JP3082799B2 - Tunnel drilling rig - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator capable of shortening a construction period.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a typical tunnel excavation method, a full-section excavation method, an upper half-section advanced construction method, and the like are conventionally known. The whole section excavation method is a method of excavating the whole section of the tunnel at once for each cycle. In the upper half section advanced construction method, the upper half section of the tunnel is excavated first, and then the lower half section (bench portion) is excavated.

[0003]

However, in the full-section excavation method, it is necessary to maintain the stability of the ground until the end of the excavation. In other words, since all sections are opened at once,
It is necessary to be able to withstand the load from the ground. Further, when the collapse occurs, there is a problem that the collapse area becomes large. In addition, concrete is cast on the bottom (invert) of the tunnel after the end of the sliding, and rails for laying the excavator are laid on it, but it is necessary to wait until the concrete is cured. There is also a problem.

In the upper half section advanced construction method, the tunnel section is not opened all at once, so the conditions for the deformation of the tunnel are not as severe as in the full section excavation method, but the excavation speed is inferior to that in the full section excavation method. In addition, the waiting time for curing the concrete placed on the bottom of the tunnel is the same as in the case of the full-section excavation method.

[0005] Other construction methods also have drawbacks in terms of excavation speed. As another method, there is a shield method using a shield excavator. However, another problem arises in that the apparatus becomes larger and the cost increases.

[0006] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to improve the excavation speed with a device as simple as possible.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A tunnel excavator according to the present invention, which achieves the above-mentioned object, is propelled and moved with respect to the ground, and has a traveling frame into which an excavator is carried, and is mounted on the traveling frame. , A deck that penetrates the ground, and a pipe for building a top protection wall that is mounted on the traveling frame, is inserted into the ceiling of the ground, and supplies mortar or ground solidification reinforcement in front when it is pulled out. And an upper half lining device which is provided at a rear portion of the traveling frame and pours concrete into an upper half portion of the tunnel.

[0008]

In the above apparatus, the deck penetrates the ground to stabilize the ground, and the ground is excavated for each divided ground in a stable state. In parallel with the excavation, concrete is poured by the lining device. Also, if the deck penetrates the face and divides the ground into multiple areas, and excavates the ground in the lower half area first,
Excavation of the upper ground can be performed in parallel with placing concrete on the bottom of the tunnel and curing.

[0009]

Next, an embodiment of a tunnel excavator according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the inside of a crushed hood, FIG. 2 shows a cross section along the side of the apparatus, and FIG. 4 shows the front of the apparatus.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a traveling frame (machine main body) which includes left and right legs 3 provided with wheels 3a riding on left and right rails 2, and a floor 4 provided on the upper surface thereof. A running jack 5 is connected to the rear of the running frame 1 at one end thereof. The other end of the traveling jack 5 has the rail 2
Is provided. Therefore, the traveling jack 5 is used as the rail 2 as a reaction force receiver.
Is extended, the traveling frame 1 is advanced on the rail 2. The rail 2 is fixed on concrete or the like cast on the bottom of the excavated tunnel.

In the floor portion 4 of the traveling frame 1, three decks 7 are assembled so as to be able to advance and retreat in a horizontal direction. A piston rod 9 of a deck penetrating cylinder 8 attached to the floor 4 is connected to each deck 7, and the deck 7 is operated by the operation of the deck penetrating cylinder 8.
Is moved forward or backward, protruded from the floor 4, or stored in the floor 4. In each of the decks 7, a plurality of screws 10 that perform both excavation and sliding out are assembled. The screw 10 is driven to rotate by a drive source 11 provided at the rear of the deck 7. Therefore, screw 10
The deck 7 can be penetrated into the ground in front by moving the deck 7 forward by the deck penetrating cylinder 8 while rotating the.

On the other hand, rails 12 are laid on both sides of the floor portion 4 of the running frame 1, and a semi-cylindrical (dome-shaped) hood (shell) 13 is placed on these rails via wheels. I'm riding. A hood moving jack provided on the floor 4 is connected to the hood 13, and the hood 13 is moved forward on the bottom 4 by the operation of the jack.

The hood 13 continuously protects the upper half from the face to the rear upper concrete placing portion. However, depending on the ground, the hood 13 may be stabilized by forming a ceiling protection mortar pile 62 described later. . In this case, there is no need to equip the hood 13. FIG. 3 shows a state diagram without a hood. Also in this case, since it is necessary to keep the round shape of the anti-wall until the rear upper half concrete casting portion, the perfect circle holding device 63 is provided. The perfect circle holding device 63 can move forward and backward on the rail 12 by wheels, and expands upward by a perfect circle holding jack (not shown) to hold a perfect circle. When the perfect circle holding device 63 is moved forward, the perfect circle holding jack is contracted to cut the contact with the ground, and then moved forward. The perfect circle holding device 63
Several units will be equipped according to the distance to the rear concrete casting section.

