JP3064205U - Insulation structure for houses in cold regions - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Problem] To minimize heat loss in winter and realize comfortable living room including ventilation. SOLUTION: The heat insulating material to be disposed on the housing foundation is disposed on the entire inner wall surface of the outer peripheral frame of the concrete foundation and on the surface of the foundation wall protruding toward the inside of the underfloor space. Extend to the upper surface of the leg of the concrete foundation. The heat insulating material arranged on the roof is at least the entire surface of the back surface exposed portion of the field board, and the surface exposed portion of the square member directly supporting the field board from below while contacting the field board,
While the square member is arranged on the exposed surface of the support member supporting the square member from below, the heat insulating member arranged on the support member is connected to the heat insulating member arranged on the square member directly supporting the ground board, and the longitudinal direction of the square member is set to 80%.
It extends to a position below ~ 100cm.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a heat insulation structure for a highly airtight house, and particularly to a heat insulation structure for a house in a cold region.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 So-called highly airtight houses, which have sufficiently improved the airtightness of houses, have become widespread as a technology for economical cooling and heating efficiency. In a highly airtight house, as shown in FIG. 3, a heat insulating material 5 is continuously arranged on the foundation 2, the outer wall 3, and the roof 4 of the house main body 1, and the entire house is made of the heat insulating material 5 except for window openings and doors. Covering provides airtightness and thermal insulation.

[0003] A heat insulating material 5 disposed on the foundation 2 is provided on the entire outer periphery of the foundation concrete except for a vent. The heat insulating material 5 arranged on the roof 4 is arranged on the upper surface of the base plate 8 and has a structure in which solar heat received through the roofing material (tile / tin) is blocked immediately before the base plate 8. In many cases, instead of providing heat insulating material on the roof, the ceiling panels, which serve as partitions for the attic space, are heat-insulated.

There have been various proposals for a panel structure of the heat insulating material 5 arranged on the outer wall 3, the roof 4, and the floor 6. The conventionally proposed technology aims at improving the working efficiency or reducing the construction cost, and has a feature in that the heat insulating material 5 is unitized, thereby contributing to the improvement of the working efficiency. .

[0005]

[The celebration that the invention is trying to solve]

 By the way, the conventional design of a hermetic house is to reduce the number of components used and to reduce building costs while maintaining a certain level of heat insulation by using a nationwide common heat insulation structure and heat insulation unit. There was an emphasis on. Such design philosophy leaves much room for evaluation.

[0006] However, even though a nationwide common home design system is suitable for realizing a certain quality at low cost, it causes various problems in cold regions such as Hokkaido.

A major cause is the choice between giving priority to heating efficiency or cooling efficiency. Traditional housing design focuses on cooling efficiency. In terms of population ratio, the population in Hokkaido and northeastern Tohoku is overwhelmingly less than 10% of the population south of Kanto. Therefore, even from the viewpoint of economic efficiency, there are circumstances in which housing suppliers are not able to achieve substantial structural improvements while taking measures against cold regions.

[0008] The problem of prioritizing heating efficiency or cooling efficiency has little meaning to consider in regions other than cold regions. In areas where the outside air temperature in winter is around minus 0 degrees Celsius and the outside air temperature in summer is around 35 degrees Celsius, operating a normal heating system in winter keeps the indoor temperature comfortable, and it is rather a continuous summer season. This is because shutting off the heat is more important for maintaining a comfortable life.

However, in cold regions such as Hokkaido, there are days when the outside air temperature in the winter falls below -10 to 20 ° C., while the outside air temperature in the summer season rarely exceeds 30 ° C. Even in the middle of the summer, there is no reason to prioritize cooling efficiency because it cools down in the evening. Rather, it is necessary to minimize the heat loss in winter and pursue comfortable living.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat insulating structure that minimizes heat loss in a highly airtight house and realizes comfortable living room including ventilation.

