JP3053071B2 - Natural ecological self-restoration type slope construction method and slope structure - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a slope construction method and a slope structure for protecting and reinforcing an inclined surface (slope) formed by excavation of the ground, and more particularly, to a method for forming a greening base on which plants can grow. The present invention relates to a natural ecological self-restoring type slope construction method and a slope structure that is constructed on a surface to restore natural ecology lost due to excavation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, an inclined surface (slope) of the ground caused by excavation or embankment of the ground is protected and reinforced by various slope construction methods. As such a slope construction method,
For example, masonry stones and concrete blocks (blocks) are stacked along the slope shape, mortar is directly sprayed on the slope, and concrete is cast to protect and reinforce the slope. This method has been widely used. In addition, there is also known a method of arranging and assembling a member in which a wire mesh form and a reinforcing bar are integrated, and then spraying mortar or placing concrete.

Further, continuous long fibers are three-dimensionally entangled in sandy soil and laid on the slope, and the sandy soil is given a pseudo-adhesive strength and deformation resistance to protect and reinforce the slope. The construction method is known as a texol construction method (geofiber-construction method).

[0004] Stone and concrete blocks,
According to the former method of spraying mortar or placing concrete, slopes and stones, concrete blocks,
Mortar and concrete are integrated, and sufficient strength can be secured on the slope. In addition, the slope functions as a retaining wall for the ground, and the ground is stabilized.

However, in this method, stone, concrete
Special skills by skilled workers are required for the installation of lock blocks. On the other hand, in the latter method (Tecsol method), it is sufficient if the continuous long fiber is three-dimensionally entangled in the sandy soil, so that the construction can be mechanized and the construction can be performed without much skill.

In recent years, in the civil engineering business in recent years, the destruction of nature has become a serious problem, and the improvement of the landscape by greening, the preservation of the environment, and the protection of nature are required on the slopes created by excavation of the ground, embankment, and the like. ing. In other words, there is a strong demand for planting seeds of woody plants and vegetation on the slope, planting seedlings and the like, greening the slope, and restoring the previous natural ecology.

However, in the former method, mortar is sprayed to cover the slope with mortar,
Since the front of the slope is covered with a concrete block or concrete, it is difficult to create a greening base (growth base) on the slope. Moreover, in the latter method, since sandy soil, on which plants are unlikely to grow, is laid on the slope, growing soil itself for a greening base cannot be secured. As described above, the conventional slope method cannot provide a greening base, and it is difficult to restore the natural ecology.

[0008] Therefore, for example, instead of the sandy soil in the latter method (Texol method), a soil of high viscosity clay mixed with fertilizer is used, and seeds of an appropriate plant are mixed with the clay soil. A texol green construction method has been proposed in which a growing soil is formed by entangled with continuous long fibers, and the growing soil is laid on a slope. According to the slope construction method, natural ecology can be restored in a short period of time.

[0009]

However, in the texol green method, the clay soil and the continuous filaments are merely laid three-dimensionally on the slope, so that only the surface strength is improved. I can't get it. In other words, it is excellent in self-restoration of natural ecology, but its strength is insufficient and the function as a retaining wall cannot be expected from the slope.

[0010] In the texol green method,
Although the clay soil and the continuous filaments are entangled three-dimensionally, the greening base is merely created along the slope by spraying on the slope. Therefore, on a steep slope, the layer of the greening base cannot be so thick, and it is difficult to secure a base having a thickness suitable for greening.

[0011] Further, in the texol green construction method, at the time of construction, a device for mixing and stirring for mixing and aggregating fertilizer materials, seeds and the like with a predetermined soil, a device for spraying clay soil, a continuous Various dedicated devices such as a device for spraying long fibers are required. Therefore, the construction is easy to be complicated, and considerable capital investment is required for the construction,
The cost must be high.

[0012] Further, since the clay soil, which is irrelevant to the local topsoil, is used as the growing soil, it is difficult to revegetate close to the original natural forest in the vicinity, and it is easy to produce an unnatural vegetation.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a natural ecological self-restoring type slope construction method and a slope structure that enable greening close to the original natural forest in the vicinity while maintaining the strength of the slope.

[0014]

In order to achieve this object, according to the natural ecological self-restoring slope method of the present invention, unnecessary materials such as rubble and roots are removed from excavated soil at the site, and fertilizer is removed. The plant growing soil is mixed to create a greening base by laying this growing soil in front of the existing retaining wall. A sheet that can be naturally degraded in soil is covered on the surface of the greening substrate, and at least seeds of a woody plant among seeds of a woody plant and a herbaceous plant are attached to the sheet. Further, the sheet is covered with a net that can pass through the trunk of the plant, and the net is fixed together with the sheet.

