JP3080581U - Buildings with natural ventilation layers - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building having a natural ventilation layer in an external heat insulating structure having a ventilation layer, wherein air in the ventilation layer is ventilated by natural convection. SOLUTION: A ventilation shell and a heat insulating layer are interposed between a wall cladding material and a roof base material and a structural face material disposed on the indoor side thereof, and the heat insulating layer is a wall cladding material and a roof base material. A gap between the wall cladding material and the heat insulation layer is defined as an outer wall ventilation layer; a gap between the roof base material and the heat insulation layer is defined as a roof ventilation layer. While letting the ventilation layer communicate with the roof ventilation layer, the outer wall ventilation layer communicates with the air inlet provided at the lower end of the wall cladding material, and the roof ventilation layer communicates with the air outlet provided on the roof, By closing the lower end of the roof base material and connecting it to the upper end of the wall cladding material, the outer wall ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer were made into a sealed ventilation layer.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

[Technical field to which the invention belongs]

 This invention relates to buildings such as wooden detached houses, and has a highly heat-insulating and highly durable natural ventilation layer by using the natural ventilation effect to ventilate the inside of the building walls. It is about.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 In buildings such as wooden detached houses, it is becoming increasingly popular to provide high insulation and airtightness throughout the building in order to secure comfortable living spaces with temperature and humidity and to save energy for cooling and heating. . The outer wall of such a building is provided with a heat insulating layer on the indoor side in which a heat insulating material such as glass wool or foam resin is disposed, a finishing layer on the outdoor side, and an outer wall ventilation layer provided therebetween. .

[0003] These outer wall ventilation layers have an air inlet provided at the lower end of the outer wall and an air inlet provided at portions corresponding to the first and second floor eaves of the wall cladding material. It communicates with the hood. The air flowing from the air inlet at the lower end of the outer wall and the air inlet at the eaves passes through the outer wall ventilation layer, and flows out of the building ventilation hood through the attic space.

[0004]

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

 However, the outer wall ventilation layer mainly has only a heat insulation function inside and outside the room, and natural convection hardly occurs due to air inlets above and below the outer wall, resulting in low ventilation efficiency. There was a disadvantage. Conventionally, in the case of the external heat insulating structure, the heat insulating material is disposed between the ventilation rims, so that the continuity in the width direction is interrupted by the presence of the ventilation rim, and the heat insulation performance is reduced. There is a problem that is reduced.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a building having a natural ventilation layer in which natural convection easily occurs and the heat insulation performance thereof can be further improved.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve this object, a building having a natural ventilation layer according to the present invention is required to provide a ventilation frame and a space between a wall exterior material and a roof base material and a structural panel disposed on the indoor side. A heat insulating layer, wherein the heat insulating layer is provided so as to have a gap between the wall cladding material and the roof base material, and the gap between the wall cladding material and the heat insulating layer is an outer wall ventilation layer, A gap between the base material and the heat insulating layer is defined as a roof ventilation layer, and the outer wall ventilation layer communicates with the roof ventilation layer. The outer wall ventilation layer communicates with an air inlet provided at the lower end of the wall cladding material. The roof ventilation layer is connected to the air outlet provided on the roof, and the lower end of the roof base material is closed and connected to the upper end of the wall cladding material, so that the outer wall ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer are sealed. Characterized by having a ventilation layer. Preferably, the air inlet is formed by a porous ventilation member. In addition, the air outlet can be formed by providing a ridge ventilation hood on the roof and providing an opening at the butt of the roofing material in the ridge ventilation hood.

[0007]

[Embodiment of the invention]

 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings to be referred to, FIG. 1 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a wooden building according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the main part.

As shown in FIG. 1, in this wooden building, a foundation 12 is constructed on a cloth foundation 11, a pillar 13 as a frame structure is supported on the foundation 12, and a roof structure is provided on the pillar 13. Ceiling joists 14 and rafters 15 are supported.