[0011]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve the above object, the heat insulation structure of a cold district house according to the present invention is based on the technical premise of a heat insulation structure of a highly airtight house in which insulation is continuously provided on a house foundation, an outer wall, and a roof. The heat insulating material to be placed at least on the entire inner wall surface of the portion forming the outer peripheral frame of the concrete foundation, and preferably also on the surface of the foundation wall projecting toward the inside of the underfloor space, While the lower end of the base is extended at least to the upper surface of the leg of the concrete foundation, the heat insulating material disposed on the foundation wall protruding toward the inside of the underfloor space is continuous with the heat insulating material disposed on the entire inner wall surface. While extending in the longitudinal direction. The heat insulating material is desirably provided by arranging a panel material preformed to a predetermined size on a concrete formwork.

[0012] In the concrete foundation according to the first and second aspects, the part constituting the outer peripheral frame may be continuously and integrally molded with concrete having a predetermined thickness. That is, no ventilation openings are provided.

[0013] The heat insulating material disposed on the roof includes at least an entire back surface exposed portion of the field board, a surface exposed portion of a bar that directly supports the field board from below while being in contact with the field board, and The heat insulating material provided on the surface of the supporting material supported from below is extended downward in the longitudinal direction while being connected to the heat insulating material provided on the square member that directly supports the field board. In some cases, the insulation material to be placed on the roof is molded and fixed by spraying foamed resin onto the required parts.

[0014]

[Action]

 The heat insulation structure of the house in the cold region according to the present invention improves the insulation around the foundation of the house and the roof.

In order to improve the heat insulation of the foundation, first, the inner surface of the outer peripheral frame of the foundation is entirely covered with the heat insulating material, and second, the lower edge of the heat insulating material is extended to the leg of the foundation. It is in. More preferably, as a third improvement, as a third improvement, the surface of the foundation wall projecting toward the inside of the underfloor space is covered with a heat insulating material at the same time. Insulation is also placed on the surface of the foundation wall that protrudes.

Regarding the first and second points, it is conventionally known to cover the outside of the outer peripheral frame with a heat insulating material. However, there is no proposal to dispose insulation material on the inside, and by disposing insulation material on the inside surface, it is possible to reliably prevent damage to the insulation material due to snowfall, etc., and to guarantee the insulation effect for a longer period of time Is obtained.

As for the third and fourth points, no structure that takes such means has been found so far. As a result of taking such a heat insulating structure, it is possible to reliably prevent the cause of the cool air traveling down the concrete wall and lowering the temperature of the underfloor space. The transmission of cold air through the concrete wall is from the outside of the outer frame → the inside of the outer frame → the foundation wall (sleeve) projecting toward the inside of the underfloor space, but at least 80 to 100 cm from the base end of the foundation wall. If it covers with, it can almost certainly suppress the cooling of the underfloor air by the outside air. Of course, the entire surface on both sides of the foundation wall may be covered.

The second point addresses the problem of freezing depth in cold regions. The problem is that the ground freezes to a certain depth due to minus temperature, which is said to be, for example, 40-60 cm in Sapporo and 60-100 cm in Asahikawa. When the ground freezes, cold air is constantly transmitted through the foot of the foundation under the ground. In this invention, insulation is extended below the ground to block the constant transmission of cold air.

According to a third aspect, in order to enhance the heat insulating effect of the concrete foundation, the outer peripheral frame portion of the foundation is entirely concrete-formed. In other words, all vents are eliminated from the foundation. Such a basic structure has never been seen before. This is to ensure ventilation under the floor.

However, in a cold region, when outside air is introduced under the floor, the heating efficiency in winter is remarkably reduced, but the summer is cool, so there is no need to secure air permeability under the floor. Since very few creatures are active in hot and humid conditions, such as termites, there is little benefit from opening vents. Therefore, it is desirable for the concrete foundation not to have ventilation openings at least in the outer frame part, and to provide heat insulating material from the inside.

In order to improve the heat insulation of the roof, first, the heat insulating material is disposed on the entire exposed surface of the back surface of the field board, and on the exposed surface of the square member that directly supports the field board from below while contacting the field board. Secondly, heat insulating material should also be provided on the exposed surface of the supporting material that supports the square bar from below. Thirdly, the heat insulating material provided on the supporting material should be a square material that directly supports the baseboard. It extends in the longitudinal direction, preferably at least 80 to 100 cm below, while continuing to the arranged heat insulating material. The entire support may be coated, but a sufficient length of heat insulating coating can provide a sufficient cold air blocking effect.