A root hole through which the root of the plant can be inserted penetrates the retaining wall and is provided on the back base, and a part of the growing soil is filled in the root hole. A pipe may be inserted into the root hole, and the growing soil may be filled in the pipe. The pipe can be fixed by pouring mortar on the outer surface of the pipe.

As an attachment, a vegetation shelf may be retrofitted. For example, the vegetation shelf has a substantially L-shaped cross section, is connected to a net with a mounting bracket, and the growing soil is packed in the vegetation shelf to secure a horizontal vegetation surface.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

As one embodiment of the natural ecological self-restoring slope construction method according to the present invention, a greening base is formed on the front surface of an existing stone masonry retaining wall made of masonry stone or a concrete block. In the case, first, the topsoil near the retaining wall (local topsoil) is excavated to collect the growing soil.
Investigate in advance the thickness, moisture content, agglomeration rate, surface hardness, buried seeds, useful organisms, etc. of the topsoil near the site, select an appropriate topsoil, and excavate. For example, 10% of the topsoil in the local neighborhood
Even if excavated at a thickness of about the same, it will be restored in a short period of time, with little effect.

Excavation and sampling of the topsoil are performed, for example, as follows. First, the excavated soil (top soil) is dug up to about 10% of the thickness of the topsoil with a drilling device such as a rake-shaped backhoe attachment, collected with a strong vacuum, and selected with a sorting machine such as a vibrator screen. From the rubble and root system over a predetermined size, and collect the locally generated soil (topsoil).
For example, those that have passed through a screen with a mesh of 30 mm x 30 mm are collected as locally generated soil. Of course, topsoil may be collected by other methods.

In the conventional texol green method, a dedicated device is used. On the other hand, in collecting the locally generated soil according to the present invention, a conventional device can be diverted and a dedicated device is not required.

The topsoil as the locally generated soil is a treasure trove of useful microorganisms that have grown over hundreds or thousands of years in the local natural world, and contains a large number of buried seeds.
Needless to say, it is optimal as a growing soil. Fertilizers, such as compost, may be mixed to improve the vegetation ecology of the topsoil. By using the locally generated soil, the vegetation ecology that is as close as possible to the original natural forest at the site can be reproduced, and greening without discomfort from the neighborhood can be achieved.

It is known that by maintaining the pH of the topsoil at a neutral level, the growth and propagation of microorganisms contained in the topsoil are promoted.
It is advisable to mix a plant fiber material such as peat moss and a porous material such as biocarbon, moctan, coconut husk and artificial clay into the collected topsoil.

One embodiment of the present invention for a stone masonry retaining wall is shown in FIGS. Here, FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view of the masonry retaining wall, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway front view, and FIG.
The enlarged view of each part is shown.

The masonry retaining wall 10 is constructed by stacking masonry 12 and filling the gaps between the masonry with mortar. Further, a foundation concrete 14 is cast on the front surface of the base, and a drainage groove 16 composed of a U-shaped block is constructed. It is buried before the concrete. Stone
12. The basic concrete 14 is connected by connecting pins 17 (see FIG. 3).

A root hole 18 into which the root of the tree plant can be inserted penetrates through the retaining wall 10 and is formed in the back ground 13. The root hole 18 has, for example, a diameter of about 42 mm and about two per square m 2. Also, do not align vertically
It is preferable to displace vertically a little, for example, as shown in FIG.

A shelf 20 is provided horizontally in front of the stone 12,
A polymer water retaining material 21 is placed on the shelf. For example,
The shelf member 20 is formed by bridging a net 20b between two support pins 20a (see FIG. 4), and is arranged, for example, vertically shifted from each other by a half pitch in the same manner as the root hole 18 (see FIG. 4). (See FIG. 3).

A long bolt (anchor bolt) 22
Is buried vertically in the stone 12 and extends, two bolts 22a are screwed to the tip of the anchor bolt, and a washer 22b between the bolts is provided.
Thus, the sheet 24 and the net 26 are held and fixed.

The sheet 24 is made of a non-woven fabric which is naturally decomposable in soil. For example, a fiber-decomposing material having water permeability, water retention and heat retention and a corrosion-resistant chemical fiber are mixed at an appropriate ratio. It is formed. As the fiber decomposition material, for example, natural fibers (cotton, hemp, etc.) and jute fibers can be used. The seeds of a woody plant and a herbaceous plant are attached to the sheet 24.

As the woody plants and herbaceous plants, native woody plants and herbaceous plants selected based on a botanical survey around the site so as not to destroy the local plant ecology. Then, the nonwoven fabric is woven while the seeds of the woody plant and the herbaceous plant are being folded, or the seeds are sprayed on the woven nonwoven fabric to obtain a sheet 24 with seeds.