On the inner peripheral surface at the front of the hood 13, a guide 14 for a top protection wall forming apparatus is provided. Guide 1
4, a number of guide holes 15 are formed obliquely with the tip side outside, and a pipe 16 for forming a protection pile is inserted into each guide hole 15. Pipe 16
Is connected to a piston rod 18 of a hydraulic cylinder 17 supported on the hood 13 side.
With the operation described above, the pipe 16 is projected obliquely forward from the tip of the hood 13 using the pipe guide 14 as a guide.

A screw 19 for both excavation and displacement is incorporated in the pipe 16. Screw 19
Is driven to rotate by a driving source 20 provided at the rear of the pipe 16. The shaft 21 of the screw 19 is formed in a pipe shape so that mortar or solidification reinforcing material (hereinafter referred to as mortar, etc.) can be poured out from the shaft end through the inside.

On the floor 4 of the traveling frame 1, a pair of rails 22 are further laid inside the rails 12, and on these rails 22, a self-propelled yard device 2 is provided.
3 is installed. The retaining device 23 includes a substantially trapezoidal frame (main body) 24, a retaining member 25 capable of entering and exiting the frame 24 in a telescopic manner, and a driving mechanism for moving the retaining member 25 into and out of the frame 24. Drive source 35 and the frame 24
Is moved on the rail 22 and is fixed to the rail 22.

At the rear of the hood 13, an upper half concrete lining device 26 is provided. This lining device 26
Is a rail 27 provided along the rear inner periphery of the hood 13.
Circulating belt 28 moved along
A concrete driving device 29 for injecting concrete between the tunnel and the inner wall of the tunnel, a frame device 30 for preventing concrete from entering the hood 13 and the like. Further, a lower side wall lining device 31 is provided outside the front portion of the leg portion 3 of the support frame 1. This device 31
Is a drive mechanism 3 for moving the inner mold 32 forward.
6, a concrete driving device for injecting concrete between the inner frame 32 and the inner wall of the tunnel.

An excavator 41 for excavating the ground, a conveyor 42 for carrying out rocks and soil, and the like are loaded below the floor 4 of the traveling frame 1. Similarly, an excavator 43 and a conveyor 44 are provided.

The apparatus is followed by a concrete lining apparatus called a centre or a steam form for finishing the tunnel sectional shape into a predetermined sectional shape.
Of course, depending on the tunnel, these lining devices may not be configured.

Next, the procedure of tunnel excavation by the above-described apparatus will be described. First, the deck penetrating cylinder 8 is operated, and as shown in FIG. 5, the deck 7 is protruded and penetrates the ground 61 in front. At this time, the screw 10 inside the deck 7 is driven to rotate, thereby contributing to excavation of the ground 61 and discharging the face earth and sand backward.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the excavator 41 excavates the ground 61 below the deck 7. Since the ground 61 is stabilized by the deck 7, even if the lower side is dug first, the ground 61 does not collapse. Also,
The excavation is performed in a dome shape, a straight shape, or an oblique shape in order to prevent collapse due to the excavation by an arch effect. on the other hand,
In parallel with the excavation of the lower side of the deck 7, a pipe 16 is made to penetrate the ceiling of the ground. That is, the hydraulic cylinder 17 is operated, and the pipe 16 is projected from the front end of the hood 13 by using the pipe guide 14 as a guide, so that the pipe 16 penetrates the ground 61 obliquely. The screw 19 in the pipe 16 is driven and rotated, thereby contributing to the penetration of the pipe 16 into the ground 61 and discharging the face sand to the rear. When the pipe 16 has penetrated the ground 61 by a predetermined amount, the hydraulic cylinder 17 is fed and the pipe 16 is pulled out. At the same time, the mortar or the like is driven from the tip of the screw shaft 21 into the hollow portion generated by drawing the pipe 16 at the same time. Go by. Pipe 16
Is pulled out, a large number of piles 62 are arranged in a dome shape and driven into the ceiling of the ground. That is, a protective wall made of a pile 62 of mortar or the like is formed on the ground ceiling.

When the construction of the protective wall by the pile 62 such as mortar is completed, the excavator 43 excavates the ground 61 on the upper side of the deck 7 as shown in FIG. Since the ground ceiling is reinforced by a pile 62 of mortar or the like, the ground 61 does not collapse. Excavation is also done in a dome shape, a straight shape, or an inclined shape. On the other hand, on the lower side of the deck 7, in parallel with the excavation on the upper side of the deck 7, concrete is poured on the bottom of the dug tunnel. In addition, the lower side wall lining device 31 places concrete on the lower side wall so as to overlap with both sides of the bottom surface. In the figure, reference numeral 51 denotes concrete cast on the bottom of the tunnel, and 52 denotes concrete cast on the lower side wall. As the excavation of the ground 61 on the upper side of the deck 7 progresses, the curing of the concretes 51 and 52 also progresses. Of course, shotcrete may be used instead of concrete depending on the condition of the side wall.