In the floor structure, a floor member 17 made of structural plywood is laid on a floor joist 16 in which a plurality of joists are assembled in a lattice shape. Although not shown, a floor finishing material such as a flooring material is laid on the upper surface of the floor material 17. The underground floor 18 is formed by covering the upper surface of the sand layer laid on the crushed stone layer with a moisture-proof polyethylene film and casting a concrete layer thereon.

In the wall structure, the interior base material 21 is attached to the indoor surface of the pillar 13 by nailing or screwing, and the structural surface material 22 is nailed or screwed to the outdoor surface of the pillar 3. Further, a ventilation shell 23 is disposed outside the structural panel 22 on the outdoor side, and a wall cladding material 24 is attached to the ventilation shell 23 by nailing or screwing. A hard foamed resin heat insulating layer 26 is provided on the outdoor side of the structural face material 22 so as to have a gap serving as an outer wall ventilation layer 25 between the structural face material 22 and the wall exterior material 24.

For the interior base material 21, for example, a plywood, chip plywood, particle board or the like having a thickness of about 2 to 6 mm can be used. Is affixed.

The width and length of the structural face material 22 are set according to the wall structure and the roof structure of the building, and usually those having a width of 900 mm and a length of 1000 to 3000 mm are used. A structural plywood having a thickness of about 7 to 12 mm is usually used as the structural face material 22, but a composite plate combined with a gypsum board, a particle board, a calcium silicate board, a pulp cement board, or the like may be used. Good.

Further, the roof structure is formed by continuously forming the hard foamed resin heat insulating layer 26 a as a heat insulating layer. The ceiling material 30 is fixed to the lower surface of the ceiling joist 14 by nailing or screwing. The structural face material 22a is nailed or screwed to the upper surface. Further, a ventilation shell edge 23a is provided on the upper surface side of the structural panel 22a, a roof base plate 31 is provided on the ventilation shell edge 23a, and a roof base plate 31 is provided on the upper surface side of the structural panel 22a. A hard foamed resin heat insulating layer 26a is provided so as to have a gap that becomes the attic ventilation layer 29.

The hard foamed resin insulation layer 26 a continuously covers the entire building in the wall structure and the roof structure, and on the upper surface of the roof base plate 31, a roof base material 32 such as asphalt felt is interposed. A roofing material 33 is laid.

In the above configuration, the outer wall ventilation layer 25 and the roof ventilation layer 29 communicate with each other, and the outer wall ventilation layer 25 communicates with the air inlet 35 provided at the lower end of the wall cladding material 24. The air inlet 35 is formed by a porous ventilation member 36 attached between the base 12 and the wall cladding material 24, and air flows into the outer wall ventilation layer 25 from the air inlet 35. .

On the other hand, a ridge ventilation hood 41 having an air outlet 40 is provided at the highest position of the roof, and an opening 42 is provided at a portion of the ridge ventilation hood 41 where the roofing material 33 abuts. The lower end of the roof base material 31 and the upper end of the wall covering material 24 are closed by being connected with a similar material. Therefore, the outer wall ventilation layer 25 and the roof ventilation layer 29 form a completely sealed ventilation layer. The air flowing from the air inlet 35 passes through the outer wall ventilation layer 25 and the roof ventilation layer 29, and flows out from the air outlet 40 of the ridge ventilation hood 41 through the opening 42.

Further, in the embodiment, the ventilation trunk 23 on which the wall cladding material 24 is adhered and the ventilation trunk 23 a on which the roof base plate 31 is adhered are interposed via the block-shaped heat insulating spacer 40. To the structural face materials 22, 22a and the pillar 13, respectively. The heat insulating spacers 40 are buried in the structural face materials 22 and 22a, and the outer wall ventilation layer 25 or the roof ventilation layer 29 is formed between the wall exterior material 24 and the roof base plate 31. A hard foamed resin heat insulating layer 26 is provided.