The fiber-decomposed material itself such as a natural fiber does not have much rigidity. However, in the sheet 24 in which a corrosion-resistant chemical fiber is mixed with a fiber decomposition material such as a natural fiber, a highly rigid and strong chemical fiber functions as a reinforcing material,
The required strength is obtained.

Since natural fibers such as cotton and hemp have water permeability and air permeability, water, oxygen and the like suitable for seed germination, plant growth and the like are sufficiently supplied. Therefore, the nonwoven sheet 24 does not hinder germination and growth.

In such a sheet 24, it is preferable that the fiber-decomposing material be decomposed and eliminated in the soil in about six months when the root system of the plant attached to the sheet elongates. According to the sheet 24 made of non-woven fabric, the period of decomposition and disappearance can be adjusted by the ratio of the mixing amount of the chemical fiber to the fiber decomposition material.

During the period before the natural decomposition and disappearance of the fibrous decomposition material, the root system of the seed plant attached to the sheet 24 usually elongates, and the root system of the plant is entangled with the remaining synthetic fibers and topsoil. Functions as a topsoil reinforcement. Then, even after the decomposition and disappearance of the fibrous decomposition material, the strength of the topsoil is maintained, and erosion and slippage of the topsoil are prevented.

The sheet 24 with seeds is covered with a net 26 through which the trunk of the plant can pass. As the net 26, a hard resin net such as a geogrid is used. For example, a geogrid having a mesh of 50 mm x 50 mm is erected as a net 26. The net 26 and the sheet 24 with the seed are fixed to the anchor bolt 22 by the washer 22b and the bolt 22a as described above. Further, the tip of the support pin 20a of the shelf board 20 is a hook end, and this hook end is engaged with the net 26 and the sheet 22 with seeds to prevent the net and the sheet with seeds from bulging. .

Then, in the space (gap) in front of the retaining wall covered with the sheet 24 and the net 26, the topsoil collected in the field as described above is laid as growing soil, and the greening base 11 is formed. I have.

The sheet 24 and the net 26 may be fixed to a frame installed above or below the sheet 24 and the net 26. Here, the frame is fixed to the stone 12 with anchor bolts.

For example, the topsoil (growing soil) is transported and supplied to the space in front of the retaining wall using high-pressure air or a conveyor, and the root hole 18 is also filled with the topsoil (growing soil). If necessary, topsoil (growing soil) is preferably pushed into the root hole 18 before the sheet 24 and the net 26 are arranged.

As described above, in the present invention, the greening base 11 is formed on the front surface of the retaining wall by using the local topsoil, which is a treasure trove of useful microorganisms in the natural world and contains a large number of buried seeds, as a growing soil. Therefore, the seeds attached to the sheet 24 sufficiently absorb the nutrients from the growing soil and grow actively, and extend outside beyond the mesh of the net 26, so that the front surface of the retaining wall is covered with green. , Natural ecology is restored early. Fig. 1 is a net with plants
It shows a state in which it breeds well outside 26 and the retaining wall 10 is covered with green.

Further, since the topsoil collected near the site is used as the growing soil, the growth of herbaceous plants and the like by the seeds deposited on the soil is expected, and the plant is greened in a state close to the original natural forest nearby. In addition, since native seeds are sown via the sheet 24 based on the plant survey around the site, a natural ecology that does not feel uncomfortable with the local plant ecology is reproduced.

As a seed of a woody plant serving as a fertilizer tree, for example, if a legume nodule plant suitable for the area is selected and attached to the sheet 24, the root system of the leguminous plant grows quickly. Since it is hard to fall down, the pull-out strength is high, which helps stabilize the greening base 11.

Since the soil 24 is naturally decomposed and disappears in the soil due to aging in the soil, the sheet 24 does not hinder seed germination, plant growth, etc., and does not contaminate the soil. In addition,
Since the topsoil of the greening base is exposed due to the decomposition and disappearance of the plant 24, the leaves and branches of the grown plants are taken into the growing soil to obtain a new fertilizer source.

The roots of woody plants and herbaceous plants have a habit of invading gaps (cracks) or the like in search of moisture. In the present invention, the roots of the plants are placed on the ground (rear surface) behind the retaining wall through the root holes 18. It also penetrates into the ground 13 and is stretched on the back ground to absorb moisture, allowing plants to grow large. In addition, by growing the root system on the back ground 13, the growing soil (greening base 11) is maintained in front of the retaining wall with sufficient strength.

In particular, the root entry hole 18 is formed by the entanglement of the root system.
A lump having a diameter larger than that of the ground is formed on the back ground 13 so that a large pull-out resistance can be obtained, and the growing soil (greening base 11) can be firmly held in front of the retaining wall. Further, the root system also has a function of invading the gap between the weathered soil layers of the back ground 13 to hold and strengthen the weathered soil layer.