Conventionally, the roof insulation is covered with a heat insulating material on the upper surface of the base plate. This is excellent in blocking solar heat, but is a major task to be improved in terms of preventing loss of heating heat in a house. It is a title.

When the heat insulating material is arranged on the upper surface of the base plate as in the conventional structure, the heating heat is absorbed by the back surface of the base plate and the members (rafters, purlins, and their supporting materials) supporting the back surface, and the heat is absorbed in the attic space. Heat is unnecessarily lost. Also, in cold regions, the roof is often covered by snowfall, so even if the outside air temperature drops below -10 ° C, the underside temperature of the snow is about 0 ° C, and the temperature drops below that. Is less. In other words, while it is not necessary to insulate the front side of the base plate, the heat efficiency is better if the back surface of the base plate is sufficiently insulated.

[0024] In particular, when a house is constructed using steel materials instead of wood (so-called steel house), the heat loss due to heat transfer of cold air is large, and it is necessary to provide sufficient heat insulation to the attic. desired. Therefore, the present invention covers the exposed surface of the backside of the baseboard and the square lumber that directly supports it (rafters or purlins or equivalent steel members; the same applies hereinafter), and also covers the rafters / purlins from below in a vertical direction. The support material (wood or steel material) is also provided with a predetermined length of heat insulation. The reason why the heat insulation length of the support material is adjusted to a certain range is a result of considering the transmission length of the cool air, and is based on the same principle as the heat insulation of the sleeve portion described in claim 2.

It is desirable that the heat insulation of the attic is solidified by spraying a foamed resin in order to enhance work efficiency (claim 5). In addition, in the heat insulation of the foundation, it is more advantageous to place the heat insulating panel material on the concrete form and cast the cement.

[0026]

【Example】

 FIG. 1 illustrates the heat insulation structure of a house in a cold region according to the present invention. In order to characterize the heat insulation structure shown in the drawings, the roof 11 of the house 10 is gabled, and windows and door openings are omitted. The roofing materials (tiles, tin, etc.) of the roof 11 are omitted. The purlin 50 is shown as a timber that directly supports the base plate 12. This part may of course be a rafter. Further, the support members 60 for supporting the purlin 50 from below do not always correspond to a conventional general wooden building structure. This is to illustrate the characteristics of the thermal insulation structure of the roof in a steel house using steel members. The principle of the placement of the thermal insulation material is the same even when supporting rafters in a wooden building or supporting a purlin.

In FIG. 1, 14 is the ground, 15 is the concrete bottom under the floor, 16 is the outer peripheral frame of the concrete foundation, and 18 is the leg of the foundation. 20 is a heat insulating material arranged on the inner surface of the outer peripheral frame 16 of the concrete foundation, and 25 is a space under the floor. Arrow A indicates the flow of air.

Reference numeral 30 denotes a floor material, 32 denotes a vent provided at an appropriate place of the floor material 30, 35 denotes an outer wall panel, 37 denotes a partition wall of a living room, and 39 denotes a ceiling member on the second floor (top floor). Reference numeral 40 denotes an exhaust opening provided at an appropriate place in the room, and a small forced fan is provided as necessary.

FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating the heat insulating structure of the foundation. The heat insulation of the foundation consists of a heat insulating material 20 arranged on the inner side surface of the outer peripheral frame 16 and a heat insulating material 24 arranged on both surfaces of the foundation wall 17 protruding toward the inside of the underfloor space 25. The heat insulating material 20 and the heat insulating material 24 may be formed of the same material, for example, foamed resin panels such as styrene foam and urethane foam. It is desirable to make adjustments. Appropriate unevenness may be formed in the connection portion and fitted. If a gap is erroneously formed during concrete casting, a proper coating treatment such as mortar is applied to fill the gap to ensure heat insulation. The thickness of the heat insulating material 20 and the thickness of the panel of the heat insulating material 24 may be the same unless the building conditions are particularly difficult.