The hard foamed resin heat insulating layers 26 and 26 a are formed on the entire surface of the structural face materials 22 and 22 a so as to embed the heat insulating spacer 40 by foaming in situ. The hard foamed resin heat insulating layers 26 and 26a form an outer wall ventilation layer 25 and a roof ventilation layer 29 of about 20 mm between the hard foam resin heat insulation layers 26 and 26a and a wall cladding material 24 of a fire protection siding material of about 10 mm in thickness. The hard foamed resin heat insulating layers 26 and 26a are also formed as part of the wall structure on the outer surface of the cloth base 11 by foaming in situ. In addition, a hard foamed resin heat insulating molded plate that has been formed in advance can be used for the hard foamed resin heat insulating layers 26 and 26a.

The heat insulating spacer 40 has a block shape with a length of about 20 mm, a width of about 20 mm, and a length of about 30 mm, and is made of wood, resin, or hard foamed resin. The heat insulating spacer 40 is disposed between the column 13 and the ventilation shell edge 23 on the outdoor side of the structural face material 22. The heat insulating spacer 40 is fixed to the outdoor surface of the structural surface material 22 by a nail or a screw which is driven into the pillar 13 from the outdoor surface of the ventilation shell 23 and has a length corresponding to its length. The ventilation shell edge 23 is supported on the structural face material 22 at intervals.

In the building constructed as described above, the convection in the outer wall ventilation layer 25 and the roof ventilation layer 29 increases as the wall cladding material 24 and the roofing material 33 are heated to a high temperature by solar heat. The heated air is discharged from the air outlet 40. The air flowing in from the air inlet 35 changes its outflow speed depending on the degree of heating of the wall covering material 24 and the roofing material 33, so that an effect of blocking heat to the indoor side can be obtained.

In addition, the hard foamed resin heat insulating layer 26 attached to the outdoor surface of the structural face material 22 by on-site foaming is continuous in the width direction without being interrupted by the left and right ventilation shells 23. Since the entire wall or roof portion is covered, the outer heat insulating performance of the wooden building can be further improved as an external heat insulating structure of a wooden building in combination with the configuration of the outer wall ventilation layer 25 and the roof ventilation layer 29.

[0022]

[Effect of the invention]

 As described above, in the building according to the present invention, the outer wall ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer are completely sealed ventilation layers. Can flow without stagnation or stagnation in any part, and can flow to carry out the moisture inside the wall cladding by natural ventilation. Also, when the roof and outer walls are heated by sunlight, the air in the ventilation layer is naturally ventilated, preventing heat from being conducted to the indoor side.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a wooden building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of an essential part showing a part of an outer wall cut away.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11: Cloth foundation 12: Base 13: Pillar 14: Ceiling joist 15: Rafter 16: Floor joist 17: Floor material 18: Soil 21: Interior base material 22, 22a: Structural surface material 23, 23a: Ventilated rim 24: Wall exterior material 25: Outer wall ventilation layer 26, 26a: Hard foamed resin insulation layer 29: Roof ventilation layer 30: Ceiling material 31: Roof base plate 32: Roof base material 33: Roofing material 35: Air inlet 36: Ventilation member 40: Air outlet 41: Building ventilation hood 42: Opening 44: Spacer

Claims (3)

[Utility model registration claims] 1. A ventilation shell and a heat insulating layer are interposed between a wall cladding material and a roof base material and a structural surface material disposed on the indoor side of the wall cladding material and the roof base material. A gap between the wall cladding material and the heat insulation layer is defined as an outer wall ventilation layer, and a gap between the roof base material and the heat insulation layer is defined as a roof ventilation layer. The outer wall ventilation layer communicates with the roof ventilation layer, the outer wall ventilation layer communicates with the air inlet provided at the lower end of the wall cladding material, and the roof ventilation layer communicates with the air outlet provided on the roof. A building having a natural ventilation layer, characterized in that the lower end of the roof base material is closed and connected to the upper end of the wall cladding material, so that the outer wall ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer are sealed ventilation layers. 2. The building having a natural ventilation layer according to claim 1, wherein the air inflow port is formed by a porous ventilation member. 3. The air outlet according to claim 1, wherein a ridge ventilation hood is provided on the roof, and an opening is provided at a butt portion of the roofing material in the ridge ventilation hood. A building having the natural ventilation layer according to the above.