As shown in the figure, in a configuration in which the root holes 18 are not vertically aligned but are shifted, the root system is located near the roots of the plant, so that the root system is placed in the root holes for a short period of time. Can get inside.

Of course, since the greening base 11 is held down by the fixed net 26, the strength required for the slope is ensured, and the greening base having the thickness necessary for greening can be obtained.

Usually, in order to green the front of the retaining wall and restore the natural ecology, seeds of both woody plants and herbaceous plants are attached to the sheet 24, and greening by the woody plants and greening by the herbaceous plants are promoted. Is done. However, compared to the case with herbaceous plants,
Greening by woody plants is active because the root system is growing and is thick.
It grows quickly and firmly protects and maintains the soil, stops the growing soil (greening base 11) on the retaining wall 10, and has an excellent conservation function. Therefore, only the seeds of the woody plant are attached to the sheet 24, and the greening is promoted by the woody plant.

When the soil hardness exceeds a certain value, the root stops growing, so that the root does not grow so as to press the root hole 18, and the presence of the root hole adversely affects the retaining wall. There is no.

The greening base in front of the retaining wall is formed by the root hole 18.
11, since the back ground 13 is in communication, the root hole also functions as a drain hole.

Further, although not shown, if a pipe is inserted into the root hole 18 and mortar is poured on the outer surface of the pipe to fix the pipe to the retaining wall 10 and the back ground 13, the root hole also functions as an anchor. , A strong slope is obtained.

In the conventional slope method, no countermeasure has been taken against a decrease in water content and water retention. On the other hand, in the present invention, the shelf 20 on which the polymer water retaining material 21 is placed is provided horizontally on the front surface of the retaining wall 10. Therefore, the high-molecular water retention material 21 absorbs and retains water, preventing a decrease in water content and water retention, and securing water required for plant growth.

Since a large number of short shelves 20 are displaced up and down to provide a gap as in the embodiment without providing one long shelf horizontally and continuously, moisture is concentrated in one place. It is distributed evenly up and down without stagnation. The same effect can be obtained in a configuration in which one long shelf board is provided horizontally and continuously, and the polymer water retaining material 21 is arranged with a gap left.
Further, since the shelf board 20 is shifted up and down, the growing soil (top soil) is packed in the gap in front of the retaining wall without being disturbed by the shelf board.

As described above, even in the existing retaining wall (stone masonry retaining wall), the natural ecology that the retaining wall is covered with green can be easily restored by forming the greening base 11 in front of the retaining wall.

It goes without saying that a horizontal vegetation surface is more suitable for growing plants than an oblique vegetation surface. Therefore, it is preferable to install a stepped vegetation shelf as an attachment from above the net 26 to secure a horizontal vegetation surface.

For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the vegetation shelf 32 is connected and fixed to the net 26 by the mounting bracket 34. For example,
The vegetation shelf 33 has a substantially inverted L-shaped cross section, which is vertically erected with the bent end of the L-shaped net 35 facing upward, and has a soil retaining sheet on the back thereof.
36 is leaned against.

In the illustrated embodiment, the net 35 is 50 mm × 5
A 0mm mesh geogrid is used and the left and right edges of the vertical portion of the net are folded inward and closed. And
The lower end and the inner end of the net 35 are connected and fixed to the net 26 by a mounting bracket 34 such as an o-clip. As shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 6, if the vegetation shelves 32 are constructed vertically one after another from a continuous net 35, a large number of vegetation shelves can be easily installed.

The topsoil collected in the field is added to the vegetation shelf 32 as a growing soil by adding fertilizer if necessary, and a greening base is formed on the vegetation shelf 32 in addition to the greening base 11 behind the net 26. You.

As described above, if the vegetation shelf 32 is provided to secure a horizontal vegetation surface, the plant can grow in a natural growth state that extends vertically from the beginning.

The substantially V-shaped bottom of the vegetation shelf 32 has a water retention
Since the water retention line is secured by laying the ground 38, sufficient water is supplied to the plants grown on the vegetation shelf. The water-retaining sheet 38 is formed from a non-woven fabric having a water-retaining property, and its left and right ends are closed to prevent free outflow of water, and its upper surface is closed to prevent blockage due to free inflow of growing soil.

Of course, the configuration of the illustrated vegetation shelf 32 is an example, and the configuration is not limited as long as it can be retrofitted to the net 26 covering the sheet 24 with seeds. For example, vegetation shelf
Instead of forming the 32 vertical surfaces and the upper surface from a single net (geogrit) 35, the vertical surface and the upper surface of the vegetation shelf may be formed from different nets. Also, instead of net 35,
If a sheet that can secure the required strength is used, the earth retaining sheet 36 on the back of the net can be omitted.