The heat insulating material 24 disposed on the foundation wall 17 projecting into the underfloor space is arranged so as to have a longitudinal dimension of 80 to 100 cm, preferably about 90 cm from the inner wall surface of the frame-shaped outer peripheral foundation (16). . This dimension is to prevent the transmission of cool air and warm air to the projecting foundation wall 17. With such a dimension, the cool air and warm air transmitted from the outer surface of the frame-shaped outer peripheral foundation (16) to the inside of the foundation is provided. Can be reliably prevented. Although the heat insulating material 24 may be set longer than this dimension, the heat insulating effect of the underfloor space is not particularly improved. It is desirable to provide an opening 27 for allowing air to flow freely in the base wall 17 in the underfloor space.

Returning to FIG. 1, reference numeral 19 denotes a heat insulating material disposed on the exposed surface of the back surface of the baseboard 12, 56 denotes a heat insulating material disposed on the exposed surface of the purlin 50, and 66 denotes a predetermined surface of the support member 60. Is a heat insulating material with a length (80 to 100 cm). In addition, 70 is a beam at the roof top, and 76 is a heat insulator covering the exposed surface of the beam. Depending on the roof structure, the beam 70 is often not present. Therefore, the heat insulating material 76 covering the surface is not an essential component of the present invention. The support members 60 supporting the purlin 50 (or rafters or their equivalents) may have a structural angle according to the design and may require lateral members connecting the supports. Also in this case, it is desirable to cover the members in the horizontal direction with a heat insulating material having a predetermined length (about 20 cm; a short size is acceptable) as necessary. It is sufficient that the length of the heat insulating material is about 80 to 100 cm as measured from the heat insulating surface 16 of the field board 12.

In the above configuration, the floor member 30, the outer wall panel 35, and the ceiling member 39 may use a heat insulating unit panel material in which a heat insulating resin is filled in a wooden panel. In any case, it is only necessary that the thermal insulation structure on the foundation, outer wall and roof function as a continuous unit. The continuous integral heat insulation structure referred to in this specification means that the entire house is structurally covered with heat insulating material, and is generated in actual building examples or due to aging, such as a slight gap at the joint. It does not strictly deny the gap that occurs. This is because the house 10 necessarily has openings, such as windows, doors, and ventilation openings, where heat insulating materials cannot be arranged.

According to such a heat insulating structure, the heating efficiency in winter in a cold region can be maximized. In the base part, the cooling air is blocked from the inside by the heat insulating material 20 and the cooling of the underfloor space 25 by the transmission of the cool air is minimized by the heat insulating material 26. The reason for this is that the backside is shut off and the heat insulation materials 56, 66, 76 minimize the cooling of the attic space due to the transmission of cool air. By providing a sufficiently heat-insulating structure in those portions where the heat insulation is much thinner than the outer wall (35), the airtightness of the house 10 is dramatically improved.

Even with such a heat insulating structure, the air in the room / underfloor space / ceiling space can always be kept clean. The principle of ventilation in this case is to allow a small amount of air to be exhausted to the outside per unit time, while allowing the air inside the house to flow freely. For example, gradual ventilation may be sufficient to replace air once or twice in 24 hours. In addition, smoke during cooking should be dealt with by forcibly discharging large quantities of smoke or opening windows in the kitchen.

In order to constantly discharge a small amount of air, an exhaust opening 40 and preferably a small fan motor attached to the exhaust opening 40 are provided at an appropriate place in the house 10, for example, a bathroom / washroom / toilet. Although it is a small motor, it is desirable to install it in a place where the noise of the exhaust fan is not a concern. It is sufficient if there is at least one fan motor in the entire house if it is a normal house. At the same time, vents (32, 27) for allowing air to flow freely are provided in the underfloor space and the floor 30 on the first and second floors.

In this way, the air including the underfloor space 25 circulates continuously, and so-called air stagnation does not occur. In particular, in the underfloor space 25, the air circulates even when passing through the gap between the members on the first floor (30).

In addition, if the indoor air is constantly discharged, even though the amount is small, it is necessary to introduce a corresponding amount of outside air. However, this is due to the gap in the exhaust opening 40 which is not equipped with a kitchen ventilation fan or fan motor, or a front door. Opening and closing windows and opening / closing windows allow air to flow in slightly to eliminate negative pressure. The air flow in the underfloor space and living room may of course be provided with ventilation pipes on the wall, floor, and ceiling as needed.