When the concrete 51 is cured, the rail 2 is extended and fixed on the concrete 51 as shown in FIG. On the other hand, with respect to the ground pile 61 on the upper side of the deck 7, the ridge device 23 is advanced, and the buck member 25 is projected and pressed against the ground 61 to mechanically clamp the hill. In addition,
If the ground 61 is highly self-sustaining, it is not necessary to perform the mountain retaining. Thereafter, the rail 2 is clamped by the clamp device 6, the traveling jack 5 is extended, and the traveling frame 1 is advanced on the rail 2. At this time, the deck penetrating cylinder 8 is operated in synchronization with the direction in which the deck 7 is stored, and is prevented from hindering the forward movement of the traveling frame 1.

The hood 13 is also moved forward.
Since a pile 62 of mortar or the like protrudes from the ceiling surface, the excavator 43 also cuts off the pile 62 prior to advancing the hood 13 or when excavating the ground 61 on the upper side of the deck 7. Therefore, when the hood 13 is advanced by the operation of the hood moving jack, the pile 62 such as mortar does not interfere. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 9, the pile 62 such as mortar remains on the ceiling, so that reinforcement is achieved.

As the hood 13 advances, an excavated ceiling is exposed at an upper rear portion of the hood 13. In order to lay concrete on the ceiling, the circulation belt 28 of the lining device 26 is moved along the rail 27, and concrete is inserted between the circulation belt 28 and the wall surface by the concrete driving device 29 (in the figure, 53). As a result, the concrete is driven into the above-described lower side wall portion, and the entire periphery of the excavated tunnel section is completely closed.

Tunnel excavation is performed with the above operation as one cycle. The dimensions and shape of the inner surface of the tunnel closed with concrete are finished by a subsequent centrifuge or the like.

In the above embodiment, the ground 61 is vertically divided by the deck 7 and excavated. However, as shown in FIG. 10, the ground 61 may be further divided in the vertical direction. Such a division is effective for a large-section tunnel. The manner of division is determined in consideration of the size of the tunnel, the nature of the ground, the workability, and the like.

[0028]

According to the tunnel digging device of the present invention, the deck is penetrated into the ground, and the ground is divided and excavated. Therefore, the excavation can be performed without causing the ground to be loosened. Efficient tunnel excavation can be performed without incurring collapse even in a relatively independence ground. Also,
If the deck is inserted horizontally into the ground and the bottom of the deck is excavated first, concrete can be quickly poured into the bottom of the tunnel, preventing deformation of the tunnel and laying rails. Thus, the apparatus can be advanced without wasting time.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along a side surface (having a hood) of the apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along a side surface (without a hood) of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the device shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing one step of an excavation operation.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a step following the step shown in FIG. 4 of the excavating operation.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a step following the step of FIG. 5 in the excavation operation.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a step following the step of FIG. 6 in the excavation operation.

FIG. 9 is a schematic side cross-sectional view during excavation.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing another example of the deck penetration mode.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Running frame 4 Floor 5 Running jack 7 Deck 8 Deck penetration cylinder 10 Screw 13 Hood 14 Pipe guide 16 Pipe 19 Screw 23 Mountain retaining device 25 Mountain retaining member 26 Upper half concrete lining device 31 Lower side wall lining Equipment 41, 43 Excavator 51, 52 Concrete poured 61 Ground pile 62 Piles such as mortar

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Toshio Takasaki 1-3-15 Awaza, Nishi-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. Osaka Branch 4 (72) Inventor Shigeru Nishitake 1-1-1, Wadazakicho, Hyogo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo Prefecture Inside Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.Kobe Shipyard No. 1 No. 1 Inside Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Kobe Shipyard (56) References JP-A-1-170994 (JP, A) JP-A-52-151228 (JP, A) JP-B-44-22929 (JP, B1) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21D 9/10 E21D 9/04 E21D 9/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A traveling frame that is propelled and moved with respect to the ground and into which an excavator is carried, a deck mounted on the traveling frame and penetrated into the ground, and a deck mounted on the traveling frame and mounted on the ground. A ceiling protection wall construction device that supplies mortar or ground solidification reinforcement material to the front when it is inserted into the ceiling and pulled out, and is installed at the rear of the traveling frame and casts concrete in the upper half of the tunnel A tunnel excavation device comprising: an upper lining device;