Although not shown, a sheet 24 with seeds may be placed under the net 35 on the vegetation shelf 32, or a woody plant, a herbaceous plant seedling, or a seed may be vegetated without a sheet. It may be grown directly on the greening base of the shelf.

The present invention can be applied to an existing retaining wall other than a stone masonry retaining wall on which a stone material or a concrete block is piled, for example, an existing mortar spray retaining wall. The natural ecological self-restoration type slope construction method using the existing mortar spraying retaining wall will be described with reference to FIG. 7 showing a longitudinal sectional view of the mortar spraying retaining wall and FIG. Members corresponding to the members used in the above embodiment are indicated by adding 100 to the reference numerals.

In this case as well, rubble and roots of a predetermined size or more are removed from the topsoil near the retaining wall 110, and locally generated soil (local topsoil) is collected. If necessary, fertilizer is mixed. In addition, a root hole 118 penetrates through the retaining wall 110 and is formed in the back ground 113. In the mortar spray retaining wall 110, as in the case of the stone masonry retaining wall 10, about two root holes 118 having a diameter of about 42 mm may be formed per square meter.

In the same manner as in the above embodiment, anchor bolts 122 are buried in the back ground 113,
Is fixed to the tip of the anchor bolt using a nut and a seat plate. Then, in the gap between the sheet 124 and the net 126 and the mortar spray retaining wall 110, locally generated soil (local top soil) is packed as growing soil, and a greening base 111 is formed in front of the retaining wall.

It is preferable that the back drainage material 42 be laid on the surface of the retaining wall 110 and the growing soil be laid on the back drainage material. In this case, after filling the growing soil in the root hole 118 in advance,
The back drainage 42 is laid on the surface of the retaining wall 110, and the growing soil is then packed between the sheet 124 and the retaining wall 110.

In this configuration, the outflow of the growing soil due to running water on the surface of the retaining wall is prevented, so that the greenery base 111 is stably maintained even during a large amount of rainfall. Although not shown, a large number of drain holes are formed in the mortar spray retaining wall 110. By laying the back drainage material 42, the inflow of the growing soil into the drain holes is prevented and the drain holes are formed. Clogging can be prevented.

In the mortar spraying retaining wall 110, it is needless to say that the same effect as in the stone masonry retaining wall 10 can be obtained, for example, the retaining wall can be greened and natural ecology can be restored while maintaining the strength of the retaining wall. Absent.

As described with reference to the stone retaining wall 10, the mortar spray retaining wall 110 can also be provided with vegetation shelves. For example, FIGS. 9 to 11 show examples of a form in which vegetation shelves are attached to a mortar spray retaining wall 110 of a grid type concrete framing machine 44 which has been previously cast.

That is, in the configuration in which the lattice type concrete frame work 44 is cast, the growth of plants cannot be expected in the horizontal frame 44H and the vertical frame 44V. Therefore, for example, as can be seen from FIG. 10, the sheet 124 is formed in a horizontally long strip shape avoiding the horizontal frame 44H of the concrete framer 44, and the area along the horizontal frame is a blank space where plants do not grow. Become a region. Therefore, the step-like vegetation shelf 132 is provided along the horizontal frame 44H of the concrete framing so as to eliminate this blank area. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the vegetation shelves 34 are provided one by one vertically along a horizontal frame 44H of a concrete frame.

The sheet 124 has a strip shape.
The net 126 is laid so as to cover a number of sheets integrally. Anchor bolt 122 is used for concrete frame horizontal frame 44
H, buried in the vertical frame 44V, the sheet 124 with seeds and the net 126 are fixed to the concrete frame by hooks at the tips.

For example, in the two upper and lower vegetation shelves 132, the lower end of the net (geo grid) 135 of the upper vegetation shelf and the inner end of the upper surface of the lower vegetation shelf net are concretely fixed by a mounting bracket 134, for example, an O-clip. -Connect and fix to the anchor bolts 122 of the horizontal frame 44H. Also, the inner end of the upper surface of the net 135 of the vegetation shelf and the lower end of the net of the lower vegetation shelf are attached to the net 126 on the sheet 124 with seeds by the mounting bracket 134.
Respectively.

In the illustrated embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, the seedlings of the woody plants are grown on the greening base of the vegetation shelf 132. It may be laid under the horizontal part of the net 135 of the vegetation shelf.

As described above, when the vegetation shelves 132 are provided, even if the mortar spraying retaining wall 110 on which the grid-shaped concrete frame work 44 is cast is formed, the retaining wall is green without any blank area. Covered.

The present invention can also be applied to a concrete retaining wall in which concrete is cast on the foundation ground (concrete retaining wall), and a plan view of a partially cut concrete retaining wall. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 13-13 of FIG. 12, FIG.
The natural ecological self-restoration type slope construction method at the existing concrete retaining wall will be described with reference to FIG. Members corresponding to the members used for the masonry retaining wall or the mortar spray retaining wall are indicated by adding 200 to the reference numerals.