[0038]

[Effect of the invention]

 As described above, according to the heat insulation structure of a house in a cold region according to the present invention, it is possible to minimize heat loss, particularly in winter, and realize comfortable living room including ventilation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a heat insulation structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating the heat insulating structure of the foundation according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a heat insulating structure in a conventional highly airtight house.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 House 11 Roof 12 Field board 14 Ground 15 Concrete floor under floor 16 Peripheral frame of concrete foundation 18 Foot of foundation 19 Insulation material of field board 20 Thermal insulation material arranged on inner side of outer frame 25 Underfloor space 26 Heat insulation of foundation wall Material 27 Opening of base wall 30 Floor material 32 Vent 35 Outer wall panel 37 Partition wall of living room 39 Ceiling member 40 Exhaust opening 50 Main building 56 Thermal insulation material arranged in main building 60 Supporting material 66 Thermal insulating material arranged in supporting material 70 Beam 76 Beam insulation

Claims (6)

[Utility model registration claims] 1. A heat insulating structure for a highly airtight house in which a heat insulating material is disposed on a housing foundation, an outer wall and a roof, wherein the heat insulating material disposed on the housing foundation is at least an inner wall surface of a portion forming an outer peripheral frame of a concrete foundation. A heat insulation structure for houses in cold regions, wherein the heat insulation material is disposed all around and a lower end of the heat insulation material is extended at least to a position above a leg portion of the concrete foundation. 2. The heat insulating material according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating material is disposed all around the inner wall surface of a portion forming an outer peripheral frame of the concrete foundation, and the heat insulating material projects toward the inside of the underfloor space. The heat insulating material disposed on the surface of the wall, and the lower end of each heat insulating material is extended at least to the position of the upper surface of the leg of the concrete foundation, while the heat insulating material disposed on the foundation wall protruding toward the inside of the underfloor space, A heat insulation structure for a house in a cold region, characterized in that the heat insulation material is extended in the longitudinal direction while being connected to a heat insulating material arranged all around the wall surface. 3. A heat insulating structure for a house in a cold region, wherein the concrete foundation according to claim 1 or 2 is formed by continuously and integrally forming a portion constituting an outer peripheral frame with concrete having a predetermined thickness. 4. A heat insulating structure for a highly airtight house having a heat insulating material provided on a housing foundation, an outer wall and a roof, wherein the heat insulating material provided on the roof comprises at least the entire surface of the exposed back surface of the field board and the field board. While the surface exposed portion of the square member that directly supports the base plate from below while contacting the base plate and the surface exposed portion of the support member that supports the square plate from below are provided, the heat insulating material disposed on the support member has A heat insulating structure for a house in a cold region, wherein the heat insulating material is extended downward in the longitudinal direction while being connected to a heat insulating material arranged on a directly supported square member. 5. The heat insulating material disposed on the roof is formed and fixed by spraying a foamed resin on a required portion.
The insulation structure of the house in the cold region described. 6. A heat-insulating structure for a highly airtight house in which heat insulating material is continuously provided on a housing base, an outer wall, and a roof, wherein the heat insulating material provided on the housing foundation is a portion constituting an outer peripheral frame of a concrete foundation. The entire inner wall surface and the surface of the foundation wall projecting toward the inside of the underfloor space, the lower end of each heat insulating material is extended at least to the upper surface of the leg of the concrete foundation, The heat-insulating material disposed on the protruding base wall is connected to the heat-insulating material disposed all around the inner wall surface, and is connected to the longitudinal direction 80-1.
While extending to a depth of 00 cm, the heat insulating material provided on the roof is at least the entire surface of the exposed back surface of the base plate, and the surface of the square member that directly supports the base plate from below while contacting the base plate. The exposed portion and the insulating material arranged on the surface exposed portion of the supporting material that supports the square bar from below, and the heat insulating material arranged on the supporting material is connected to the heat insulating material arranged on the square material that directly supports the field board, and is connected to the longitudinal direction 80 to A heat insulation structure for houses in cold regions characterized by extending to a position below 100 cm.