium 3 is a mesh screen provided on the outer periphery of the purifying apparatus 7, and this screen 7-1.
Is for improving the distribution and exchange of breeding water, and for preventing the carrier 5 having purified microorganisms attached thereto from being out of the apparatus.

Reference numeral 7-2 is a mesh-like support bed for holding the carrier 5 in the purifying device 7, and 7-3 is an aeration pipe related to a bubble generating means for causing the carrier 5 to flow in the purifying device 7. , 7-4 is an air supply pipe connecting the air pump 2 and the aeration pipe 7-3, 7-6 is a vertical pipe in the breeding aquarium, 7-7 is a vertical pipe in the drainage pit, and 9-1 is aquaculture fish being trained. 10 is a water wheel for stirring breeding water and supplying oxygen. Also, in consideration of the start-up of the device, the purification device 7
A paint impregnated with an ammonia adsorbent is applied to the inner wall surface, the pipe surface, and the inner wall surface of the breeding water tank 3 to enhance the ammonia adsorption effect and further promote the purification effect.

The operation of such an internal immersion type fish purifying water purifying apparatus will be described. The fine bubbles are discharged from the aeration pipe 7-3 installed below the support floor 7-2, whereby the carrier 5 is caused to flow and agitate. The soluble organic substances dissolved in the breeding water are coagulated in the upper part of the purification device 7 by the fine bubbles and are retained on the bubble surface. The foam 6-1 containing the organic matter is sent to the vertical pipe 7-7 in the drainage pit through the vertical pipe 7-6 in the breeding water tank together with the excrement and the residual food 7-5 accumulated on the bottom of the breeding water tank 3. . At this time, by removing (withdrawing) the vertical pipe 7-7 in the drainage pit, foam 6-1 containing organic matter, excrement and residual food 7-5
Can be positively discharged from the breeding aquarium 3 to the drainage pit.

According to the second embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 4,
In addition to the expected effects similar to the first embodiment of the first invention, since the submersible pump is not used for purifying the breeding water, this embodiment is unique in that it does not suck in or damage the cultured fish. Has the effect of.

[Embodiment 5] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a fish-purifying water purifying apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5, 8 is a small-sized water purification device for fish culture (hereinafter simply referred to as a small purification device) installed in the breeding aquarium 3 at the time of breeding aquaculture seedlings, and 8-1 is a part of the outer periphery of the small purification device 8. The screen 8-1 is a mesh screen provided to improve the circulation and exchange of breeding water and to keep the carrier 5 having purified microorganisms attached thereto from the apparatus. The size of this screen can be arbitrarily changed depending on the size of the rearing fish. That is,
The screen 8-1 also has a function of preventing sucked breeding fish from the device.

Reference numeral 8-2 is an aeration pipe related to a bubble generating means for causing the carrier 5 to flow in the purifying device 7,
3 is a foam induction pipe, 8-4 is a drainage receiver, and 8-5 is a drainage pipe. Further, 9-2 is a cultured seedling under cultivation. Here, seedlings in the field of fisheries refer to larvae and fry obtained by fertilizing eggs (eggs) and sperms (sperms) collected from parent fish. For example, eels rely on natural seedlings because the technology for artificially fertilizing eggs and sperms to raise them has not been established yet.

The operation of such an internal immersion type small-sized water purifying apparatus for fish farming will be described. The microbubbles discharged from the aeration pipe 8-2 arranged at the lower part of the seedling growing small purification device 8 cause the carrier 5 to which purified microorganisms are adhered to flow and be stirred. Soluble organic matter dissolved in breeding water is coagulated by fine bubbles. The bubbles 6-1 containing the organic matter formed by the fine bubbles are the bubble guide pipe 8-3,
It is discharged through the drainage receiver 8-4 and the drainage pipe 8-5.

According to the embodiment of the second invention shown in FIG. 5, the same effect as that of the first invention is expected and, in addition, it is possible to purify breeding water for fry fish having a small swimming ability. Since the breeding water is circulated by aeration, there is an effect peculiar to the present embodiment that sucking and damaging fry fish is not possible.

Although each of the above-mentioned embodiments has been described as an example of eel cultivation, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to eels and can be generally applied to high-density breeding of various fish.

[0037]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, dissolved oxygen required for purification of water in an aquarium containing fish is efficiently supplied, and soluble organic substances generated from fish and food are finely bubbled. by separated off, while reducing the pollutant load, the ammonia produced by the oxidative decomposition of the organic matter can be provided efficiently removed cormorants Ru fish water purifier.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a fish culture water purifying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts showing an embodiment of a foam removing tank in the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts showing another embodiment of the foam removal tank in the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a fish-culture water purification device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a fish-purifying water purifying apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 7 ... Purification device, 2 ... Air pump, 3 ... Rearing water tank, 5
... Carrier, 6, 6A, 6B ... Foam removing tank, 8 ... Small purification device, 1-1, 7-2 ... Support floor, 1-2, 7-3, 8-2
… Aeration pipes, 1-3, 7-4… Air supply pipes, 1
-4 ... Water supply pipe, 1-5 ... Return pipe, 6-1 ... Foam containing organic matter, 6-3 ... Contact material, 6-4 ... Lower pipe, 6-
5, 8-5 ... Drainage pipe, 6-6, 8-3 ... Bubble induction pipe,
7-1, 8-1 ... Screen, 7-6 ... Vertical pipe in breeding aquarium, 7-7 ... Vertical pipe in drainage pit, 9, 9-1 ... Cultured fish, 9-2 ... Cultured seedling.

Continuation of front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01K 63/04

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A fish water purifying apparatus for purifying water in an aquarium containing fish, a carrier having a specific gravity close to that of water and larger than that of water, and a carrier using a porous material, and the carrier being held in the purifying apparatus. And a support bed for the carrier, and an aeration pipe provided at the bottom of the purifying device that constitutes a bubble generating means for causing the carrier to flow in the purifying device.
And by the fine bubbles generated from this aeration tube,
A means for solidifying an organic substance dissolved in water to form a bubble containing the organic substance, removing the bubble containing the organic substance to the outside of the purifier, and a pipe for returning the water droplets removed together with the bubble to the water tank again are provided. fish water purifier you wherein a. 2. A fish water purifying apparatus for purifying water in an aquarium containing fish, a carrier having a specific gravity close to that of water and larger than that of water, and a carrier using a porous material, and the carrier being held in the purifying device. A mesh-like support bed for the purpose of cleaning, and an aeration pipe for causing the carrier to flow in the purifying device, wherein the aeration pipe is in the vicinity of a central portion below the supporting floor, and the purifying device inner wall at the upper part of the supporting floor. Provided with a means for removing the bubbles containing the organic substance outside the purification device by coagulating the organic substance dissolved in the water by the fine bubbles generated from the aeration pipe to form bubbles containing the organic substance. A water purification device for fish that is characterized by 3. A process according to claim 2 in which the water in the water tank is characterized in that a mesh screen to the outer periphery of the cleaning device circulating
The described water purification device for fish. 4. The carrier, to which purified microorganisms are attached, has a spherical or cubic shape with a porosity of about 10 to 15 mm and is made of a material such as Saran fiber. Item 1. A fish water purifier according to any one of items 1 to 3 . Wherein said carrier is fish water purifying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that is obtained by coating or impregnating the adsorbent of ammonia. 6. the inner wall surface and the pipe surface of the purification apparatus, the fish water purifying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the adsorbent ammonia was coated or impregnated with water tank wall.