Reference numeral 210 indicates a concrete retaining wall cast on the foundation ground 213, and the concrete retaining wall 210 is formed with a lattice-shaped small section. An anchor wire 52 is erected, for example, horizontally on the upper surface of the concrete retaining wall 210, and the clip 54 is pinned to the vertical frame 244V of the concrete retaining wall 210 from above the anchor wire to make the anchor. -The wire is fixed.

An anchor bolt 222 is buried in a horizontal frame 244H of the concrete retaining wall 210, a shelf 220 is placed on a series of horizontally arranged anchor bolts, and a polymer water retaining material 221 is placed on the shelf. It has been placed.

A sheet with seeds 224 and a net 226 are disposed in contact with the upper end of the shelf 46 and are fixed to the concrete retaining wall 210 using anchor bolts 222. That is, FIG.
As can be seen from FIG.
The sheet 224 and the net 226 are sandwiched and fixed between the bolt and the shelf 46 by screwing the nut 222a through the 2b.

Anchor wire 25 on concrete retaining wall
2. The hook ends of the width-stopping wires 58 are respectively engaged with the net 226, so that the sheet 224 and the bulge of the net are suppressed. In the gap between the sheet 224 and the concrete retaining wall, locally generated soil (local topsoil) is packed as growing soil, and a greening base 211 is formed in front of the retaining wall. Of course,
A root hole 218 is formed, and a part of the locally generated soil is previously filled in the root hole.

Also in this embodiment, the natural ecology can be reproduced on the front surface of the retaining wall in the same manner as described above. In particular, in the illustrated embodiment, the sheet 224 and the net 226 are fixed with the shelf 220 interposed therebetween. As is clear from FIG. 13, the thickness of the greening base 211 at the front of the retaining wall is the same as that of the shelf. Because it matches the board width, the thickness of the greening base can be adjusted according to the board width of the shelf board.

Further, the shelf board 220 is extended in the horizontal direction,
The greening board 211 is divided into upper and lower small compartments,
Since 1 is placed on the shelf, moisture stays in each section on average and is supplied over the entire area of the greening base 211 without excess or shortage.

Although not shown, it is needless to say that the above-mentioned vegetation shelf can be appropriately set by the mounting bracket 34 also on the concrete retaining wall 210.

The above-described embodiments of the present invention are intended to explain the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any way, and may be modified or modified within the technical scope of the present invention. It is needless to say that all are included in the present invention.

For example, while seeds of a woody plant or a herbaceous plant are attached to a net, seedlings of a herbaceous plant or a woody plant are planted in advance in a growing soil so that growth from the seed and growth from the seedling coexist. You may.

[0083]

As described above, according to the natural ecological self-restoring slope method according to the present invention, a greening base is formed on the front surface of the retaining wall with the local topsoil as a growing soil. Seeds attached to the soil grow by absorbing nutrients from the growing soil and extend outside beyond the net mesh, so that the front of the retaining wall is covered with green, and the natural ecology is restored at an early stage.

Since the topsoil collected near the site is used as the growing soil, the growth of herbaceous plants and the like by the seeds deposited on the soil is expected, and the plant is greened close to the original natural forest nearby. In addition, since native seeds are sown based on plant surveys around the site, natural ecology that is natural to the local plant ecology is reproduced.

The root of the plant penetrates into the ground (rear ground) behind the retaining wall through the root hole and is stretched on the rear ground to absorb moisture, so that the plant can grow greatly. In addition, the root system is stretched on the back ground, and the growing soil (greening base) is held in front of the retaining wall with sufficient strength.

[0086] By the root hole, a greening base in front of the retaining wall,
Since the back ground is in communication, the root hole also functions as a drain hole.

If a pipe is inserted into the root hole and mortar is poured on the outer surface of the pipe and the pipe is fixed to the retaining wall and the back ground, the root hole functions also as an anchor, and a firm slope is secured. .

[0086] Since the soil is naturally decomposed and disappears in the soil due to aging in the soil, the seeded sheet is used for germination of seeds,
It does not hinder the growth of plants and does not pollute the soil. In addition, since the topsoil of the greening base is exposed due to the decomposition and disappearance of the sheet, the leaves and branches of the grown plants are incorporated into the growing soil to obtain a new fertilizer source.

Since the greening base is held down by the fixed net, the strength required for the slope is ensured, and the greening base having the thickness necessary for greening can be obtained.

If a pipe is inserted into the root hole and mortar is poured on the outer surface of the pipe to fix the pipe to the retaining wall and the back ground, the root hole functions also as an anchor, and a firm slope is obtained.

If the shelf board on which the polymer water-retaining material is placed is provided on the front surface of the retaining wall, the polymer water-retaining material absorbs and retains moisture, thereby preventing a decrease in water content and water retention.

If the gap is provided by shifting the shelf up and down, moisture is distributed evenly up and down without staying in one place, and the growing soil is packed in the gap in front of the retaining wall without being disturbed by the shelf. .

According to the natural ecological self-restoring slope structure of the present invention, the greenery is planted in a state close to the original natural forest in the vicinity, and the natural ecology that does not feel uncomfortable with the local vegetation ecology is reproduced at an early stage.

The roots of the plants also penetrate into the ground behind the retaining wall (back ground) through the root holes, and the plants grow large, and the growing soil (greening base) is preserved with sufficient strength.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a stone masonry retaining wall having a greening base formed on a front surface thereof by a natural ecological self-restoring slope construction method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the masonry retaining wall shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion A of the masonry retaining wall shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a shelf board.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the masonry retaining wall corresponding to FIG.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a shelf board using an integrated net.

FIG. 7 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a mortar spraying retaining wall having a greening base formed on a front surface thereof by a natural ecological self-restoring slope method according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion A of the mortar spray retaining wall shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a mortar spray retaining wall on which a concrete frame is cast.

FIG. 10 is a front view of the mortar spray retaining wall shown in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a portion A of the mortar spray retaining wall shown in FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 is a partially cutaway plan view of a concrete retaining wall having a greening base formed on the front surface thereof by the natural ecological self-restoring slope method according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the concrete retaining wall shown in FIG. 12, taken along line 13-13.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10, 110, 210 Retaining wall 11, 111, 211 Greening base 12 Stone 13, 113, 213 Back ground 18, 118, 218 Root hole 20, 220 Shelf 21, 121, 221 Polymer water-retaining material 22, 122, 222 Anchor bolt 24, 124, 224 Sheet (non-woven fabric) 26, 126, 226 Net (hard resin net) 32, 132 Vegetation shelf 34, 134 Mounting bracket 35, 135 Net 36, 136 Earth retaining sheet 38, 138 Water retention sheet 42 Back drainage 44, 244 Concrete frame work 58 Width fixing wire

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-7-90851 (JP, A) JP-A-50-78102 (JP, A) Jiko 46-25074 (JP, Y1) (58) Fields investigated (Int) .Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02D 17/20 102 E02D 17/20 104

Claims (13)

(57) [Claims] Claims 1. A step of providing a root-penetration hole through which a plant root can be penetrated through a retaining wall in a back ground, and removing a rubble, a root system, and the like from excavated soil generated by excavation of ground near the site. A step of filling a part of the growing soil of the plant consisting of the emerged soil into the root hole, At least the seed of the woody plant among the seeds of the woody plant and the seed of the herbaceous plant is attached, and the natural decomposable in the soil See
Placing the seeds away from the retaining wall in front of the retaining wall; covering the seeded sheet with a net through which the trunk of the plant can pass; and fixing the net together with the sheet; A natural ecological self-restoring slope construction method, comprising: laying the sheet in the gap in front of the retaining wall to form a greening base. 2. A step of providing a root-penetration hole through which a plant root can be inserted through a retaining wall on the back ground, and removing a pebble, a root system, and the like from excavated soil generated by excavation of ground near the site. A step of filling a part of the growing soil of the plant consisting of the emerged soil into the root hole, At least the seed of the woody plant among the seeds of the woody plant and the seed of the herbaceous plant is attached, and the natural decomposable in the soil See
Disposing the sheet away from the retaining wall and placing it on the front of the retaining wall; covering the above-mentioned sheet with seeds with a net through which the trunk of the plant can pass, and fixing the net together with the sheet; A process of mounting a polymer water-retaining material on a shelf plate between the net and the front of the retaining wall, and laying the above growing soil in a gap between the sheet and the front of the retaining wall to form a greening base And a natural ecological self-restoring slope construction method. 3. A root hole through which a plant root can be inserted is provided in the back ground through the retaining wall, and a pipe is inserted into the root hole.
A step of flowing mortar on the outer surface of the pipe and fixing the same; a step of mixing fertilizer with a locally generated soil obtained by removing rubble, roots, and the like from excavated soil generated by excavating the ground near the site to form a plant growing soil, A step of filling a part of the growing soil into a root hole;
Placing the seeds away from the retaining wall in front of the retaining wall; covering the seeded sheet with a net through which the trunk of the plant can pass; and fixing the net together with the sheet; A natural ecological self-restoring slope construction method, comprising: laying the sheet in the gap in front of the retaining wall to form a greening base. 4. The sheet is a non-woven fabric, and the anchor bolt embedded in the retaining wall or the ground behind is sealed to the sheet.
4. The natural ecological self-restoring slope method according to claim 1, wherein the net and the net are fixed. 5. A natural vegetation shelf according to claim 1, wherein a vegetation shelf having a substantially L-shaped cross section is connected to a net with a mounting bracket, and said growing soil is packed in said vegetation shelf to secure a horizontal vegetation surface. Ecological self-restoration type slope construction method. 6. A vegetation shelf having a substantially L-shaped cross section is connected to a net by a mounting bracket, and the growing soil is packed in the vegetation shelf to secure a horizontal vegetation surface, and a water retention system is provided on the substantially V-shaped bottom of the vegetation shelf. The self-restoring natural ecological slope construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a water retention line is secured by arranging the slopes. 7. The natural ecological self-restoration type slope construction method according to claim 1, wherein a back drainage material is provided on the retaining wall, and a growing soil is laid through the back drainage material. 8. A step of providing a root hole through which a root of a plant can be inserted in the foundation ground on the back side, and a locally generated soil obtained by removing rubble, root system, and the like from excavated soil generated by excavation of ground near the site. Filling a part of the plant growing soil into the root hole, laying a grid-like concrete frame on the foundation ground, and burying a series of anchor bolts in the horizontal frame of the concrete frame A step of leaning a shelf board on an anchor bolt to vertically separate the concrete framing, and a step of attaching at least seeds of a woody plant among seeds of a woody plant and seeds of a herbaceous plant to the soil. In the natural decomposable sheet
Covering the seed sheet with a mesh net that can pass through the trunk of the plant, and screwing the upper end of the anchor bolt. , Sheet with seeds,
The process of holding and fixing the net to the shelf, and laying the above growing soil in the gap in front of the sheet and retaining wall to green
A natural ecological self-restoration type slope construction method with a base process . 9. A polymer water-retaining material is placed on a shelf board, a series of anchor wires are stretched around a concrete frame, the net is made of a hard resin net, and the hard resin is fixed with a width stopping wire at both end hooks. 9. The self-restoring natural ecological slope construction method according to claim 8, wherein the growing soil is laid after connecting the net and the anchor wire. 10. A soil obtained by removing rubble, roots, etc. from excavated soil near the site as a plant growing soil, laying in front of an existing retaining wall to serve as a greening base, and penetrating through the retaining wall and providing on a back ground. The above-mentioned growing soil is filled into the root-penetration hole that can be inserted into the root of the plant, and at least the seed of the woody plant among the seeds of the woody plant and the seeds of the herbaceous plant is attached thereto, and is naturally degradable in the soil. No See
A natural ecological self-restoring slope structure in which the surface of the greening base is covered with a ground, and a fixed net that can pass through the trunk of the plant is covered on the sheet. 11. A soil obtained by removing rubble, roots, etc. from excavated soil near the site and mixing with fertilizer as a plant growing soil, laying in front of an existing retaining wall as a greening base, and penetrating the retaining wall. Provided on the back ground, the above-mentioned growing soil is packed into a root-penetration hole through which the root of the plant can be inserted, and at least the seed of the woody plant, the seed of the herbaceous plant, is attached to the seed of the woody plant, And can be naturally decomposed
A natural ecological self-restoring slope structure in which the surface of the greening base is covered with a ground, and a fixed net that can pass through the trunk of the plant is covered on the sheet. 12. Excavated soil near the site to remove rubble, root system, etc.
The removed soil is used as plant growth soil, laid in front of the existing retaining wall to form a greening base, and a pipe is inserted through the retaining wall and into the root-penetration hole in the back ground where plant roots can be inserted. , Mortar is poured on the outer surface of the pipe, and the pipe is fixed to the retaining wall and the back ground,
A pipe is filled with a portion of the above growing soil, and at least woody seeds among native woody seeds and herbaceous plant seeds selected based on plant surveys around the site are attached, A natural ecological self-restoring slope structure in which the surface of the greening base is covered with a sheet made of non-woven fabric that can be naturally degraded in soil, and the sheet is covered with a fixed net that can pass through plant stems. 13. A soil obtained by removing rubble, roots, and the like from excavated soil near the site as plant growth soil, laying in front of an existing retaining wall to serve as a greening base, and penetrating the retaining wall and providing on a back ground. The above-mentioned growing soil is filled into the root-penetration hole that can be inserted into the root of the plant, and at least the seed of the woody plant among the seeds of the woody plant and the seeds of the herbaceous plant is attached thereto, and is naturally degradable in the soil. No See
The surface of the greening base is covered with a plant, a fixed net through which the trunk of the plant can pass is covered by the sheet, and a vegetation shelf having a substantially inverted L-shaped cross section on which a polymer water-retaining material is placed is connected to the net by a mounting bracket. A natural ecological self-restoring slope structure in which the above growing soil is packed in vegetation shelves to secure a horizontal vegetation surface.